JPH10263367A - Deodorization device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to effectively deodorize raw gases of a high oxidation temp. by providing the device with heat resistant members having single or plural fine pore parts for passing the raw gases and heating elements as catalysts for heating the inside of the fine pore parts of these heat resistant members and thermally oxidizing the raw gases passing the fine pore parts, thereby making the gases odorless. SOLUTION: A case 14 provided with an inlet side aperture 14A for taking in the raw gases 4 and an outlet side aperture 14B for releasing the deodorized gases 5 is internally provided with the heat resistant members 11 and a moving means 13. The single or plural fine pore parts 11A for passing the raw gases 4 are formed at the heat resistant members 11 for deodorizing the raw gases 4. These parts are respectively provided with the heating elements 12 as the catalysts to enable the local heating of the inside of the fine pore parts 11A. Preferably wire-shaped or coil-shaped platinum, cobalt, etc., are used for the heating elements 12. The moving means 13 forcibly moves the raw gases from the inlet side aperture 14A to the outlet side aperture 14b and releases the deodorized gases cleaned by the thermal oxidation treatment of the raw gases 4 passing the fine pore parts 11A to the outside.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a deodorizing apparatus suitable for use in a small indoor deodorizing apparatus, an automobile exhaust gas deodorizing apparatus, and the like. More specifically, a pore portion having a catalytic function is provided on the heat insulating member, and the raw gas having a high catalyst ignition point can be deodorized by allowing the raw gas to pass while the pore portion is locally heated. Also, the present invention relates to a deodorizing device capable of reducing the size of the entire device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, deodorizing apparatuses have been used in semiconductor manufacturing factories and chemical factories to maintain a clean environment. In a factory deodorizer, the raw gas is deodorized in a high temperature range. For example, a raw gas with a bad smell generated in a chemical reaction chamber is directly burned and thermally oxidized. In general, in the deodorizing apparatus by the direct combustion method, since the amount handled at a time is large, the heat insulating structure becomes large and the entire apparatus becomes large. It is known that when a catalyst is used for the deodorization treatment, deodorization can be performed at a lower temperature than in the direct combustion method.

On the other hand, a deodorizing device is also used at home to purify indoor air. In a household deodorizer, the raw gas is deodorized at normal temperature (low temperature range). As an apparatus capable of deodorizing treatment in a low temperature range, an adsorption type, a chemical reaction type, an ozone catalyst type, a photocatalyst type and the like are known.

FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a conventional adsorption-type deodorizing apparatus. As shown in FIG.
Is composed of an adsorbent 2 and a gas moving unit 3 provided in a case 1. The case 1 has an inlet opening 1A for taking in the raw gas 4 and an outlet opening 1B for discharging the deodorized gas 5.
Are provided. An adsorbent 2 is provided in the inlet opening 1A, and the raw gas 4 is deodorized. Activated carbon or the like is used for the adsorbent 2. The outlet side opening 1B is provided with a gas moving section (gas blowing section) 3 composed of a fan 3A and a motor 3B, and clean deodorized gas 5 is discharged to the outside.

Next, the operation of the adsorption type deodorizing apparatus 10 will be described. For example, the raw gas 4 having a bad smell is sucked into the inlet side opening 1A of the device 10 by the rotation of the fan 3A. As a result, the odor components contained in the raw gas 4 are deodorized by the adsorbent 2. Some adsorbents 2 cannot be adsorbed depending on the type of the raw gas 4. The clean deodorizing gas 5 from which the offensive odor component has been removed is radiated to the outside from the outlet side opening 1B of the device 10 by the rotation of the fan 3A.

[0006] As described above, the adsorption type deodorizing apparatus 10 is characterized in that the raw gas 4 having a bad odor can be converted into the clean deodorizing gas 5 and the structure is simple.

[0007]

However, since the conventional adsorption-type deodorizing apparatus has a structure used at normal temperature, the conventional adsorbing type deodorizing apparatus requires 200
It cannot be applied to gas that is deodorized at high temperature around 前後 C. For this reason, there is a problem that ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, trimethylamine, methyl mercaptan and the like, which are called the four major malodors, cannot be deodorized in a defensive manner.

If the raw gas 4 having a high oxidation temperature is to be deodorized by a thermal oxidation method or the like, the heat insulation structure becomes large like a direct combustion device installed in a factory or the like.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a deodorizing apparatus capable of effectively deodorizing a raw gas having a high oxidation temperature even when the heat insulating structure is downsized.

