JPH10228022A - Liquid crystal display device and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To exclude a factor which impedes optical modulation and to make an excellent display by providing a spacer made of organic resin in an area of an active matrix which does not contributes to optical modulation. SOLUTION: A pixel electrode 102 is provided having its periphery overlapping with a black matrix 101, and the spacer 104 made of organic resin is provided above the back matrix 101 (A). Namely, the spacer 104 is provided in the area of the active material which does not contribute optical modulation. In constitution (B) which is not provided with the black matrix, a spacer 115 formed of organic resin is provided in an area above wires such as a scanning line 111, a signal line 112 namely, the area which does not contribute optical modulation as well. To obtain this constitution, the spacers 104 and 105 made of organic resin are formed at desired positions in the area which does not contribute to optical modulation by photolithography or printing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The invention disclosed in the present specification is:
The present invention relates to a structure for maintaining a distance between substrates of a liquid crystal display device and a manufacturing method thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Active matrix type liquid crystal display devices are widely used because they provide high-quality images with good responsiveness.

In general, a liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal layer provided with a predetermined orientation disposed between a pair of substrates.

[0004] The substrate spacing of the liquid crystal display device is maintained uniform between the substrates. For example, in the case of a TN type liquid crystal display device,
It is about 8 μm. In order to maintain the distance between the substrates, a spacer is generally used. The spacer is made of particles of silica or the like having the same diameter as the distance between the substrates, and is uniformly dispersed between the substrates.

[0005]

Since the spacers are scattered and arranged on one of the substrates, they also exist on the pixel electrodes in an active matrix type liquid crystal display device.

However, unlike liquid crystal molecules, the spacer itself does not perform optical modulation even when an electric field is applied. Therefore, for example, even if an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal molecules so as to obtain a dark state, optical modulation is not performed in the place where the spacer exists, and light leaks, so that a complete dark state cannot be obtained. As a result, there is a problem that the contrast is reduced.

In particular, in recent years, in order to display a high-definition image such as a high-definition image, the size of each pixel of the liquid crystal display device tends to be reduced.

As a result, for example, in a pixel electrode, a region which does not contribute to optical modulation (in this specification, a region where a pixel electrode does not exist among a region where a pixel electrode Even if the direction of the liquid crystal molecules changes when the electric field is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode by overlapping the black matrix (light shielding film), the wiring, the thin film transistor, the auxiliary capacitance, and the like in the electrode area, When the size of an area (referred to as an optical modulation area) excluding a transmission (transmissive liquid crystal display device) or a reflection (defined as an area where no reflection liquid crystal display device is performed) becomes 50 μm square, a diameter of 5 μm Even if there are five spacers, about 1/25 of the area is occupied by the spacers, is not optically modulated, and does not contribute to display.

Since the particle size and the scatter density of the spacer do not change much even if the size of the pixel is reduced, this tendency becomes more conspicuous as the size of the pixel becomes smaller.

Further, in a projection type liquid crystal display device, a so-called projector, a shadow of a spacer is displayed on an image projected on a screen via the liquid crystal display device.
After all, the image quality such as contrast is deteriorated.

In the case of a projector, a very small liquid crystal display device having a diagonal size of several inches or less is used as an image display device. Therefore, in each pixel of the liquid crystal display device, the ratio of the spacer occupying the optical modulation region is large.

Further, in the projector, an image transmitted or reflected by the small liquid crystal display device is enlarged to several tens to several hundred inches by an optical system. Therefore, the influence of the spacers in the optical modulation area appears remarkably on the image, and the image quality is greatly reduced.

In view of the above problems, it is an object of the invention disclosed in this specification to provide a liquid crystal display device with good display by eliminating elements that hinder optical modulation.

[0014]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, one of the structures disclosed in the present specification is to dispose at least a first substrate having an active matrix and an opposing first substrate. A second substrate having a counter electrode, a sealing material disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and provided at least around the active matrix, A liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal material arranged in a region, and a spacer made of an organic resin provided in a region not contributing to optical modulation of the active matrix.

In the above liquid crystal display device, the position where the spacer made of an organic resin is provided may be above the black matrix constituting the active matrix and / or
Alternatively, it may be above the wiring constituting the active matrix.

[0016] Alternatively, of the regions that do not contribute to the optical modulation of the active matrix, the region may be a region where the wiring constituting the active matrix is provided, and may be above a region other than the intersection of the wiring.

[0017] Alternatively, of the regions that do not contribute to the optical modulation of the active matrix, the region may be above a region where the switching elements constituting the active matrix are not provided.

