JPH10203420A - Opening/closing device of door for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an opening/closing device of a door for a vehicle whereby moment by a spring can be substantially conformed to a tendency of a moment by dead weight of the door. SOLUTION: In an opening/closing device of a door for a vehicle applying tension of a spring 26 to a door 24 having an arm 22 mounted in a car body capable of swiveling around a pin 20 thus to facilitate opening/closing of the door, the device comprises a first link 28 connecting an end part of the spring 26 so as to apply spring tension from this end part and a second link 30 connected respectively swivelably to this link and arm. The first/second link is arranged in a manner wherein moment by the spring of the door from fully closed position leading to a fully opened position is substantially in the same tendency to a moment by dead weight of the door.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an opening and closing device for a vehicle door, and more particularly to an opening and closing device for a luggage door or a back door of a passenger car.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 8, a vehicle door for applying a spring force of a spring 14 fixed to a vehicle body to a door 13 having an arm 12 attached to the vehicle body 11 so as to swing around a pin 10. Switchgear is used. Spring 14
Is a torsion bar spring, the end of which is connected to the link 15, and the link 15 is connected to the arm 12 so as to swing.

The door 13 is a door of a trunk room, that is, a luggage door, and can swing from a fully closed position shown by a solid line to a fully open position shown by a virtual line. Luggage door 1
When lowering 3 from the fully open position to the fully closed position indicated by the solid line, the arm 12 rotates clockwise around the pin 10 in the figure, and the torsion bar spring 14 receives a torsional force via the link 15 accordingly. As a result, when the luggage door 13 reaches the fully closed position, the torsion bar spring 14 stores an elastic force based on the torsional force, that is, a repulsive force. This repulsive force acts to oppose gravity acting on the luggage door 13 when the luggage door 13 is to be opened, thereby reducing the opening operation force of the luggage door 13 and facilitating the opening. Also, the luggage door is held at the fully open position.

[0004]

When the moment due to the self-weight of the luggage door was actually measured from the fully closed position to the fully opened position, a curved characteristic A shown in FIG. 9 was obtained. On the other hand, the moment due to the torsion bar spring is a substantially linear characteristic B. The range of opening theta ₁ through? ₂ luggage door in this situation, since the moment due to the weight of the luggage door exceeds the moment due to the torsion bar spring, the luggage door unless supported by hand luggage door would fall. This is inconvenient, for example, when it is desired to keep the luggage door half-open due to rainy weather.

If a moment such as the characteristic C is obtained by simply increasing the spring force of the torsion bar spring, the repulsive force at the fully closed position increases, so that extra force is required to close the luggage door. Required. in addition,
In the fully open position, the moment due to the torsion bar spring exceeds the moment due to the weight of the luggage door, so that the luggage door pops up vigorously and impacts the stopper of the vehicle body. A similar problem arises when attempting to open the back door of an automobile with a spring.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a vehicle door opening / closing device capable of making the moment by a spring substantially coincide with the tendency of the moment by the weight of the door.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention applies a spring force of a spring fixed to a vehicle body to a door having an arm attached to the vehicle body so as to swing around a pin, thereby opening the door. A vehicle door opening / closing device for facilitating connection of a first link connecting an end portion of the spring so that a spring force is applied from the end portion, and a swingable connection to the link and the arm, respectively. And a second link. The first link and the second link are configured such that a moment by the spring during a period from the fully closed position to the fully open position of the door is a moment due to a weight of the door during a period from the fully closed position to the fully open position of the door. Are arranged so as to have substantially the same tendency.

[0008] Preferably, the spring is a torsion bar spring. Further, it is preferable that a third link is swingably connected to the vehicle body and the first link.

[0009]

When the door is in the fully closed position, a repulsive force is stored in the spring. This repulsive force is applied to the connection point between the spring and the first link, is transmitted via the first link to the connection point between the first link and the second link, and is divided here. Further, the power is transmitted to a connection point between the second link and the arm, and the arm is rotated.

The moment due to the spring force for rotating the arm is proportional to the tangential force at the connection point when the connection point between the second link and the arm rotates around the pin, and this tangential force is equal to the first link force. A tangential component of a component force at a connection point between the first link and the second link. Therefore, by appropriately selecting the position of the connection point between the spring and the first link, the position of the connection point between the first link and the second link, and the position of the connection point between the second link and the arm. In particular, in the vicinity of each of the fully closed position and the fully opened position, the tangential force at the connection point between the second link and the arm can be reduced, whereby the moment due to the spring force is substantially the same as the moment due to the weight of the door. Can be a trend. As a result, the moment difference can be kept substantially the same regardless of the opening degree of the door.