[0010]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in a first deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention, a heat-resistant member having one or a plurality of fine pores through which a raw gas passes, and a thin heat-resistant member having a small diameter. A heating element as a catalyst for heating the inside of the hole is provided, and the raw gas passing through the hole is thermally oxidized to be deodorized.

In the first deodorizing apparatus of the present invention, a heating element made of, for example, a platinum wire formed in a coil shape is arranged in a pore portion for thermally oxidizing a raw gas, and electricity is supplied to the heating element for 300 to 300 mm.
Raise the temperature to about 400 ° C.

As a result, the raw gas (2
(Around 00 を C) can be thermally oxidized, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide,
Raw gases such as trimethylamine and methyl mercaptan can be effectively deodorized.

Since it is not necessary to heat the portions other than the pores, a large heat insulating structure is not required, and the entire apparatus can be downsized.

In the second deodorizing apparatus of the present invention, since the inner wall of the pores of the heat-resistant member is subjected to the surface treatment with the catalyst, the catalytic function for the raw gas can be enhanced. Therefore, the first
As in the case of the deodorizer of the above, the raw gas having a high oxidation temperature can be effectively deodorized despite its small size.

In the third deodorizing apparatus of the present invention, a heat-resistant member mixed with a catalyst is used as the heat-resistant member.
The catalytic function for the raw gas can be enhanced in the same manner as in the deodorizing apparatus. Therefore, similarly to the second deodorizing device, the raw gas having a high oxidation temperature can be effectively deodorized despite its small size.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a deodorizing apparatus as an embodiment. In this embodiment, a pore portion having a catalytic function is provided in the heat insulating member, and the raw gas is passed while the pore portion is locally heated, so that the raw gas having a high oxidation temperature can be deodorized. In addition, the entire device can be downsized.

As shown in FIG. 1, a deodorizing apparatus 100 according to an embodiment includes a heat-resistant member 11 provided in a case 14.
And moving means 13. The case 14 is provided with an inlet opening 14A for taking in the raw gas 4 and an outlet opening 14B for discharging the deodorized gas 5.

A heat-resistant member 11 is provided at the inlet side opening 14A, and the raw gas 4 is deodorized. The heat-resistant member 11 is provided with one or a plurality of pores 11A for passing the raw gas 4. The pore portion 11A has a length L and an inner diameter d.

A heating element 1 as a catalyst is provided in the pores 11A.
2 are provided, and the inside of the pore portion 11A is locally heated.
For the heating element 12, for example, platinum formed in a coil shape is used. Current is supplied from both ends a and b of the heating element 12.

A moving means 13 is provided at the outlet side opening 14B of the heat resistant member 11, and the raw gas 4 is forcibly moved from the inlet side opening 14A to the outlet side opening 14B. At this time, the raw gas 4 passing through the pores 11A is subjected to a thermal oxidation treatment to be deodorized. Thereby, the clean deodorized gas 5 is released to the outside.

As described above, the deodorizing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment
In the above, current is supplied to the heating element 12 provided in the pore portion 11A of the heat-resistant member 11, and the heating element 12
It is only necessary to raise the temperature to about 400 ° C. Therefore, since it is not necessary to heat the portion other than the fine pore portion 11A, a large heat insulating structure is not required, and the entire apparatus can be downsized.

In this embodiment, since the temperature inside the pores 11A rises to about 300 to 400 ° C., the raw gas 4 having a high oxidation temperature of about 200 ° C. as well as the indoor odor is almost completely eliminated. Thermal oxidation can be performed, and raw gases such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, trimethylamine, and methyl mercaptan, which are called four major malodors, can be effectively deodorized.

(Embodiment) FIG. 2 is a view showing a configuration of a platinum catalyst type deodorizing apparatus 200 as an embodiment. In FIG. 2, a platinum catalyst type deodorizing apparatus 200 includes a ceramic body 21 and a gas moving section 23 provided in a case 14. A ceramic body 21 as the heat-resistant member 11 is provided in the inlet side opening 14A, and the raw gas 4 is deodorized. The size of the ceramic body 21 is 30 cm in length in this example,
The width is 30 cm and the length (thickness of the ceramic body) L is 10
cm. The ceramic body 21 has an inner diameter d of 4 m.
At approximately mφ, 24 × 24 through holes (pores) 21A are opened in a honeycomb shape, and the raw gas 4 is passed therethrough. FIG. 2 shows a case of 4 × 4 rows in order to clarify the state in the through holes 21A.

