JPH10232039A - Constant air volume natural ventilation device for building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform air-conditioning, especially natural ventilation of a building by utilizing a natural force in a natural state. SOLUTION: A constant air volume natural ventilation device for a building is formed such that a glass plate 2 is arranged at an outer wall 1 of a building body and an air inlet and outlet 10 of a wind tunnel 10a communicated with the internal and external parts of a building is formed in an upper or lower support frame (3,) 5. An air flow regulating valve 19 to open and close by an inflow air pressure according to the degree of the inflow velocity of outside air is arranged in a wind tunnel cylinder body 11 of which a wind tunnel 11a in a body communicated with the air inlet and outlet 11. When the inflow velocity of outside air reaches a specified value, the air flow regulating valve 19 is brought into a closed position and the wind tunnel 11a is closed. Further, a reverse flow control valve 20 is arranged in the wind tunnel body 11 to prevent the occurrence of a reverse flow of a specified flow rate or more.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a constant-flow natural ventilation device provided by using a support frame of a building exterior plate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, windows of high-rise buildings and the like often have a structure in which the windows cannot be opened or closed due to winds stronger than the ground and safety considerations. In such a case, only a system in which ventilation of each floor / room is intensively performed in units of buildings by air-conditioning pipes is adopted. In this system, there is a possibility that indoor air may become dirty due to insufficient ventilation due to uneven air conditioning in some places. In order to solve such problems and realize more comfortable living and working environments, open the air on each floor and room without opening the windows and without any operation. It is desirable to adopt a structure that can be taken in and ventilated.

An air conditioner provided with a ventilation port on the outer wall of a building is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 6-89912. The technology disclosed in the publication is to provide air-conditioning by providing a heat exchanger in an air passage communicating with a ventilation port provided on the outer wall of the room. It is desirable to perform gentle ventilation from the viewpoint of energy saving and comfort, and it is desirable to realize such ventilation means.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned demands, and provides an apparatus capable of utilizing a natural force in a natural state to perform ventilation of a building, particularly gentle natural ventilation. What you want to do. In addition, a gentle natural ventilation with the outside air is performed not only due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the room, but also due to the difference in pressure between the upper and lower spaces due to the heating and cooling of the room.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a natural ventilation device for a fixed air volume of a building according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises disposing an exterior plate such as a glass plate on a building frame. At least one of the upper and lower support frames is formed with an air inlet and outlet communicating with the inside and outside of the building, and is opened and closed by the inflow air pressure regardless of the inflow speed of the outdoor air into the wind tunnel cylinder inside the frame communicating with the air inlet and outlet. And an air flow regulating valve that provides a substantially constant flow of air.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a natural ventilation device for a constant air volume of a building, wherein a backflow control valve is provided in the wind tunnel cylinder in addition to the above means.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a natural ventilation device for a constant air volume of a building, wherein an air filter is additionally provided in the wind tunnel cylinder in addition to the means of the first or second aspect.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (About the outline of the embodiment) A glass plate 2 as an exterior plate is arranged on an outer wall 1 of a building frame, and a sash or a curtain wall composed of upper and lower frames 3, 5 and the like supporting the glass plate 2 communicates with the inside and outside of the building. The air inlet / outlet 10a is formed integrally.

An air flow regulating valve 19 (lower frame 5 side) which opens and closes by an inflow air pressure according to the inflow speed of outside air, and an outflow speed of inside air into a wind tunnel cylinder 11 in the body communicating with the air inlet / outlet 10. Flow control valve 1 that opens and closes by air pressure
9 (the upper frame 3 side) are provided. On the lower frame 5 side,
When the inflow velocity of the outside air reaches a certain value, the air volume adjusting valve 19 is set to the closed position b and the wind tunnel 11a is substantially closed. Furthermore, wind tunnel 11
Inside a, there is provided a backflow control valve 20 which is opened and closed by the outflow air so that the room air does not flow out at a certain speed or higher. On the side of the upper frame 5, when the outflow speed of the inside air reaches a certain value, the air volume adjusting valve 19 is set to the closed position b and the wind tunnel 11a is substantially closed. Further, a backflow control valve 20 is provided in the wind tunnel cylinder 11 so as to be opened and closed by the inflow air so that the outside air does not flow at a certain speed or higher.

