JPH11347754A - Member for machine element and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a member for machine element obtained as a complete member by forming the member having a part of the structure of the machine element by normal extrusion dies and welding the formed members with each other, and to provide the manufacturing method therefor. SOLUTION: This member 2 having a part of the structure of the machine element and realizing one machine element by combining the plural members, is subjected to friction welding along a weld line 3 occurred by butting the plural members each other. Since the member 1 for the machine element, is divided into the member 2 of a unit of bisection or over, which is easy to manufacture, the unit member 2 can be formed by the normal dies. Since the divided members 2 are welded by the friction welding with few warp, moreover, sufficient welding strength, both of function and facilitation property for manufacturing, can be cleared.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a member for a mechanical element which is particularly suitable when aluminum and its alloy are used as a member for realizing one mechanical element in order to reduce the weight of various types of equipment, especially transportation equipment. It relates to the manufacturing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art From the viewpoint of environmental protection, weight reduction of various equipments, especially materials for transportation equipment has been actively promoted in order to reduce the amount of fuel consumption, and aluminum and aluminum alloys have been used for the equipments. More. The aluminum material is lightweight, can have high rigidity by optimizing the cross-sectional shape, and has excellent smoothness, so that it is suitable as a member for transportation equipment such as vehicles and ships.

However, since the aluminum member for transportation equipment is manufactured by extrusion as a shape, the width of the shape that can be formed is limited. In addition, for the joining, arc welding (MIG, TIG) is applied from the viewpoint of strength, and there is a problem that the material is deformed due to thermal strain during welding. In order to emphasize the appearance, it is necessary to remove a margin formed during arc welding. In addition, the strength is reduced due to the thermal influence around the welded portion due to the large heat input during welding, and the structure must be designed to be thicker, thereby reducing the light weight effect of the angle.

[0004] Vehicle structures include 6000 series (Al-Mg).
-Si-based) aluminum alloy extruded materials are most often used. In a normal 6000 series alloy, the heat affected zone is softened by heat input during arc welding, and the strength of the original 6000 series alloy extruded material is greatly impaired. In addition, defects such as blowhole generation and solidification cracks specific to arc welding may occur,
Since the welding portion is peeled off and re-welding is performed, a large number of man-hours are required, and the appearance of the welded portion also becomes messy.

As a method for solving the above-mentioned problem, there is a method of joining aluminum and aluminum alloy vehicle structural members to each other by a friction joining method (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-309164). In this method, as shown in FIG. 11, one of two panels a and b including two substantially parallel plates c and d and a member e connecting the two plates c and d. The end of each of the plates c and d of the panel a is connected to the other panel b.
When joined to the ends of the respective plates c and d, at least one of the ends of the panel a or b is provided with a plate f having a rigidity for connecting the plates c and d, and the plate f Supports pressing force when joining.

[0006] In the friction welding, unlike the conventional arc welding represented by TIG and MIG, the welded portion does not melt, so that the strength of the base metal is reduced, the heat affected zone around the welded portion is softened, and porosity and solidification cracking. No defects specific to fusion welding, such as generation, occur. Since the joining portion is not melted, it is possible to join a 7000 series or 2000 series aluminum alloy containing Cu, which could not be joined by conventional arc welding, and it is possible to increase the strength of the member. In addition, at present, a mechanical element member made of aluminum and its alloy is divided into members having a partial structure of the mechanical element, and these members are joined to each other to finally produce one mechanical element member. However, according to the friction joining, it is possible to complete one mechanical element member by friction joining one surface or two surfaces of the members while suppressing deformation of the joining portion. .

