JPH10251933A - Production of heat-expandable polyester staple - Google Patents
Production of heat-expandable polyester stapleInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10251933A JPH10251933A JP7056197A JP7056197A JPH10251933A JP H10251933 A JPH10251933 A JP H10251933A JP 7056197 A JP7056197 A JP 7056197A JP 7056197 A JP7056197 A JP 7056197A JP H10251933 A JPH10251933 A JP H10251933A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- temperature
- yarn
- fiber
- heat treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、加熱によって伸長
する性質を有し、紡績糸とし、製編織すれば、ソフト感
に優れた布帛を得ることができる熱伸長性ポリエステル
短繊維の製造法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a heat-extensible polyester short fiber which has the property of being stretched by heating, and can be used as a spun yarn to produce a fabric having a soft feeling when knitted and woven. Things.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】ポリエチレンテレフタレートに代表され
るポリエステル繊維は、衣料用、産業資材用等として幅
広く利用されている。ポリエステル繊維は、高配向、高
結晶性の特性を有するため、ハリ、コシなどの特性は優
れているが、ソフト感に代表される柔らかさについては
やや劣るという欠点を有している。布帛に柔らかさを付
与するために、熱処理によって伸長するポリエステル繊
維を使用する方法が知られており、このような熱伸長性
のポリエステル繊維は、その製造方法も含めて種々提案
されている。2. Description of the Related Art Polyester fibers represented by polyethylene terephthalate are widely used for clothing, industrial materials and the like. Polyester fibers have properties of high orientation and high crystallinity, and thus have excellent properties such as firmness and stiffness, but have a drawback that softness typified by softness is slightly inferior. In order to impart softness to a fabric, a method of using a polyester fiber that is elongated by heat treatment is known, and various types of such heat-extensible polyester fibers have been proposed, including a method for producing the same.
【0003】特開平3-193948号公報にはポリエステル高
配向未延伸糸を低張力下で熱処理した後、低延伸倍率で
延伸して熱伸長性のポリエステル繊維を製造する方法が
開示されている。しかしながら、高配向未延伸糸を得る
には、概ね3000m/分以上の高速紡糸を行う必要がある
ため、短繊維を製造する場合には製糸性が悪くなり、さ
らに紡糸機台が限定されるため生産性も悪く、低配向未
延伸糸を用いるよりコストがかかるという問題がある。[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-139948 discloses a method of producing a heat-extensible polyester fiber by heat-treating a polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn under low tension and then drawing it at a low draw ratio. However, in order to obtain a highly oriented undrawn yarn, it is necessary to perform high-speed spinning at about 3000 m / min or more. Therefore, in the case of producing short fibers, the spinnability deteriorates, and the spinning machine base is further limited. There is a problem that the productivity is poor and the cost is higher than using low-oriented undrawn yarn.
【0004】特開平7-11513 号公報には複屈折率(△
n)が0.008 以下の低配向未延伸糸をTg〜180 ℃で熱処
理した後、延伸温度80〜120 ℃、延伸倍率2.2 〜2.7 倍
で延伸し、Tg以下で弛緩熱処理する方法が開示されてい
る。しかしながら、低配向未延伸糸を用いて熱伸長性を
発現させるには、高配向未延伸糸を用いるときよりも長
時間熱処理を施す必要があり、操業性が悪いものであっ
た。Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-11513 discloses a birefringence (△
A method is disclosed in which a low-oriented undrawn yarn having n) of 0.008 or less is heat-treated at Tg to 180 ° C, then drawn at a drawing temperature of 80 to 120 ° C and a draw ratio of 2.2 to 2.7 times, and subjected to relaxation heat treatment at Tg or less. . However, in order to develop heat extensibility using a low-oriented undrawn yarn, it is necessary to perform heat treatment for a longer time than when using a highly-oriented undrawn yarn, and the operability is poor.
【0005】このような問題を解決するため、本発明者
等は特願平7-344458号においてポリエステル低配向未延
伸糸束を、低張力でかつ、未延伸糸束の切断延伸倍率の
80%以上の延伸倍率、Tg+20℃以上の延伸温度の条件で
延伸を行った後、連続して弛緩熱処理を施し、Tg以下で
乾燥することで、比較的短時間で熱伸長性の繊維を得る
方法を提案した。この方法を用いれば、熱処理時間をか
なり短縮できるが、延伸工程において、繊維を均一に変
形させて延伸するため、繊維に若干融着が生じることが
あり、得られる繊維の熱伸長性の性能をそれほど大きく
することができなかった。[0005] In order to solve such a problem, the present inventors disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 7-344458 a method in which a polyester low-orientation unstretched yarn bundle was cut at a low tension and a draw ratio of the unstretched yarn bundle.
After stretching under the conditions of a stretching ratio of 80% or more and a stretching temperature of Tg + 20 ° C or more, a continuous heat treatment is performed and dried at Tg or less to obtain a heat-extensible fiber in a relatively short time. A method was proposed. By using this method, the heat treatment time can be considerably shortened.However, in the drawing step, since the fiber is uniformly deformed and drawn, the fiber may be slightly fused, and the heat extensibility of the obtained fiber may be reduced. I couldn't make it that big.