In addition, of the regions that do not contribute to the optical modulation of the active matrix, the regions other than the intersections of the wirings that form the active matrix and that are not provided with the switching elements that form the active matrix. Above.

Alternatively, of the regions that do not contribute to the optical modulation of the active matrix, the region may be on a region where a storage capacitor of a pixel is formed.

Alternatively, of the regions that do not contribute to the optical modulation of the active matrix, the region may be on a region other than the high region.

In the above liquid crystal display device, the first substrate has at least an active matrix and a peripheral driving circuit for driving the active matrix, and the sealing material includes at least the active matrix and the peripheral driving circuit. It may be provided surrounding.

At this time, the spacer made of an organic resin constitutes the peripheral driving circuit on at least a part of the region where the peripheral driving circuit is provided or in the region where the peripheral driving circuit is provided. May be provided above a region where no thin film transistor exists.

In the liquid crystal display device, the sealing material and the spacer made of the organic resin may be made of the same material.

In the above liquid crystal display device, the spacer made of an organic resin is preferably made of at least one resin material selected from epoxy, acrylic and polyimide.

According to another structure disclosed in this specification, at least on a first substrate having an active matrix, an organic resin serving as a spacer is provided on a region not contributing to optical modulation of the active matrix, and A step of simultaneously forming an organic resin serving as a sealant on a peripheral portion, and bonding the first substrate and a second substrate provided with a counter electrode to form an organic resin and a sealant serving as the spacer; And a step of curing an organic resin.

In another configuration, a region not contributing to optical modulation of the active matrix and the peripheral drive circuit are provided on a first substrate having at least an active matrix and a peripheral drive circuit for driving the active matrix. Simultaneously forming an organic resin serving as a spacer on a region where the active matrix is provided and an organic resin serving as a sealant on a peripheral portion of a region where the active matrix and the peripheral drive circuit are provided; Bonding the substrate and the second substrate provided with the counter electrode, and curing the organic resin serving as the spacer and the organic resin serving as the sealant. is there.

In the above manufacturing method, the organic resin serving as a sealing material and the organic resin serving as a spacer may be formed by a printing method.

In another configuration, a region not contributing to optical modulation of the active matrix and a peripheral driving circuit are formed on a first substrate having at least an active matrix and a peripheral driving circuit for driving the active matrix. Forming a spacer with an organic resin on a region where the substrate is located, and surrounding at least the active matrix and the peripheral driving circuit of the opposing first substrate on the peripheral portion of the second substrate provided with the counter electrode. A liquid crystal display comprising: a step of forming an organic resin to be a sealing material as described above; and a step of bonding the first substrate and the second substrate and curing the organic resin to be the sealing material. This is a method for manufacturing the device.

In this manufacturing method, the spacer made of an organic resin may be formed by photolithography or printing.

[0030]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a basic configuration of the invention disclosed in this specification. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a part of the active maritox of the liquid crystal display device disclosed in this specification.

In FIG. 1A, a pixel electrode 102 is provided so that its periphery overlaps with a black matrix 101. Above the black matrix 101, a spacer 104 made of an organic resin is provided. That is, the spacer made of an organic resin is provided in a region of the active matrix that does not contribute to optical modulation.

That is, in FIG. 1A, the spacer 104 made of an organic resin is
It does not exist in the optical modulation area 103. Therefore, there are no elements in the optical modulation area that hinder optical modulation.

FIG. 1B shows an example of the present invention in a configuration in which a black matrix is not provided in an active matrix.

In FIG. 1B, the active matrix includes a scanning line 111 connected to the gate of the thin film transistor 114 and a signal line 11 connected to the source.
2. The pixel electrode 113 is connected to the drain.

Then, a spacer 115 made of an organic resin is used.
Are provided in a region above the wiring such as the scanning line 111 and the signal line 112, that is, in a region which does not contribute to optical modulation as in FIG.

That is, in FIG. 1B, the spacer 115 made of an organic resin
It does not exist in the optical modulation area. Therefore, there are no elements in the optical modulation area that hinder optical modulation.

According to the configuration of the present invention, a region where optical modulation is not caused by the existence of the spacer in the related art is eliminated, and a display with higher contrast can be performed. In particular, display quality can be improved in a small liquid crystal display device having a diagonal size of several inches or less.

In particular, a high-quality image without a shadow of a spacer can be obtained in an image projected on a projection display device using a liquid crystal display device as an image display device, that is, a so-called projector screen.

In the structure of the present invention, the size and number of the spacer made of an organic resin are arbitrary as long as the spacer is provided in a region that does not contribute to optical modulation and a predetermined substrate interval can be maintained.