A heating element 1 is provided in each through hole 21A.
2, a coil-shaped platinum wire 22 is provided. The diameter of the platinum wire 22 is about 0.1 to 0.2 mmφ. When electricity is supplied from both ends a and b of the platinum wire 22, the through hole 21A
The inside is heated to about 300 to 400 ° C. Platinum wire 22
Instead, coiled cobalt, nickel, chromium or titanium oxide may be used. This is because these also function as catalysts. Outlet opening 1 of ceramic body 21
4B is provided with a gas moving unit 23. Gas transfer unit 23
Is composed of a fan 23A and a motor 23B.

Next, the operation of the platinum catalyst type deodorizing apparatus 200 will be described. For example, the present apparatus 200 is placed in an environment with a bad smell such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, trimethylamine, and methyl mercaptan. Thereafter, power is supplied to the platinum wire 22 to turn on the motor 23A. Then, these raw gases 4 are sucked into the inlet opening 14A of the apparatus 200 by the rotation of the fan 23A. By this suction, the raw gas 4 is drawn into each through hole 21A of the ceramic body 21.

For example, at the flow velocity V, the raw gas 4 passes through the through hole 21A. At this time, platinum wire 22
As a result, the inside of the through hole 21A is heated to about 300 to 400 ° C., so that the raw gas 4 is thermally oxidized. In order to bring the raw gas 4 into contact with the platinum wire 22 in a large amount, it is preferable that the raw gas 4 be turbulent and pass through the through hole 21A. This is because the more contact with the platinum wire 22, the more the malodorous component is thermally decomposed and the more the deodorizing effect is improved.

As a result, the clean deodorizing gas 5 from which the offensive odor component is thermally decomposed is discharged to the outside from the outlet side opening 14B of the apparatus 200 by the rotation of the fan 23A.

As described above, the platinum-catalyst-type deodorizing apparatus 200 of this embodiment can convert the raw gas 4 having a bad odor into the clean deodorizing gas 5 and, furthermore, has a small heat-resistant member (length × width =
Even if 35 × 35 cm ² ) 11 is used, a large number of through holes 21A can be provided in this, so that a sufficient deodorizing effect can be obtained even with a small size. Therefore, the size of the deodorizing device can be reduced.

In this embodiment, the temperature in the through hole 21A rises to about 300 to 400 ° C., so that ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, trimethylamine, methyl mercaptan, etc. whose oxidation temperature is about 200 ° C. can be almost completely removed. Can deodorize. In particular, the platinum wire 22 has excellent oxidation resistance, high temperature resistance, and stability, and has a long life as the heating element 12. By forming the platinum wire 22 in a coil shape, the probability of contacting the raw gas 4 with the platinum wire 22 can be increased.

Next, referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the flow velocity V at which the raw gas 4 is in a turbulent state and the length L of the through hole 21A are calculated. FIG. 3A shows a turbulent state of the raw gas 4 in the through hole 21A, and FIG. 3B shows a laminar flow state of the raw gas 4.

The flow velocity V of the raw gas 4 in the through-hole 21A is turbulent state as shown in FIG. 3A (1), _{i.e., V = Re c · μ ·} R · T / (d · p) · .. given by (1) In FIG. 3A, the arrow indicates the direction of the velocity vector. Here, when the raw gas 4 is air, the inner diameter d of the through hole 21A is 4 mmφ,
The flow velocity V when the temperature θ in the through hole 21A is 350 ° C. is calculated.

[0033] However, Re _c is the critical Reynolds number,
This is a constant when the raw gas 4 in the through hole 21A changes from the laminar state shown in FIG. 3B to the turbulent state shown in FIG. 3A.
When the through-hole 21A is a circular tube, the minimum value of the critical Reynolds constant Re _c is 2320. Ceramic body 21
The inner diameter d of the consideration of the relative value epsilon / d between roughness epsilon of its inner wall, the critical Reynolds number Re _c becomes 3000.

This value is obtained by modifying the critical Reynolds constant as a state in which turbulence is most unlikely to occur. The roughness ε of the inner wall of the ceramic body 1 is an average value of the height of the irregular projections in the pipe wall, and is equivalent to that of a concrete pipe. The roughness ε of the inner wall of the concrete pipe is about 0.31 to 3.05. ε =
When it is 0.31, turbulence is most unlikely to occur.
Ε = 0.31 is substituted for the relative value ε / d. This relative value ε
When modifying the Re _c = 2320 by /d=0.0775, Re _c becomes 3000.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the kinematic viscosity coefficient μ of air and the temperature θ. In FIG. 4, the vertical axis is a semi-log scale, and indicates the kinematic viscosity coefficient μkgf · sec / m ² of air. The horizontal axis is a scale of equal division, and the air temperature θ 温度 C
Is shown. According to FIG. 4, at a temperature θ = 350 ° C., the kinematic viscosity coefficient μ of the air is 3.3 × 10 ⁻⁶ kgf · sec / m.
² is obtained. 3.37 × 10 ^-7 k in MKS units
g / sec · m ² .