When the spring is a torsion bar spring, the spring can be installed at a position remote from the opening of the vehicle body to be opened and closed by the door, so that the spring can be prevented from being noticeable.

When a third link is swingably connected to the vehicle body and the first link, the movement of the first link can be restrained by the third link. Can be secured.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A vehicle door is a luggage door or a back door, and has two arms on two lateral sides of the vehicle body. Each arm is attached to the vehicle body via a bracket so as to swing around the pin. On the other hand, the spring fixed to the vehicle body and applying a spring force to the door is a torsion bar spring or a coil spring. One torsion bar spring or coil spring is engaged with each arm.

The first link connecting the ends of the spring in such a way that a spring force is applied from this end can be formed so that the sides have a substantially triangular shape, and via the first link. The second link receiving the spring force may be formed to have a rectangular shape. The first link and the second link can be made of a steel plate having rigidity that does not deform due to a spring force. The end of the spring is connected to one of the three apexes of the first link, the second link is connected to one of the remaining two apex and the third link is connected to the other. . Further, the second link is connected to the arm, and the third link is connected to the third link.
Link to the vehicle body. The link between the first link and the second link, the link between the second link and the arm, and the link between the first link and the third link are swingable.

The first link and the second link each have a spring moment from the fully closed position of the door to the fully open position, and a moment due to the weight of the door from the fully closed position of the door to the fully open position. Are arranged so as to have substantially the same tendency. This can be achieved, for example, by determining that the moment by the spring in the vicinity of the fully closed position and in the vicinity of the fully opened position of the door has substantially the same tendency as the moment by the weight of the door. The characteristic of the moment due to the spring obtained in this manner is a line graph, whereas the characteristic of the moment due to the weight of the door is a curved graph. However, the difference is not a practical problem. The moment by the spring is determined to exceed the moment by the weight of the door from the front closed position to the fully opened position of the door.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 showing a sectional view of a door opening and closing device for a vehicle, a door 24 having an arm 22 attached to a vehicle body so as to swing around a pin 20 is provided.
A spring 26 fixed to the vehicle body applies a spring force to thereby facilitate opening of the door, and includes a first link 28 and a second link 30. Door 24
In the illustrated embodiment, it is a luggage door, and has an arm 22 on each side in the width direction of the vehicle body.

The arm 22 is bent substantially in a U-shape. One end of the arm 22 is swingably connected to the bracket 32, and the other end is connected to the door 24 by bolts and nuts (not shown). Are linked.

Referring to FIG. 3 showing a disassembled state, the bracket 32 is provided with a connecting portion 34, a pair of horizontal U-shaped supporting portions 35 provided on both sides of the connecting portion 34, and a connecting portion 34. And a pair of pivot portions 36 which are provided below the support portion 35 and inside the support portion 35 and are spaced apart from each other. Two holes 37 penetrating vertically are formed in the connecting portion 34, and holes 38 penetrating in the horizontal direction are formed in each pivot portion 36.
The pivot hole 38 is located at a higher level than the notch in the support 35. The bracket 32 is, as shown in FIG.
A bolt 42 is passed through a hole formed in the panel 40 of the vehicle body and a hole 37 of the connecting portion 34, and a nut 44 is screwed into the bolt 42 to be attached to the panel 40. One end 23 of the arm 22 is inserted into the space between the pair of pivots 36, and a pin 20 is inserted into the hole 38 of the pivot and the hole 46 of the end 23 of the arm.
The arm 22 is connected to the bracket 32 by fixing the pin 20 with a C clip.

The spring 26 is, in the illustrated embodiment, a torsion bar spring made of a round steel material. As shown in FIG. 3, the torsion bar spring 26 integrally has an end portion 48 bent in a U-shape and a linear main body portion 49. The connecting portion of the end portion 48 with the main body portion 49 and the portion extending from the end portion 48 in the opposite direction to the main body portion 49 and positioned on the axis of the main body portion 49 are hooked on the support portion 35 of the bracket 32 to thereby provide a torsion bar. The spring 26 is attached to the bracket 32
It is supported by. A bearing member 50 is fitted on the support portion 35 to prevent wear due to contact with the torsion bar spring 26. The main body portion 49 of the torsion bar spring extends in the width direction of the vehicle body toward the bracket for the other arm, and like the main body portion 49A shown in FIG. 3, a cutting portion provided on the bracket for the other arm. It is fitted in the notch 52 and further extends beyond the notch 52. The portion of the main body 49 extending beyond the notch 52 is bent at a right angle and fixed to the vehicle body.

