JPH10205834A - Cold heat apparatus and refrigerating equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a cold heat apparatus which accomplishes a cycle motion smoothly by eliminating the accumulation of a refrigerant within a cycle to enable proper selection of ice making operation, chilled water making operation or hot water making operation. SOLUTION: An evaporator 3 and a water heat exchanger 1 of a refrigerating plant 100 are linked by a cold temperature transportation circuit comprising a pump 7, a heat exchanger 13-a, pipes 13, 14, 15 and 17, valves 10 and 12. A condenser 2 and a water heat exchange means 1 are linked by a hot heat transportation circuit comprising a pump 8, a heat exchanger 17-a, pipes 15, 16 and 17 and valves 9 and 11. The opening or closing of the valves and the operation of the pumps 7 and 8 is controlled to supply cold heat or hot heat to the water heat exchanger 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigeration system and a refrigeration system comprising an indirect water heat exchanger and a refrigeration system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A cooling apparatus has been developed in which ice is produced by a refrigerator and cooling is performed using the latent heat of the ice as a cooling source. This means that, for example, in the summertime, ice is stored using inexpensive nighttime power and stored, and the cold energy is used at the time of power peak for cooling in the daytime, thereby reducing the cooling cost at the same time as the power peak countermeasure. Used for

A known example of such a cooling / heating device is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-3-230035. This apparatus is an apparatus that sprinkles water on a water-flow type heat exchanger connected to a refrigeration cycle to make ice, and that can generate hot water by a reverse cycle operation of the refrigeration cycle. Freon is used as the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle, and the refrigerant has a so-called direct expansion type in which Freon flows directly into the water-flow type heat exchanger to cool or heat it.

[0004]

In the conventional direct expansion type configuration as described above, when the size of the cooling / heating device is increased, a refrigerant pool is generated in the cycle, and the operation of the cycle is not performed smoothly. In addition, there is a problem that a large accumulator is required for the refrigeration cycle, which is inconvenient. Further, when the ice making section needs repair due to corrosion or the like, it is necessary to take measures to prevent leakage of Freon as a refrigerant, and there is also a problem in terms of maintainability.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a refrigerating cycle in which even if a dynamic type ice making apparatus for alternately heating an ice making machine becomes large, a refrigerant pool does not occur in the refrigerating cycle, and the operation of the cycle can always be carried out smoothly. If the refrigeration cycle is damaged due to corrosion, etc., the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle itself does not leak out, improving maintainability and making it easy to assemble on site. An object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration facility using the same heat medium.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, a pressure reducing mechanism, and a circulation path through which a refrigerant circulates. Refrigeration means, water heat exchange means for performing heat exchange between cold or hot heat of the heat medium and water to generate cold water or ice or hot water, and cold heat generated by the evaporator to the heat medium A first heat exchange means for providing, a valve for opening and closing the flow path of the heat medium, and a pump capable of controlling a flow rate of the heat medium, wherein the cold heat given to the heat medium by the first heat exchange means is A cold heat transport circuit for transporting the heat medium to the water heat exchange means, a second heat exchange means for applying the heat generated by the condenser to the heat medium, a valve for opening and closing a flow path of the heat medium, and a heat medium A pump capable of controlling the flow rate is provided. A heat transfer circuit for transferring the obtained heat to the water heat exchange means, and control means for controlling valves and pumps of the cold heat transfer circuit and the heat transfer circuit; An apparatus is disclosed.

Further, the present invention relates to a refrigeration facility for applying cold heat generated in a refrigeration cycle to a heat medium by heat exchange, and for making ice or freezing a target facility by the cold heat of the heat medium. A refrigeration facility characterized by using an aqueous ethanol solution is disclosed.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1A shows an example of the configuration of a cooling device according to the present invention. A refrigerating device 100 includes a compressor 4, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, a pressure reducing mechanism (expansion valve) 5, and a connection among them. It is constituted by a pipe 6 constituting a circulation path, and a refrigerant (CFC) sealed inside. The refrigerant adiabatically compressed by the compressor 4 reaches the condenser 2 and releases heat of condensation to be liquefied. Then, the refrigerant enters the pressure reducing mechanism 5 where it is adiabatically expanded to a low temperature. This refrigerant enters the condenser 3, obtains heat from the outside, evaporates, returns to the compressor 4, and repeats the same cycle as before.

