JPH1023813A - Harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To tread on leaves and stems of crops just before harvesting with a gauge wheel and prevent the crops from being unharvestable. SOLUTION: This harvester is obtained by installing a grass dividing plate 71 for guiding and standing leaves and stems 16a of lodged crops upward from the front of a gauge wheel 12 in the harvester composed of a working part 12 for harvesting the crops in a walking type mobile vehicle having left and right driving wheels 9 and 10 for traveling in valley parts 15 on both sides of a ridge 14 where root crops are planted and the gauge wheel 12 traveling in front of the driving wheels 9 and 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a harvester for digging root crops such as onions from a field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a walking type root vegetable harvester,
A gauge wheel for adjusting the height of the working unit with respect to the ground is provided in front of one of the left and right drive wheels.

[0003]

Generally, in the case of a walking-type root vegetable harvester, the crop is harvested while running across the ridge on which the root vegetable crops are planted. The gauge wheel travels in the valleys on both sides, and the gauge wheel travels in the valley on one side of the ridge on one side of the front of the fuselage.If the foliage of the crop is lying down in the valley where the gauge wheel travels, the gauge wheel In the state where the foliage is stepped on by the foliage, the weeding device and the raising device of the working part act on this foliage, and the crop is pulled out from the ridge before the next drawing step, and the crop is Will be in a state of being pushed down, making it impossible to harvest.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a harvester that does not step on the foliage of a crop immediately before harvesting with a gauge wheel so that the above-described problem does not occur.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a walking type self-propelled vehicle having left and right drive wheels running in valleys on both sides of a ridge on which root crops are planted, and a gauge wheel running in front of the drive wheels. In the harvester, which comprises a working unit for harvesting the crop, a weeding plate is provided to guide the foliage of the laid-down crop upward from the front of the gauge foil, so that the gauge foil can be used to step on the crop foliage immediately before harvesting. And perform harvesting properly.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is an overall plan view, FIG. 2 is a right side view, FIG. 3 is a left side view, FIG. 4 is a front view, FIG. 5 is a rear view, FIG. 6 is a side view of a working unit, and FIG. It is a top view and is formed by the self-propelled vehicle (1) and the working part (2), and comprises the walking type structure. The self-propelled vehicle (1) includes an engine (3), a transmission case (4) having a transmission mechanism interlocked with an output section thereof, and a transmission case (5) ( 6) and right and left final cases (7) connected to each transmission case (5) (6)
(8), left and right drive wheels (9) and (10) supported on the respective final cases (7) and (8) via left and right axles (9a) and (10a), a transmission case (4) and left and right final cases ( 7) A body frame (11) supported and extended forward by (8), and a gauge wheel (12) arranged on the front extension line of the left driving wheel (9) and attached to the body frame (11) so as to be adjustable in elevation. ) And the body frame (1
It consists of a steering handle (13) extending rearward and upward from 1).

[0007] Left and right final cases (7) (8)
The right (8) and (10) of the left and right driving wheels (9) and (10) that are respectively supported on the left and right sides are provided so as to be more laterally offset than the left (7) and (9). The drive wheels (9) and (10) are formed so as to be able to travel in the valleys (15) on both sides of the ridge (14), and the gauge wheel (12) is capable of traveling in the valley (15) on the left side of the ridge (14). ing. Also,
The right transmission case (6) for supporting the right final case (8) and the right drive wheel (10) and the right transmission mechanism built in the right transmission case (6) have a telescopic structure, and the left and right drive wheels (9) (10).
The interval is configured to be adjusted according to the difference in the width of the ridge (14).

[0008] Further, a work section (2) for two sections is constructed by assembling various components to the body frame (11), and the work section (2) is arranged at the front of the body and is provided with a ridge. A vertically-rotating weeding tine (17) for separating the foliage (16a) of a plurality of rows of onions (16) to be planted in (14) into right and left and erecting the foliage (16a) in a falling state. 2 with
Weed raising case (18) having three rows of weeds, and projecting obliquely downward and forward from the lower part of each weed raising case (18) and rushing into the soil of ridges (14) between rows of onions (16) to advance onions (16) ) A rooting arm (1) for rooting the row of balls (16b) to the left and right.
9), and two foliage portions (16a) disposed between the weeding raising cases (18) and introduced between the weeding raising cases (18) are attached to the center weeding raising case (18). A) a pair of left and right rake cases (21) each having a rake belt (20) with locking projections for squeezing to the rear side;
1) A pair of left and right belts stretched from the lower rear side toward the rear of the aircraft in a front-rear and rear-height manner, and after sandwiching two foliage portions (16a) after scraping between the belts. A pair of left and right pull-out belts (22), which are pull-out and transfer devices for pulling the ball portion (16b) substantially vertically upward from the soil by being transferred upward, and disposed below the front end side of the pull-out belt (22). And a pair of left and right vibrating blades (2) that help the pull-out belt (22) pull out the onion (16) from the soil by protruding and advancing while lying horizontally in the soil below the ball portion (16b).
3) and the pull-out belt (2) at a lower inclination angle than the pull-out belt (22) from substantially below the intermediate portion of the pull-out belt (22).
2) A pair of left and right belts stretched below the rear end portion, and a ridge (1) is provided between the belts by a drawing belt (22).
4) A pair of left and right ball transport belts (24), which is a lower transport device that clamps the head of the two balls (16b) drawn upward and transported and transports them to the rear of the machine, and the ball transport belt. The ball (16b), which is disposed above the drawing belt (22) above the drawing belt (22) and is conveyed by the ball conveying belt (24), and the foliage ( 16a) and a cutting blade (25) for cutting and separating
A star wheel (26), which is a foliage releasing device disposed below the rear end of the left pulling belt (22), and a ball discharging device, which is a crop releasing device disposed behind the ball conveying belt (24). And a belt (27).