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to further pursue the above-mentioned possibility, the present invention relates to a member having a partial structure of a mechanical element extruded by a usual extrusion die, particularly a thin-walled member. It is the result of repeated experiments and examinations for joining with high dimensional accuracy.The purpose is to extrude a member holding a part of the structure of the machine element with a normal die and join the members together. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a member for a machine element, particularly a member for an automobile, and more specifically, a link for an underbody of a vehicle and a method of manufacturing the same, which can reduce the cost of the extrusion die and the manufacturing cost.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems A member for a machine element according to the present invention for achieving the above object has the following constitution. That is, the first aspect of the present invention has a structure in which a plurality of members that have a partial structure of a mechanical element and realize one mechanical element by combining a plurality of them are joined along a joining line generated by abutting each other. It is characterized by. With this configuration, the mechanical element member is divided into two or more easily-manufacturable unit members, and the divided members are joined by friction joining with little deviation and sufficient joint strength, so that the functional surface and the ease of manufacture are improved. Can be cleared together.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical element member in which a portion where the members are joined is formed thicker than other portions. Therefore, when the strength of the joint is increased and the finish accuracy of the joint is required to be high, a polishing allowance can be taken. In addition, fatigue strength can be improved by finishing the polishing allowance.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the joining portion of the members is formed in a mutual restraining structure, and when the members are mutually restrained, the mutual restraining structure is substantially orthogonal to a joining line generated thereby. A member for a machine element, wherein at least the members do not separate from each other in a direction. In this configuration, due to the mutual restraint structure, the setup at the time of the frictional joining is reduced, and the production becomes easier accordingly. The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the member for a mechanical element is a link for a vehicle underbody.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a member for a mechanical element, wherein a member which has a partial structure of the mechanical element and which realizes one mechanical element by combining a plurality thereof is formed by extrusion molding. And forming a long member that realizes one mechanical element by frictionally joining a plurality of the long extruded members along a joining line generated by abutting each other, and cutting the long member into a predetermined thickness. It is characterized by doing. As a result, a member for a mechanical element having a complicated structure can be easily manufactured, and the weight can be reduced.

[0012]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
This will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a member for a machine element showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a member for a machine element, and the member 1 for a machine element has a partial structure of a machine element, and a plurality of members 2 that realize one machine element by combining a plurality of them are generated. It is constructed by friction joining along the joining line 3.

The member 1 for a machine element is obtained by abutting two members 2 having the same cross section in an arbitrary manner, and is an automobile link. The member 2 comprises a partial structure of a mechanical element, that is, a cylindrical portion 10 and a structural material 11 connected thereto. The structural material 11 in FIG. 1 is made of an extruded aluminum alloy, but the material of the structural material 11 is There is no particular limitation as long as it can be used for friction welding. This mechanical element member 1 is a combination of two members 2 having the same shape.
As compared with the case of manufacturing with a single die, the member 2 is first manufactured with one die of half the size, and finally the machine element member 1 is manufactured. 12 is structural material 1
Reference numeral 1 denotes a notch hole provided to reduce the weight.

Next, a method of manufacturing the mechanical element member 1 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 2, two members 2 made of extruded aluminum and its alloy are prepared.
These joining surfaces 2a are butted against each other, and are fixed in this state with a restraint (not shown). Next, as shown in FIG. 3, a joining rotary tool 1 rotated at one end to a joining line 3 at a high speed.
3 is inserted into the pin 14a of the friction welding shaft
Along the other side, plasticizing the joining surface 2a by frictional heat generated at that time, applying pressure by the shoulder 14b, and frictionally joining about half of the joining surface 2a. Further, the other half of the joining surface 2a is friction-joined by the same operation as described above, that is, friction-joining from both sides to form the machine element member 1.

In the member 1a for a machine element shown in FIG. 4, the joining surfaces 2b of two members 2 having the same cross-sectional shape abut each other, and are fixed by a restraint (not shown) in that state. In this case, the entire joining surface 2b is friction-joined from one side using a joining rotary tool 13 having a long pin 14a. In this case, it is necessary to arrange the backing jig 15 along the joining line 3 and fix the two members 2.

The member 1b for a mechanical element shown in FIG. 5 has a structure in which a joining surface 2c of two members 2 having the same cross-sectional shape has irregularities, and the joining surface 2c having the irregularities abuts each other.
Along the joining line 3 on the front and back surfaces, the joining rotary tool 13 performs friction joining from both sides.

In the member 1c for a mechanical element shown in FIG. 6, a joining surface 2d of two members 2 having the same cross-sectional shape is formed in a mutually constrained structure. , At least the members do not separate from each other in a direction substantially perpendicular to the joining line 3 generated by this,
For example, a hook shape 16 is formed, and the joining surfaces 2d having the hook shape 16 are mutually constrained, so that the joining rotary tool 13 frictionally joins the joining surfaces 3 along the generated front and back joining lines 3. . Other configurations of the mechanical element members 1a to 1c shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 are almost the same as the mechanical element member 1 of FIGS. .

