JP2509667B2 - Thermal storage refrigeration system - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat storage refrigeration system, and more particularly to a heat storage refrigeration system and a heat storage tank which are thermally coupled by a heat flow controllable heat transfer device having no movable part. However, the present invention relates to a heat storage type refrigerating apparatus suitable for improving the reliability of heat storage.

[Prior Art] In recent years, even in an air conditioner, from the viewpoint of energy saving and economical efficiency, cold electricity is used to store cold energy, and this cold energy is used for cooling during the daytime. Sho 51
-7747, JP58-2541, JP53-1481
Those described in Japanese Patent No. 45 are known.

In particular, JP-A-53-148145 discloses an air conditioner for a general refrigeration cycle, a heat storage tank filled with a heat storage material, and an evaporator and an outdoor heat exchanger provided in the heat storage tank. The condenser provided in the above is connected to form a closed circulation path by the vapor rising pipe and the liquid descending pipe, and the air conditioner is operated from the heat storage tank by a bubble pump system, a tank heating system, or a vapor lock system. The technology for transferring heat to and from the outdoor heat exchanger in and out of the outdoor heat exchanger to the heat storage tank has been disclosed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the technique described in JP-A-51-7747, a refrigerating apparatus is provided indoors and a heat storage tank is provided outdoors, and when these are thermally coupled, a complicated cycle is required. Refrigerating equipment configured as such had to be filled with a refrigerant on site for adjustment, and workability and maintainability were not considered.

Further, the technique described in JP-A-58-2541 solves the above problem by an indirect heat exchange system in which a refrigerating device and a heat storage tank are connected by a pipe containing a heat medium, and the heat medium is circulated by a pump. However, on the other hand, no consideration was given to the reliability and pump power of a pump having a mechanically movable part.

Further, the technique described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-148145 described above is the technique closest to the present invention, in which a heat transfer device having no moving parts is used to transfer heat from the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner to the heat storage tank, or The heat stored in the heat storage tank can be effectively used for cooling and heating by transferring heat from the outdoor heat exchanger to the outdoor heat exchanger, but the heat storage material attached around the heat exchanger in the heat storage tank (evaporator). No consideration was given to reducing the thermal resistance of the heat exchanger by appropriately removing crystals (such as ice). Further, the heat transfer device section is different from the present invention in terms of the cycle configuration and the operating method.

The present invention was made in order to solve the above problems in the prior art, when taking out heat while solidifying the heat storage material in the heat storage tank, heat storage material crystals that adhere to the periphery of the heat exchanger in the heat storage tank. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat storage type refrigerating apparatus which has high maintainability, workability, high reliability, and low power consumption, as well as facilitates heat acquisition by appropriately separating.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the structure of the heat storage type refrigerating apparatus according to the present invention is configured by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducing mechanism, and an evaporator to a refrigerating cycle. Refrigeration equipment to
A heat storage tank filled with a heat storage material, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a liquid return pipe connecting these first and second heat exchangers, and a vapor transfer pipe constitute a closed circulation path for an evaporative liquid. A heat storage controllable heat transfer device, wherein a first heat exchanger of the heat flow controllable heat transfer device is arranged in the evaporator, and a second heat exchanger is arranged in the heat storage tank. The first
The middle part of the liquid return pipe connecting the second heat exchanger is a start-up pipe having at least an inverted U-shaped part, and the first part of the start-up pipe is
A branch provided with a first heater at the heat exchanger side root part and a second heater at the second heat exchanger side root part, and also provided with an opening / closing valve in parallel with the pressure reducing mechanism in the refrigeration cycle line of the refrigerating apparatus. It has a pipeline.

Further, the second heat exchanger provided in the heat storage tank is connected to the meandering heat transfer tube to form the dish portion with the vertical fins, or is communicated with the liquid return tube and the vapor transfer tube, respectively. And manifolds and heat transfer tubes with vertical fins arranged in series between the manifolds.