The water heat exchanger 1 has a vertical shell tube type structure, and its AA 'cross section is shown in FIG. 1 (b). Plates 21 attached to upper and lower ends of container 21
-A, a number of tubes 22 are provided between
A frame 23 is attached to the upper end of the frame. Water is injected into the frame 23 from the pipe 25 with the valve 24, and the amount of water is controlled by changing the opening of the valve 24 as needed. The supplied water is cooled by the heat medium 40 in the container 21 while flowing down as the falling liquid film 26 on the walls of the multiple tubes 22.

The thermal connection between the refrigerating apparatus 100 and the water heat exchanger 1 is performed as follows. The pipe 17 connected to the container 21 of the water heat exchanger 1, the pipe 13 with the valve 10, the heat exchanger 13-a, the pipe 14, the pump 7, the valve 12, and the pipe 15 connected to the container 21 constitute a cooling and heat transfer circuit. ing. The pipe 16 connected to the pipe 15, the valve 11, the pump 8, the heat exchanger 17-a, the valve 9, and the pipe 17 constitute a heat transfer circuit. These cold heat transport circuit, hot heat transport circuit, and container 21
A heat medium 40 is sealed inside. The heat medium 40 may be a conventionally used antifreeze of ethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol, but as will be described in detail later, to control the flow rate by the pumps 7 and 8 and to reduce the power loss thereof, use Fluorinert or ethyl alcohol. The aqueous solution was found to be suitable for this purpose because its kinematic viscosity was extremely small. Pumps 7 and 8
Controls the flow rate by controlling the rotation speed using an inverter, or controls the flow rate by changing the opening degree by using an electric opening degree adjustment valve as the valves 9, 10, 11, and 12.

[0011] The above-described cold and heat transport circuit operates as follows. In this circuit operation, the black-painted valves 9 and 11 in FIG. 1A are closed, the white valves 10 and 12 are opened,
The white pump 7 is driven and the black pump 8 is stopped. Heat medium 40 in container 21
Is introduced into the heat exchanger 13-a via the pipe 15, the valve 12, the pipe 14, and the pump 7, where it is cooled by cold generated by the evaporator 3 constituting the refrigeration system 100, and the pipe 13 , Through the valve 10 and the pipe 17, and returned into the container 21. Thereby, the liquid film flowing down in the tube 22 is cooled. If the degree of throttling of the pressure reducing mechanism 5 is adjusted, the temperature of the liquid film 26 can be cold water close to 0 ° C. Further, the liquid film 26 can be frozen by increasing the degree of squeezing of the pressure reducing mechanism 5. As the pressure reducing mechanism 5, a member constituted by a coiled pipe or an electronic expansion valve whose valve opening can be electronically controlled is used.

Next, when the liquid film 26 freezes and becomes an appropriate thickness, it is deiced and transported, and stored in an ice storage or a heat storage tank. In this case, a thermal transport circuit is used. . FIG.
Shows the cycle configuration at that time, where the black painted valves 10 and 12 are closed and the white painted valves 9 and 11 are open. Further, the pump 7 is stopped and the pump 8 is driven. As a result, the heat medium 40 in the container 21 is
5. The heat is introduced into the heat exchanger 17a through the valve 11, the pump 8, and the pipe 16. The heat medium 40 receives the heat generated in the condenser 2, rises in temperature, and is returned into the container 21 through the pipe 17 and the valve 9. Thereby, the portion of the inner wall side of the ice attached to the inner wall of the tube 22 is melted,
It falls down as ice 27.

When heating is required continuously, such as during heating and hot water supply, the apparatus is continuously operated as shown in FIG. 2, that is, as a heating transport circuit. In addition, when a large amount of ice is required in summer, ice is made in the operation state of the cold heat transport circuit shown in FIG.
It is necessary to alternately repeat the operation for deicing while operating as the thermal transport circuit in FIG. For this purpose, the controller 80 is driven by using the timer 81, whereby the valves 9, 11 and the valves 10, 12 are alternately opened and closed, and the pumps 7, 8 are alternately driven. A cold water production operation close to 0 ° C. can be achieved by controlling the flow rate of the pump 7 of the cold heat transport circuit or by changing the degree of throttling of the pressure reducing mechanism 5. In addition, as the flow rate control, the ON-O
FF control may be used, and the heat transport circuit may be operated at the same time to mix the heat generated by the pump 8 with the cold generated by the pump 7. There are various methods for removing the heat generated in the condenser 2 during the ice making operation and the cold water production operation close to 0 ° C. In the configurations shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fan 2a is driven to drive the heat held by the outside air. I use. There are various methods for applying heat to the evaporator 3 during the heat production operation.
In the configuration of FIG. 2, the heat held by the outside air is used by using the fan 3a.

