JPH10266265A - Crawler frame expanding/contracting device and method for construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate expansion and contraction by connecting one side to a four-node link by an engaging pin, while connecting the other side to an axle by a connecting pin inserted in a gage width enlarging connecting hole, and changing a four-node link fitting angle by an intermediate link. SOLUTION: An axle 1 and crawler frames 2, 3 are connected by two lateral sets of four-node links 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b. At this time, the four-node links 4a, 4b are connected to one of a gage width enlarging connecting hole and a contracting connecting hole 11b arranged at intermediate links 11, 11, and adjustment for enlarging/contracting the gage width of the crawler frames 2, 3 is made. In association with the contracting rotation of the four-node link 4a, the four-node link 5a is also rotated in the same contracting state. In this case, the centerline of the four-node links 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b is set to 25-35 deg. from the top view to the longitudinal centerline at the time of contracting the gage width. The tip parts of connecting pins 13 between the axle 1 and the intermediate links 11, 11 are tapered at 15 deg. or less. Durability can therefore be improved with simple structure.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an undercarriage device used for a construction machine such as a hydraulic shovel or the like, and more particularly, to a crawler frame of a construction machine such as a hydraulic shovel or a crawler type crane for determining a gauge width of a hydraulic cylinder. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a crawler frame expanding / contracting apparatus for a construction machine which can be expanded / contracted without using a device or the like, and a method for enlarging / reducing the crawler frame.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 16 is a side view of a hydraulic excavator 50, and FIG. 17 is a front view. The lower traveling body 51 of the hydraulic excavator 50 can travel freely by driving a traveling motor (not shown). The axle 70 of the lower traveling body 51 is mounted on left and right crawlers 73, and a crawler belt 71 is wound around the crawlers 73. This lower traveling body 5
An upper revolving structure 52 is provided on the upper part of the revolving unit 1 so as to be revolvable by driving a revolving motor (not shown). The upper revolving unit 52 is equipped with an engine 52a, a cab 52b, a working machine 53, and the like. The working machine 53 includes a boom 54, an arm 56, a bucket 59, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 55, 57, 58 and the like.

Conventionally, an outer width W of the left and right crawler belts 71 of the lower traveling body 51 shown in FIG. 17 (hereinafter referred to as an outer width W).
Is larger than the body width S of the upper revolving unit 52, and when the outer width W exceeds the transport limit, the right and left crawlers 73
Is reduced to reduce the outer width W within the transport limit by reducing the distance (gage width).

[0004] Several applications have been filed as a method of enlarging or reducing the distance between the left and right crawler frames. For example, according to Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-198354 shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, as shown in FIG. 14A, an axle 80 is provided with two square or round holes 81. A square or round beam 83 fixed to the left and right crawler frames 82 is slidably inserted. The axle 80 and the left and right crawler frames 82 are respectively
When the hydraulic cylinder 84 is extended, the interval between the left and right crawler frames 82 is widened as shown in FIG. 4A, and when the hydraulic cylinder 84 is contracted, the beam 83 slides in the hole 81 and moves. The interval between the crawler frames 82 is reduced as shown in FIG.

According to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-148388 shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, as shown in FIG. 15A, an axle 90 and left and right crawler frames 91 are linked by links 92 and 93. They are linked to form a parallel 4-bar link. The axle 90 and the left and right crawler frames 91 are connected by a hydraulic cylinder 94. 95
Is a track. When the hydraulic cylinder 94 is extended, the distance between the left and right crawler frames 91 is increased as shown in FIG.
Are reduced as shown in FIG.

[0006] As prior arts for increasing or decreasing the distance between the left and right crawler frames as described above, there are Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-11669 and PCT / EP93 / 00777.

[0007]

In the Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 61-198354 shown in FIG. 14, two square or round holes provided in an axle are fixed to left and right crawler frames. Since the beam is inserted, it is difficult to ensure dimensional accuracy between the hole and the beam, and it is necessary to provide a gap between the hole and the beam. For this reason, if the work is performed for a long time, the play is enlarged and causes damage.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-14838 shown in FIG.
In Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 8 (1999), a parallel four-link mechanism is used, and therefore, if the distance between the crawler frames is reduced during transportation, the vehicle height increases, which may hinder transportation. Further, since only the link mechanism is used, it is difficult to secure strength against a load in the front-rear direction.

The above prior art, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
No. 9 and PCT / EP93 / 00777 have the problem that the number of links and pins is large, the structure is complicated and the cost is high, and the hydraulic cylinder is exposed to earth and sand and is easily damaged.

Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 61-198354, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-148388, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-11669, and PCT / EP93 / 00777 all disclose a hydraulic cylinder for expanding and reducing the gauge width of a crawler frame. Therefore, a hydraulic device is required, and there is a problem that the structure is complicated and the cost is high.

In addition, there is a problem that the hydraulic piping of the traveling motor attached to the left and right crawler frames is exposed, and is exposed to earth and sand or the like, and is easily damaged.

The present invention focuses on the above-mentioned conventional problems, and allows a crawler frame to be easily expanded and contracted without using the power of a hydraulic cylinder or the like, and has a strong structure with no backlash between connecting portions between the axle and the crawler frame. An object of the present invention is to provide a crawler frame expanding / contracting apparatus for a construction machine and a method for enlarging / retracting the crawler frame of a construction machine, which does not hinder transportation, by attaching a cover so as not to damage hydraulic piping of a traveling motor attached to the crawler frame. .