【0006】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上述した問題
点を解決し、特定のポリエステル低配向未延伸糸を用い
ることによって、十分な熱伸長性を有する短繊維を短時
間で、生産性よく製造することができる、熱伸長性ポリ
エステル短繊維の製造法を提供することを技術的な課題
とするものである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and by using a specific polyester low-orientation undrawn yarn, a short fiber having a sufficient heat extensibility can be produced in a short time with high productivity. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a heat-extensible polyester short fiber which can be produced.
【0007】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは上記の課題
を解決するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、本発明に到達
した。すなわち、本発明は、巻取速度2500m/分以下で
巻き取ったポリエステル未延伸糸束を用いて熱伸長性ポ
リエステル短繊維を製造する方法であって、金属酸化物
を1重量%以上含有し、三〜六葉断面形状の未延伸糸か
らなる未延伸糸束を、温度Tg−10〜Tg+30℃で、その未
延伸糸の自然延伸倍率〜自然延伸倍率×1.2 の延伸倍率
で延伸し、連続してTg+30〜Tg+120 ℃の温度で、5%
以上の弛緩熱処理を施し、次いでこの糸条束に捲縮、仕
上げ油剤を付与した後、Tg以下の温度で乾燥し、切断す
ることを特徴とする熱伸長性ポリエステル短繊維の製造
法を要旨とするものである。ただし、Tg:未延伸糸のガ
ラス転移温度(℃)Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have reached the present invention. That is, the present invention is a method for producing a heat-extensible polyester short fiber using a polyester undrawn yarn bundle wound at a winding speed of 2500 m / min or less, comprising 1% by weight or more of a metal oxide, An unstretched yarn bundle consisting of unstretched yarns having three to six leaf cross-sections is stretched at a temperature of Tg−10 to Tg + 30 ° C. at a stretch ratio of the natural stretch ratio of the unstretched yarn to the natural stretch ratio × 1.2 and continuously. 5% at a temperature of Tg + 30 to Tg + 120 ° C
The above-described relaxation heat treatment is performed, and then, the yarn bundle is crimped, a finishing oil agent is applied thereto, and then dried at a temperature of Tg or less, and cut. Is what you do. However, Tg: glass transition temperature of undrawn yarn (° C)
【0008】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明について詳細に説明
する。まず、本発明で用いるポリエステルは、主たる繰
り返し単位をエチレンテレフタレートとするものである
が、染色性や風合に変化を与えるために、5モル%以下
程度であれば、酸成分としてイソフタル酸、5-ナトリウ
ムスルホイソフタル酸等の芳香族ジカルボン酸、また、
アジピン酸、セバシン酸等の脂肪族ジカルボン酸、アル
コール成分として、1,4-ブタンジオール、1,6-ヘキサン
ジオール等の脂肪族ジオールやビスフェノール類のエチ
レンオキシド付加体等の芳香族ジオール成分を共重合し
たものでもよい。また、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、安
定剤、蛍光増白剤、顔料等を添加したものでもよい。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. First, the polyester used in the present invention has ethylene terephthalate as a main repeating unit. However, in order to give a change in dyeing properties and feeling, if it is about 5 mol% or less, isophthalic acid, 5 -Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as sodium sulfoisophthalic acid,
Copolymerization of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid and sebacic acid, aliphatic diols such as 1,4-butanediol and 1,6-hexanediol as alcohol components, and aromatic diol components such as ethylene oxide adducts of bisphenols. May be done. Further, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a stabilizer, a fluorescent whitening agent, a pigment and the like may be added.
【0009】本発明に用いるポリエステル未延伸糸束
は、巻取速度2500m/分以下で巻き取り、金属酸化物を
1重量%以上含有し、三〜六葉断面形状の未延伸糸から
なるものである。The unstretched polyester yarn bundle used in the present invention is wound at a winding speed of 2500 m / min or less, contains 1% by weight or more of metal oxide, and is composed of an unstretched yarn having a cross section of three to six leaves. is there.
【0010】本発明においては、製糸性よく、特別な機
台を用いることなく、低コストで未延伸糸束を得るため
に、巻取速度2500m/分以下で巻き取ったポリエステル
未延伸糸束を用いる。巻取速度の下限としては、あまり
巻取速度を低くしすぎると、極めて低配向の未延伸糸と
なり、延伸時に糸が切断し易くなるので、500 m/分程
度とすることが好ましい。In the present invention, in order to obtain an unstretched yarn bundle at a low cost without using a special machine, the polyester unstretched yarn bundle wound at a winding speed of 2500 m / min or less is used in the present invention. Used. As the lower limit of the winding speed, if the winding speed is too low, undrawn yarn with extremely low orientation is obtained, and the yarn is easily cut at the time of drawing. Therefore, the lower limit is preferably about 500 m / min.
【0011】さらに、未延伸糸を金属酸化物を1重量%
以上含有し、断面形状が三〜六葉のものとすることで、
低速紡糸で得られた未延伸糸の配向がある程度進んだも
のとなり、後の延伸、弛緩熱処理工程において、短時間
で十分な熱伸長性を有する繊維とすることができる。す
なわち、未延伸糸は金属酸化物を1重量%以上含有して
いるので、金属酸化物が核剤となって結晶化が速くな
り、紡糸工程でノズルから押し出された糸条の冷却が急
激に進み、未延伸糸の配向が進行するので、ある程度高
配向の糸条とすることができる。Further, the undrawn yarn is made up of 1% by weight of metal oxide.