The first link 28 is, in the embodiment shown,
The shape in a side view is substantially triangular or trapezoidal, has a groove 54 extending horizontally in one vertex, and holes 55 and 56 penetrating horizontally in the other two vertex. .
The groove 54 receives the end 48 of the torsion bar spring 26 and is connected to the end 48, and receives the spring force from the end 48. Groove 54 has a semi-circular bottom surface to allow relative movement with end 48. On the other hand, the second link 30
The holes 58 and 5 are formed by bending a plate material so as to sandwich the first link 28 and formed in a groove shape, and penetrating in the horizontal direction.
9 and, in the embodiment shown, a notch 60.

First link 28 and second link 30
Is from the fully closed position (FIG. 1) to the fully open position (FIG. 2) of the door 24.
Is arranged so that the moment due to the spring 26 during the movement from the fully closed position to the fully open position of the door 24 has substantially the same tendency as the moment due to the weight of the door 24 during the movement from the fully closed position to the fully opened position. It is preferable to determine the size of each component and the spring constant of the spring 26 so that the moment by the spring 26 exceeds the moment by the weight of the door 24 during the period from the fully closed position to the fully opened position of the door 24.

This is achieved in the embodiment shown by connecting the first link 28 and the second link 30 as follows. That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the end portion 48 of the torsion bar spring 26 is fitted into the groove 54 of the first link 28 and connected to the first link 28 and the end portion 48. The link 28 is sandwiched between the second links 30, and a pin 62 is inserted into the hole 58 of the second link 30 and the hole 55 of the first link 28 to swing the first link 28 and the second link 30. Connect as possible. Further, the arm 22 is sandwiched between the second links 30, and a pin 64 is inserted into the hole 59 of the second link 30 and the hole 47 formed in the arm, so that the second link 30 and the arm 22 are swingably connected. I do.

In the illustrated embodiment, the third link 66 is further swingably connected to the first link 28 by a pin 68 that extends through the hole 56 in the first link 28.
The third link 66 is connected to the pair of pivots 3 of the bracket 32.
6 and a support portion 39 provided below the connecting portion 34 in front of
Are swingably connected to each other by a pin (not shown). The third link 66 has a function of restricting the movement of the first link 28. For example, it is also possible to use the straight link 28A having two through holes shown by the phantom line in FIG. 1 as the first link and omit the third link 66. In this case, the link 28A is connected to the spring 26 at one hole and to the second link 30 at the other hole. When the link 28A is used, the degree of freedom in determining the arrangement and dimensions of the links 28A and 30 is limited in order to eliminate the possibility that the connection point between the link 28A and the spring 26 may be a conceivable point. In contrast, link 6
When the movement of the link 28 is restricted by the link 6, the link 2
The degree of freedom of arrangement and dimensions of 8, 30 can be increased. Link 30
The notch 60 of the arm 22 is provided when the link 66 is provided.
Is provided in order to avoid interference with the link 66 when the fully closed position is reached. When the door 24 is in the fully closed position, as shown in FIG. 1, the door 24 comes into contact with and deforms the sealing material 68 disposed around the opening of the luggage room. This prevents rainwater from entering the luggage room 69.

The door opening / closing device operates as follows. As shown by the solid line in FIG. 5, when the door 24 is in the fully closed position,
The end portion 48 of the spring 26 is pushed forward by the arm 22, the second link 30, and the first link 28, and a torsion force is applied to the body portion of the spring 26. This torsional force is stored in the spring 26 as a repulsive force. In the fully closed position of the door 24, the repulsive force F ₁ is a tangent of an arc centered on the portion 27 of the spring 26 in the support 35 of the bracket 32 at the connection point between the end 48 of the spring and the first link 28. It works in the direction and is taken out at a connection point 70 between the first link 28 and the second link 30. The connection point 70 is the second link 30
The force at this time is a component force F ₂ in the tangential direction of the arc around the pin 20 at the connection point 70. The component force F ₂ is taken out at a connection point 72 between the second link 30 and the arm 22. The connection point 72 transmits a force to the arm 22, and the force at this time is a component force F ₃ in a tangential direction of an arc around the pin 20 at the connection point 72,
This component force F _3, the product of the distance from the connecting point 72 until the pin 20 is the moment for rotating the arm 22 to the pin 20 about.