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, a first invention of a crawler frame expanding / contracting apparatus for a construction machine according to the present invention comprises: an axle and left and right crawler frames; And a crawler frame of a construction machine having a four-joint link connecting the axle and the crawler frame via a pin, and increasing or decreasing the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames by changing an attachment angle of the four-joint link to the axle. In the expansion and contraction device, one side is connected to the four-links 4a and 4b by the engagement pins 8.
c and 9c, and the other side is connected to the axle 1 by a connecting pin 13 inserted into either the widening connection hole 11a or the reduction connection hole 11b of the gauge width. , 4b with an intermediate link for changing the mounting angle. According to the above configuration, the axle 1 and the crawler frames 2 and 3 are connected to each other by two sets of four-joint links 4a, 4b, 5a and 5b on the left and right, and the four-joint links 4a and 4b are connected to the intermediate link 11,
11, a connecting hole 11a for widening and a connecting hole 11 for reducing
The gauge width of the crawler frames 2 and 3 can be adjusted by selecting and connecting one of the b. For example, when increasing the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames using running force, first, the upper revolving unit is swung to position the counterweight on one of the left and right crawler frames, and the crawler frame is positioned. The center of gravity is moved to make the crawler frame on the widening side easier to drive. Next, the connecting pin connecting the four-bar link and the intermediate link is pulled out. With the four-bar link and the intermediate link free, the vehicle travels forward with the idler forward. By this forward running, the four-bar link is rotated and positioned with the intermediate link. Then, the four-bar link and the intermediate link are connected by the connecting pins, and the operation is completed. Conversely, when reducing the gauge width, rotate the upper revolving structure to position the counterweight on one of the left and right crawler frames, and move the center of gravity to the crawler frame on the non-reduced side. The traveling drive of the crawler frame on the reduction side is facilitated. Next, the connecting pin connecting the four-bar link and the intermediate link is pulled out. When the four-bar link and the intermediate link are free, the vehicle travels backward with the idler forward. The four-node link is rotated by this backward traveling to position the intermediate link. Then, the four-bar link and the intermediate link are connected by the connecting pins, and the operation is completed. Thus, the gauge width of the crawler frame can be easily adjusted. Further, since there is no need to mount a hydraulic cylinder between the axle and the crawler frame as in the related art, there is no problem of oil leakage from the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic piping. Therefore, the structure is simple and the durability is improved, and the cost is low because no hydraulic cylinder or the like is required.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, the intermediate links 11, 11 are left and right four-node links 4 respectively.
a and 4b are provided one each.
According to the above configuration, the axle 1 and the crawler frame 2,
3 is firmly connected by two sets of four-links 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b and intermediate links 11, 11 on the left and right sides, so that the durability is improved.