[0009] Among the components of the working unit (2),
Self-propelled vehicle (1) driven by the engine (3) power, ie, weeder tine (17), scraping belt (2)
0), a pull-out belt (22), a vibrating blade (23), a ball section conveying belt (24), and a star wheel (26) are shown in FIG.
The power of the engine (3) is transmitted by the transmission structure shown in FIG. From the transmission case (4) to the work clutch (28)
A work output shaft (29) extending forward through the transmission unit (3) passes through the front and rear transmission tube (30).
1) and is interlockingly connected to a left-right drive shaft (32) which is bearing-supported by the drive case (31). A pull-out / conveyance drive shaft (35) interlockingly connected via a worm (33) and a worm wheel (34) is projected upward from an intermediate portion of the drive shaft (36). The rear drive pulley shaft (36) of the pull-out belt (22) is interlocked and connected by chain transmission, and the left-right pull-out belt (22) is rotationally driven in a predetermined direction. The front driven pulley shaft (38) of the left and right ball portion conveyor belt (24) and the upper drive pulley shaft (39) of the left and right scraping belt (20) are connected to the front driven pulley shaft (37) of the pulling belt (22). The right and left ball portion conveyor belts (24) and the left and right scraping belts (20) are rotationally driven in a predetermined direction. A crank (40) is provided at the left and right ends of the drive shaft (32), and a pitman (41) front end extending forward from the left and right cranks (40) on both lateral outer sides of the working unit (2). ,
It is connected to the upper end of a vibrating blade (23) that is swingably supported in the front-rear direction on a body frame (11) via a support shaft (42), and drives the left-right vibrating blade (23) to swing back and forth. Further, the rear end of the transmission shaft (42a) extending in the front-rear direction outside the right pitman (41) is interlockedly connected to the right end of the drive shaft (32), and the tine chain (43) for mounting the weeding tine (17). The right end of the upper drive sprocket shaft (44) is operatively connected to the front end of the transmission shaft (42), and the weed raising tine (1) of each weed raising case (18) is connected.
7) is circulated.

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the cutting blade (25) is attached to a rotating shaft (47) of an electric motor (46) mounted on the upper surface of the cutting blade base (45).
A C-shaped upper and lower safety cover (47) which is supported and rotated on the lower surface side, and is provided with a partially cutout C-shaped upper and lower safety cover which covers the outer peripheral blade portion of the cutting blade (25) from above and below, is provided on the cutting blade base (45). Insert the notch (48) of the safety cover (47) into the cutting blade (2).
5) On the front side, a pull-out belt (22) and a ball section conveying belt (2)
4), a foliage guide (49) is extended forward of the end of the upper and lower safety cover (47) in the rotation direction of the cutting blade (25), and the upper and lower safety cover (47). ), A lateral safety cover (5) formed by bending a round bar having a circular cross section into a C shape on the outer peripheral side of the cutting blade (25).
0) is provided, the gap around the outer periphery of the cutting blade (25) other than the notch (45) is closed by a lateral safety cover (50), and the clamping position of the pull-out belt (22) and the clamping position of the ball transport belt (24). The foliage (16a) between the notches (48) is introduced into the inside of the safety covers (47) and (50) through the notch (48), and the cutting blade (2) is inserted.
5) It is configured to cut by pressing.