By containing the above, by having a cross-sectional shape of three to six leaves,
The orientation of the undrawn yarn obtained by the low-speed spinning is advanced to some extent, and in a subsequent drawing and relaxation heat treatment step, a fiber having sufficient heat extensibility can be obtained in a short time. That is, since the undrawn yarn contains the metal oxide in an amount of 1% by weight or more, the metal oxide serves as a nucleating agent and crystallization is accelerated, and the yarn extruded from the nozzle in the spinning process is rapidly cooled. Since the orientation of the undrawn yarn proceeds, it is possible to obtain a highly oriented yarn to some extent.
【0012】金属酸化物の量が1重量%未満であると、
上記のように未延伸糸の配向が進まないので、延伸、弛
緩熱処理工程において、熱伸長性を付与するのに長時間
を要したり、また、十分な熱伸長性を有するものとする
ことができない。金属酸化物の量の上限は、特に限定さ
れるものではないが、金属酸化物の含有量が多くなりす
ぎると、紡糸時に口金パック内の濾剤層に金属酸化物が
詰まり、紡糸操業性が悪化するため、5重量%程度とす
ることが好ましい。When the amount of the metal oxide is less than 1% by weight,
As described above, since the orientation of the undrawn yarn does not progress, in the drawing and relaxation heat treatment steps, it may take a long time to impart heat extensibility, or it may be sufficient heat extensibility. Can not. The upper limit of the amount of the metal oxide is not particularly limited, but if the content of the metal oxide is too large, the metal oxide is clogged in the filter agent layer in the spinneret pack during spinning, and the spinning operability is reduced. It is preferable to set the content to about 5% by weight because of deterioration.
【0013】金属酸化物としては、Ti、Si、Al、Fe等の
酸化物が挙げられる。中でもTiO2やタルク等は好ましく
用いられる。また、金属酸化物の粒子径としては、1μ
m 以下が好ましい。あまり粒子径が大きすぎると金属酸
化物を多く入れすぎた場合と同様、紡糸時に口金パック
内の濾剤層に金属酸化物が詰まり、紡糸操業性が悪くな
る。Examples of the metal oxide include oxides such as Ti, Si, Al, and Fe. Among them, TiO 2 and talc are preferably used. The particle diameter of the metal oxide is 1 μm
m or less is preferred. If the particle size is too large, the metal oxide is clogged in the filter agent layer in the spinneret pack during spinning, as in the case where too much metal oxide is added, and the spinning operability deteriorates.
【0014】さらに、未延伸糸の断面形状を三〜六葉に
する必要があるが、未延伸糸の断面形状を三〜六葉にす
ることにより、丸断面よりも表面積が大きくなるため、
上記と同様に、糸条の冷却速度が上がることで未延伸糸
の配向が進み、ある程度高配向の糸条となる。これによ
り、後の工程において、短時間で十分な熱伸長性を有す
る繊維とすることができる。断面形状が六葉を超える
と、糸条の表面積が丸断面とほとんど変わらなくなり、
冷却速度をあげることができず、高配向の糸条とするこ
とができない。Further, it is necessary to make the cross-sectional shape of the undrawn yarn three to six leaves. However, by making the cross-sectional shape of the undrawn yarn three to six leaves, the surface area becomes larger than that of the round cross section.
In the same manner as described above, the orientation of the undrawn yarn proceeds by increasing the cooling rate of the yarn, and the yarn becomes highly oriented to some extent. Thereby, in a later step, a fiber having sufficient heat extensibility can be obtained in a short time. When the cross-sectional shape exceeds six leaves, the surface area of the yarn is almost the same as the round cross-section,
The cooling rate cannot be increased, and a highly oriented yarn cannot be obtained.
【0015】次に、この未延伸糸束を温度Tg−10〜Tg+
30℃で、その未延伸糸の自然延伸倍率〜自然延伸倍率×
1.2 の延伸倍率で延伸する。このように、比較的低い温
度でかつ低い倍率で延伸することによって、ネッキング
延伸となり、均一に変形させて延伸する均一延伸よりも
繊維の融着が生じることがない。Next, the undrawn yarn bundle is subjected to a temperature Tg-10 to Tg +
At 30 ° C., the natural drawing ratio of the undrawn yarn to the natural drawing ratio ×
Stretch at a stretch ratio of 1.2. As described above, by stretching at a relatively low temperature and at a low magnification, necking stretching is performed, and the fusion of fibers does not occur as compared with the uniform stretching in which uniform deformation is performed.
【0016】延伸温度がTg−10℃未満であると、繊維内
部の分子流動が促進されず、十分に延伸が行えないの
で、延伸時に糸切れが生じたり、太細のある繊維とな
る。一方、Tg+30℃を超えると、ネッキング延伸とはな
らず、均一延伸となり、繊維の融着が生じたり、糸切れ
が生じることがあり、十分な熱伸長性を有する繊維とな
らず、この繊維からなる織編物はソフト感に劣ったもの
となる。If the drawing temperature is lower than Tg-10 ° C., the molecular flow inside the fiber is not promoted, and the drawing cannot be performed sufficiently, so that the fiber breaks at the time of drawing or the fiber becomes thick and thin. On the other hand, if the temperature exceeds Tg + 30 ° C, necking stretching is not performed, and uniform stretching is performed. In some cases, fiber fusion or thread breakage occurs, and the fiber does not have sufficient heat extensibility. The resulting woven or knitted fabric has poor softness.