The third invention has a four-joint link between each of the axle and the left and right crawler frames and between the axle and the crawler frame via a pin. In the crawler frame expanding / contracting device for a construction machine in which the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames is increased or decreased by a change, the four-node link hole and the axle gauge width widening connection hole 1a or the reduction connection hole. 1b, and has a connecting pin 13 for changing the mounting angle of the four-bar links 14a, 14b, 5a, 5b. According to the above configuration, the axle 1A and the crawler frames 2 and 3 are two sets of left and right four-joint links 14a and 14a.
4b, 5a, and 5b, and the four-bar links 14a, 14b are formed by selecting and connecting one of a gauge widening connection hole 1a and a reduction connection hole 1b provided in the axle 1A. The gauge width of the crawler frames 2 and 3 can be adjusted. For example, when increasing the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames using running force, first, the upper revolving unit is swung to position the counterweight on one of the left and right crawler frames, and the crawler frame is positioned. The center of gravity is moved to make the crawler frame on the widening side easier to drive. Next, the connection pin connecting the four-bar link and the axle is pulled out. When the four-bar link is free, the vehicle travels forward with the idler forward. By this forward running, the four-bar link is rotated and positioned with the other connecting hole provided in the axle. The connection is completed by connecting the four-bar link and the axle with the connecting pin. Conversely, when reducing the gauge width, rotate the upper revolving structure to position the counterweight on one of the left and right crawler frames, and move the center of gravity to the crawler frame on the non-reduced side. The traveling drive of the crawler frame on the reduction side is facilitated. Next, the connection pin connecting the four-bar link and the axle is pulled out. When the four-bar link is free, the vehicle travels backward with the idler forward. The four-joint link is rotated by this reverse traveling to position the other joint hole provided in the axle. The connection is completed by connecting the four-bar link and the axle with the connecting pin. In the third invention, the intermediate link of the first invention is abolished, and the four-bar links 14a and 14b are directly connected to the axle 1A. As a result, the axle 1A and the crawler frames 2, 3 are firmly connected by two sets of left and right four-joint links 14a, 14b, 5a, 5b, thereby simplifying the structure. Further, since there is no need to mount a hydraulic cylinder between the axle and the crawler frame as in the related art, there is no problem of oil leakage from the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic piping. Therefore, the structure is simple and the durability is improved, and the cost is low because no hydraulic cylinder or the like is required.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first or third aspect, widening stoppers 7a and 7b are provided on one side of each of the left and right four-bar links to abut against the four-bar links 5a and 5b at the time of widening. On the other side, at the time of reduction, the four-bar link 4a,
The axle 1 is characterized in that the axle 1 is provided with reduction stoppers 6a and 6b that come into contact with the axle 1. According to the above configuration, in addition to the operation and effect of the first invention, the four-bar links 4a and 4b
When the gauge width of the crawler frames 2 and 3 is reduced, the crawler frames 2 and 3 are rotated to reduce the gauge width.
6b, positioning with the intermediate links 11 and 11 becomes easy. In addition, four-node links 5a and 5b
Are turned when the gauge width of the crawler frames 2 and 3 is increased, and the widening stopper 7 provided on the axle 1 is rotated.
a, 7b, the four-link 4
Positioning of the intermediate links 11 and 11 with the intermediate links 11 and 11 becomes easy. Therefore, the gauge width of the crawler frame can be easily adjusted, and the operation time can be reduced.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first or third aspect, four-joint links 4a, 4b, 14a, and 14 linking the axles 1, 1A and the crawler frames 2, 3 are provided.
The center lines of b, 5a, and 5b are set at 25 degrees to 35 degrees with respect to the center line in the vehicle longitudinal direction when the gauge width is reduced in plan view. According to the above configuration, in addition to the effects of the first and fourth aspects, when the gauge width of the crawler frame is reduced, the four-link is set to 25 to 35 degrees. The rotation moment acting on the four-bar link is sufficient, and the work of reducing the gauge can be performed smoothly.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, in the configuration of the first or third aspect, the axles 1, 1A and the intermediate link 1 are provided.
The connecting pin 13 connecting the first and the first pins 11 has a taper of 15 degrees or less at the tip of the pin, and has a structure without a flange at the other end. According to the above configuration, the tip of the connecting pin connecting the four-bar link, the intermediate link and the axle is tapered, so that the connecting pin can be easily inserted and the connecting pin does not have a flange. Therefore, when the head of the connecting pin is hit with a hammer or the like at the time of adjusting the gauge width, the connecting pin can easily come out downward.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first or third aspect, the four-node links 4a, 4b, 14a, 14
b, 5a and 5b are characterized in that the width B2 of the lower surface plate is made smaller than the width B1 of the upper surface plate. According to the above configuration, the four-bar links 4a, 4b, 14a, 14b, 5
The a and 5b do not interfere with the axles 1 and 1A and are not damaged even when the crawler frames 2 and 3 rotate when adjusting the cage width.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the construction of the first or third aspect, the traveling motors 63, 63 attached to the crawler frames 2, 3 are attached so as to cover the hydraulic pipes 62, 62). Fixed covers 60, 60 and a movable cover 61 having one end connected to the fixed covers 60, 60 and the other end attached to the crawler frames 2, 3 and arranged to cover the hydraulic pipes 62, 62. , 61 are provided. According to the above configuration, the hydraulic pipes 62, 62 connected to the swivel joint and the traveling motors 63, 64 do not come into contact with earth and sand. Therefore, the hydraulic pipes 62, 62 do not break when the crawler frames 2, 3 are expanded or contracted or come into contact with soil or the like during work, so that the durability is improved.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the method for adjusting the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames by using the running force of the construction machine, the method for reducing the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames includes: 1) Pull out the connecting pin connecting the lever of the 4-bar link and the intermediate link. (2) Run backward with the idler forward with the 4-bar link and the intermediate link free. (3) Rotate the four-bar link by running backward (4) and
The work of reducing the gauge width of the crawler frame is completed by positioning the lever of the 4-bar link in the connecting hole of the intermediate link and connecting with the connecting pin. When expanding the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames, (5) Section 4 Pull out the connecting pin connecting the link lever and the intermediate link. (6) Run forward with the idler forward with the four-bar link and the intermediate link free. (9) With this forward running, (10) rotating the joint link, and positioning the lever of the four-joint link in the connecting hole of the intermediate link and connecting the link with the connecting pin to complete the work of increasing the gauge width of the crawler frame. And According to the method of expanding and contracting the crawler frame of the construction machine described above, the gauge width of the crawler frame can be easily adjusted by running the vehicle without using a hydraulic cylinder as in the related art. Yes, the cost is low.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of adjusting the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames using the excavating force of the working machine of the construction machine, wherein the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames is reduced. Is
(1) Pull out the connecting pin connecting the lever of the four-bar link and the intermediate link, (2) Point the work machine toward the front or rear of the vehicle, (3) Excavate in the F direction by the work machine, ( 4) In the crawler frame, F2
(5) And the lever of the four-link is positioned in the connection hole of the intermediate link and connected by the connection pin to complete the work of reducing the gauge width of the crawler frame. When widening the gauge width of the crawler frame, (6) pull out the connecting pin connecting the four-bar link and the intermediate link, (7) turn the vehicle to the work machine in the opposite direction to (2), 8) Excavation in the F direction by the working machine. (9) The crawler frame is widened by the reaction force in the F1 direction due to the excavation. (10)
The lever of the four-link is positioned in the connection hole of the intermediate link and connected by the connection pin to complete the work of increasing the gauge width of the crawler frame. According to the method for expanding and contracting the crawler frame of the construction machine described above,
Since the gauge width of the crawler frame can be easily adjusted by the excavating force of the working machine without using a hydraulic cylinder as in the related art, the structure is simple and the cost is low.