R is a gas constant, which is 287 J / kgf · K in the case of air. T is through hole 21A
And (273 + θ) K. p is standard atmospheric pressure, 1 atm (760 mmHg, 101.
³ kPa = 101.3 × 10 ³ N / m ² ).

When these numerical values are substituted into the equation (1),
The flow velocity V is 0.446 m / sec. Therefore, V =
If it is 0.5 m / sec or more, the inside of the through hole 21A can be set as a turbulent flow area. Thereby, the raw gas 4 and the platinum wire 22 can be reliably brought into contact. By the way, when the boundary velocity Vc, which is the boundary between the laminar flow region and the turbulent flow region, is calculated using the critical Reynolds constant = 2320, Vc is about 0.34 m / sec.

Next, based on the flow velocity V of the raw gas 4, the length L of the through hole 21A of the ceramic body 21 is calculated by the following equation (2).
That is, L = α · V · t (2) Here, α is a weighting factor for allowing a margin for the catalytic reaction. t is the contact time between the raw gas 4 and the catalyst. The raw gas 4 reacts with the catalyst if it touches 0.02 sec (experience value). If the weight coefficient α is 1, the thickness L of the ceramic body 21 is 0.01 m. If the weight coefficient α is set to 10 in consideration of the margin of the catalytic reaction, the length L of the through hole 21A is 0.1 m. Therefore, the thickness L of the ceramic body 21 may be selected to be about 1 to 10 cm.

(Other Embodiment) FIG. 5 is a view showing the structure of a ceramic body 31 as another embodiment. In FIG. 5, the ceramic body 31 is provided with a through hole 31A having a smaller inner diameter and a greatly increased numerical aperture as compared with the above-described ceramic body 21. Unlike the ceramic body 21, a platinum wire 32 as the heating element 12 is provided in the through hole 31.
Are provided linearly. Cobalt instead of platinum wire 32,
Nickel or chromium may be used in the form of a line.

In this embodiment, since the number of through holes 31A is increased and the linear platinum wire 32 is used, the amount of platinum used can be reduced. Therefore, the cost of the deodorizing device 200 can be reduced.

FIG. 6 shows a ceramic body 4 as another embodiment.
1 is a diagram showing a configuration of FIG. In FIG. 6, platinum 42 is surface-treated on the inner wall of the through hole 41A of the ceramic body 41. For example, platinum 42 is supported on gamma-alumina on the inner wall of the through hole 41A, and in this state, the ceramic body 41 is subjected to an enamel baking process.
Thus, platinum 42 is formed on the inner wall of through hole 41A.

In this embodiment, the catalytic function is further enhanced by the platinum 42 surface-treated inside the through-hole 41A, and the thermal oxidation treatment of the raw gas 4 passing through the through-hole 41A can be further improved.

In this embodiment, the inside of the through hole 41A can be heated by a cobalt wire, a nickel wire, a chromium wire, a titanium oxide wire or the like instead of the platinum wire 32 described above. For this reason, since the amount of platinum used can be reduced, the cost can be reduced.

FIG. 7 shows a ceramic body 5 as another embodiment.
1 is a diagram showing a configuration of FIG. In FIG. 7, a powdery platinum 52 is mixed in a ceramic body 51. For example, platinum 52 is mixed and kneaded with gamma-alumina, and then sintered. Thus, the ceramic body 51 mixed with the platinum 52 is formed.

In this embodiment, the catalytic function is enhanced by the platinum 52 mixed in the ceramic body 51, and the thermal oxidation of the raw gas 4 passing through the through hole 51A can be further improved.

In place of the above-mentioned platinum 52, cobalt, nickel, chromium, titanium oxide or the like may be mixed with the ceramic body 51. As a result, the deodorizing apparatus 200 can be formed without using platinum at all, so that significant cost reduction can be achieved.

FIG. 8 shows a ceramic body 6 as another embodiment.
1 is a diagram showing a configuration of FIG. 8, a protrusion 62 is provided on the inner wall of the through hole 61A of the ceramic body 61. For example, gamma-alumina is kneaded, and then put into a mold in which the irregularities of the through-hole 61A are formed and sintered. At this time, the through hole 61A
Mold with half body shape and through holes 6 on both sides
A mold with a 1A half body shape is used. By combining the sintered bodies, a ceramic body 61 having a convex protrusion 62 as shown in FIG. 8 is formed.