【0017】また、延伸倍率が未延伸糸束の自然延伸倍
率(以下、NDR という。)未満であると、未延伸部が残
存し、染色斑が発生したり、後加工での糸切れが多くな
り、熱伸長性の繊維とすることができない。一方、NDR
×1.2 を超えると、延伸時に繊維の構造が安定してしま
い、熱伸長性の繊維とすることができない。If the stretching ratio is less than the natural stretching ratio (hereinafter, referred to as NDR) of the undrawn yarn bundle, the undrawn portion remains, causing staining spots and yarn breakage in post-processing. And it cannot be a heat-extensible fiber. Meanwhile, NDR
If it exceeds 1.2, the structure of the fiber becomes stable at the time of drawing, and it cannot be a heat-extensible fiber.
【0018】このような延伸は、ローラ間の速度を変え
て引き取ることによって行えばよく、延伸温度は、ロー
ラを加熱ローラとして温度設定をすればよい。Such stretching may be carried out by changing the speed between the rollers, and the stretching may be performed by setting the temperature using the rollers as heating rollers.
【0019】そして、延伸後の糸条束にTg+30〜Tg+12
0 ℃の温度で、5%以上の弛緩熱処理を施す。弛緩熱処
理温度がTg+30℃未満であると、糸条束は十分に熱処理
されないため、熱伸長性の繊維とすることができない。
一方、Tg+120 ℃を超えると、熱処理温度が高すぎて、
繊維の内部構造が固定されてしまい、熱伸長性の繊維と
することができない。Tg + 30 to Tg + 12
Perform a relaxation heat treatment of 5% or more at a temperature of 0 ° C. If the relaxation heat treatment temperature is lower than Tg + 30 ° C., the yarn bundle is not sufficiently heat-treated, and thus cannot be made into a heat-extensible fiber.
On the other hand, if it exceeds Tg + 120 ° C, the heat treatment temperature is too high,
Since the internal structure of the fiber is fixed, the fiber cannot be a heat-extensible fiber.
【0020】また、弛緩熱処理時の弛緩率を5%以上に
する必要がある。弛緩率が5%未満であると、弛緩が十
分に行われず、熱伸長性の繊維とならない。弛緩率の上
限については特に限定されるものではないが、あまり高
すぎると、延伸工程において糸切れなどのトラブルが発
生したり、紡績工程で毛羽やループが多発し、製編織工
程における通過性が悪い繊維となるため、30%程度とす
ることが好ましい。Further, the relaxation rate during the relaxation heat treatment needs to be 5% or more. If the relaxation rate is less than 5%, the fibers are not sufficiently relaxed and do not become heat extensible fibers. The upper limit of the relaxation rate is not particularly limited, but if it is too high, troubles such as yarn breakage occur in the drawing process, and fluff and loops frequently occur in the spinning process, and the permeability in the weaving and weaving process is reduced. Since it becomes a bad fiber, it is preferable to set it to about 30%.
【0021】そして、この弛緩熱処理は、非接触式熱処
理ヒータを用いて行うことが好ましい。短繊維を製造す
る場合、繊維を集束した糸条束の状態で熱処理工程に供
給するため、接触式熱処理ヒータを用いると糸条束に均
一な熱処理を施しにくい場合があり、糸質性能にばらつ
きが生じやすい。非接触式熱処理ヒータとしては、加熱
蒸気を吹き付けたり、マイクロ波を照射して熱処理する
ものなどが挙げられる。The relaxation heat treatment is preferably performed by using a non-contact heat treatment heater. When producing short fibers, since the fibers are supplied to the heat treatment step in the state of bundled yarns, it may be difficult to perform uniform heat treatment on the yarn bundles when using a contact heat treatment heater, and the yarn quality performance may vary. Tends to occur. Examples of the non-contact heat treatment heater include a heater that performs heat treatment by blowing heated steam or irradiating microwaves.
【0022】このような非接触式熱処理ヒータを用いて
弛緩熱処理を施す場合、熱処理時間は短時間でよく、1
〜10秒間、さらには1〜7秒間とすることが好ましい。
熱処理時間が10秒間を超えると、繊維が収縮しすぎた
り、繊維の内部構造が安定化するために、また、熱処理
時間が1秒間未満であると、熱処理が不十分で糸条束が
十分に収縮しないために、いずれの場合も熱伸長性の繊
維とならない。When the relaxation heat treatment is performed using such a non-contact type heat treatment heater, the heat treatment time is short, and
The time is preferably 10 seconds, more preferably 1 to 7 seconds.
If the heat treatment time exceeds 10 seconds, the fiber shrinks excessively or the internal structure of the fiber is stabilized, and if the heat treatment time is less than 1 second, the heat treatment is insufficient and the yarn bundle is sufficiently Since they do not shrink, they do not become heat extensible fibers in any case.
【0023】さらに、延伸、弛緩熱処理が施された糸条
束に、捲縮を付与し、仕上げ油剤を付与した後、Tg以下
の温度で乾燥し、切断して短繊維とする。捲縮を付与す
る手段は、特に限定されるものではなく、押し込み式ク
リンパーによって付与する方法などを採用することがで
きる。捲縮数、繊維長は用途に応じて適宜選択すればよ
いが、紡績糸として用いる場合は、捲縮数10〜30個/25
mmとすることが好ましい。また、仕上げ油剤として
は、アニオン系界面活性剤、ノニオン系界面活性剤、こ
れらを用途によって適宜混合したものなどが用いられ、
付与する方法としては、水エマルジョン液とし、液槽中
に糸条束を浸漬したり、糸条束に噴霧する方法などが挙
げられる。Further, the drawn and relaxed heat-treated yarn bundle is crimped and a finishing oil is applied, dried at a temperature of Tg or less, and cut into short fibers. The means for imparting crimp is not particularly limited, and a method of imparting the material by a press-type crimper can be employed. The number of crimps and the fiber length may be appropriately selected according to the application, but when used as a spun yarn, the number of crimps is 10 to 30/25.
mm is preferable. In addition, as the finishing oil, anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, those appropriately mixed depending on the application and the like are used,
Examples of a method of applying the method include a method of immersing the yarn bundle in a liquid tank and spraying the yarn bundle on the yarn tank.