An eleventh invention is a method for expanding and contracting a crawler frame of a construction machine in which the gauge width of a left and right crawler frame is adjusted by using the excavation force of a working machine of a construction machine. (1) Pull out the connecting pin connecting the lever of the four-bar link on the crawler frame side to be reduced and the intermediate link, (2) Point the work machine to the left (or right) side of the vehicle, (3) Work Activate the machine downward to lift the crawler frame,
(4) The work machine is dumped in the F direction. (5) The axle is moved rightward (or leftward) by the reaction force in the F3 direction due to the dumping operation to reduce the crawler frame. 6) And the lever of the four-bar link is positioned in the connecting hole of the intermediate link and connected by the connecting pin to complete the work of reducing the gauge width of the crawler frame. To increase the gauge width of the crawler frame, (7) Pull out the connecting pin that connects the four-link and intermediate link on the crawler frame side to be reduced, (8) turn the work machine to the left (or right) side of the vehicle, (9) operate the work machine downward (10) tilt the work implement in the F direction, and (11) move the axle to the left (or right) by the reaction force in the F4 direction acting on the axle by the tilt operation. (12) And the lever of the four-link is positioned in the connection hole of the intermediate link and connected with the connection pin to complete the work of widening the gauge width of the crawler frame. It is characterized by. According to the method for expanding and contracting the crawler frame of the construction machine described above, the gauge width of the crawler frame can be easily adjusted by the excavating force of the working machine without using a hydraulic cylinder as in the related art. Yes, the cost is low.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for expanding and contracting a crawler frame of a construction machine in which the gage width of a left and right crawler frame is adjusted by using the turning force of the construction machine. The work machine is actuated downward to lift the crawler frame. (2) Next, pull out the connecting pin connecting the lever of the 4-bar link and the intermediate link. (3) The 4-bar link and the intermediate link are free. (4) The axle moves leftward (or rightward) due to the reaction force acting in the direction of F5 due to the rightward rotation. To reduce the right crawler frame. (5) Then, the work of reducing the gauge width of the crawler frame is completed by positioning the lever of the four-bar link in the connection hole of the intermediate link and connecting the lever with the connection pin. ) The work machine is operated downward to lift the crawler frame. (7) Then, the connecting pin connecting the lever of the 4-bar link and the intermediate link is removed. (8) The 4-bar link and the intermediate link are free. The upper revolving unit is turned left (or right) in the F direction in a state where it is turned. (9) The axle moves right (or left) due to the reaction force in the F6 direction due to the left turn. (10) Then, the lever of the four-link is positioned in the connection hole of the intermediate link and connected by the connection pin to complete the work of widening the gauge width of the crawler frame. , Characterized by being so. According to the method of expanding and contracting the crawler frame of the construction machine described above, the gauge width of the crawler frame can be easily adjusted by the turning force of the vehicle without using a hydraulic cylinder as in the related art, so that the structure is simple. Cost is low.

[0025]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A crawler frame expanding / contracting apparatus for a construction machine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the left and right crawler frames and the axle. FIG. 2 is an X view of FIG. FIG. 3 shows A in FIG.
It is -A sectional drawing. FIG. 4 is a Y view of FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. FIG. 6 is a Z view of FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the axle 1 and the left and right crawler frames 2 and 3 are connected to front links 4a and 4b and rear links 5 respectively.
a, 5b (hereinafter, referred to as four-bar links 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b). The front right end of the axle 1 is connected to one end of the four-bar link 4a by a pin 8c. The other end of the four-bar link 4a is the right crawler frame 2.
Is connected to the bracket 2a by a pin 8a. The front left end of the axle 1 is connected to one end of the four-bar link 4b by a pin 9c. The other end of the four-bar link 4b is connected to the bracket 3a of the left crawler frame 3 by a pin 9a. The right end on the rear side of this axle 1
It is connected to one end of the four-bar link 5a by a pin 8d.
The other end of the four-bar link 5a is connected to the bracket 2b of the right crawler frame 2 by a pin 8b. The left end on the rear side of the axle 1 is connected to one end of the four-bar link 5b and the pin 9
They are linked by d. The other end of the four-bar link 5b is connected to the bracket 3b of the left crawler frame 3 by a pin 9b. Idlers 21, 31 are attached to the front sides of the crawler frames 2, 3, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, levers 4c and 4d are provided integrally with the four-bar links 4a and 4b. The levers 4c and 4d are connected to the intermediate links 11, 11
And the engagement pins 12, 12. The intermediate links 11, 11 are provided with a connection hole 11a for widening the gauge and a connection hole 11b for reduction. The connecting pin 13 shown in FIG. 3 is inserted and fixed in the connecting hole 11a of the intermediate link 11, and the crawler frames 2, 3 are in a widened state. When the crawler frames 2 and 3 are reduced, the connecting pin 13 is inserted into the connecting hole 11b of the intermediate link 11 and fixed. Connecting pin 1 shown in FIG.
3 has a taper angle β of 15 degrees or less. Grooves 12a are formed on the outer periphery of the heads of the engaging pin 12 and the connecting pin 13.
13a is provided. The key plates 15, 15 are inserted into the grooves 12a, 13a. The key plates 15, 15 are connected to the levers 4c, 4 of the four-bar links 4a, 4b.
The engaging pin 12 and the connecting pin 13 are prevented from coming off by being fastened to the d or the axle 1 with the bolt 16. As shown in FIG. 5, the cross section of the four-bar link 4b is composed of upper and lower box cross sections S1 and S2, the lower box cross section width B2 is smaller than the upper box cross section width B1, and the lower box cross section S2. Is the upper box section S
It is eccentric and arranged smaller than 1. This allows
When the crawler frame 3 is contracted, the four-bar link 4b does not interfere with the axle 1 even if it rotates, so that it is not damaged. Other than the four-bar link 4b, four-bar links 4a, 5a,
5b has a similar structure.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the axle 1 has a cage reduction stopper 6a, 6b for regulating the rotation stroke of the four-joint link 4a, 4b, and the rotation of the four-joint link 5a, 5b. Widening stoppers 7a and 7b for regulating the stroke are provided. Each stopper 6
a, 6b, 7a, and 7b are disposed at the outer end of the axle 1 (on the side of the crawler frames 2 and 3). As shown in FIG. 4, the stoppers 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b are fastened to the axle 1 with bolts 17 via shims 18. The stoppers 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b are connected to the four-node links 4a, 4
Shims can be adjusted so as to abut at predetermined positions with b, 5a, and 5b. As described above, the right crawler frame 2 and the axle 1 are connected to the four-bar link 4a and the four-bar link 5a with the pin 8
a, 8b, 8c, 8d, and the left crawler frame 3 and the axle 1 are connected by pins 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d by four-joint links 4b, 5b to form a 4-joint parallel link. .