In addition, the above-mentioned purpose is composed of a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a liquid return pipe, a start-up pipe, first and second heaters provided at the base of the start-up pipe, and a steam transfer pipe. This is achieved by thermally coupling the refrigeration system and the heat storage tank to each other by means of a heat transfer controllable heat transfer device.

[Operation] The operation of the above technical means is as follows.

The heat flow controllable heat transfer device is a heat transfer device that does not have a moving part like a conventional pump, and therefore has extremely high reliability. Further, since the evaporative liquid is enclosed and operated in the heat flow controllable heat transfer device, even if the liquid leaks at the time of maintenance and inspection, the liquid evaporates and the handling is easy. That is, when the conventional non-evaporable antifreeze liquid leaks out, there is no troublesomeness of collecting and storing it.

When the on-off valve of the refrigerating device is closed to perform a normal refrigerating cycle operation, the first heat exchanger of the heat flow controllable heat transfer device is cooled and the evaporative liquid is supplied to the first heater by the first heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger solidifies the heat storage material in the heat storage tank from the first heat exchanger through the liquid return pipe, and the evaporative liquid returns to the first heat exchanger through the evaporation transfer pipe.

When the on-off valve is opened and input to the second heater, the flow of the evaporative liquid in the heat flow controllable heat transfer device is in the reverse cycle described above, and solidifies in the vertical fin plate or the heat transfer tube part of the second heat exchanger. The heat storage material crystals are released to improve the reliability of heat storage.

The input applied to the first and second heaters is as small as about 1/20 of the amount of heat transferred from the first heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger,
It is also a good measure in terms of power consumption.

Embodiments Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat storage type refrigerating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a second heat exchanger of FIG. 1, and FIG. It is a top view of an exchanger.

The heat storage type refrigerating apparatus of one embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 comprises a refrigerating apparatus 1, a heat flow controllable heat transfer device 2 and a heat storage tank 3.

The refrigerating apparatus 1 has a branch line that includes a compressor 4, a condenser 5, a pressure reducing mechanism 6, and an evaporator 7 connected by a pipe 9 to form a refrigerating cycle, and has an opening / closing valve 8 in parallel with the pressure reducing mechanism 6. Have ten. This refrigeration cycle system contains an evaporative liquid such as CFC.

The heat flow controllable heat transfer device 2 includes a first heat exchanger 21, a second heat exchanger 22, a liquid return pipe 23 communicating with the first heat exchanger 21, and a second heat exchanger 21.
Liquid return pipes 23 'communicating with the heat exchanger 22, these liquid return pipes 2
Inverted U-shaped start-up pipe 25 in the middle part of 3,23 ', first heater 2 provided at the root part of this start-up pipe 25 on the first heat exchanger side
9. A closed circulation path is formed with the second heater 30 provided at the base portion on the second heat exchanger side and the steam transfer pipe 24 communicating with the first and second heat exchangers 21 and 22 as main components. In this closed circulation path, an evaporative liquid such as CFC is contained.

The heat storage tank 3 has a tank body 31 filled with a heat storage material 32 such as water or calcium chloride hexahydrate.

As is clear from FIG. 1, the first heat exchanger 21 is arranged in the evaporator 7, and the second heat exchanger 22 is arranged in the heat storage tank 3.

An example of the detailed configuration of the second heat exchanger 22 arranged in the heat storage tank 3 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

The second heat exchanger 22 includes a meandering heat transfer tube 51, which is a pipe through which an evaporative liquid passes, a heat transfer plate 52, and vertical fins 53, 53 ′, 54,5.
4'is joined to form a dish shape with vertical fins. Reference numeral 32 'indicates a heat storage material crystal (for example, ice) condensed in the vertical fin plate.

 Next, the operation of such a heat storage type refrigerating apparatus will be described.

Now, a case will be described in which the refrigerating apparatus 1 and the heat flow controllable heat transfer apparatus 2 are operated to solidify the heat storage material 32 in the heat storage tank 3 to store cold.