FIG. 1 is a partial front view of an outer wall of a building, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an outer panel of the same building, and FIGS. FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, glass plates 2 to serve as exterior plates are sequentially juxtaposed in the horizontal direction between concrete outer walls 1, 1 provided at regular intervals vertically, that is, in openings corresponding to each floor. Each of the glass plates 2 is composed of a large-area glass main plate 2a arranged at an upper part and a small-area glass sub-plate 2b arranged at a lower part. It is supported by a frame 3, an intermediate frame 4, a lower frame 5, and a vertical frame (not shown). The upper frame 3, the intermediate frame 4, the lower frame 5, and the vertical frame are appropriately fixed to the main frame 6 or the framing of the building by known means.
A sealing material 7 is arranged between the concrete wall 5 and the concrete outer wall 1. In FIG. 3, a floor plate 8 and a ceiling plate 9 are provided on the indoor side.

(Concerning Constant Air Volume Natural Ventilation System A) A constant air volume natural ventilation system A (hereinafter abbreviated as “ventilation system A”) of a building according to the present embodiment has a glass plate 2 and a support frame for supporting the glass plate 2. Are provided on the lower frame 5 and the upper frame 3 constituting the supporting frame of the sash, respectively, but either one of them is also possible.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Are arranged at intermediate positions in the horizontal direction of the upper and lower frames 3 and 5 for supporting the respective frames.

First, the ventilation device A provided on the lower frame 5 will be described with reference to FIG. The air inlet / outlet 10 is formed in the lower frame 5. A wind tunnel tube 11 is provided on the indoor side of the air inlet / outlet 10, and a wind tunnel 10 a following the air inlet / outlet 10 communicates with the wind tunnel 11 a of the wind tunnel tube 11. The wind tunnel cylinder 11 is formed in a vertical cross section in a J-shape, and has a wind tunnel 1 at its center.
1a is formed. The lower end of the wind tunnel cylinder 11 is integrally attached to the lower frame 5 by the fixing tool 12, and the upper end is connected to the floor panel opening 8a on the indoor side.

The wind tunnel cylinder 11 is formed in a pipe shape having a substantially rectangular cross section, and is formed of an inner wall cylinder 13 and an outer wall cylinder 14 formed of a metal alloy such as an aluminum alloy. A sound absorbing material 15 such as glass wool is disposed in the intermediate gap. The wind tunnel cylinder 11 is attached to the main frame 6 of the building by attaching portions 16 provided at a plurality of locations outside the outer wall cylinder 14.
It is fixed to the frame by known means. For this reason, the outer wall tube 14
In order to provide the mounting portion 16, it is rational from the viewpoint of manufacture that it is formed from a plurality of members.

An air filter 17 is disposed near the indoor exit of the wind tunnel cylinder 11 so as to cross the wind tunnel 11a, and a screen 18 for insect and bird protection is provided near the air entrance 10 so as to cross the wind tunnel 10a. Deploy. Further, an air flow adjusting valve 19 for adjusting the blown air is provided near the air filter 17 in the wind tunnel 11a of the wind tunnel cylinder 11, and a backflow control valve 20 for controlling the discharge of the inside air is provided on the air inlet / outlet 10 side.

(Regarding Air Flow Adjusting Valve 19) Since the air flow adjusting valve 19 is provided in the wind tunnels 11a on both sides of the upper and lower frames 3, 5, the air flow adjusting valve 19 is not limited to the air flow adjusting valve 19 on the lower frame 5, but will be described in common. . The air volume adjusting valve 19 for adjusting the air volume in the wind tunnel 11a is formed as a wing-shaped wing piece 21 in the direction of air flow as shown in FIG. Slot 2 drilled along the length of
2, the shaft 23 is inserted and fixed, and the shaft 23 is inserted in the wind tunnel 11a.
It is arranged to be rotatable around.