As shown in FIG. 1, a right running motor 63 and a left running motor 64 are attached to the crawler frames 2 and 3, respectively. These traveling motors 63, 64
Hydraulic pipes 62, 62 for supplying pressure oil to are connected to an operation valve (not shown) via a swivel joint 43.
These hydraulic pipes 62, 62 are covered with fixed covers 60, 60 and movable covers 61, 61 so that soil and the like do not come into contact. As shown in FIG.
3, 64, hydraulic piping 62, 62, fixed covers 60, 6
0, the movable covers 61, 61 are symmetrical left and right, and according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 in the Z view of FIG. 1, the hydraulic pipe 62, the fixed cover 60, and the movable cover 61 of the left traveling motor 64
This will be described with reference to the configuration. A fixed cover 60 that covers the hydraulic piping 62 is attached to the axle 1. One end of the movable cover 61 is connected to the fixed cover 60 by a pin 60a, and the other end is connected to a bracket 3c fixed to the crawler frame 3 by a pin 61a. Here the movable cover 6
1 is a crawler frame 3, an axle 1, a four-link 5b
And the pins 9b, 9d, 60a, 61a constitute a four-node parallel link. The configuration of the hydraulic pipe 62, the fixed cover 60, and the movable cover 61 of the right traveling motor 63 is such that one end of the movable cover 61 is
a, and the other end is connected to a bracket 2c fixed to the crawler frame 3 by a pin 61a. Here, the movable cover 61 includes the crawler frame 2, the axle 1, and the four-link 5a, and the pins 8b, 8d, 60a,
61a constitutes a four-section parallel link.

Next, the operation of FIGS. 1 to 6 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 shows the gauge width of the crawler frames 2 and 3 widened, and FIG.
Shows the gauge contraction state of. The axle 1 and the crawler frames 2 and 3 are two sets of four-links 4a, 4b, 5a,
5b, and the four-bar links 4a and 4b are connected to the connecting holes 1 provided in the intermediate links 11 and 11 for widening the gauge.
By selecting and connecting one of the connection holes 1a and the connection hole 11b for reduction, the gauge width of the crawler frames 2, 3 can be adjusted to be increased or decreased. The right crawler frame 2 shown in FIG. 7 is in a gauge reduced state.
a. The lever 4c of the four-bar link 4a
Is in an engaged state with the intermediate link 11 and the engaging pin 12. The intermediate link 11 shows a state where the connecting pin 13 is inserted into the gauge reducing connecting hole 11b shown in FIGS. As the four-bar link 4a rotates to the reduced state, the four-bar link 5a also rotates to the same reduced state. The axle 1 and the crawler frames 2 and 3 are firmly connected by two sets of left and right four-joint links 4a, 4b, 5a and 5b and intermediate links 11 and 11. Further, since there is no need to mount a hydraulic cylinder between the axle and the crawler frame as in the related art, there is no problem of oil leakage from the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic piping. Axle 1
Link 4a connecting the crawler frames 2 and 3 to
The center lines 4b, 5a, and 5b are set at 25 to 35 degrees with respect to the center line in the vehicle longitudinal direction when the gauge width is reduced in plan view. Accordingly, the turning moment acting on the four-bar link is sufficient, and the work of reducing the gauge can be performed smoothly. Also, a connecting pin 13 for connecting the four-bar links 4a, 4b, the intermediate links 11, 11, and the axle 1
Is tapered to 15 degrees or less, so that the connecting pin 13 can be easily inserted.
Since the structure 3 does not have a flange, if the head of the connecting pin 13 is hit with a hammer or the like at the time of adjusting the gauge width, the connecting pin 13 can be easily pulled down. Furthermore, the four-bar links 4a, 4
Since b, 5a, and 5b have a small lower portion as shown in FIG. 5, they do not interfere with the axle 1 and are not damaged even if they rotate when adjusting the gauge width of the crawler frames 2 and 3. Furthermore, the swivel joint 43 and the traveling motors 63, 64
When the gauge width of the crawler frames 2 and 3 is expanded or contracted, the movable covers 61 and 61 operate in parallel with the operation of the four-bar links 5a and 5b. It will not be damaged by contact with earth and sand. Also, since the stoppers 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b that contact the four-bar links 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b are provided on the axle 1 shown in FIG. Since it is not necessary to pay attention to the stopper when the width is enlarged or reduced, the expansion and contraction work can be performed efficiently. Stoppers 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b are axle 1
4, the shim 18 shown in FIG. 4 is easily adjusted. The vehicle height does not increase even if the gauge width of the crawler frame is reduced, so that there is no problem in transportability. As a result, the structure is simple and the durability is improved, and the cost is low because no hydraulic cylinder or the like is required.

Next, a method for expanding and contracting a crawler frame of a construction machine according to the present invention will be described. First, a method of expanding and contracting the crawler frame using the traveling force will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 with reference to FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b). The upper revolving unit is swiveled to position the counterweight on one of the right and left crawler frames, and the center of gravity is moved to the non-reduced crawler frame 3 to travel on the reduced crawler frame 2. It is not necessary to adjust the position by turning the upper revolving structure, especially on a road surface where driving is facilitated and traveling driving is possible. When reducing the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames, FIG.
As shown in (1), (1) Pull out the connecting pin 13 connecting the four-bar link 4a and the intermediate link 11. (2) With the four-bar link 4a and the intermediate link 11 free, the vehicle travels backward with the idlers 21, 31 forward. (3) The four-bar links 4a and 5a are rotated by the reverse travel. (4) Then, the lever 4c of the four-bar link 4a is positioned in the connection hole 11b of the intermediate link 11 and connected by the connection pin 13 to complete the work of reducing the gauge width of the crawler frame 2. The work of reducing the gauge width of the left crawler frame 3 can be performed in the same manner, and the description is omitted here. When widening the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames, as shown in FIG. 8B, (5) pull out the connecting pin 13 connecting the four-link 4a and the intermediate link 11. (6) The vehicle travels forward with the idlers 21 and 31 forward with the four-bar link 4a and the intermediate link 11 free. (7) The four-bar links 4a and 5a are rotated by this forward traveling. (8) Then, the lever 4c of the four-bar link 4a is positioned in the connecting hole 11a of the intermediate link 11 and connected by the connecting pin 13 to complete the work of increasing the gauge width of the crawler frame 2. The work of increasing the gauge width of the left crawler frame 3 can be performed in the same manner, and the description is omitted here. According to the method of expanding and contracting the crawler frame of the construction machine described above, the gauge width of the crawler frame can be easily adjusted by running the vehicle without using a hydraulic cylinder as in the related art. Yes, the cost is low.