When the compressor 4 is operated, the evaporative liquid inside is adiabatically compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which enters the condenser 5 via the pipe 9. Here, the gas dissipates heat and liquefies, and then the decompression mechanism 6
Flows into. In the decompression mechanism 6, the evaporative liquid is adiabatically expanded and cooled, and then flows into the evaporator 7 and is returned to the compressor 4. Since the evaporator 7 is cooled by the adiabatic expansion of the evaporative liquid, the first heat exchanger 21, which is thermally coupled to the evaporator 7, is also cooled.

Corresponding to the operation of the refrigeration system 1, the heat flow controllable heat transfer device 2 is also operated as follows.

First, when a minute input is applied to the first heater 29, the reverse U
The evaporative liquid boils inside the left side of the V-shaped start-up pipe 25, and the liquid pumping the bubbles generated thereby pumps up the liquid around it. The pumped liquid overflows beyond the top of the riser pipe 25 and flows into the second heat exchanger 22 through the liquid return pipe 23 '. Here, the evaporative liquid absorbs heat from the heat storage material 32 around the second heat exchanger 22 and evaporates.
To flow into the first heat exchanger 21, where the heat of condensation is released and liquefied.

In this way, the heat held by the heat storage material 32 in the heat storage tank 3 is transported to the refrigerating apparatus 1 side via the heat flow controllable heat transfer device 2 and finally dissipated to the outside. For this reason, the temperature of the heat storage material 32 falls and becomes equal to or lower than the freezing point, and the heat storage material crystals 32 'are attached around the second heat exchanger. When the crystal is thickly attached to the second heat exchanger, the thermal resistance of that portion increases,
It becomes difficult for heat to enter the second heat exchanger 22 from the heat storage material 32, and as a result, the crystal growth rate of the heat storage material 32 becomes small.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the second heat exchanger is performed as follows.
The crystals attached to 22 are released to reduce the thermal resistance.

That is, the operation of the compressor 4 of the refrigeration system 1 is stopped and the open / close valve 8 is opened. By doing so, the heat on the condenser 5 side moves to the evaporator 7 side via the pipe 10 and the opening / closing valve 8 due to the evaporation action of the evaporative liquid, and the temperature of the evaporator 7 rises. Therefore, the temperature of the first heat exchanger 21 of the heat flow controllable heat transfer device 2 also rises, and the evaporative liquid contained in the heat transfer device 2 moves from the side of the first heat exchanger 21 in the opposite direction. The steam starts to move to the second heat exchanger 22 side through the steam transfer pipe 24. Second heat exchanger
The liquid condensed in 22 descends the liquid return pipe 23 'and rises up.
Since it reaches the root of the right side of 25 (the side of the second heat exchanger), by inputting to the second heater 30, the bubble pump action is used to cross the top of the rising pipe 25 and through the liquid return pipe 23. It can be returned to the first heat exchanger 21.

In this way, from the first heat exchanger 21 side to the second
Heat is transferred to the heat exchanger 22 side.

In FIG. 1, the pressure equalizing pipe 26 is provided with the first and second heaters 29, 3
This is for smoothing the bubble pumping action in the riser pipe 25 by separating the bubbles generated in the riser pipe 25 and moving them into the vapor transfer pipe 24 when electricity is applied to 0.

Due to the above reverse cycle operation, the temperature of the second heat exchanger 22 temporarily becomes equal to or higher than the melting point of the heat storage material 32, and the second heat exchanger 22
A part of the heat storage material crystal 32 'around 22 is melted, and the heat storage material crystal 32' in the dish portion with the vertical fins is separated to reduce the thermal resistance.

After that, the on-off valve 8 is closed again, the compressor 4 is operated, and further, the first heater 29 is input instead of the second heater 30 to cool the heat storage material 32 and perform cold storage. When such an operation is appropriately alternately performed, the thermal resistance around the second heat exchanger 22 decreases,
The heat transfer area can be reduced and the efficiency of the refrigeration system 1 can be improved.