When the liquid crystal material is injected between the substrates by a vacuum injection method, the liquid crystal material is not hindered from being injected.
It is important to pay attention to the shape, size, number, etc. of the spacers made of organic resin.

Although not shown, an auxiliary capacitor is formed by arranging an electrode on the pixel electrode 102 or 113 in a transmissive liquid crystal display device, and a light-transmitting region is formed in the pixel electrode region occupied by the auxiliary capacitor. Is decreasing,
It is effective to form a spacer made of an organic resin on the region where the auxiliary capacitance is formed.

As a method for obtaining the structure shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a spacer made of an organic resin is formed by photolithography or printing on a substrate provided with an active matrix which has been subjected to an alignment process. Is formed at a desired position in a region that does not contribute to optical modulation.

In the case where the spacer made of an organic resin is formed by printing, various printing methods can be used.
This is preferable because printing on an area of about 0 μm can be performed relatively accurately.

The invention disclosed in this specification can be implemented in any of a transmission type liquid crystal display device and a reflection type liquid crystal display device.

[0045]

【Example】

[Embodiment 1] Embodiment 1 is an example in which, in a liquid crystal display device integrated with a peripheral driving circuit, a spacer made of an organic resin is formed in a region that does not contribute to optical modulation, and no spacer is present in the optical modulation region. Is shown.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the liquid crystal display device shown in this embodiment. In FIG. 2, a first substrate 201 includes a scan line driver circuit 204, a signal line driver circuit 205, and an active matrix 206 each including a thin film transistor.
Is provided. Further, a second substrate (counter substrate) 202 provided with a not-shown counter electrode is provided via a seal member 203 provided around the active matrix 206. First substrate 201 and second substrate 20
A liquid crystal material (not shown) is arranged in a region between the two and surrounded by the sealing material 203.

When a part of the active matrix 206 is enlarged, it has a structure shown in FIG. 1A or 1B, and a spacer made of an organic resin is provided in a region which does not contribute to optical modulation. Here, an epoxy resin was used as the organic resin. Alternatively, acrylic or polyimide may be used.

With such a configuration, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device having good image quality without optical modulation interference by the spacer. When the liquid crystal display device shown in this embodiment is used as an image display device of a projector, the shadow of the spacer is not projected on the screen at all, and extremely excellent image quality can be obtained.

[Embodiment 2] In Embodiment 2, an example of a manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device shown in Embodiment 1 will be described. FIG. 4 shows a manufacturing process in this embodiment.

In FIG. 2, the first substrate 401 has a peripheral drive circuit region (a region where the peripheral drive circuit is provided) 4
21 and an active matrix area (area where the active matrix is provided) 422. Both the peripheral driving circuit and the active matrix have the thin film transistor 402 as a main component. And it is protected by the interlayer insulating film 403.

In the active matrix region 422, a pixel electrode 405 is connected to each thin film transistor, and a black matrix 406 is provided to form a pixel. Further, an alignment film 406 that has been subjected to an alignment treatment is provided on the uppermost surface.

First, an active matrix is provided.
On the upper surface of the first substrate 401 subjected to the alignment treatment, a photosensitive organic resin which is cured by irradiation with light such as ultraviolet rays, here, an epoxy resin, is applied as an organic resin material constituting a spacer made of an organic resin.

For application, it is important that the thickness of the epoxy resin applied becomes uniform within the substrate surface. Application is
This is performed using a spin coater. Alternatively, a roll coater may be used, or a spray method or a screen printing method may be used.

It is important that the thickness of the epoxy resin to be applied is adjusted so that the finally obtained thickness matches the desired substrate interval, taking into account the volume shrinkage after curing. In this embodiment, the film thickness finally obtained after curing is 5
An epoxy resin is applied to a thickness of μm.

Next, light for curing the organic resin, for example, ultraviolet light, is irradiated on the organic resin through a mask provided with a pattern for arranging the spacers. Is exposed above the substrate so that the organic resin remains to form a spacer.

When the black matrix 404 is not provided, light is exposed so that the organic resin remains above the signal lines and scanning lines of the active matrix. That is, the organic resin is allowed to remain only above a region of the pixel electrode region that does not contribute to optical modulation.

Next, the epoxy resin that has not been cured in the previous ultraviolet light irradiation step is removed by a known method to form a spacer 407 made of an organic resin. (FIG. 4 (A))

Next, a sealing material is formed on the opposing second substrate. In FIG. 4B, a second substrate 408 which is a counter substrate is provided with a counter electrode 409 and an alignment film 410 thereover on one surface.