The mechanical element member 1d of FIG. 7 is substantially the same as the mechanical element member 1 of FIGS. 1 to 3, except that there is no notch hole 12 and the thickness t ₁ of the structural material 11 is t ₂
Differs in being thicker.

The mechanical element member 1e of FIG. 8 is substantially the same as the mechanical element member 1 of FIGS.
That is, if the cutout hole 12 is divided into two, and the joint surface is not flat but uneven, the centering is easy as in the case of FIG.

The machine element member 1f of FIG. 9 is substantially the same as the machine element member 1 of FIGS. 1 to 3, but has a four-part structure, and includes a cylindrical portion 21 at both ends and a structural material 22 connected thereto. Consisting of a member 23 and two H-shaped members 24 located between the members 23 at both ends, and frictionally joined along a plurality of joining lines 3 generated by abutting these members 23 and the H-shaped member 24. Is obtained.

In this case, the friction welding may be performed by using a welding rotary tool 13a as shown in FIG. The joining rotary tool 13a is in the shape of a bobbin, and a pin 33 is provided between an upper shoulder portion 31 and a lower shoulder portion 32 of the friction welding shaft 30 to form an upper bobbin 34. The upper bobbin 34 is connected via a shaft 35 to a lower bobbin 36 of the same construction. The lower pincushion 36 has an upper shoulder 37 and a lower shoulder 38
A pin 39 is arranged between the two. The upper bobbin 34 is attached to one end of the upper joining line 3a in FIG. 9 by using the joining rotary tool 13a.
Pin 33 is attached to one end of the lower joining line 3b by the lower pincushion 36.
The pin 39 is stabbed while being rotated at a high speed, moved to the other end along the upper and lower joining lines 3a and 3b, and the frictional heat generated at that time plasticizes the joining surface, and the upper shoulder portion Pressure is applied by the lower and upper shoulders 31 and 37 and the lower shoulders 32 and 38 to frictionally join the entire joining surface. Further, when the bobbin-type joining rotary tool 13a is used, a feature is that no backing jig is required even if the whole joining surface is friction-joined.

Next, an embodiment for confirming the effect of the present invention will be described. Example 1 Two extruded profiles (6063-T5, width 330 mm, length 5 m) of an aluminum alloy having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 1 are produced, and the joining surfaces of the two extruded profiles are abutted and restrained. The joint thickness of these extruded profiles is 30 mm. A joining rotary tool having a pin having a diameter of 8.0 mm, a length of 12 mm, and a shoulder having a diameter of 20 mm was rotated at 3000 rpm and moved along a joining line at a feed speed of 500 mm / min to perform friction welding. . 35mm thick after friction welding
Then, 5m / 35mm = about 142 automobile links were obtained. These automotive links were free from defects such as errors due to friction welding, and it was confirmed by transmission X-ray inspection that there were no defects inside. According to this method, a member having twice the width was obtained using one type of die having a die hole length of １ ／.

Example 2 An aluminum alloy extruded profile (7075-T6, width 220 mm, length 2 m) and an aluminum alloy extruded profile (2014-T6, width 220) having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG.
mm, 2 m in length), and the joining surfaces of these two extruded profiles are abutted and constrained. The joint thickness is 25 mm, and the thickness of the structural material is 22 mm. Pin has a diameter of 6.
0 mm, length of 8 mm, and a rotary tool for joining having a shoulder diameter of 16 mm and rotating at 3000 rpm to 200 mm
Friction welding was performed by moving along the welding line at a feed rate of / min. After friction joining, cut to 25mm thickness, 2m / 2
5 mm = about 79 automobile links were obtained. The 79 automobile links had no defects such as errors due to friction welding, and it was confirmed by transmission X-ray inspection that there were no defects inside. According to this method, it is possible to join a 7000 series alloy and a 2000 series alloy, which could not be joined by conventional arc welding, and it is possible to further increase the strength.