A method of expanding and contracting the crawler frame using the excavating force of the working machine will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. When reducing the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames, as shown in FIG. 9A, (1) connect the connecting pins 13, 13 connecting the four-links 4 a, 4 b to the intermediate links 11, 11. Unplug. (2) Point the work implement toward the front or rear of the vehicle. (3) Excavate in the F direction using a work machine. (4) The crawler frames 2 and 3 have F
Reduction occurs due to the reaction in two directions. (5) And the levers 4c, 4 of the four-bar links 4a, 4b
d is positioned in the connection holes 11b, 11b of the intermediate links 11, 11, and connected by the connection pins 13, 13, thereby completing the work of reducing the gauge width of the crawler frames 2, 3. When expanding the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames, refer to FIG.
(6) As shown in (b), (6) Pull out the connecting pins 13, 13 connecting the four-bar links 4a, 4b and the intermediate links 11, 11. (7) The work machine is turned in the direction opposite to that of (2). (8) Excavate in the F direction using a work machine. (9) The crawler frames 2 and 3 have F
The reaction force expands in one direction. (10) And the lever 4c of the four-bar link 4a, 4b,
4d is positioned in the connecting holes 11a, 11a of the intermediate links 11, 11 and connected by the connecting pins 13, 13 to complete the work of widening the gauge width of the crawler frames 2, 3; According to the method, the gauge width of the crawler frame can be easily adjusted by the excavating force of the working machine without using the hydraulic cylinder as in the related art, so that the structure is simple and the cost is low.

Another method of expanding and contracting the crawler frame using the excavating force of the work machine will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b). To reduce the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames, refer to FIG.
As shown in (b), (1) Four-node link 4a on the crawler frame 2 side to be reduced
Pull out the connecting pin 13 connecting the and the intermediate link 11. (2) Point the work implement to the left (or right) side of the vehicle. (3) Operate the work machine downward to move the left crawler frame 3
Float. (4) The working machine is dumped in the F direction. (5) The axle 1 is moved rightward (or leftward) by the reaction force in the direction F3 by the dumping operation, and the right crawler frame 2 is reduced. (6) Then, the lever 4c of the four-bar link 4a is positioned in the connection hole 11b of the intermediate link 11 and connected by the connection pin 13 to complete the work of reducing the gauge width of the crawler frame 2. The work of reducing the gauge width of the left crawler frame 3 can be performed in the same manner, and the description is omitted here. When increasing the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames, as shown in FIG. 10A, (7) the four-bar links 4a on the crawler frame 2 side to be reduced
Pull out the connecting pin 13 connecting the and the intermediate link 11. (8) Point the work machine to the left side (or right side) of the vehicle. (9) Operate the work machine downward to move the left crawler frame 3
Float. (10) Tilt the work machine in the F direction. (11) The tilting operation causes a reaction force in the F4 direction to act on the axle 1 to move leftward (or rightward) to widen the right crawler frame 2. (12) Then, the lever 4c of the four-bar link 4a is positioned in the connection hole 11a of the intermediate link 11 and connected by the connection pin 13 to complete the work of increasing the gauge width of the crawler frame 2. The work of increasing the gauge width of the left crawler frame 3 can be performed in the same manner, and the description is omitted here. According to the method for expanding and contracting the crawler frame of the construction machine described above, the gauge width of the crawler frame can be easily adjusted by the excavating force of the working machine without using a hydraulic cylinder as in the related art. Yes, the cost is low.

A method of expanding and contracting the crawler frame using the turning force of the vehicle will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. When the gauge width of the right crawler frame is reduced, as shown in FIG. 11B, (1) the work machine is operated downward to
(2) Then, the connecting pin 13 connecting the lever 4c of the four-bar link 4a and the intermediate link 11 is pulled out. (3) The upper revolving unit turns right (or left) in the F direction with the four-bar link 4a and the intermediate link 11 free.
Let it. (4) The axle 1 moves leftward due to the reaction force in the F5 direction due to the right turn, and the right crawler frame 2 contracts. (5) Then, the lever 4c of the four-link 4a is positioned in the connection hole 11b of the intermediate link 11 and connected by the connection pin 13 to complete the work of reducing the gauge width of the crawler frame 2. The work of reducing the gauge width of the left crawler frame 3 can be performed in the same manner, and the description is omitted here. When widening the gauge width of the right crawler frame, as shown in FIG. 11A, (6) the work machine is operated downward to
(7) Next, the connecting pin 13 connecting the lever 4c of the four-bar link 4a and the intermediate link 11 is pulled out. (8) The upper revolving unit turns left (or right) in the F direction with the four-bar link 4a and the intermediate link 11 free.
Let it. (9) The axle 1 moves rightward (or leftward) due to the reaction force in the F6 direction due to the left turn, and the right crawler frame 2 widens. (10) Then, the lever 4c of the four-link 4a is positioned in the connection hole 11a of the intermediate link 11 and connected by the connection pin 13 to complete the work of increasing the gauge width of the crawler frame 2. The work of increasing the gauge width of the left crawler frame 3 can be performed in the same manner, and the description is omitted here. According to the method of expanding and contracting the crawler frame of the construction machine described above, the gauge width of the crawler frame can be easily adjusted by the turning force of the vehicle without using a hydraulic cylinder as in the related art, so that the structure is simple. Cost is low.