A cutting blade elevating guide rod (5) having a hexagonal cross section and attached to the right pulling frame (51) at a slightly lower inclination angle than the right pulling belt (24) below the right pulling belt (24).
2) is provided, and a hexagonal cylindrical body (53) having a hexagonal cross section, which is slidably fitted to the guide rod (51), is fixed to the right side of the cutting blade base (45), and the pulling belt (22) and the ball section are conveyed. Belt (24)
The cutting blade (25) is supported between the ball conveying belt (24) so as to be freely movable in parallel with the cutting blade (25), and is appropriately positioned at an adjustment screw hole position (not shown) provided at equal intervals in the length direction on the guide rod (52). The cutting blade (25) is fixedly supported at an arbitrary height by tightening and fixing the tubular body (53) via bolts. The cutting length of the foliage (16a) is adjusted by adjusting the height of the cutting blade (25). It is configured to perform the adjustment.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the length of the left and right ball portion conveying belts (24) is such that the rear end of the left ball portion conveying belt (24) is located rearward of the rear end of the right ball portion conveying belt (24). And a star wheel (55) above the belt (24) and a roller (5) below the belt (24) on the rear driven pulley shaft (54) of the left ball portion conveying belt (24).
6), respectively, and further, the ball release belt (27) is directed rearward and downward in a side view from the upper rear end of the right ball transport belt (24), and leftward in a rear view. And the left-behind-portion conveyor belt (24)
A guide rod (57) extends below (before) the ball transport belt (24) from between the roller and the roller (56), and an upper (front) drive pulley shaft (58) of the ball discharge belt (27). ) Is linked to an electric motor (59), and is connected between the left and right ball portion conveyor belts (24) and between the ball portion discharge belt (27) and the guide rod (57) via a star wheel (55) via a star wheel (55). 16b) The head is raked and inherited, and at the time of inheritance, the ball (16b) is brought into contact with the roller (56) and pushed to the right, and is conveyed rearward in the withdrawn position by the left and right ball conveying belt (24). The ball part (16b) is changed to a release position in which the ball part (16b) is turned to the left by approximately 90 degrees, and the ball part discharge belt (27) is aligned and discharged from the lower end (rear end) to the upper surface of the ridge (14) in the discharge position. It is configured to be.

The inclination angle (α) of the ball discharge belt (27) in the left-right direction is determined by the line (L) between the left and right pull-out belts (22) and between the left and right ball transfer belts (24). The angle is set so that the ball portion (16b) is biased toward the upper surface of the left ridge (14) to be released, and the ball portion (16b) is constantly aligned and released toward the left side of the upper surface of the ridge (14) with respect to the traveling direction. By doing so, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
For example, one row (14) has four rows of onions (16), and one row (14) makes one reciprocation (two half steps) to produce four rows of onions (16). In the case of harvesting, the two ball portions (16b) harvested in the first half-process are released by being biased toward the left side of the upper surface of the ridge (14), that is, one side of the upper surface of the ridge (14) with respect to the traveling direction. Go, the two rows of balls (16b) harvested in the latter half of the process (16)
Ridge on the left side of the upper surface of the
4) One side of the upper surface is released and released. In this way, the center part of the ridge (14) is emptied, and the two-piece ball (16b) is harvested in the first half-process, so that the ball (16b) for the latter half-process does not disturb the walking of the worker. Then, it is possible to concentrate on the traveling work operation, and the harvested ball portion (16b) is placed on the unharvested foliage portion (16a), and the harvested ball portion (16
It is configured to prevent b) from interfering with the subsequent harvesting operation or disturbing the alignment of the ball portion (16b) harvested during the subsequent harvesting operation. The lower end of the ball release belt (27) does not drop and release the ball (16b) from above the ridge (14), but instead places the ridge (14) on the upper surface of the ridge (14). It is provided as close as possible to the upper surface.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the star wheel (26) is engaged with the lower drive belt (22) on the front drive pulley shaft (36) of the left pulling belt (22) below the belt (22). The star wheel (26) is driven to rotate integrally with the belt (22).
0) is provided in the middle portion, and the star wheel (26) is divided into upper and lower two stages. In addition, the star wheel (26) is positioned from below the rear end of the nipping and conveying path between the left and right pulling belts (22).
Left pulling belt (2) through the groove (60) in the rear half
2) Inner and outer foliage guide plates (6
1) (62) is provided, and the inner and outer foliage guide plates (61) (6) are provided from the rear end portion of the nipping and conveying path between the left and right pull-out belts (22).
2) The foliage (16a) is inherited in the transport path formed therebetween, feed is given to the foliage (16a) by the star wheel (26), and the foliage is fed from the left outer side of the rear end of the left pulling belt (22). Part (16a) is released and the foliage (1) is placed on the slope on the left side of the ridge (14) from between the working part (2) of the fuselage and the left drive wheel (9).
When the ridge (14) on the left side of the ridge (14) during harvesting is not harvested, the foliage (16a) is released to the upper surface of the unharvested ridge (14). By doing so, it is possible to prevent interference with later harvesting work, and when the ridge (14) on the left side of the ridge (14) being harvested has already been harvested, Foliage (16
The release of b) can also prevent the collecting operation of the ball (16b) after harvesting from being hindered, and the foliage (16a) is provided on the left drive wheel (9) on the discharge side of the foliage (16a). Can also be prevented from winding.