According to the above arrangement, as a means for transferring cold heat of the refrigeration cycle, the cold in the refrigeration cycle is not transmitted to the water heat exchanger, but is transmitted through the heat medium. For this reason, the control and switching of the operating state can be performed mainly by controlling the flow rate and the flow path of the heat medium, and the refrigeration cycle itself can have a simple structure, and the generation of the refrigerant pool does not occur. Further, by using a heat medium having a low vapor pressure, it is not necessary to use a pressure vessel. Further, since the refrigerant having a high vapor pressure (Freon) does not directly circulate in the water heat exchanger, there is an advantage that work such as repairing and assembling the water heat exchanger becomes easy.

FIG. 3 shows another example of the configuration of the cooling device according to the present invention. In the configuration of FIG. 1, a vessel 30 is provided on the pipe 14 of the cooling and heat transporting circuit, and a vessel 31 is provided on the pipe 16 of the heating and heat transporting circuit. Is provided so that the heat medium 40 is stored in excess, so that the heat medium 40 can be smoothly circulated in the circuit. Further, the valve branches to a pipe 14 and a valve 32
Is provided to facilitate recovery of the low-temperature heat medium 40 in the container 21 of the water heat exchanger 1 into the container 30 through the pipe 15, the valve 12, the pipe 14, the valve 32, and the pipe 33. . This is a heating medium 40 in the pump 7.
Is provided to bypass the pump 7 because it cannot flow down smoothly in the pump 7 due to gravity. According to this configuration, when the cooling operation of the container 21 is completed by operating the cold heat transport circuit and the pump 7 is stopped, the heat medium 40 having a low temperature is supplied to the container 30 by gravity via the valves 12 and 32.
When the heating operation of the container 21 is completed by operating the heat transport circuit and the pump 8 is stopped, the heat medium 40 having a high temperature is collected in the container 31 via the valve 11 by gravity. In this way, the heat medium having a high temperature and the heat medium having a low temperature can be prevented from being mixed as much as possible, so that the heat loss accompanying the switching of the cooling / heating heat transfer circuit can be reduced.

In the configuration of FIG. 3, the heat exchanger 17
Although -a is separated from the condenser 2, it is arranged to receive heat from its periphery. When the fan 2a is driven, the heat radiated by the condenser 2 is easily transmitted to the heat exchanger 17-a. The heat medium 40 receives this heat and rises in temperature.
The tube 22 flows from the upper portion of the container 21 through the pipe 16 to warm the tube 22. However, the configuration of the heat exchanger 17-a may be the integral type shown in FIG. Further, although the direction of the pump 7 in FIG. 3 is opposite to that in FIG. 1, it is obvious that the direction may be the same as that in FIG.

FIG. 4 shows another example of the configuration of the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention. The configuration of the water heat exchanger and the configuration of the pressure reducing mechanism are different from those of the example of FIG. A plurality of plate-shaped water heat exchangers 28, 28-a, 28-b are arranged in parallel, and sprinkling pipes 25, 25-a are arranged as shown in the figure. The water spouting from the water sprinkling pipes 25, 25-a has a low temperature while flowing down the water heat exchangers 28, 28-a, 28-b and is stored in a separate heat storage tank (not shown). Since there are a plurality of water heat exchangers in this way, the pipes for cooling and heating connected thereto are also pipes 14, 14-a and 14-a.
-B, and a plurality of pipes for heating, 16-a, 16-b are provided. Valves 12, 12-a and 12-b are provided on pipes 14, 14a and 14-b, respectively, and pipes 16 and 16-
Valves 11, 11-a, and 11b are also provided in a and 16-b, respectively. A plurality of pipes 17, 17-a and 17-b are also provided at the upper part of the water heat exchanger. On the other hand, two pressure reducing mechanisms of the refrigeration apparatus 100 are provided. That is, the pipe 6 is provided with the pressure reducing mechanism 5, and the pipe 6 -a branched from the pipe 6 is provided with the pressure reducing mechanism 5 -a, which is set so that the degree of throttle is larger than that of the pressure reducing mechanism 5.