Then, an epoxy resin mixed with spherical spacers such as silica spheres is printed on the periphery of the second substrate 408 by a screen printing method to form a sealing material 411. (FIG. 4 (B))

In the present embodiment, the spacer 407 made of an organic resin allows a considerably accurate distance between substrates to be obtained at the time of bonding, so that there is no need to mix spherical spacers into the organic resin forming the sealant 411.

When spacers made of an organic resin are formed on the first substrate 401 where the seal material is to be formed so as to be scattered in the same manner as in the active matrix region 422, the seal material can be formed. There is no need to mix a spherical spacer into the organic resin.

After that, the sealing material 41 of the second substrate 408
1 is formed facing the surface of the first substrate 401 on which the spacer 407 made of an organic resin is formed, and the sealing material 41 is formed by a curing process such as ultraviolet irradiation.
1 is cured.

Thereafter, the first substrate 401 and the second substrate 4
08 and the liquid crystal material 412 by a known vacuum injection method.
Is injected and sealed.

Thereafter, a polarizing plate, wiring, and the like (not shown) are provided to complete a liquid crystal display device having no spacer in the optical modulation region. (FIG. 4 (C))

In this embodiment, the sealing material 411 is the second material.
This is formed by printing on the substrate 408 of the first substrate 401, which has the meaning of preventing the spacer 407 made of an organic resin already formed on the first substrate 401 from being destroyed in the printing process. Of course, if printing can be performed without breaking the spacer 407 made of an organic resin, the sealing material 411 may be printed on the first substrate.

In this embodiment, as the organic resin constituting the spacer 407 made of an organic resin, one having the property of being cured by light and heat (for example, an acrylic modified epoxy resin) is used. After the alignment, heating may be performed, preferably heating while pressing the substrate surface.

Thus, the inner surfaces of the first and second substrates are bonded by the spacer 407 made of an organic resin,
It is possible to prevent an increase in the distance between the substrates. Therefore, it is particularly effective in a liquid crystal display device having a large substrate area.

In this embodiment, no general particulate spacer is scattered. However, in order to increase the strength against substrate pressing or to maintain more accurate substrate spacing, particulate spacers may be scattered and arranged. In this case, the spherical spacer is a spacer 407 made of an organic resin.
Are sprayed on the first substrate 401 side on which is formed.

Even in such a case, the space between the substrates can be sufficiently maintained by the spacer 407 made of an organic resin even with a much smaller spray amount. As a result, image quality such as contrast can be improved.

The spacer 407 made of an organic resin may be formed by using an organic resin mixed with a particulate spacer having the same diameter as the distance between the substrates.

In this embodiment, the first substrate 40
The first and second substrates 408 may be exchanged, and a sealant 411 may be formed on the first substrate 401 side and a spacer 407 made of an organic resin may be formed on the second substrate 408 side.

[Embodiment 3] In this embodiment, an example in which a spacer 407 made of an organic resin is formed by printing in the manufacturing process of the embodiment 2 will be described.

In this embodiment, a spacer 407 made of an organic resin is printed on the upper surface of the first substrate 401 on which an active matrix is provided and which has been subjected to an alignment treatment, in the same manner as in the second embodiment by using a relief printing method. I do. As a printing method, another printing method, for example, a screen printing method may be used. As the organic resin, a light-curing type or a thermosetting type is used.

In order to make the height of the formed spacers more uniform, it is effective to mix spherical spacers having the same diameter as the substrate spacing in the printed organic resin.

Next, the organic resin is cured by light or heat to form a spacer 407 made of the organic resin.

Thereafter, in the same manner as in the second embodiment, a liquid crystal display device is manufactured through processes such as formation of the sealing material 411 and bonding of the substrates.

In this embodiment, an organic resin constituting the spacer 407 made of an organic resin is printed, a sealing material 411 is printed on the opposing second substrate, and the substrates are bonded together. In the curing step, the spacer made of the organic resin and the sealing material may be cured together.

Thus, the inner surfaces of the first and second substrates are bonded by the spacer 407 made of an organic resin,
It is possible to prevent an increase in the distance between the substrates. Therefore, it is particularly effective for a liquid crystal display device having a large substrate area.

Further, while using only the printing method, different materials can be easily used as the organic resin for forming the spacer made of the organic resin and the organic resin for forming the sealing material, and a more optimized structure can be obtained.

Fourth Embodiment In a fourth embodiment, an example of another manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device shown in the first embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, an example of a step of simultaneously forming a spacer made of an organic resin and a sealant by a printing method will be described.

FIG. 5 shows the manufacturing process of this embodiment. In FIG. 5, the same components as those in FIG. 4 indicate the same components. The conditions, materials, and the like are the same as in Example 2 unless otherwise specified.

