JPH10211591A - Production of structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the producing method of a structure to improve a production efficiency. SOLUTION: It is the producing method to produce a prescribed shaped structure by integrally joining plural structure constituting members made of aluminum, etc. At least one of the structure constituting members uses one made of an extended material subjected to extension to an extruded shape. Further, prescribed parts (1b) adjacent each other of the structure constituting members 1 are integrally joined by friction agitation joining.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a structure, and more particularly to a floor material, a wall material, a ceiling material, a scaffold material, and an enclosure used for a vehicle such as a railway and a bus, a ship, and the like. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a metal structure suitable for obtaining a wide panel structure such as a plate.

[0002] In this specification, the term "aluminum" is used to include aluminum and its alloys.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, extruded sections made of metal such as aluminum have high productivity and can be manufactured stably with high dimensional accuracy even in complicated shapes. Widely used.

However, since extruded profiles have limitations in extrusion width and size, when manufacturing various structures, particularly wide panel structures, it may not be possible to integrally manufacture them. For this reason, conventionally, the structure is divided into a plurality of parts, and each of the divided constituent members is manufactured by using an extruded shape.
A method of joining and integrating by welding such as IG) welding or TIG welding has been adopted.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, MIG
In the above-described conventional method of manufacturing a structure by welding such as welding, since thermal deformation at the time of solidification shrinkage generated during welding or the like is large, strain prevention work and strain removal work must be performed. In the case of the butt joining, the groove processing and the margin removal had to be further performed, so that the number of manufacturing steps was large and the manufacturing efficiency was poor. In addition, a skilled welder is required to perform welding reliably and firmly, and even when performing welding by automatic welding, an operator familiar with the characteristics of aluminum or its alloy is required. However, such a structure can be manufactured only by persons having special knowledge of welding and materials to be joined, and the manufacturing efficiency has been further reduced. Furthermore, the extrusion width dimension of the extruded profile is limited by the diameter of the die, for example, a width of 50 mm.
It is not easy to manufacture a wide plate-like extruded material having a width of 0 mm or more and a width of about 600 mm or more. For this reason,
When the number of divisions of the structure is determined, the number of divisions may be increased due to the restriction of the diameter of the die, and as a result, the number of welding locations may increase, resulting in a decrease in manufacturing efficiency.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned difficulties,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a structure capable of improving manufacturing efficiency when a desired structure, particularly a wide panel structure is manufactured by joining and integrating a plurality of structural members. I do.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a method of manufacturing a structure according to the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of structural members made of metal are joined and integrated to form a desired-shaped structure. Wherein at least one of the structural component members is made of an expanded material obtained by performing an expansion process on a material to be expanded made of an extruded profile, and predetermined portions of the structural component member adjacent to each other. This adopts a configuration characterized in that they are joined and integrated by friction stir welding.

According to the above-described structure, as a means for joining the constituent members, the friction stir welding, which has a very small heat input and does not require much specialized knowledge on the joining and the materials to be joined, is adopted. Almost no heat distortion such as deformation occurs, eliminating the need to perform strain removal and strain prevention work, and eliminates the need to perform beveling work and excess removal work even in the case of butt joining. Even those who do not have special knowledge about the material to be joined can be joined relatively easily. In addition, by adopting the developed material capable of manufacturing a wide extruded profile as a component of the structure, the number of components can be reduced, and the number of joints can be reduced.

[0009]

Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The structure to be manufactured in the present invention is not particularly limited, and is applicable to structures of various shapes, particularly floor materials, wall materials, ceilings used for vehicles such as railways and buses, ships, and the like. It is suitably applied to wide panel structures such as materials, scaffolding materials used at construction sites, and shrouds. This is because it is extremely difficult to extrude these wide panel structures integrally, and it is more economically advantageous to divide the structures to manufacture the structure.

First, a method of manufacturing a structure will be described step by step.

[0012] In the present invention, the shape of the structural member is set in advance so that a predetermined shape can be manufactured by joining and integrating predetermined portions adjacent to each other. Things are used. When fabricating a desired shaped structure using such a structural component, it is usually joined by butt joining, lap joining, or the like.

Each structural member may be formed of an extruded member or a casting obtained by a conventional method, and at least one of the members is subjected to a developing process on a material to be developed made of the extruded member. A material made of the developed processed material is used. Of course, all the structural members may be made of the developed material.