The wing piece 21 is rotatably supported in the wind tunnel 11a of the wind tunnel cylinder 11 so as to be rotatable within a set angle range as shown by solid and broken lines in FIGS. The position of the shaft 23 in the long hole 22 is adjustable and fixable, and the length of the long side 21a and the short side 21b is adjustable with the shaft 23 as a fulcrum. Further, a stopper (not shown) is provided on the blade piece 21 or the shaft 23 so that the long side 21a does not move downward beyond this position. The long side 21a of the blade piece 21 is configured to move upward in accordance with the degree of the wind speed.

In arranging the wing pieces 21 in the wind tunnel 11a, it is necessary to rotate and swing the wing pieces 21 at substantially fixed positions in the wind tunnel 11a as described above. Need to be adjustable. Wing piece 21
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, when the wind speed is normal, the position is indicated by a solid line, and the wind tunnel 11a is kept open by inclining by a set amount. For example, when the wind speed is 3 m / sec or less, the air flow regulating valve 19 is set to hold the position a indicated by the solid line. When the wind speed is 3 m / sec or more, the wing piece 21 rotates in the direction of the arrow α due to the wind pressure of the air (kinetic energy of the air flow), and the moving area of the air in the wind tunnel 11a decreases according to the wind speed. Will be squeezed. As a result, the moving air amount becomes substantially constant regardless of the wind speed.

In order to make the rotation of the wing piece 21 proportional to the wind speed, the rotation resistance of the wing piece 21 is appropriately set. The wing piece 21 may be made of a synthetic resin or an aluminum alloy, and the wing piece may have a shape easily affected by wind pressure. Figure 1,
4, in order to prevent the rotation of the wing piece 21 from rotating beyond the position b, a rotation stopper (not shown) is provided on the inner surface of the inner wall tube 13 or the length of the wing piece 21 is increased. A configuration in which the end 21 abuts on the inner surface of the inner wall tube 13 to disable rotation may be employed. Therefore, when the wind speed is equal to or higher than a certain value, the air volume adjusting valve 19 is driven by the wind speed energy to rotate
, And the wind tunnel 11a is narrowed by rotating in accordance with the wind speed.
As a result, the flow rate of air becomes constant.

An air guide projection 24 is provided on the inner wall tube 13 near the lower end of the air flow regulating valve 19 at the initial setting position along the rotation locus of the lower end of the air flow regulating valve 19, so that the air flow can be efficiently performed. The air flow regulating valve 19 is formed so as to be guided to the long side 21a. The rotation characteristics of the wing piece 21 are as follows.
The adjustment is performed by an elastic body (not shown) such as a spring. In this case, the spring controls the rotational force of the shaft 23, and the spring itself is disposed outside the wind tunnel cylinder 11.

(About the backflow control valve 20) Since the backflow control valve 20 is provided in the wind tunnels 11a on both sides of the upper and lower frames 3 and 5, it is not limited to the backflow control valve 20 on the lower frame 5 side, but will be described in common. . In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a check valve 20 is provided in the wind tunnel 11a. The backflow control valve 20 is for controlling the backflow of the air in the wind tunnel 11a. The structure of the backflow control valve 20 is basically the same as that of the airflow regulating valve 19. The difference from the air flow regulating valve 19 is that the long side 21a is located on the upstream side in the case of backflow and is lowered. Therefore, when the backflow velocity becomes equal to or higher than the set value, the backflow control valve 20 rotates to reduce the backflow, and in some cases, closes the wind tunnel 11a.