First, an active matrix is provided.
A spacer 4 made of an organic resin is formed on the upper surface of the first substrate 401 that has been subjected to the orientation treatment by using a printing method, here, a letterpress printing method.
07 and the sealant 501 are printed with an organic resin. As a printing method, another printing method, for example, a screen printing method may be used.

Next, a second substrate 408, which is a counter substrate on which an alignment film is formed, is overlapped with a surface of the first substrate on which a spacer 407 made of an organic resin and a sealant 501 are formed. Deploy.

Next, the organic resin is cured by light or heat. Then, the spacer 407 made of an organic resin and the sealant 501 are attached to the first substrate 401 and the second substrate 408.
It cures in close contact with the surface.

The subsequent steps are the same as in the second embodiment.

In the manufacturing method shown in this embodiment, the spacer and the sealing material made of the organic resin are formed at the same time, so that the manufacturing process can be shortened.

The sealing material made of an organic resin and the spacer made of an organic resin are usually formed of the same material since they are formed in the same step, but they may be made of different materials.

Further, in the liquid crystal display device manufactured by the manufacturing method shown in this embodiment, the inner surfaces of the first and second substrates are bonded by the spacer 407 made of an organic resin to prevent the distance between the substrates from being enlarged. Can be. Therefore, it is particularly effective for a liquid crystal display device having a large substrate area.

[Fifth Embodiment] In the fifth embodiment, in the liquid crystal display device of the peripheral drive circuit integrated type, in which the opposing substrate is disposed so as to face not only the active matrix but also the peripheral drive circuit, An example in which a configuration in which a spacer does not exist in a modulation region is realized will be described.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the liquid crystal display device shown in this embodiment. 3, a first substrate 301 is provided with a scanning line driving circuit 304 including a thin film transistor, a signal line driving circuit 305, and an active matrix 306 as peripheral driving circuits.

A second substrate (counter substrate) 302 provided with a counter electrode (not shown) includes an active matrix 306, a scanning line driving circuit 304, and a signal line driving circuit 305.
Is provided via a seal member 303 provided around the periphery. A liquid crystal material (not shown) is arranged in a region between the first substrate 301 and the second substrate 302 surrounded by the sealant 303.

In this embodiment, the configuration of the active matrix 306 has the same configuration as that shown in FIG.

On the other hand, in a peripheral driving circuit area (area where the peripheral driving circuit is provided) 307, at least one of the scanning line driving circuit 304 and the signal line driving circuit 305 is provided.
A spacer made of an organic resin is provided above at least a part of the region.

The spacer made of organic resin in the peripheral drive circuit region 307 may be configured to cover the entire surface of at least a part of at least one of the scan line drive circuit 304 and the signal line drive circuit 305, or an active matrix. As in the case of 306, a plurality of columnar spacers may be provided.

Thus, in the active matrix 306, a liquid crystal display device of good image quality without interference of optical modulation by spacers can be obtained.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, in a liquid crystal display device having a structure in which an opposing second substrate 302 is provided so as to face a peripheral drive circuit, the peripheral drive circuit is externally provided by the second substrate. Protected from pressure etc.

When the conventional spherical spacer is scattered,
A hard spherical spacer also exists on the upper surface of the peripheral driving circuit, and as a result, when pressure is applied from the substrate surface, pressure concentrates on a very small area on the bottom surface of the spherical spacer, and the thin film transistor forming the driving circuit becomes There was a risk of being destroyed.

However, with the configuration shown in this embodiment, the scanning line driving circuit 304 and the signal line driving circuit 30
Since a spacer made of an organic resin is provided on the peripheral drive circuit region 307 such as 5, the problem of the thin film transistor being broken by the spherical spacer can be fundamentally solved.

That is, with the structure shown in this embodiment, it is possible to simultaneously obtain good display in the active matrix and excellent protection characteristics of the peripheral drive circuit formed on the same substrate as the active matrix.

Further, in the peripheral driving circuit region 307, a spacer made of an organic resin may be provided on a region where the thin film transistor constituting the peripheral driving circuit does not exist. By doing so, the destruction of the thin film transistor due to the pressing of the substrate is further reduced.

[Embodiment 6] In Embodiment 6, an example of a manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device shown in Embodiment 5 will be described. FIG. 6 shows a manufacturing process in this embodiment. The conditions that are not particularly described below are the same as in the second embodiment.

In FIG. 6, a first substrate 601 includes a peripheral driver circuit region 621 and an active matrix region 62.
Two. The peripheral driver circuit region 621 and the active matrix region 622 are both thin film transistors 602
Is the main component. Then, the interlayer insulating film 603
Protected by

In the active matrix region 622, a pixel electrode 605 is connected to each thin film transistor, and a black matrix 604 is provided to form a pixel. Further, an alignment film 606 that has been subjected to an alignment treatment is provided on the uppermost surface.