When the door 24 is opened to the middle position,
Repulsive force F ₄ exerted from the spring 26B, the spring end 48B
At the connection point between the first link 28B and the bracket 3
The second support portion 35 acts in the tangential direction of a circular arc centered on the portion 27 of the spring 26 and is taken out to a connection point 70B between the first link 28B and the second link 30B. Connection point 70B is transmitting a force to the second link 30B, the force at this time is a tangential force component F ₅ arc around the pin 20 in the connection point 70B. Component force F ₅ is extracted to the connection point 72B and the second link 30B and the arm. The connection point 72B transmits a force to the arm, and the force at this time is a component force F ₆ in the tangential direction of the arc around the pin 20 at the connection point 72B, and this component force F ₆ and the connection point 72B The product of the distance from the pin to the pin 20 is the moment for rotating the arm around the pin 20.

When the door 24 is in the fully open position, the force is similarly applied, and the connecting point 72C between the second link 30C and the arm 22 is
The component force F ₇ taken out, acts in the tangential direction of the arc about the pin 20 in the connecting point 72C, this component force F ₇
The product of the distance from the connection point 72C to the pin 20 is the moment for rotating the arm about the pin 20.

The door opening / closing device shown in FIG. 6 applies a spring force of a spring 80 fixed to the vehicle body to a door 24 having an arm 22 attached to the vehicle body so as to swing around a pin 20. The first link 82 and the second link 30 are provided to facilitate opening of the door 24. This embodiment is different from the previous embodiment in that the spring 80 is a tension coil spring instead of the torsion bar spring, and the first link 82 has a through hole 84 instead of a groove for connecting the spring. The other configuration is substantially the same as that of the above embodiment. Coil spring 80
Has one end 81 formed in a U-shape, and this end 81 is hooked on a hole 84 of the first link 82 to be connected to the first link 82. The other end of the coil spring 80 is fixed to the vehicle body.

In this embodiment, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 6, when the door 24 is in the fully closed position, the spring 80 is pulled forward by the arm 22, the second link 30, and the first link 80, A tensile force is applied to the spring 80. This pulling force is stored in the spring 80 as a repulsive force. The operation by the spring 80 is substantially the same as the operation by the torsion bar spring of the above-described embodiment, and the door 24 receives a moment due to the spring force of the coil spring 80 divided at two connection points, and It rotates from the fully closed position of the solid line to the fully open position of the virtual line.

According to the present invention, 2 is provided between the spring and the arm.
As shown in FIG. 7, as a result of the repulsive force of the spring being divided at the connection point between the first link and the second link and the connection point between the second link and the arm with the two links interposed therebetween, as shown in FIG. In particular, it is possible to obtain the characteristic D of the moment due to the spring which decreases in the vicinity of each of the fully closed position and the fully open position. This is substantially the same as the characteristic A of the moment due to the weight of the door, and exceeds the moment due to the weight of the door from the fully closed position to the fully opened position of the door.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a vehicle door opening / closing device according to the present invention, showing a state where the door is in a fully closed position.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the vehicle door opening / closing device according to the present invention, showing a state where the door is in a fully open position.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of an arm, a first link, a second link, and a bracket.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state where an arm, a first link, and a second link are assembled.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the operation of the vehicle door according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the vehicle door opening / closing device according to the present invention, showing a state where the door is in a fully closed position.

FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a moment and a door opening obtained by the vehicle door opening / closing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a conventional vehicle door opening / closing device.

FIG. 9 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a moment obtained by a conventional vehicle door opening / closing device and a door opening degree.

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 pin 22 arm 24 door 26,80 spring 28,82 first link 30 second link 69 luggage room

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hideyuki Kuramochi 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Motor Corporation

Claims (3)

[Claims] An opening and closing of a vehicle door for applying a spring force of a spring fixed to the vehicle body to a door having an arm attached to the vehicle body so as to swing around a pin, thereby facilitating opening of the door. An apparatus, comprising: a first link that connects an end of the spring so that a spring force is applied from the end; and a second link that is swingably connected to the link and the arm. The first link and the second link are provided so that the moment of the spring during the period from the fully closed position to the fully open position of the door is the weight of the door during the period from the fully closed position to the fully open position of the door. Opening and closing device for a vehicle door arranged so as to have substantially the same tendency as the moment by the vehicle. 2. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein the spring is a torsion bar spring. 3. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 1, further comprising a third link that is swingably connected to the vehicle body and the first link.