【0024】そして、Tgを超えた温度で乾燥すると、
繊維が伸長してしまい、後工程の処理によって伸長性を
示さない繊維となる。糸条束を切断する繊維長として
は、30〜100 mm程度が好ましい。When dried at a temperature exceeding Tg,
The fiber elongates, and becomes a fiber that does not exhibit extensibility by the treatment in the subsequent step. The fiber length for cutting the yarn bundle is preferably about 30 to 100 mm.
【0025】本発明の製造法によって具体的には、沸水
伸長率3.0 〜6.0 %程度、乾熱伸長率7.0 〜10.0%程度
の熱伸長性の短繊維を得ることができる。According to the production method of the present invention, specifically, heat extensible short fibers having a boiling water elongation of about 3.0 to 6.0% and a dry heat elongation of about 7.0 to 10.0% can be obtained.
【0026】以上のように、金属酸化物を含有する三〜
六葉断面形状の未延伸糸を用いることによって、金属酸
化物が核剤として働き、かつ糸条の表面積が大きくなっ
て、糸条の冷却速度が上がるため、巻取速度2500m/分
以下で巻き取ったポリエステル未延伸糸でありながら、
ある程度配向が進んだ未延伸糸とすることができる。そ
して、このような未延伸糸からなる糸条束を用いて、上
記のような条件で延伸、弛緩熱処理等を行うことによっ
て、繊維に融着を生じさせることなく、短時間の熱処理
で優れた熱伸長性のポリエステル短繊維を得ることがで
きる。このように、本発明で得られる熱伸長性の短繊維
は、優れた熱伸長性のものであるため、紡績糸とし、製
編織して得られた布帛に後工程で仕上げ熱処理や染色な
どを施すと、繊維が伸長し、ソフトで柔軟な風合の布帛
とすることができる。また、紡績糸とする際に、本発明
で得られる短繊維と熱収縮性の繊維とを混紡すると、製
編織して得られた布帛は、染色などの後工程の熱処理に
よって、熱収縮性の繊維の効果により、嵩高性に優れ、
ソフトで柔軟な風合を有するものとなる。As described above, three to three metal oxides
By using an undrawn yarn having a six-leaf cross-section, the metal oxide acts as a nucleating agent, and the surface area of the yarn increases, and the cooling speed of the yarn increases, so that the winding speed is 2500 m / min or less. Although it is a polyester undrawn yarn that was taken,
An undrawn yarn having a certain degree of orientation can be obtained. By using such a yarn bundle made of an undrawn yarn, drawing, relaxation heat treatment, and the like are performed under the above conditions, without causing fusion to the fiber, and excellent in a short heat treatment. A heat extensible polyester short fiber can be obtained. As described above, the heat-extensible staple fiber obtained in the present invention is an excellent heat-extensible fiber. When applied, the fibers elongate, and a soft and soft-textured fabric can be obtained. Further, when the short fiber and the heat-shrinkable fiber obtained in the present invention are mixed and spun into a spun yarn, the fabric obtained by knitting and weaving is heat-shrinkable by a post-treatment such as dyeing. Excellent bulkiness due to the effect of fiber,
It has a soft and flexible feel.
【0027】次に、本発明の製造法を図面を用いて説明
する。図1は、本発明の製造法の一実施態様を示す延伸
工程と弛緩熱処理工程の概略工程図である。まず、速度
2500m/分以下で巻き取った、金属酸化物を1重量%以
上含有する三〜六葉断面形状の未延伸糸を集束して、1
〜100 万デニールの糸条束Yとし、この糸条束Yを第一
ローラ群1(熱ローラ)と第二ローラ群2との間で延伸
を行った後、非接触式熱処理ヒータ3を用いて弛緩熱処
理し、引取ローラ群4で引き取る。このとき、引取ロー
ラ群4の速度を第二ローラ群2の速度より小さくして引
き取ることによって、弛緩率を変更する。次いで、押し
込み式クリンパーなどで捲縮を付与し、仕上げ油剤を付
与した後、乾燥機で乾燥を行い、カッターで糸条束の切
断を行う。Next, the manufacturing method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic process diagram of a stretching step and a relaxation heat treatment step showing one embodiment of the production method of the present invention. First, speed
Unstretched yarn having a cross section of 3 to 6 leaves containing 1% by weight or more of metal oxide, wound at 2500 m / min or less
After the yarn bundle Y is stretched between the first roller group 1 (heat roller) and the second roller group 2, the non-contact heat treatment heater 3 is used. Then, it is subjected to relaxation heat treatment, and is taken up by the take-up roller group 4. At this time, the speed of the take-off roller group 4 is set to be lower than the speed of the second roller group 2 so as to change the relaxation rate. Next, crimping is performed by a press-in type crimper or the like, and a finishing oil is applied, followed by drying with a drier and cutting of the thread bundle with a cutter.