First, an active matrix is provided.
On the upper surface of the first substrate 601 that has been subjected to the alignment treatment, a photosensitive organic resin that is cured by irradiation with light such as ultraviolet rays, here, an epoxy resin, is applied as an organic resin material constituting a spacer made of an organic resin.

Next, light for curing the organic resin, for example, ultraviolet light, is irradiated to the organic resin through a mask provided with a spacer arrangement pattern, and the place where the spacer is to be arranged, here, the black matrix 604 Above and above the peripheral driving circuit region 621, the organic resin is exposed so that the organic resin remains to form a spacer.

Next, the organic resin that has not been cured in the previous ultraviolet irradiation step is removed by a known method, and spacers 607 and 608 made of the organic resin are formed. (FIG. 6 (A))

In this embodiment, the spacer 608 made of an organic resin is formed so as to cover the entire surface of the region above the peripheral drive circuit region 621, or so that a plurality of columnar spacers are scattered.

Next, a sealing material is formed on the opposing second substrate. In FIG. 6B, a second substrate 609 serving as a counter substrate has a counter electrode 610 and an alignment film 61 on one surface.
1 is provided.

Then, a sealant 612 is formed around the second substrate 609 in the same manner as in the second embodiment. (Figure 6
(B))

Thereafter, the sealing material 61 of the second substrate 609 is formed.
The surface on which the spacers 607 are formed is opposed to the surface of the first substrate 601 on which the spacer 607 made of an organic resin is formed, and the sealing member 612 is disposed by a curing process such as ultraviolet irradiation.
To cure.

Thereafter, the first substrate 601 and the second substrate 6
09 and the liquid crystal material 613 by a known vacuum injection method.
And sealing is performed.

Thereafter, a liquid crystal display device having a structure in which a spacer is not provided in the optical modulation region and which is prevented from being damaged by pressing the substrate of the peripheral drive circuit is completed by providing a polarizing plate, wiring, and the like (not shown). (FIG. 6 (C))

In this embodiment, a general particulate spacer can be dispersed by the same configuration as that shown in the second embodiment.

The spacers 607 and 608 made of an organic resin may be formed by using an organic resin mixed with a particulate spacer having the same diameter as the distance between the substrates.

In this embodiment, the first substrate 60
The first and second substrates 609 may be exchanged, and a sealant 612 may be formed on the first substrate 601 side, and spacers 607 and 608, which are organic resins, may be formed on the second substrate 609 side.

[Embodiment 7] In the embodiment 7, in the manufacturing process shown in the embodiment 6, the spacer 60 made of an organic resin is used.
An example is shown in which 7,608 is produced by a printing method by changing to photolithography. Various conditions are the same as in the second embodiment.

In the present embodiment, first, an active matrix is provided, and a first substrate 601 which has been subjected to an alignment process is provided.
In the same manner as in the sixth embodiment, the organic resin to be the spacers 607 and 608 made of the organic resin is formed on the upper surface of the substrate. A screen printing method may be used.

Next, the organic resin is cured to form spacers 607 and 608 made of the organic resin.

Thereafter, in the same manner as in the sixth embodiment, a liquid crystal display device is manufactured through processes such as formation of the sealing material 612 and bonding of the substrate.

In this embodiment, even if the printing process is divided between the organic resin spacer 607 provided in the active matrix region 621 and the organic resin spacer 608 and the sealing material 612 provided in the peripheral drive circuit region 622. Good. That is, the spacer 607 made of an organic resin may be formed by printing on the first substrate 601 side, and the spacer 608 made of an organic resin and the sealant 612 may be formed by printing on the second substrate 609 side.

[Eighth Embodiment] In an eighth embodiment, in the manufacturing process of the sixth embodiment, an example in which a spacer made of an organic resin and a peripheral sealing material are simultaneously formed by a printing method will be described.

FIG. 7 shows a manufacturing process of this embodiment. 7, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 6 indicate the same components. The conditions, materials, and the like are the same as in Example 4 unless otherwise specified.

First, an active matrix is provided.
A spacer 6 made of an organic resin is formed on the upper surface of the first substrate 601 that has been subjected to the alignment treatment by using a printing method, here, a relief printing method.
The organic resin is printed so as to form 07, 608, and the sealant 701. As a printing method, another printing method, for example, a screen printing method may be used.

Next, a second substrate 609, which is an opposite substrate on which an alignment film is formed, is overlapped with a surface of the first substrate on which spacers 607 and 608 made of organic resin and a sealant 701 are formed. Place them together.