In such a configuration, when cold water close to 0 ° C. is produced in the water heat exchangers 28, 28-a and 28-b, the valve 18 of the pipe 6 is opened and the pressure reducing mechanism 5 is used. When making ice in the water heat exchangers 28, 28-a and 28-b, the valve 18 is closed, the valve 18-a of the pipe 6-a is opened, and the pressure reducing mechanism 5-a is used. In addition to such operations, the flow rate of the heat medium may be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the pump 7, or by changing the opening degrees of the valves 12, 12-a, and 12-b. You may. When producing heat, a method of changing the number of revolutions of the pump 8 or a method of changing the valve 9, the valve 11, 11-
a, 11-b by changing the opening degree. They can also be used in combination. Further, the pressure reducing mechanisms 5 and 5-a may be replaced with one electronic expansion valve, and the degree of throttle may be electronically controlled. FIG. 4 shows a timer 81,
The controller 80 is not shown, but uses them for pumps 7 and 8 and valves 9, 10, 11, 11-a,
11-b, 12, 12-a, and 12-b may be controlled.

FIG. 5 shows another example of the configuration of the cooling device according to the present invention, in which a cooling tower 50 is used for cooling the condenser 2. The cooling tower 50 is composed of a liquid reservoir 51, an envelope 52, a packing 61 packed therein, and a fan 53. The liquid (water or the like) 60 in the liquid reservoir 51 is introduced into the heat exchanger 17-a through the pipe 55 by the pump 54, and then is passed through the heat exchanger 17-b of the heat exchanger 57 and the pipe 56 to be sprinkled. Water is sprayed from 58. This water is cooled by air introduced by the fan 53 while passing through the gap of the packing portion. That is, the heat generated by the condenser 2 is radiated to the atmosphere via the heat exchanger 17-a. On the other hand, pipe 1 in the heat transport circuit
Since the heat exchanger 17-c provided between the heat exchangers 6 and 17 can receive heat from the heat exchanger 17-b, a part of the heat generated in the condenser 2 is transferred to the heat medium 4 sent by the pump 8.
0, the tube 22 of the water heat exchanger 1 can be heated. Further, a four-way valve 4-a is provided in the vicinity of the compressor 4 of the refrigerating apparatus 100. By switching the four-way valve 4-a, the condenser 2 can function as an evaporator and the evaporator 3 can function as a condenser. Can be. In this way, the cooling tower 50 functions as a heating tower, and the heat obtained in the heating tower 50 is transferred from the evaporator 2 to the condenser 3 by being heated, and the pump used in the cooling and heat transport circuit is used. The heat is transmitted to the container 21 by 7 and the liquid flowing down from the tube 22 can be changed to hot water. Such an operation is mainly performed in winter, and can be used as a heat source for heating by storing hot water in a heat storage tank.

FIG. 6 shows a modification of the configuration of FIG. 5, in which the heat exchanger 57 of FIG. 5 is replaced with a heat storage tank 59 in which a heat storage material 59-a (such as water) is placed. is there. Since the heat exchangers 17-b and 17-c are immersed in the heat storage material 59-a, during the deicing operation of the water heat exchanger 1, the heat storage material 59-a is once released from the heat exchanger 17-b. The heat stored in the heat exchanger 17-c receives the heat, and then is transferred to the heat medium 40 sent by the pump 8 and further transferred to the tube 22. In this operation, the heat storage material 59
The pump 54 can be stopped when sufficient heat is stored in -a.