If the liquid return pipes 23, 23 'of the heat flow controllable heat transfer device 2 are provided with liquid storage tanks 27, 28, it becomes easy to adjust the amount of the evaporative liquid to be sealed in the closed circulation path, and the bubbles The pump action can be smoothly performed.

The cold heat stored in the heat storage tank 3 as described above is used as follows.

Another heat exchanger (not shown) is provided in the heat storage material 32 of the heat storage tank 3, a heat medium (refrigerant) is caused to flow inside, and the heat medium is introduced into the heat exchanger provided in the living room or the like for cooling. To use. When the heat storage material 32 is water, it is sufficient to introduce the heat storage material 32 into the heat exchanger in the living room as it is without providing a new heat exchanger in the heat storage material 32. Further, the refrigerating apparatus 1 is operated in the reverse cycle, and 5 in FIG.
If is used as a condenser, the cold heat of the heat storage tank 3 can be used for cooling via the heat flow controllable heat transfer device 2.

 According to this embodiment, there are the following effects.

(1) Crystal separation of the heat storage material can be smoothly performed.

(2) The power consumption can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional pump power.

(3) The heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger in the heat storage tank can be improved by using the heat transfer of evaporation and condensation, and the heat transfer area can be reduced and downsized.

(4) Maintainability, workability, and reliability can be improved, which is convenient for practical use.

Next, FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat storage type refrigerating apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, those having the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 are the same parts as those in the previous embodiment, and therefore their explanations are omitted.

The embodiment of FIG. 4 is an embodiment in which the refrigerating apparatus 1 is located lower than the heat storage tank 3.

In this embodiment, the riser pipe 25A located in the middle of the liquid return pipes 23, 23 'has the second riser on the first heat exchanger 21 side.
It is longer than the rising on the side of the heat exchanger 22 and its top is formed in an inverted U shape.

 In addition, in FIG. 4, control wiring is also shown.

That is, 40 is a controller, and from this controller 40 to the first heater 29, the second heater 30, the temperature sensor 44 provided in the second heat exchanger 22, and the open / close valve (solenoid valve) 8, the lead wires are respectively provided. Four
1, 42, 45, 43 are connected as shown.

According to the embodiment of FIG. 4, the same effect as that described in the embodiment of FIG. 1 can be expected.

Next, FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat storage type refrigerating apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, those having the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 are the same parts as those of the previous embodiment, and therefore their explanations are omitted.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is an embodiment in which the refrigeration system 1 is located higher than the heat storage tank 3.

In this embodiment, the riser pipe 25B located in the middle of the liquid return pipes 23, 23 'has a shorter rise on the first heat exchanger 21 side than on the second heat exchanger 22 side, and its top portion. Are formed in an inverted U shape.

According to the embodiment of FIG. 5, the same effect as that described in the embodiment of FIG. 1 can be expected.

It should be noted that in both FIG. 5 and FIG.
It goes without saying that the control wiring (not shown) as shown in the figure is connected.

Next, another embodiment of the structure of the second heat exchanger in the heat storage tank will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing another example of the configuration of the second heat exchanger, FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing yet another example of the configuration of the second heat exchanger, and FIG. It is a top view of a 2 heat exchanger.

The second heat exchanger 22A shown in FIG. 6 has a meandering heat transfer tube 51.
The heat transfer branch 52A, the vertical fins 53, 53 ', 54, etc. are joined on top to form a dish shape with vertical fins.

According to the second heat exchanger 22A having this shape, the heat storage material crystal 32 'is likely to be detached, as in the example of FIGS.

The second heat exchanger 22B shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 includes manifolds 60a and 60b which communicate with the liquid return pipe 23 'and the vapor transfer pipe 24, respectively.
And a heat transfer tube with a vertical fin arranged continuously between the manifolds 60a and 60b.