Next, when a photo-curing type organic resin is used, the entire substrate is irradiated with light such as ultraviolet rays for curing the resin to cure the organic resin. When a thermosetting organic resin is used, the organic resin is cured by heating.

Then, the spacer 607 made of an organic resin,
The sealant 608 and the sealant 701 are hardened in close contact with the surfaces of the first substrate 601 and the second substrate 609.

The subsequent steps are the same as in the sixth embodiment.

[Embodiment 9] Embodiment 9 shows an example in which the arrangement position of the spacer made of organic resin is devised. FIG. 8 shows the configuration of this embodiment. In FIG. 8, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same components.

[0129] Of the elements constituting the active matrix, above the place where wiring such as signal lines and scanning lines intersect,
A plurality of wirings and the like are stacked above a switching element such as a thin film transistor and a region in the vicinity of the switching element. Generally, an interlayer insulating film is formed on a wiring or the like to achieve flattening.
Even in this case, the surface is often not sufficiently flattened.

On the other hand, in such a high place, poor alignment of liquid crystal molecules occurs. As a result, although the high region exists in the region that does not contribute to optical modulation,
Due to the presence of the high region, disclination (partial display disturbance, light leakage, etc.) is likely to occur in the optical modulation region. As a result, the contrast of the liquid crystal display device decreases.

When the spacer made of the organic resin is present at such a place where the height is increased, poor orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is promoted, the scale of the disclination is further increased, and the contrast and the image quality are reduced. I will.

In order to avoid such a situation, in this embodiment, a region having a high height in a region not contributing to optical modulation, such as an intersection between wirings or a place above a thin film transistor is provided. Shows a configuration in which no spacer made of an organic resin is arranged.

In FIG. 8A, a spacer 104 made of an organic resin is located above a black matrix which is a region which does not contribute to optical modulation, and avoids an intersection 801 of a wiring and a region 802 where a thin film transistor is provided. It is arranged on a relatively flat region, such as a region between wiring intersections.

Similarly, in FIG. 8B, the spacer 115 made of an organic resin is located above the wiring which is a region which does not contribute to optical modulation, and is located at the intersection 812 of the wiring and the region 812 where the thin film transistor 114 is provided. And is arranged on a relatively flat region, such as a region between intersections of wiring.

As a result, the occurrence of disclination due to poor alignment of liquid crystal molecules is greatly reduced.

According to the structure shown in this embodiment, it is possible not only to make no spacer exist in the optical modulation area but also to prevent the occurrence of disclination due to poor alignment of the area not contributing to the optical modulation. As a result, a high-quality liquid crystal display device with good contrast can be obtained.

In addition, in the transmission type liquid crystal display device, when the region where the storage capacitor is formed does not contribute to optical modulation, it is effective to provide a spacer made of an organic resin on the region.

Further, avoiding above the thin film transistor which is a switching element prevents the thin film transistor from being broken by pressing the substrate.

The structure shown in this embodiment can be applied to any of the structures shown in the first to eighth embodiments.

[0140]

According to the invention disclosed in the present specification, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device capable of displaying images without any spacer in the optical modulation region of the pixel electrode that hinders optical modulation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of the invention disclosed in this specification.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a manufacturing process of an example.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a manufacturing process of an example.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a manufacturing process of an example.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a manufacturing process of an example.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration example in the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Black matrix 102 Pixel electrode 103 Optical modulation area 104 Spacer made of organic resin 111 Scan line 112 Signal line 113 Pixel electrode 114 Thin film transistor 115 Spacer made of organic resin 201 First substrate 202 Second substrate 203 Seal material 204 Scan line drive Circuit 205 Signal line driving circuit 206 Active matrix 301 First substrate 302 Second substrate 303 Sealing material 304 Scanning line driving circuit 305 Signal line driving circuit 306 Active matrix

Claims (17)