FIG. 7 shows another modification of the configuration of FIG. 5, in which a heat exchanger 57 is provided in an envelope 52 of a cooling tower 50, and pipes 16 and 17 constituting a heat transport circuit are provided. Is connected to this. In this way, the heat exchanger 5
Since the heat medium 7 can directly receive the heat of the cooling tower 50, the heat medium 40 transported by the pump 8 quickly rises in temperature,
Therefore, the tube 22 constituting the water heat exchanger 1 is efficiently heated. In this configuration example, the container 31
And the container 30 are connected by a pipe 70 having a valve 71. Therefore, when a large amount of the heat medium 40 accumulates in the container 31, the valve 71 can be opened and transferred to the container 30. Thus, the flow of the heat medium 40 in the warm heat transport circuit and the cold heat transport circuit can be smoothed.

FIG. 8 shows a modification of the configuration shown in FIG. 7, in which the heat exchanger 57 is connected to the liquid 60 in the liquid reservoir 51 of the cooling tower 50.
It was immersed in the part. By doing so, the heat transfer between the liquid 60 and the heat exchanger 57 is further improved, and a large amount of heat can be quickly made to flow into the heat transport circuit.

FIG. 9 shows a modification of the configuration of FIG. 5, in which the pump 8 is omitted and both hot and cold heat are transported by the pump 7. For this purpose, a pipe 16 with a valve 11 is provided by branching to a pipe 15 on the suction side of the pump 7, and this pipe 16 is connected to a container 31. In this configuration example, the pump 7
Is disposed above the containers 30 and 31. However, the pump 7 may be disposed at a lower position than the containers 30 and 31. In this case, air bubbles hardly enter the pump 7 and the operation is good. Can be done.

FIG. 10 shows another example of the configuration of the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention.
Only one of the pumps 7 sends the heat refrigerant, and two water heat exchangers indicated by reference numerals 28 and 28-a are installed. This may be three or more. In addition, electric valves are used as the valves 10 and 10-a, and their opening degrees can be continuously changed.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which cold heat is supplied to the water heat exchanger 28-a and warm water is supplied to the water heat exchanger 28. The heat medium 40 in the container 30 is supplied to the heat exchanger 13-a by the pump 7 through the pipe 14 to obtain cold heat from the evaporator 3, and the pipes 13, 82, the valve 10-
a, enters the water heat exchanger 28-a through the valve 11-a and cools the liquid film 26 flowing down from the water injection pipe 25-a.
Thereafter, it is returned to the container 30 through the pipe 85. on the other hand,
A part of the heat medium 40 coming out of the heat exchanger 13-a passes through the valve 10 that has been throttled and has a small opening, and the pipe 8
0, valve 9, pipe 16 and then heat exchanger 17
While passing through -a, heat is obtained from the condenser 2 and then flows into the water heat exchanger 28 through the pipe 17, the valve 12, and the pipe 81. This heats the water heat exchanger 28 and heats the ice 27 attached to the water heat exchanger 28,
Strip it off. Conversely, when cooling the water heat exchanger 28 and heating the water heat exchanger 28-a, the valves 9-a, 1
1, 12-a is opened and valves 9, 11-a, 12 are closed. Thereafter, the valve 10 is fully opened, and the opening of the valve 10-a is reduced, whereby the water heat exchanger 2
8 is cooled to perform ice making, and the water heat exchanger 28-a is heated to perform de-icing. Therefore, according to this configuration, it is possible to continuously generate cold water or make ice by alternately using two water heat exchangers.

FIG. 10 shows a plate-like water heat exchanger similar to that shown in FIG.
May be used, that is, the cross-sectional structure as shown in FIG. 1A.

FIG. 11 shows a modification of the configuration of FIG. 1, which is a configuration example using a horizontal type heat exchanger 1. The frame 23 attached to the water heat exchanger 1 has a closed jacket structure, and water is introduced into the frame 23 from the water injection pipe 25. FIG. 11B shows a horizontal tube 2.
2 shows the ice 27 generated during the deicing, but the ice 2 in the tube 22 is removed by the water injected into the water injection pipe 25 during deicing.
7 is pumped out and pushed out of the tube (right side). An ice crusher 90 is provided at the pushed position.

FIG. 11 (c) shows an example of the structure of the ice crusher 90, which comprises a shaft 91, a rim 93, and a ring 94, and rotates around the shaft 91. The long ice 27 extruded from the tube 22 forms a space 92 between the rims 93 of the ice breaker.
When it enters, it collides with the rim 93 and is crushed into fine ice. FIG. 11D shows another example of the structure of the ice crusher 90, in which the number of rims 93 is increased and thereby the number of spaces 92 is increased. It is needless to say that such an ice crusher can be applied to the configuration examples shown in FIGS.