【0028】[0028]
【実施例】次に、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明す
る。なお、例中の特性値は下記のように測定した。 (1)極限粘度〔η〕 フェノールと四塩化エタンとの等重量混合物を溶媒と
し、20℃で測定した。 (2)未延伸糸のTg、Tm(融点) パーキンエルマー社製示差走査熱量計DSC-7型を用い、
昇温速度10℃/分で測定した。 (3)未延伸糸のNDR オリエンティック社製テンシロンUTM-4-100 型を用い、
引張速度10cm/分として、未延伸糸束を構成する未延伸
糸(試料長10cm)の強伸度曲線を描き、ネッキングが進
行して一定応力で伸長される領域の自然延伸伸度(En)
を求め、次式によって自然延伸倍率(NDR) を算出した。 NDR=(En +100 )/100 (4)沸水伸長率(E100 ) 試料を無荷重状態で沸水中で30分間処理し、処理前の長
さ(R0 )及び処理後の長さ(R1 )より、次式によっ
て算出した。なお、測定時の荷重は1/30g/デニール
である。 沸水伸長率(E100 )(%)=〔(R1 −R0 )/
R0 〕×100 (5)乾熱伸長率(160 ℃) 試料を無荷重状態で160 ℃の高温雰囲気中で30分間処理
し、上記と同様に、処理前後の長さを測定し、算出し
た。 (6)風合(ソフト感) 得られた熱伸長性の短繊維を50番手の紡績糸とし、経62
本/2.54cm、緯33本/2.54cm、の平織物を製織し、
これに180 ℃で15分間の仕上げ熱処理を施した後、次に
示す条件で染色した後、織物の風合(ソフト感)を10人
のパネラーに手触りで10点満点で採点させ、その合計点
で評価した。 80点以上 非常に柔らかい 60〜79点 柔らかい 40〜59点 やや硬い 39点以下 硬い 染料:Resoline Blue GRL (バイエル社製分散染料)
1%owf 助剤:ディスパーVG(明成化学社製) 2%owf 浴比:1:50、染色温度×時間:100 ℃×1時間Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. The characteristic values in the examples were measured as described below. (1) Intrinsic viscosity [η] Measured at 20 ° C. using an equal weight mixture of phenol and ethane tetrachloride as a solvent. (2) Tg, Tm (melting point) of undrawn yarn Using a differential scanning calorimeter DSC-7 manufactured by PerkinElmer,
The measurement was performed at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min. (3) Using the undrawn yarn NDR Orientic Tensilon UTM-4-100,
At an elongation rate of 10 cm / min, draw a strong elongation curve of the undrawn yarn (sample length 10 cm) constituting the undrawn yarn bundle, and naturally stretch elongation (En) in a region where necking proceeds and elongation is performed at a constant stress.
Was calculated, and the natural draw ratio (NDR) was calculated by the following equation. NDR = (En + 100) / 100 (4) Elongation ratio of boiling water (E100) The sample was treated in boiling water for 30 minutes without load, and the length before the treatment (R 0 ) and the length after the treatment (R 1 ) From the following equation, it was calculated. The load at the time of measurement was 1/30 g / denier. Boiling water elongation (E100) (%) = [(R 1 -R 0) /
R 0 ] × 100 (5) Dry heat elongation (160 ° C.) The sample was treated in a high-temperature atmosphere of 160 ° C. for 30 minutes without load, and the length before and after the treatment was measured and calculated in the same manner as above. . (6) Hand feeling (soft feeling) The obtained heat-extensible short fiber was used as a spun yarn having a yarn count of 50, and
Weave a plain woven fabric of book / 2.54 cm, weft 33 / 2.54 cm,
After applying a finishing heat treatment at 180 ° C for 15 minutes and dyeing it under the following conditions, the texture (soft feeling) of the fabric is scored by a 10 panelist with a touch of 10 points, and the total score is calculated. Was evaluated. 80 points or more Very soft 60-79 points Soft 40-59 points Slightly hard 39 points or less Hard dye: Resoline Blue GRL (Bayer disperse dye)
1% owf auxiliary agent: Disper VG (manufactured by Meisei Chemical Co., Ltd.) 2% owf bath ratio: 1:50, dyeing temperature × time: 100 ° C. × 1 hour
【0029】実施例1〜6、比較例1〜6 〔η〕0.70、Tg71℃、Tm 256℃のポリエチレンテレ
フタレートを通常の紡糸装置を用い、紡糸温度を295 ℃
で紡糸し、巻取速度1100m/分で巻き取った。このと
き、金属酸化物としてTiO2を用い、表1に示すように含
有量を種々変更させた。そして、紡糸口金(孔数800 )
は、孔形状が三葉(実施例1〜3、比較例5)、六葉
(実施例4〜6、比較例6)、丸(比較例1〜4)のも
のを用い、未延伸糸を得た。得られた未延伸糸のNDR を
表1に示す。この未延伸糸を集束して80万デニールの糸
条束となし、図1の概略工程図に示す装置を用いて延
伸、弛緩熱処理を行い、短繊維の製造を行った。このと
き、第一、第二ローラ群間で延伸温度(第一ローラ群1
の温度)75℃、延伸倍率 NDR×1.1 で延伸を行った。続
いて、加熱水蒸気で加熱する非接触式熱処理ヒータ3を
通過させ、引取ローラ群4で引き取ることによって弛緩
熱処理を行った。このとき、弛緩熱処理温度(加熱水蒸
気の温度)を130 ℃、弛緩率を10%とし、5秒間処理し
た。次に、押込式クリンパーで10個/25mmの捲縮を付
与し、仕上げ油剤を付与した後、60℃で乾燥し、カッタ
ーで切断して繊維長5.1 cmの短繊維(単糸繊度3.5
d)を得た。得られた短繊維の沸水伸長率、乾熱伸長率
及びこの繊維より得られた織物の風合の評価結果を表1
に示す。Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 [η] 0.70, Tg 71 ° C., Tm 256 ° C. Polyethylene terephthalate was spun at a spinning temperature of 295 ° C. using an ordinary spinning apparatus.