(Regarding Ventilation Device A in Upper Frame) FIG.
The ventilation device A provided in the upper frame 3 is shown. The air volume adjustment valve 19 and the backflow control valve 20 in the ventilation device A have basically the same configuration as the air volume adjustment valve 19 and the backflow control valve 20 provided on the lower frame 5 as described above. In this ventilator A, the air flow regulating valve 19 is disposed on the indoor side, and the reverse flow control valve 20 is provided.
Is placed outside the room. Air flow regulating valve 19 and check valve 2
The action of 0 is the same as that of the air volume adjusting valve 19 and the backflow control valve 20 provided in the lower frame 5. Due to the increase in the indoor air pressure, the indoor air flows out of the wind tunnel 11a of the ventilation device A of the upper frame 3, but at this time, the air volume adjusting valve 19 rotates in the α direction from the position a according to the speed of the air flow, It flows out at a constant flow rate.

On the other hand, when there is a backflow from the outside in the wind tunnel 11a, the backflow control valve 20 rotates in the α direction from the position a to the position b, ie, the wind tunnel The stopper 11 comes into contact with the stopper 25 and stops at the position b where the shutter 11a is fully closed. At this time, the air flow regulating valve 19 rotates from the position a to the position c, and does not function at all in the reverse flow of the wind.

(Effects of Embodiment) In this embodiment, the ventilation device A is provided on the upper and lower frames 3 and 5 of the exterior panel, so that outside air can flow in or out of the ceiling plate 9 and the floor plate 8 in the room. Not only the natural ventilation accompanying the outflow of indoor air is performed, but also the room is constantly ventilated at a constant air volume regardless of the degree of the flow of the outdoor wind. In addition to the difference in air pressure between the inside and outside of the room, the outside air is taken in from the ventilation system A of the lower frame 5 and the wind tunnel 10a of the ventilation system A of the upper frame 3 due to the air pressure difference between the upper and lower spaces due to the heating and cooling of the indoor space. By exhausting indoor air, gentle and quantitative natural ventilation is provided.

At this time, each air flow adjusting valve 19 and the backflow control valve 20 are set at the initial set position a, the closed position b, and the non-functional position c.
Will be rotated appropriately to each position. In particular, the backflow control valve 20 can be provided with a function as an outflow air prevention valve (stopper) by setting the backflow control valve 20 to the position b immediately after the outflow airflow is present.

(Regarding Other Embodiments) In the above embodiment, the air volume adjusting valve 19 and the backflow control valve 20 are opened and closed only by the operation of air pressure (wind speed energy). For example, it can be operated by an electric motor (not shown), and forcibly opens and closes the air volume adjustment valve 19 and the backflow control valve 20, or adjusts the rotation angle of the air volume adjustment valve 19 and the backflow control valve 20 corresponding to the wind speed. Adjustment, for example, adjustment of the restoring force of the air volume adjustment valve 19 and the backflow control valve 20 by a spring (not shown), and adjustment of the ratio of the length of the long side 21a to the short side 21b by the long hole 22 May be controlled.

The ventilator A of the upper frame 3 operates only the air volume adjusting valve 19, and the ventilator A of the lower frame 5 operates the backflow control valve 2.
It is also possible to make the room air circulate at a steady speed only by wind power by operating only 0. In the present invention, the ventilation device A is provided on the upper and lower frames 3 and 5 of the exterior plate.
Or the upper and lower frames 3, 5
Instead, it may be provided at one place on the outer wall of a normal building or on the upper and lower sides of the outer wall of the room space to promote the circulation of room air in conjunction with ventilation.

Further, for example, one air flow regulating valve 19 may be provided at the lower part of the north wall of the building, and the other air flow regulating valve 19 may be provided at the upper part of the south wall, so that ventilation and indoor convection can be simultaneously realized. . In this example, the upper and lower positions of the air flow regulating valve 19 may be reversed, or may be the case of an east-west wall. Of course, the south wall and the east wall may be used. Further, in the above embodiment, the wind tunnel is formed by using the upper and lower support frames 3 and 5 of the glass plate. However, the present invention can be applied to the outer wall of a normal building.