[Claims] A first substrate having at least an active matrix; a second substrate having a counter electrode disposed opposite to the first substrate; and a first substrate and a second substrate. A seal material provided at least surrounding the active matrix, and a liquid crystal material disposed in a region inside the seal material, and an organic resin in a region not contributing to optical modulation of the active matrix. A liquid crystal display device comprising a spacer comprising: A first substrate having at least an active matrix; a second substrate having a counter electrode disposed opposite to the first substrate; and a first substrate and a second substrate. And a liquid crystal material disposed at least in a region inside the sealing material, the liquid crystal material being disposed between the sealing material, and above and / or above a black matrix constituting the active matrix. A liquid crystal display device, wherein a spacer made of an organic resin is provided above the wiring forming the active matrix. 3. A first substrate having at least an active matrix; a second substrate having a counter electrode disposed opposite to the first substrate; and a first substrate and a second substrate. And a liquid crystal material disposed in a region inside the sealing material, wherein the liquid crystal material is disposed in a region inside the sealing material, and the liquid crystal material does not contribute to optical modulation of the active matrix. A liquid crystal display device, wherein a spacer made of an organic resin is provided above a region other than a crossing point of the wiring in a region where the wiring forming the active matrix is provided. 4. A first substrate having at least an active matrix; a second substrate having a counter electrode disposed opposite to the first substrate; and a first substrate and a second substrate. And a liquid crystal material disposed in a region inside the sealing material, wherein the liquid crystal material is disposed in a region inside the sealing material, and the liquid crystal material does not contribute to optical modulation of the active matrix. A liquid crystal display device, wherein a spacer made of an organic resin is provided above a region where the switching elements constituting the active matrix are not provided. 5. A first substrate having at least an active matrix; a second substrate having a counter electrode disposed opposite to the first substrate; and a first substrate and a second substrate. And a liquid crystal material disposed in a region inside the sealing material, wherein the liquid crystal material is disposed in a region inside the sealing material, and the liquid crystal material does not contribute to optical modulation of the active matrix. A spacer made of an organic resin is provided in a region other than the intersections of the wirings forming the active matrix and above a region where the switching elements forming the active matrix are not provided. Liquid crystal display. 6. A first substrate having at least an active matrix; a second substrate having a counter electrode disposed opposite to the first substrate; and a first substrate and a second substrate. And a liquid crystal material disposed in a region inside the sealing material, wherein the liquid crystal material is disposed in a region inside the sealing material, and the liquid crystal material does not contribute to optical modulation of the active matrix. A liquid crystal display device, wherein a spacer made of an organic resin is provided on a region where an auxiliary capacitance of a pixel is formed. 7. A first substrate having at least an active matrix; a second substrate having a counter electrode disposed to face the first substrate; a first substrate and a second substrate; And a liquid crystal material disposed in a region inside the sealing material, wherein the liquid crystal material is disposed in a region inside the sealing material, and the liquid crystal material does not contribute to optical modulation of the active matrix. A liquid crystal display device, wherein a spacer made of an organic resin is provided on a region other than a region having a high height. 8. The first substrate according to claim 1, wherein the first substrate has at least an active matrix and a peripheral driving circuit for driving the active matrix, and the sealing material is at least the active matrix and the peripheral driving circuit. A liquid crystal display device provided so as to surround a circuit. 9. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 8, wherein the spacer made of an organic resin is provided on at least a part of a region where the peripheral driving circuit is provided. 10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the spacer made of an organic resin is provided above a region where the thin film transistor constituting the peripheral drive circuit is not present in a region where the peripheral drive circuit is provided. Characteristic liquid crystal display device. 11. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein said sealing material and said spacer made of organic resin are made of the same material. 12. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the spacer made of an organic resin is made of at least one resin material selected from epoxy, acrylic, and polyimide. 13. An organic resin serving as a spacer on a region not contributing to optical modulation of the active matrix on at least a first substrate having an active matrix, and a sealing material on a peripheral portion of the active matrix. A step of simultaneously forming an organic resin; and a step of bonding the first substrate and a second substrate provided with a counter electrode, and curing an organic resin serving as the spacer and an organic resin serving as a sealant. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, comprising: 14. On a first substrate having at least an active matrix and a peripheral drive circuit for driving the active matrix, a region not contributing to optical modulation of the active matrix and a region provided with the peripheral drive circuit A step of simultaneously forming an organic resin serving as a spacer, and an organic resin serving as a sealing material on a peripheral portion of a region where the active matrix and the peripheral driving circuit are provided; Bonding a second substrate provided with a counter electrode and curing the organic resin serving as the spacer and the organic resin serving as a sealant. 15. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 13, wherein the organic resin serving as a sealing material and the organic resin serving as a spacer are formed by a printing method. 16. A first substrate having at least an active matrix and a peripheral driving circuit for driving the active matrix, on a region not contributing to optical modulation of the active matrix and a region where the peripheral driving circuit is formed. Forming a spacer with an organic resin, and sealing a peripheral portion of the second substrate provided with the counter electrode so as to surround at least the active matrix and the peripheral drive circuit of the opposing first substrate. A step of forming an organic resin as a material, and a step of bonding the first substrate and the second substrate and curing the organic resin as a sealing material. Method. 17. A method according to claim 16, wherein the spacer made of an organic resin is formed by photolithography or printing.