At a winding speed of 1100 m / min. At this time, TiO 2 was used as the metal oxide, and the content was variously changed as shown in Table 1. And spinneret (800 holes)
Is a three-leaf (Examples 1-3, Comparative Example 5), a six-leaf (Examples 4-6, Comparative Example 6), and a round (Comparative Examples 1-4). Obtained. Table 1 shows the NDR of the obtained undrawn yarn. The undrawn yarn was bundled to form a 800,000-denier yarn bundle, and subjected to drawing and relaxation heat treatment using an apparatus shown in the schematic process diagram of FIG. 1 to produce short fibers. At this time, the stretching temperature between the first and second roller groups (the first roller group 1
The stretching was performed at a temperature of 75 ° C. and a stretching ratio of NDR × 1.1. Subsequently, the relaxation heat treatment was performed by passing through a non-contact type heat treatment heater 3 heated by heated steam and taking it by a group of take-off rollers 4. At this time, the relaxation heat treatment temperature (temperature of the heated steam) was 130 ° C., the relaxation rate was 10%, and the treatment was performed for 5 seconds. Next, a crimp of 10 pieces / 25 mm is applied with a press-type crimper, a finishing oil is applied, dried at 60 ° C., cut with a cutter, and cut into short fibers having a fiber length of 5.1 cm (single fiber fineness of 3.5 mm)
d) was obtained. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the elongation rate of boiling water, the elongation rate of dry heat, and the feeling of the woven fabric obtained from these fibers.
Shown in
【0030】[0030]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0031】表1から明らかなように、実施例1〜6に
よれば、優れた熱伸長性の繊維が得られ、この繊維を用
いた織物はソフトな風合を有するものであった。一方、
比較例1は、TiO2を含まず、丸断面形状の未延伸糸を用
いたため、比較例5、6は三葉又は六葉断面形状である
が、TiO2を含まない未延伸糸を用いたため、金属酸化物
が核剤として働かず、得られた繊維は熱伸長性に乏しい
ものとなった。比較例2〜4は、丸断面形状の未延伸糸
を用いたため、得られた繊維は熱伸長性に乏しいものと
なった。このように、比較例1〜6で得られた繊維は、
熱伸長性に乏しいものであったため、これらの繊維から
なる織物はソフトな風合に劣るものであった。As is clear from Table 1, according to Examples 1 to 6, excellent heat-extensible fibers were obtained, and the woven fabric using these fibers had a soft feel. on the other hand,
Comparative Example 1 did not contain TiO 2 and used an undrawn yarn having a round cross-sectional shape. Comparative Examples 5 and 6 had a trilobal or six-leaf cross-sectional shape but used an undrawn yarn not containing TiO 2. However, the metal oxide did not work as a nucleating agent, and the resulting fiber had poor heat extensibility. In Comparative Examples 2 to 4, the unstretched yarn having a round cross-sectional shape was used, so that the obtained fiber had poor heat extensibility. Thus, the fibers obtained in Comparative Examples 1 to 6,
Since the heat extensibility was poor, the woven fabric composed of these fibers was inferior in soft texture.
【0032】実施例7〜10、比較例7〜11 金属酸化物としてTiO2を3重量%含有させ、孔形状が三
葉のものを用い、巻取速度を表2に示すように種々変更
して得た未延伸糸束を用い、延伸倍率、延伸温度及び弛
緩熱処理における弛緩率、弛緩温度を各々表2に示すよ
うに変更させた以外は実施例2と同様に行い、短繊維を
製造した。なお、比較例7においては、紡糸機台を変更
し、高速紡糸用の紡糸機及び巻取機を用いた。未延伸糸
のNDR 、得られた短繊維の沸水伸長率、乾熱伸長率及び
この繊維より得られた織物の風合の評価結果を表2に示
す。Examples 7 to 10 and Comparative Examples 7 to 11 TiO 2 was contained as a metal oxide in an amount of 3% by weight, the pore shape was three leaves, and the winding speed was variously changed as shown in Table 2. Using the undrawn yarn bundle obtained as described above, short fibers were produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the draw ratio, the draw temperature, the relaxation rate in the relaxation heat treatment, and the relaxation temperature were each changed as shown in Table 2. . In Comparative Example 7, the spinning machine stand was changed, and a spinning machine and a winding machine for high-speed spinning were used. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the NDR of the undrawn yarn, the boiling water elongation, the dry heat elongation of the obtained short fibers, and the feeling of the woven fabric obtained from the fibers.