[0028]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained by the above configuration. 1. According to the first aspect of the present invention, regardless of the outdoor wind speed, by providing the air volume adjusting valve that opens and closes by the inflow air pressure and makes the amount of inflow air substantially constant, substantially constant ventilation is performed only by natural force. Thus, a device excellent in energy saving and safety can be obtained. In addition, by providing the air volume adjusting valve in an air tunnel arranged above and below the floor and ceiling, ventilation at a constant flow rate during heating and cooling can be realized. Therefore, the flow rate of the air in the room is limited so that the documents do not fly, and there is no case that the temperature is too cold in winter. In addition, by arranging the air volume adjusting valve, a comfortable space can be realized by suppressing intrusion of dust and noise outside the room.

2. According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, by installing a check valve in the wind tunnel cylinder, it is possible to control and prevent excessive outflow of room air. In particular, the backflow control valve can be provided with a function as an outflow air prevention valve (stopper) by setting the closing of the wind tunnel as soon as there is an outflow airflow.

3. According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first or second aspect, by providing an air filter inside the wind tunnel cylinder, it is possible to simultaneously achieve intrusion of outdoor dust and purification of inflowing outside air. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial front view of an outer wall of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an exterior plate portion of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a lower frame and an intermediate frame supporting the armor plate of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an upper frame portion supporting the exterior plate of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

A: Constant air volume natural ventilation device 1 ... Outer wall (of building frame) 2 ... Exterior plate (glass plate) 2a ... Glass main plate 2b ... Glass sub plate 3 ... Upper frame (support) 4) Intermediate frame 5 ... Lower frame (support frame) 6 ... Main frame 7 ... Seal material 8 ... Floor plate 8a ... Floor plate opening 9 ... Ceiling plate 10・ Air inlet / outlet 10a ・ ・ Wind tunnel 11 ・ ・ Wind tunnel tube 11a ・ ・ Wind tunnel 12 ・ ・ Fixing fixture 13 ・ ・ Inner wall tube 14 ・ ・ Outer wall tube 15 ・ ・ Sound absorbing material 16 ・ ・ Mounting part 17 ・ ・ Air filter 18 ・ ・ ( Screen for insect and bird protection 19) Air flow control valve 20 Check flow control valve 21 Wing piece 21a Long side 21b Short side 22 ... Long hole 23 Shaft 24 Air Guide protrusion 25 ··· Stopper a: Initial setting position of air flow adjusting valve 19 and check valve 20 b: Air flow adjustment Wind tunnel closing position of the valve 19 and the backflow control valve 20 c: Non-functional position of the air flow regulating valve 19 and the backflow control valve 20 α: Rotation direction of the blade piece

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Osamu Arayama 550 Hayakawa, Takaoka City, Toyama Prefecture Inside Tateyama Aluminum Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshikazu Nomura 550 Hayakawa Horikawa City, Toyama Prefecture Tateyama Aluminum Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kunihiko Ebitani 550 Hayakawa, Takaoka City, Toyama Prefecture, Tateyama Aluminum Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Atsushi Nakamura 550 Hayakawa, Takaoka City, Toyama Prefecture, Tateyama Aluminum Industry Co., Ltd. 550 Hayakawa, Takaoka Prefecture, Japan Tateyama Aluminum Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuhiko Mori Hayakawa, Takaoka City, Toyama Prefecture

Claims (3)

[Claims] An exterior plate such as a glass plate is disposed on a building frame, and at least one of upper and lower support frames of the exterior plate is formed with an air inlet / outlet communicating with the inside and outside of the building, and a frame communicating with the air inlet / outlet. A constant air volume natural ventilation device for a building, wherein an air volume adjusting valve is provided in an internal wind tunnel cylinder to open and close by an inflow air pressure to make an inflow air amount substantially constant regardless of an inflow speed of outdoor air. 2. The constant ventilation natural ventilation system for a building according to claim 1, wherein a backflow control valve is additionally provided in the wind tunnel cylinder. 3. The constant air volume natural ventilation device for a building according to claim 1, wherein an air filter is provided inside the wind tunnel cylinder.