In the configuration example of FIG. 11, a heat storage tank 59 filled with a heat storage material 59-a (such as water) is provided in the pipe 17 of the heat transport circuit. This is similar to the configuration example of FIG. 6, in which the heat of the heat medium obtained in the heat exchanger 17-a is given from the heat exchanger 17-c to the heat storage material 59-a to store heat. In the dehydration operation, the necessary heat is prevented from being insufficient. Therefore, if the heat storage tank 59 is provided with a separate heat exchanger 59-b, the effect is further enhanced. It is preferable to introduce hot water or the like heated by exhaust heat into the heat exchanger 59-b, and in some cases, hot water produced using a heater may be used. Alternatively, instead of the heat exchanger 59-b, a heater may be provided directly in the heat storage material 59-a.

Although various examples of the configuration of the cooling apparatus according to the present invention have been described above, the shell tube type water heat exchanger 1 or the plate type water heat exchanger 28 and the like used in these apparatuses are the same as those of the cooling apparatus. Although it is easy to increase the size with the shape, if the heat medium 40 used inside has a low vapor pressure, the water heat exchanger does not need to be configured as a pressure vessel. To do this,
As described above, ethylene glycol or propylene glycol having a low vapor pressure and conventionally used as the heat medium 40 can be used. However, since these substances have extremely high viscosities, the heat transfer coefficient in the heat exchangers 13-a and 17-a, the tube 22 of the water heat exchanger 1, and the like becomes small,
There is a drawback that ice making takes a long time and heat controllability is not good. Therefore, in the present invention, Fluorinert having a low vapor pressure and a small viscosity (manufactured by Mitsui Fluorochemicals, trade name: FC-7)
5, PF-5050) and an aqueous solution of ethyl alcohol. Since these substances are evaporable, the cold and hot transport circuits are evacuated in a sealed structure, and if these thermal media are sealed, the thermal medium 40
The heat exchanger 13-a,
17-a, the heat transfer coefficient in the tube 22 and the like becomes extremely high, and the ice making speed, the cold water production speed, and the warm heat production speed can be increased. Also, in a system such as the present invention that can be used for hot water production and heating during heating and heating other than the purpose of ice making, it is important to use a liquid having a low vapor pressure as described above. Become. Here, when an aqueous ethanol solution is used, it is necessary to increase the ethanol concentration in order to prevent coagulation during the ice making operation. However, flammability occurs at high concentrations. Thus, as a result of an experimental study, it was found that an aqueous ethanol solution having a concentration in the range of 5 to 50% by weight was practical. In order to increase the flame retardancy of this aqueous solution, it is preferable to add a flame retardant, and the material may be a halogen compound (such as hexabromobenzene or tetrabromobisphenol) or a phosphorus compound (such as ammonium phosphate or tricresyl). Phosphate). The addition amount is suitably in the range of 0.1 to 10% by weight.

The florinate and ethanol aqueous solution described herein can be used as an antifreeze for refrigeration equipment other than the refrigeration equipment of the present invention, for example, refrigeration equipment for low-temperature warehouses, refrigeration equipment for food process cooling, or refrigeration equipment for ice skating rinks. Are also suitable.

Although the above-described water heat exchanger has been described as being disposed in the air, a water heat exchanger is disposed in a water tank, and ice is transferred underwater to a heat exchange surface. It is needless to say that the present invention is effective even in the case of more deicing.

Also, in the various configuration examples described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11, the configuration of the condenser, the installation of the heat medium container and the cooling tower, the configuration of the pressure reducing mechanism, the configuration of the water heat exchanger and the number thereof are described. Although a plurality of systems for alternately performing ice making and deicing have been shown, it is understood that all cooling / heating devices having configurations obtained by various combinations thereof, which are not shown and described, are also related to the present invention. Needless to say.