When the foliage part (16a) is released between the working part (2) and the left driving wheel (9) of the machine body, the foliage fall space (63) from the release position to the slope on the left side of the ridge (14)
Has a gauge wheel (12) lifting handle (64),
Conventionally, a left pitman (41) and a left final case (7) are present and hinder the release of the foliage (16a). However, in the lifting handle (64) of the gauge wheel (12), the gauge wheel (12) is used. ) The upper and lower operation gear case (65) is extended to the left side of the steering handle (13) by bypassing the upper part of the foliage fall space (63) from the upper part of the foliage fall space (63). In the left pitman (41), the foliage fallen from the left crank (40). A bent portion (66) is formed in the left pitman (41) so as to extend to the left vibrating blade (23) while bypassing the inside of the space (63), and further, in the left final case (7), a foliage fall space ( 63) The foliage (16) is placed on the left side slope (14) from the front, avoiding the final case (7) corresponding to the final case (7).
A foliage shoot (67) for dropping a) is provided in the left final case (7) to form a foliage fall space (63) where there is no obstacle on the left slope of the ridge (14) from the release position.

The spokes (68) of the left driving wheel (9)
In order to prevent the foliage (16a) after being released from being caught and wound on the axle and the axle bearing (69), a disc-shaped anti-winding plate is provided inside the spoke (68) inside the left driving wheel (9). (70) is attached.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a weeding plate (71) is attached to the left weeding raising case (18) on the gauge wheel (12) side together with the rooting arm (19). Gauge foil (12) by the weed board (71)
The foliage (16a) lying on the valley (15) on the left side of the ridge (14) on which the globe runs (14) is moved before the foliage (16a) is stepped on the gage foil (12).
2) By causing the stem and leaves (16a) to be stepped and held by the gauge foil (12), the weeding tine (17) acts on the stem and leaves (16a), thereby causing the plant to grow. In the raising process, the ball portion (16b) is dug out of the soil, and the onion (18) is pushed and rolled between the left and center weeding raising cases (18) in front of the left raking case (21). It is configured to prevent unharvesting.

By arranging the gauge foil (12) on the side of the weed raising case (18) and the scraping case (20), the working unit (2) varies according to the height of the ridge (14). ), In particular, the height of the weed raising case (18) and the scraping case (20) with respect to the ground can be easily adjusted.

[0019]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention is characterized in that the left and right driving wheels (9) (10) running on the valleys (15) on both sides of the ridge (14) on which the root crop (16) is planted are provided. ,
A harvesting machine comprising a working unit (2) for harvesting a crop (16) in a walking type self-propelled vehicle (1) having a gauge wheel (12) running in front of a drive wheel (9) is used to lay down a crop (16). ) Foliage (16a) of gauge foil (12)
It is equipped with a weeding board (71) that guides and rises from the front and upwards.
Can be prevented from stepping on the foliage (16a), and the harvesting operation can be performed properly.

Further, by connecting a weeding plate (71) from the weeding raising case (18) provided in front of the working unit (2), the weeding plate (71) is connected to the gauge wheel (12). It can also serve as weeding for the weeding raising case (18).

Further, the gauge wheel (12) is provided on the weed raising case (18) near the valley (15) of the weed raising case (18) disposed in front of the working unit (2). , The height of the working unit (2) above the ground, especially the weeding raising case (1
8) The ground height adjustment can be easily performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall plan view of a harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall right side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is an overall left side view of the same.

FIG. 4 is an overall front view of the same.

FIG. 5 is an overall rear view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a working unit.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a working unit.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the cutting device.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a cutting device.

FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view of a cutting device.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a crop discharging device.

FIG. 12 is a rear view of the crop discharge device.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of a foliage releasing device.

FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged view of a foliage releasing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1) Walking vehicle (2) Working part (9) (10) Driving wheel (12) Gauge wheel (14) Row (15) Valley (16) Onion (root vegetable crop) (16a) Foliage (16b) Ball Part (71) Weeding board

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Irie 428 Enami, Okayama-shi In-house (72) Inventor Yoshino Hamaki 428 Enami, Okayama-shi In-house

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A work section for harvesting crops in a walking-type self-propelled vehicle having left and right drive wheels running in valleys on both sides of a ridge on which root crops are planted and a gauge wheel running in front of the drive wheels. 1. A harvester, comprising: a weeding plate for guiding the foliage of a fallen crop upward from the front of a gauge foil. 2. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein a weeding plate is continuously provided from a weeding raising case disposed at a front portion of the working unit. 3. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein a gauge wheel is provided on a weed raising case side near a valley of the weed raising case disposed in front of the working unit.