Next, a second embodiment of the crawler frame expanding / contracting apparatus for construction equipment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 in the first embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the intermediate link of the first embodiment is eliminated, and all other components have the same configuration as in FIGS. 1 to 6, and a description thereof will be omitted here. FIG. 12 shows the gauge width of the left crawler frame 3 in a widened state and the gauge width of the right crawler frame 2 in a reduced state. Only the method of fixing the four-bar links 14a and 14b to the axle 1A is different from that of the first embodiment, and the other parts are completely the same. Therefore, only this part will be described. The axle 1A is provided with connecting holes 1a and 1b on the pin 8c side and on the pin 9c side. The four-bar links 14a and 14b are integrally provided with levers 14c and 14d. As shown in FIG. 13, when the left crawler frame 3 is in the widened state, the lever 14d of the four-bar link 14b and the axle 1A are connected by the connecting pin 13 via the connecting hole 1a. Also,
When the right crawler frame 2 is in the contracted state, the lever 14c of the four-bar link 14a and the axle 1A are connected by the connecting pin 13 via the connecting hole 1b. The method of attaching and detaching the connection pin 13 and preventing the connection pin 13 from being removed are the same as those in FIG. 3 of the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

The operation of FIG. 12 will be described. The axle 1A and the crawler frames 2 and 3 are two sets of left and right four-bar links 14
a, 14b, 5a, 5b, and the four-bar links 14a, 14b are connected to the crawler frames 2, 3 by selecting and connecting one of a plurality of connection holes 1a, 1b provided in the axle 1A. The gauge width can be adjusted. The gauge widths of the crawler frames 2 and 3 can be enlarged and reduced by the same method as that described with reference to FIGS. 8A to 11B of the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. In the second embodiment, the intermediate links of the first embodiment are eliminated, and the four-bar links 14a and 14b are directly connected to the axle 1A. Thereby, the axle 1A and the crawler frames 2 and 3 are
The four-bar links 14a, 14b, 5a, 5b of the set are firmly connected, and the structure is simplified. Further, since there is no need to mount a hydraulic cylinder between the axle and the crawler frame as in the related art, there is no problem of oil leakage from the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic piping. Therefore, the structure is simple and the durability is improved, and the cost is low because no hydraulic cylinder is required.

Although the present invention has been described by taking a hydraulic excavator as an example, it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to other crawler frame expanding / contracting devices for construction machines and industrial vehicles.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a crawler frame enlarging / reducing device of a construction machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an X view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a Y view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a Z view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a diagram in which the gauge width of the right crawler frame is reduced.

FIG. 8A is an explanatory diagram of reducing a crawler frame by a running force, and FIG. 8B is an explanatory diagram of expanding a crawler frame by a running force.

FIG. 9A is an explanatory view of reducing the crawler frame by the excavating force of the working machine. (B) is an explanatory view of expanding the crawler frame by the excavating force of the working machine.

FIG. 10 (a) is an explanatory view of another example in which the crawler frame is widened by the excavating force of the working machine. (B) is explanatory drawing of another example which reduces a crawler frame by the excavation force of a working machine.

FIG. 11A is an explanatory view of widening a crawler frame by a turning force. (B) is an explanatory view of reducing a crawler frame by a turning force.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a crawler frame expanding / contracting device for a construction machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is an explanatory view of a first example of a conventional crawler frame enlarging / reducing device.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of a second example of a conventional crawler frame enlarging / reducing device.

FIG. 16 is a side view of the hydraulic excavator.

FIG. 17 is a front view of the hydraulic excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1A Axle 2 Right crawler frame 3 Left crawler frame 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 14a, 14b Four-node link 6a, 6b Reduction stopper 7a, 7b Widening stopper 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 1
2 Engagement pin 13 Connecting pin 11 Intermediate link 15 Key plate 18 Shim 60 Fixed cover 61 Movable cover 62 Hydraulic piping 63, 64 Traveling motor