[0034]

According to the present invention, in a refrigeration apparatus for alternately heating a water heat exchanger, (1) refrigerant pools do not occur in the refrigeration cycle, the cycle configuration is simplified, and the pressure vessel does not become a pressure vessel. This facilitates the design, and (2)
Cycle operation is smooth, (3) maintainability is improved,
(4) It is easy to assemble on site, and (5) there is an effect that the operation can be performed by appropriately selecting an ice making operation, a cold water production operation close to 0 ° C., and a hot water production operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one configuration example of a cooling and heating device of the present invention;
(A) is an overall configuration diagram, and (b) is an AA ′ cross-sectional view.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which a deicing operation is being performed by the apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the cooling / heating device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating another configuration example of the cooling / heating device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the cooling / heating device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a modification of the configuration of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another modification of the configuration of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a modification of the configuration of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another modification of the configuration of FIG. 5;

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the cooling / heating device of the present invention.

11 is a diagram showing a modification of the configuration of FIG. 1,
(A) is a partial enlarged view of a water heat exchanger, (b) is a detailed view of an ice crusher, and (c) is a detailed view of an ice crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water heat exchanger 2 Condenser 3 Evaporator 4 Compressor 5 Decompression mechanism 7, 8, 54 Pump 9, 10, 11, 12 Valve 13-a, 17-a, Heat exchanger 21 Container 22 Tube 25 Water injection pipe 26 Liquid film 27 Ice 28 Water heat exchanger 30, 31 Vessel 40 Heat medium 50 Cooling tower 51 Liquid reservoir 52 Envelope 53 Fan 57 Heat exchanger 58 Sprinkler pipe 59 Thermal storage tank 60 Liquid 61 Packing 80 Controller

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A refrigeration unit having a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, a decompression mechanism, and a circulation path configured to circulate a refrigerant through the refrigeration means; A water heat exchange means for performing heat exchange to generate cold water or ice or hot water; a first heat exchange means for applying cold heat generated by the evaporator to the heat medium; A cold heat transport circuit for transporting cold heat given to the heat medium by the first heat exchanging means to the water heat exchanging means, the condenser comprising: A second heat exchange means for giving the heat generated by the heat medium to the heat medium, a valve for opening and closing the flow path of the heat medium, and a pump capable of controlling the flow rate of the heat medium, wherein the second heat exchange means Heat for transporting the heat given to the heat medium to the water heat exchange means A cooling device comprising: a transport circuit; and control means for controlling valves and pumps of the cold transport circuit and the hot transport circuit. 2. The cooling / heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a container for storing a heat medium is provided in each of the cooling / heating transportation circuit and the heating / heating transportation circuit, or both of them. 3. A container for storing a heating medium is provided in each of the cold transport circuit and the hot transport circuit;
The cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the two containers are connected by a pipe with a valve. 4. The cooling / heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a single pump is used as the pump of the cooling / heating transport circuit and the pump of the heating / heat transporting circuit. 5. The second heat exchange means includes a third heat exchange means for exchanging heat between the condenser and the liquid, and a fourth heat exchange means for exchanging heat between the liquid and the medium. 2. The cooling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a heat exchange unit, and a cooling tower for cooling the liquid after the heat exchange by the unit. 6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the fourth heat exchange means is a means having a function as a heat storage tank filled with a heat storage material between the condenser and the cooling tower. Cooling equipment. 7. The second heat exchanging means includes a cooling tower thermally coupled to the condenser, and a fifth heat exchanging means for transmitting heat around the cooling tower to the heat transport circuit. The cooling and heating device according to claim 1, wherein: 8. A plurality of the water heat exchanging means are installed, and a part of the water heat exchanging means is provided in the cold heat transport circuit,
2. The cooling device according to claim 1, wherein another water heat exchanging means is connected to the heat transport circuit at the same time so that both circuits can be operated at the same time. 9. The cooling / heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat medium is florinate or an aqueous ethanol solution. 10. The cooling and heating device according to claim 9, wherein the hot and cold transport circuits have a vacuum sealed structure. 11. A refrigeration facility which applies cold heat generated in a refrigeration cycle to a heat medium by heat exchange and performs ice making or freezing of a target facility by the cold heat of the heat medium, wherein florinert or an aqueous ethanol solution is used as the heat medium. A refrigeration facility characterized by being used. 12. The refrigeration system according to claim 11, wherein when the heat medium is an aqueous ethanol solution, a flame retardant is added to the aqueous ethanol solution.