The structural member made of the developed material may be manufactured according to a conventional method. For example, an extruder equipped with a die having a molding gap corresponding to a predetermined sectional shape may be used. After extruding a material to be developed having a curved portion or a bent portion by loading a metal billet of aluminum or the like into the extruded material, developing the extruded material, that is, extruding the material so that the angle of the curved portion or the bent portion is increased. Can be used.

Next, predetermined portions adjacent to each other of these structural members are joined and integrated by friction stir welding sequentially. In addition, when joining, it is preferable to wash the portion to be joined in advance. This friction stir welding is intended to join by softening a portion to be joined by frictional heat. For example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-505090, a material of a material harder than the workpiece is used. The frictional heat generated when the probe is brought into sliding contact with the workpiece while rotating the probe causes the sliding contact portion of the workpiece with the probe to become plasticized, and the plasticized workpiece material is stirred and kneaded by the probe. That the probe is embedded in the workpiece and that the probe can be moved in the workpiece in this embedded state, and the butted portions of the workpieces are joined and integrated. It is.

The friction stir welding will be described more specifically with reference to FIG. In the figure, (1) and (1) are two panel structural members having substantially L-shaped legs (1a) and (1a), and (1b) is these structural members (1).
(1) A contact portion between adjacent side edge portions. Each of the structural component members (1) and (1) is made of a developed material obtained by performing a development process on a material to be developed made of a metal extruded profile. As shown in the drawing, the side edges of these structural component members (1) and (1) to be arranged adjacent to each other are brought into contact by butting or fitting, and the rotor (2) is placed at one end of the contacting portion (1a). Probe (2) protruding from the axis of
a) is pressed while rotating, and the rotor (2) is moved along the contact portion (1b) in this pressed state. As a result, the probe (2a) is buried in the contact portion (1b) from the side, and advances along the contact portion (1b) in this buried state. The portion where the probe (2a) has passed is hardened in a completely integrated state by stirring and kneading a metal such as aluminum, which is a material of these structural members (1) and (1). ) Is the contact part (1
At the stage where it is detached from the other end (not shown) of b), these structural component members (1) and (1) are joined to form an integrated body.

In this joining, the metal such as aluminum, which is the material of the structural member (1), is plasticized by frictional heat at the front side of the advancing probe (2a), and the probe (2a) is stirred and kneaded. However, the frictional heat is lost on this rear side, and the liquid is rapidly cooled and solidified. The temperature in the plasticized state is considerably lower than the melting point of the material, and the joining falls into the category of solid-phase joining. Therefore, the amount of heat input to the structural member (1) during the joining process is reduced by ordinary welding or brazing. And there is no possibility of cracking due to thermal distortion or thermal effects near the joint.

In this way, by sequentially joining and integrating the structural members (1), a structural body having an intended shape is manufactured. Thereafter, painting can be performed if necessary.

In the figure, the side edges to be joined to each structural member (1) have a plane shape which is merely abutted as shown in the figure.
A fitting shape such as a joint shape, a book shape, and a piece shape may be used. The use of a structural member (not shown) having such a fitting-type side edge allows the structural members to be easily and accurately positioned and arranged at the time of joining by friction stir welding. Can be reliably prevented, so that the dimensional accuracy of the finally obtained structure is improved. In addition, as described above, the present invention can be applied to lap joining and the like in addition to such butt joining.

[0020]

Next, an embodiment of a method of manufacturing a structure according to the present invention will be described.

As a structure, a wide panel structure (A) used for a marine floor panel or the like as shown in FIG. 2 is assumed, and this is divided into two parts to manufacture this structure (A). To do. Each structural member (11) (1
1) consists of a flattened unfolded material which is formed by subjecting a unfolded aluminum extruded material having a V-shaped cross section to an unfolded material. These constituent members (11) and (11)
Were abutted against each other, and their contact portions (11b) were joined and integrated by friction stir welding. Here, the structural member (11) (11) used in this example is made of a material A6N01, a width (W) of 500 mm, and a length (L) of 100.
0 mm and a thickness of 3 mm. (11b) in FIG.
(11b)... Are L-shaped legs of the structural members (11) and (11).