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A four-joint link is provided between an axle and left and right crawler frames and between an axle and a crawler frame via a pin. A crawler frame expanding / contracting device for a construction machine for increasing or decreasing the gauge width of a crawler frame, one side of which is rotatably engaged with a four-joint link with an engaging pin, and the other side is used for widening the gauge width of an axle. A crawler frame expanding / contracting device for a construction machine, comprising an intermediate link that is connected by a connecting pin inserted into either the connecting hole or the reducing connecting hole and that changes an attachment angle of the four-bar link. 2. The crawler frame expanding / contracting device for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein each of said intermediate links is disposed on each of four left and right links. Expansion and contraction device. 3. A four-joint link is provided between each of the axle and the left and right crawler frames and between the axle and the crawler frame via a pin. A crawler frame expanding / contracting device for a construction machine, wherein the gauge width of the crawler frame is increased or decreased.
Joint link hole and axle gauge width connection hole,
Alternatively, a crawler frame expanding / contracting device for a construction machine, comprising a connecting pin inserted into one of the reducing connecting holes and changing a mounting angle of the four-bar link. 4. An axle is provided with a widening stopper on one side of each of the left and right four-bar links, which contacts the four-bar link when widening, and a reduction stopper on the other side, which comes into contact with the four-bar link when contracting. The crawler frame expanding / contracting device for a construction machine according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the crawler frame is provided. 5. The center line of the four-bar link connecting the axle and the crawler frame is set at 25 to 35 degrees with respect to the center line in the vehicle longitudinal direction when the gauge width is reduced in plan view. The crawler frame expansion / contraction device for a construction machine according to claim 1 or 3, wherein 6. The crawler frame expanding / contracting device according to claim 1, wherein the connecting pin connecting the axle and the intermediate link has a taper of 15 degrees or less at a pin tip. A crawler frame expanding / contracting device for a construction machine, characterized in that the crawler frame has no flange at the other end. 7. The crawler frame expanding / contracting device for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the four-node link is formed such that a width of a lower surface plate is smaller than a width of an upper surface plate. Crawler frame expansion and contraction device for construction machinery. 8. A fixed cover attached to the crawler frame so as to cover a hydraulic pipe of the traveling motor, one end of the fixed cover is connected to the fixed cover, and the other end is attached to the crawler frame. The crawler frame expanding / contracting device for a construction machine according to claim 1 or 3, further comprising: a movable cover disposed so as to cover the hydraulic piping. 9. A method for adjusting the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames by using the running force of the construction machine, wherein when the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames is reduced, (1) 4. Pull out the connecting pin connecting the lever of the node link and the intermediate link, (2)
The vehicle travels backward with the idler forward with the four-bar link and the intermediate link free. (3) The four-bar link is rotated by this reverse travel. (4) The lever of the four-bar link is moved to the intermediate link. Work is completed by reducing the gauge width of the crawler frame by positioning it in the connection hole and connecting it with the connection pin. (5) When widening the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames, (6) The vehicle travels forward with the idler forward with the four-link and the intermediate link being free. (9) The four-link is rotated by this forward travel. (10) The crawler frame of the construction machine is characterized in that the lever of the four-bar link is positioned in the connection hole of the intermediate link and connected by the connection pin to complete the work of increasing the gauge width of the crawler frame. Scaling method. 10. A method of adjusting the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames by using the excavating force of the working machine of the construction machine, wherein when the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames is reduced, 1) Pull out the connecting pin connecting the lever of the four-bar link and the intermediate link. (2) Point the work machine forward or backward of the vehicle. (3) Excavate in the F direction by the work machine. ) The crawler frame is reduced by the reaction force in the direction of F2 due to the excavation. (5) The lever of the four-link is positioned in the connection hole of the intermediate link and connected by the connection pin to connect the gauge of the crawler frame. Work to reduce the width is completed,
When increasing the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames,
(6) Pull out the connecting pin connecting the four-bar link and the intermediate link. (7) Point the work machine in the direction opposite to (2). (8) Excavate in the F direction by the work machine. (9)
The crawler frame is widened by the reaction force in the F1 direction due to the excavation. (10) And the lever of the four-bar link is positioned in the connection hole of the intermediate link and connected by the connection pin to connect the gauge width of the crawler frame. The method of expanding a crawler frame of a construction machine, wherein the widening operation is completed. 11. A method of expanding and contracting a crawler frame of a construction machine in which the gauge width of a left and right crawler frame is adjusted by using the excavating force of a working machine of a construction machine, when the gauge width of the crawler frame is reduced, (1) Pull out the connecting pin connecting the lever of the four-bar link on the crawler frame side to be reduced and the intermediate link, (2) turn the work machine to the left (or right) side of the vehicle, (3) lower the work machine (4) Dump the work machine in the F direction. (5) The axle moves rightward (or leftward) due to the reaction force acting in the F3 direction due to the dumping operation. To reduce the crawler frame,
(6) Then, the work of reducing the gauge width of the crawler frame is completed by positioning the lever of the four-bar link in the connection hole of the intermediate link and connecting with the connection pin. ) Pull out the connecting pin connecting the four-link and the intermediate link on the crawler frame side to be reduced. (8) Left side (or right side) of the vehicle
(9) Operate the work machine downward to lift the crawler frame, (10) Tilt the work machine in the F direction, (11) Operate the axle in the F4 direction by the tilt operation. When the force is applied, the crawler frame moves leftward (or rightward) to widen the crawler frame. (12)
And a crawler frame expanding / contracting method for a construction machine, wherein the four-bar link lever is positioned in the connecting hole of the intermediate link and connected by the connecting pin to complete the work of increasing the gauge width of the crawler frame. . 12. A method of adjusting the gauge width of the left and right crawler frames by using the turning force of the construction machine. Actuate downward to lift the crawler frame. (2) Next, pull out the connecting pin connecting the lever of the four-link and the intermediate link. (3) With the four-link and the intermediate link free. Turn the upper revolving unit clockwise (or counterclockwise) in the F direction
(4) The axle moves leftward (or rightward) due to the reaction force in the F5 direction due to the right turn, and the right crawler frame is reduced. (5) Then, the work of reducing the gauge width of the crawler frame is completed by positioning the lever of the four-bar link in the connection hole of the intermediate link and connecting the lever with the connection pin. ) The work machine is operated downward to lift the crawler frame. (7) Then, the connecting pin connecting the lever of the 4-bar link and the intermediate link is removed, (8) 4
The upper revolving structure is turned left (or right) in the F direction with the joint link and the intermediate link being free. (9) The axle is driven rightward by the reaction force acting in the F6 direction due to the left turn. (Or leftward) to widen the right crawler frame. (10) Then, the lever of the four-bar link is positioned in the connection hole of the intermediate link and connected by the connection pin to widen the gauge width of the crawler frame. A method for enlarging and reducing a crawler frame of a construction machine, wherein the method is completed.