In this embodiment, a convex protrusion 62 is provided inside the through hole 61A, so that turbulence is easily generated. For this reason, the probability that the raw gas 4 passing through the through hole 61A comes into contact with the above-mentioned platinum wire or the like is increased, and the thermal oxidation treatment by the catalyst can be further improved. Instead of the platinum wire described above, a cobalt wire, a nickel wire, a chrome wire, a titanium oxide wire, or the like may be used.

In this embodiment, the case where the heat-resistant member 11 is constituted by the ceramic bodies 21, 31, 41, 51, 61 has been described. However, instead of such a ceramic body, the heat-resistant member 11 is constituted by red brick or white brick. You may.

[0050]

As described above, in the deodorizing apparatus of the present invention, one or more pores are provided in the heat-resistant member, and the raw gas is passed through the pores in a state where the pores are heated. Thereby, it was made to be odorless by thermal oxidation treatment.

With such a configuration, the inside of the pores can be locally heated to about 300 to 400 ° C. by a platinum wire or the like, so that it is not necessary to particularly heat other than the pores. Therefore, a large heat insulating structure is not required, and the entire apparatus can be downsized.

In the deodorizing apparatus of the present invention, a raw gas having a high oxidation temperature can be effectively thermally oxidized, and thereby a raw gas such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, trimethylamine and methyl mercaptan can be effectively deodorized.

Such a deodorizing device is extremely suitable for application to a small indoor deodorizing device, a vehicle exhaust gas deodorizing device, and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a deodorizing device as an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a deodorizing device as an embodiment.

FIG. 3A shows a turbulent state in a through hole 21A;
B is a sectional view showing the laminar flow state.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the kinematic viscosity coefficient μ of air and the temperature θ.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a ceramic body 31 as another embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a ceramic body 41 as another embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a ceramic or the like 51 as another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a ceramic body 61 as another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a conventional adsorption-type deodorizing device.

[Description of Signs] 1,14 Cases 1A, 14A Inlet opening 1B, 14B Outlet opening 2 Adsorbent 3,23 Gas moving unit 3A, 23A Fan 3B, 23B Motor 4 Raw gas 5 Deodorizing gas 10 Adsorption type deodorizing Apparatus 11 Heat resistant member 11A Micropore 12 Heating element 13 Moving means 21, 31, 41, 51, 61 Ceramic body 21A, 31A, 41A, 51A, 61A Through hole 22 Platinum wire 32 Linear platinum wire 42 Platinum 52 Powder Of platinum 62 convex protrusions 100 deodorizer 200 platinum catalyst type deodorizer

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI B01J 23/42 B01J 23/74 311A 23/75 321A 23/755

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A heat-resistant member having one or a plurality of pores through which a raw gas passes, and a heating element as a catalyst for heating the inside of the pores of the heat-resistant member, A deodorizing device characterized in that a gas is thermally oxidized to be deodorized. 2. The deodorizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a linear or coiled platinum, cobalt, nickel, chromium, or titanium oxide is used as the heating element. 3. A heat-resistant member having one or more pores through which raw gas passes, and a heating element for heating the inside of the pores of the heat-resistant member, wherein at least the inner wall of the pores of the heat-resistant member has A deodorizer characterized by being surface-treated with a catalyst. 4. A heat-resistant member having one or more pores through which raw gas passes, and a heating element for heating the inside of the pores of the heat-resistant member, wherein the heat-resistant member is a heat-resistant material containing a catalyst. A deodorizing device characterized by using a member. 5. The deodorizer according to claim 3, wherein platinum, cobalt, nickel, chromium or titanium oxide is used as the catalyst. 6. The heat-resistant member according to claim 1, wherein irregularities are provided in the pores of the heat-resistant member, and turbulence is easily generated in the pores. Deodorizing device. 7. A moving means for ejecting raw gas from an inlet side to an outlet side of a pore portion of the heat-resistant member is provided. Deodorizing device. 8. The flow velocity V of the raw gas passing through the pores of the refractory member (1), _{i.e., V = Re c · μ ·} R · T / (d · p) ··· (1) [However, Re _c critical Reynolds number, mu is dynamic viscosity of the raw gas, R represents gas constant, T is the absolute temperature in the pores portion, d is the inner diameter of the pore portion, p is a standard atmospheric pressure. ]
Based on the flow rate V of the raw gas, the length L of the pore portion of the heat insulating member is expressed by the following equation (2): L = α · V · t (2) And t is the contact time between the raw gas and the catalyst. The deodorizing device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7.