On the other hand, the structural members (11) and (11) having the same shape, material and size as those of the above embodiment are respectively extruded, and the respective structural members (11) and (1) obtained by this are extruded.
After beveling the side end portions of 1), the side end portions were butted against each other, and the contact portions (11b) were joined and integrated by MIG welding. This is a comparative example.

The joining conditions of friction stir welding and MIG welding applied to these examples and comparative examples are as follows.

Friction stir welding: Material of rotor and probe Steel material (SK material), rotation speed 2000 rpm, probe insertion depth 2.9 mm, welding speed 80 cm / min.

MIG welding: current 220A, voltage 24
V, welding speed 80 cm / min, welding wire (2.0 mm
φ) 4043, shielding gas argon.

In MIG welding, a strong back is used as a means for preventing distortion, and a grinder is used as a means for removing excess buildup.

Table 1 shows the results.

[0028]

[Table 1]

As shown in this table, it can be seen that in the case where the joining was performed by the friction stir welding as an example, no excess was produced and no angular deformation was produced at all. Therefore, it can be understood that in the embodiment, it is not necessary to delete the excess and correct the deformation, and it is possible to prevent the angular deformation without taking the distortion preventing means.

Further, when the embodiment and the comparative example are compared in the manufacturing process, in the embodiment, a structural member (11) made of a developed material is used, and the structural member (11) is joined to form a desired structural member. (A) is manufactured. In the comparative example, a structural member (11) made of an extruded shape is used.
First, a beveling process is performed, and then a distortion preventing means such as a strong back is taken, and then joining is performed, and further, a strain removing means and a margin removing means are taken to obtain a desired shape of the structure (A).
Has been produced. That is, in the embodiment, when obtaining the structure (A) having the desired shape, the groove forming step, the distortion preventing step, the distortion removing step, and the excess removing step are omitted, and the manufacturing process is simplified and required for manufacturing. The time is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.

In the above Examples and Comparative Examples, the full width (2
W) is intended to produce a structure (A) having a size of 1000 mm, and the structure (A) is divided into two parts, and two constituent members (11) (500) having a width (W) of 500 mm. 1
The structure (A) is to be manufactured by joining and integrating the components (1). The width (W) of the component (11) is substantially equal to the limit of the molding size of a normal extruded shape. Value. Therefore, for example, the total width (2W) is 140
In the case of manufacturing a structure (A) having a width of 0 mm, a width (W) of 70 mm is used in a comparative example in which a normal extruded shape is used as a constituent member.
Since a 0 mm component cannot be manufactured, it is necessary to divide the structure (A) into three parts. On the other hand, in the embodiment in which the unfolded material is one of the constituent members, a constituent member having a width (W) of 700 mm can be manufactured. The number is smaller than that of the comparative example, and the production efficiency can be further improved. Therefore, as the size of the structure (A) is larger, the number of divisions is reduced, the number of joints is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

[0032]

As described above, the method for manufacturing a structure according to the present invention has the following effects. That is, by joining predetermined portions of the structural component members adjacent to each other by friction stir welding, a groove forming process, a distortion preventing process, a strain removing process, and a margin removing process are omitted, and the manufacturing process is simplified. The production time is shortened and the production efficiency is improved. In addition, since friction stir welding can be performed relatively easily even by a person who does not have special knowledge about welding and materials to be welded, this human factor contributes to an improvement in manufacturing efficiency. . Furthermore, by using a developed material obtained by expanding a material to be developed made of an extruded shape for at least one of the structural members, it is possible to reduce the number of divisions of the structure, and it is possible to reduce the number of joints. Can be reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. In other words, the present invention provides a synergistic reduction in the number of joints by using the developed work material, with respect to simplification of the manufacturing process, shortening of the manufacturing time, and human factors by employing the friction stir welding. As a result, there is an effect that the production efficiency can be remarkably improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing one embodiment of a method for manufacturing a structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a structure used for comparing a method for manufacturing a structure according to the present invention with a method for manufacturing a conventional structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 11 ... structural member 1a, 11a ... leg 1b, 1
1b abutment part 2 rotor 2a probe

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method of manufacturing a structure in which a plurality of structural members made of metal are joined and integrated to produce a desired shaped structure, wherein at least one of the structural members is extruded. Manufacture of a structure, which is made of a developed material obtained by subjecting a material to be developed made of a shape material to a development process, and wherein predetermined adjacent portions of the structural member are joined together by friction stir welding. Method.