More specifically, heat transfer tubes 61 through which the evaporative liquid passes are connected in series as shown, and each heat transfer tube 61 has a vertical fin 63. Further, the ends of the heat transfer tubes 61 are connected to the manifolds 60a and 60b via the thin tubes 61 '. Further, vertical fins 64 are provided at both ends of the vertical fin 63 in the direction perpendicular to the vertical fins 63. In this way, the heat storage material crystals 32 'existing inside the vertical fins 63, 64 are easily separated when heated. Separation plates 65 attached to the left and right of the figure are provided to facilitate separation of the heat storage material crystals 32 ″ outside the vertical fins 63 and 64 existing at the peripheral edge.

The second heat exchanger shown in FIGS. 6 to 7 is
It has the same effect as the second heat exchanger shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and is used for the heat storage type refrigerating apparatus shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 5 above. is there.

In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, it is used for cooling the living room, etc., and stores the cold by using the nighttime electric power. Needless to say, it can also be used for freezing vegetables and fish.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, when heat is taken out while solidifying the heat storage material in the heat storage tank, the heat storage material crystals attached around the heat exchanger in the heat storage tank are appropriately separated. Thus, it is possible to provide a heat storage type refrigerating apparatus which facilitates heat acquisition and has high maintainability, workability, reliability, and low power consumption.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat storage type refrigerating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a second heat exchanger of FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the second heat exchanger, FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat storage type refrigerating apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat storage type refrigerating apparatus according to an embodiment, FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing another example of the configuration of the second heat exchanger, and FIG. 7 is still another configuration of the second heat exchanger. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of FIG. 8 and FIG. 8 is a plan view of the second heat exchanger. 1 ... Refrigeration device, 2 ... Heat flow controllable heat transfer device, 3 ...
Heat storage tank, 4 ... Compressor, 5 ... Condenser, 6 ... Decompression mechanism, 7 ... Evaporator, 8 ... Open / close valve, 10 ... Branch pipe line, 21
…… First heat exchanger, 22 …… Second heat exchanger, 23,23 ′ ……
Liquid return pipe, 24 ... Steam transfer pipe, 25, 25A, 25B ... Start-up pipe, 29 ... First heater, 30 ... Second heater, 32 ...
Heat storage material, 32 ′, 32 ″ …… Heat storage material crystal, 51,61 …… Heat transfer tube,
52,52A …… heat transfer plate, 53,53 ′, 54,54 ′, 63,64 …… vertical fin, 65 …… separator plate.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A refrigerating apparatus, in which a compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducing mechanism, and an evaporator are connected by piping to form a refrigerating cycle, a heat storage tank filled with a heat storage material, a first heat exchanger, and a second heat exchange. In the heat storage type refrigerating apparatus, the heat flow controllable heat transfer device comprising a liquid return pipe connecting the first and second heat exchangers, and a vapor transfer pipe to form a closed circulation path for the evaporative liquid. The first heat exchanger of the controllable heat transfer device is arranged in the evaporator, the second heat exchanger is arranged in the heat storage tank, and the middle part of the liquid return pipe connecting the first and second heat exchangers is A startup pipe having at least an inverted U-shaped portion is provided, and a first heater is provided at the root portion of the first heat exchanger side of the startup pipe, and a second heater is provided at the root portion of the second heat exchanger side thereof. In the refrigeration cycle line of the refrigeration system, a branch line having an opening / closing valve in parallel with the pressure reducing mechanism is provided. And a heat storage type refrigerating device. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the refrigeration system is operated by closing the on-off valve, the first
When the heater is input and the on-off valve is opened and closed, the second
A heat storage type refrigerating device, characterized in that a control circuit is configured to input the heater. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second heat exchanger provided in the heat storage tank is joined to the meandering heat transfer tube to form a vertical finned dish portion. Characteristic heat storage type refrigerator. 4. The second heat exchanger provided in the heat storage tank according to claim 1, wherein the second heat exchanger is connected to the liquid return pipe and the vapor transfer pipe, respectively, and is connected between the manifolds. And a heat transfer tube with a vertical fin arranged in parallel.