【0033】[0033]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0034】表2から明らかなように、実施例7〜10で
得られた繊維は、優れた熱伸長性を有しており、この繊
維から得られた織物はソフトな風合を有するものであっ
た。一方、比較例7では、熱伸長性に優れた繊維を得る
ことができたが、高速紡糸用の紡糸機及び巻取機を用い
て、未延伸糸を得る際の巻取速度を2750m/分として行
ったため、生産性が悪かった。比較例8では、延伸倍率
が高すぎたため、延伸時に糸条の構造が安定してしま
い、得られた繊維は、熱伸長性に乏しいものとなった。
比較例9では、延伸温度が低すぎたため、十分に延伸が
行えなかったため、延伸時に糸切れが多発し、得られた
繊維は品位に劣るものであった。比較例10では、弛緩率
が小さすぎたために、弛緩が十分に行われず、比較例11
は、弛緩熱処理温度が低すぎたため、十分に熱処理され
ず、いずれも得られた繊維は、熱伸長性に劣るものであ
り、この繊維より得られた織物は、ソフトな風合に乏し
いものであった。As is clear from Table 2, the fibers obtained in Examples 7 to 10 have excellent heat extensibility, and the woven fabric obtained from these fibers has a soft hand. there were. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 7, a fiber having excellent heat extensibility could be obtained, but the winding speed for obtaining an undrawn yarn was 2750 m / min using a spinning machine and a winder for high-speed spinning. As a result, productivity was poor. In Comparative Example 8, since the draw ratio was too high, the structure of the yarn was stabilized during drawing, and the obtained fiber was poor in heat extensibility.
In Comparative Example 9, since the stretching temperature was too low, the stretching could not be performed sufficiently, so that the yarn was frequently broken during the stretching, and the obtained fiber was inferior in quality. In Comparative Example 10, since the relaxation rate was too small, the relaxation was not sufficiently performed, and Comparative Example 11
Is not sufficiently heat-treated because the relaxation heat treatment temperature is too low, and the fibers obtained in any case are inferior in heat extensibility, and the woven fabric obtained from these fibers has a poor soft feel. there were.
【0035】[0035]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、特定のポリエステル低
配向未延伸糸を用いることによって、優れた熱伸長性を
有する短繊維を低コストで生産性よく製造することがで
き、この短繊維を紡績糸とし、製編織し、仕上げ熱処理
などを施すことによってソフトな風合の布帛を得ること
が可能となる。According to the present invention, by using a specific polyester low-oriented undrawn yarn, short fibers having excellent heat extensibility can be produced at low cost and with good productivity. By forming a spun yarn, knitting and weaving, and performing a finishing heat treatment or the like, it is possible to obtain a soft-textured fabric.
【図1】本発明の一実施態様を示す一部省略概略工程図
である。FIG. 1 is a partially omitted schematic process diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
Y 未延伸糸束 1 第一ローラ群 2 第二ローラ群 3 非接触式熱処理ヒータ 4 引取ローラ群 Y Undrawn yarn bundle 1 First roller group 2 Second roller group 3 Non-contact heat treatment heater 4 Take-up roller group
Claims (1)
リエステル未延伸糸束を用いて熱伸長性ポリエステル短
繊維を製造する方法であって、金属酸化物を1重量%以
上含有し、三〜六葉断面形状の未延伸糸からなる未延伸
糸束を、温度Tg−10〜Tg+30℃で、その未延伸糸の自然
延伸倍率〜自然延伸倍率×1.2 の延伸倍率で延伸し、連
続してTg+30〜Tg+120 ℃の温度で、5%以上の弛緩熱
処理を施し、次いでこの糸条束に捲縮、仕上げ油剤を付
与した後、Tg以下の温度で乾燥し、切断することを特徴
とする熱伸長性ポリエステル短繊維の製造法。ただし、
Tg:未延伸糸のガラス転移温度(℃)1. A method for producing a heat-extensible polyester short fiber using a polyester undrawn yarn bundle wound at a winding speed of 2500 m / min or less, comprising a metal oxide of 1% by weight or more, Unstretched yarn bundle consisting of an unstretched yarn having a cross-sectional shape of six leaves is stretched at a temperature Tg−10 to Tg + 30 ° C. at a stretch ratio of the natural stretch ratio of the unstretched yarn to the natural stretch ratio × 1.2, and continuously stretched. A thermal elongation characterized by performing a relaxation heat treatment of 5% or more at a temperature of Tg + 30 to Tg + 120 ° C., then applying a crimping and finishing oil agent to the yarn bundle, drying at a temperature of Tg or less, and cutting. Method for producing conductive polyester short fibers. However,
Tg: Glass transition temperature of undrawn yarn (℃)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7056197A JPH10251933A (en) | 1997-03-06 | 1997-03-06 | Production of heat-expandable polyester staple |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7056197A JPH10251933A (en) | 1997-03-06 | 1997-03-06 | Production of heat-expandable polyester staple |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH10251933A true JPH10251933A (en) | 1998-09-22 |
Family
ID=13435079
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP7056197A Pending JPH10251933A (en) | 1997-03-06 | 1997-03-06 | Production of heat-expandable polyester staple |
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Country | Link |
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JP (1) | JPH10251933A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPWO2015125497A1 (en) * | 2014-02-23 | 2017-03-30 | 株式会社シーエンジ | Cushion material and cushion |
-
1997
- 1997-03-06 JP JP7056197A patent/JPH10251933A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPWO2015125497A1 (en) * | 2014-02-23 | 2017-03-30 | 株式会社シーエンジ | Cushion material and cushion |
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