Example 3 Two extruded aluminum alloy profiles (6061-T6, 250 mm wide, 2 m long) having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 8 were prepared, and the joining surfaces of these two extruded profiles were fitted. Restrain together. The thickness of the joint is 35 mm, and the thickness of the two face plates of the structural material is 4 mm. The pin is 4.0m in diameter
The welding rotary tool having a length of 3.5 mm and a shoulder diameter of 12 mm was rotated at 2000 rpm and moved along a welding line at a feed speed of 500 mm / minute to perform friction welding. After friction welding, cut to 33mm thickness, 2m / 33
mm = approximately 60 vehicle links were obtained. The 60 automotive links have no defects such as errors due to friction welding,
X-ray transmission inspection also confirmed that there was no defect inside.

EXAMPLE 4 Two extruded members (6N01-T5, width 200 mm, length 2 m) of an aluminum alloy constituting the ends of the member shown in FIG. Extruded H-shaped aluminum alloy material (6N01-T)
5, 200 mm in width and 2 m in length).
The two profiles are abutted and restrained as shown in FIG. The thickness of each of the two face plates in these extruded profiles is 2.5
mm. The pin is 3.0mm in diameter and 2.5mm in length
Then, the bobbin having upper and lower shoulders having a diameter of 10 mm is rotated at 2000 rpm by a joining rotary tool at an upper part and a lower part, and is moved along a joining line above and below at a feed speed of 100 mm / min. Were friction bonded at the same time. After the frictional joining, it was cut to a thickness of 40 mm to obtain about 49 automobile links of 2 m / 40 mm = about 49 pieces. 49 car links,
There were no defects such as errors due to friction welding, and it was confirmed by X-ray transmission inspection that there were no defects inside. According to this method, a member having a shape width four times as large as that obtained by using two types of dies having a die hole length of 1/4 was obtained.

[0026]

As described above in detail, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the member for the machine element is divided into two or more divided easy-to-manufacture members, and the divided members are joined with little deviation and joined. Since it is joined by sufficient friction joining with strength, it is possible to clear both the functional surface and the ease of manufacturing. Therefore, it is needless to say that there is no distortion or the strength is reduced. Since it is possible to divide the unit into easily-manufacturable members, the manufacturing of the members, that is, the forming mold becomes easy, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. Can be achieved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-described effects, the strength of the joint is increased, and when the finishing accuracy of the joint is required to be high, the polishing margin can be removed. According to the present invention, in addition to the above-described effects, the mutual restraint structure reduces the setup at the time of frictional joining, and the manufacturing becomes easier accordingly.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a member for a mechanical element having a complicated structure can be easily manufactured, and the weight can be reduced in terms of both strength and cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a member for a machine element according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state of manufacturing a mechanical element member according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a manufacturing state of a member for a machine element according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a member for a machine element according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a member for a machine element according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of a machine element member according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a member for a machine element according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a machine element member according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a member for a machine element showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a side view of a joining rotary tool used for joining the machine element members of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a joining member by conventional friction joining.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1a, 1b, 1c Member for mechanical element 1d, 1e, 1f Member for mechanical element 2, 23 Member 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d Joining surface 3, 3a, 3b Joining line 10, 21 Cylindrical portion 10a Elliptic cylindrical portion 11 , 22 Structural material 12 Notch hole 13, 13a Rotating tool for joining 14, 30 Friction joining shaft 14a, 33, 39 Pin 14b Shoulder 15 Backing jig 16 Hook shape 20 Joint 24 H-shaped member 31, 37 Upper shoulder 32, 38 Lower shoulder 34 Upper bobbin 35 Shaft 36 Lower bobbin

Claims (5)

[Claims] The present invention is characterized in that a plurality of members holding a partial structure of a mechanical element and realizing one mechanical element by combining a plurality thereof are friction-joined along a joining line generated by abutting each other. For mechanical elements. 2. The member for a machine element according to claim 1, wherein a portion where the member is joined is thicker than other portions. 3. The joint portion of the member is formed in a mutual restraint structure, and the mutual restraint structure is configured such that when the members are mutually restrained, at least the member is disposed in a direction substantially orthogonal to a joining line generated thereby. The member for a machine element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the members do not separate from each other. 4. The member for a machine element according to claim 1, wherein the member is a link for undercarriage of an automobile. 5. A member which retains a partial structure of a machine element and realizes one machine element by combining a plurality of members, is extruded to form a long extruded member. A method for manufacturing a member for a machine element, comprising: forming an elongate member that realizes one mechanical element by friction-welding along a joining line generated by abutting each other; and cutting the elongate member to a predetermined thickness.