JPH10194464A - Cargo loading device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To transfer a cargo to an load receiving base without causing a collapse of the cargos, avoid complication of a facility and avoid restriction of cargo loading work onto a movable base. SOLUTION: This is a cargo loading device to load cargos in a stacked state by delivering them onto a cargo receiving base of a transport vehicle, etc., and guide rails 2, 2 of the same height as the cargo receiving base are provided on a base 3. A plural number of carrier rollers 6 are provided in parallel on a movable base 5 supported on the guide rails 2, 2 free to reciprocally move. The loads are placed on the carrier roller 6, when the movable base advance onto the cargo receiving base, rotation of the carrier roller 6 is stopped, and as the movable base 5 retreats, the cargos are delivered onto the cargo receiving base by driving the carrier roller 6 in the cargo delivering direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a loading device used to streamline the unloading work of a load in a shipping line or a distribution center of a production factory, and more particularly to a loading device for a transportation vehicle or the like. The present invention relates to a loading device for sending and stacking loads in a state of being stacked on a table.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, as a loading apparatus of this type, a type in which a movable table on which a plurality of free rollers are arranged is reciprocated with respect to a receiving table such as a transportation vehicle has been put to practical use. When performing a loading operation using this loading device, first, a large number of loads are stacked on the movable platform, and the movable platform is sent to the loading tray of the transport vehicle and stopped. The load is lowered from the movable table to the load receiving table by retracting the movable table with the stopper.

However, in this loading device, when the movable table is moved backward, the load of the load is applied to the stopper. Therefore, the balance of the load is lost due to the reaction force, and the load may collapse. In addition, since a large load is applied to the stopper, it is necessary to design the stopper in consideration of the load resistance, and there is a problem that the manufacturing cost of the loading device is high.

In order to solve this problem, the applicant has previously
A loading device having the configuration shown in FIG.
No. 107331). The loading device shown in the figure includes a movable base 103 having an endless belt 102 stretched between a pair of front and rear rollers 101, 101, a feed mechanism 104 for supporting the movable base 103 so as to be able to reciprocate in the front-rear direction, Endless belt 102
Mechanism 1 for clamping upper side portion 102a
05.

[0005] In order to load the load M into the container of the transport vehicle 106 in a stacked state by this loading device, first, a large number of loads M are placed on the upper side 102a of the endless belt 102 in a stacked manner. Next, the movable platform 103 is moved forward by the feed mechanism 104 and moved onto the load receiving platform 106a of the transport vehicle 106.

Next, as shown in FIG. 15A, the rear end of the upper side 102a of the endless belt 102 is
After being clamped by the endless belt 05, the movable table 103 is retracted as shown in FIG.
Moves forward with respect to the movable base 103 at the same speed as the retreat speed of the movable base 103, so that the load M remains at the fixed position on the load receiving base 106a. on the other hand,
The upper side 102a of the endless belt 102 wraps around the lower side 102b from the front end side and retracts as the movable table 103 retreats, so that the load M is sequentially dropped on the load receiving table 106a from the front end side. .

In this series of unloading operations, the endless belt 102 is clamped and stationary, so that no impact force acts on the load M and the load M does not collapse.

[0008]

However, in the above-described loading device, the upper side portion 102 of the endless belt 102 is used to unload the load M from the movable table 103 onto the load receiving table 106a.
Since it is necessary to clamp a, it is necessary to provide a clamp mechanism 105 separately from the feed mechanism 104,
The configuration of the entire apparatus becomes complicated. At the rear end of the upper side 102a of the endless belt 102, it is necessary to operate the clamp mechanism 105 at the time of unloading. Not only is limited, but also the load of the load M is reduced accordingly.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problem, and can transfer a load onto a receiving table without causing collapse of the load, and can also avoid complication of the entire apparatus.
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a loading device which is not restricted by a loading operation on a movable base.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a loading device for sending and loading a load onto a load receiving table, wherein a base corresponding to the height of the load receiving table and a front end thereof are provided. A movable table that is reciprocally supported on the base so as to reach an upper back position, and a plurality of transport rollers provided in parallel with the movable table in a direction orthogonal to a transition direction of the movable table,
A reciprocating mechanism for reciprocating the movable table, a roller drive mechanism for rotating each transport roller in a load feeding direction at a peripheral speed corresponding to a transition speed of the movable table, and a roller drive when the movable table advances. And a control mechanism for stopping the mechanism and driving the mechanism when the vehicle retreats.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, at the front end of the movable table, a free roller is provided at a position slightly lower than the transport roller, and a guide plate is provided obliquely downward at the front side of the free roller. Have been.

[0012]

A plurality of loads are stacked on the transport roller of the movable table, and the movable table is advanced toward a load receiving table such as a transport vehicle by a reciprocating mechanism with the roller drive mechanism stopped. . Since the base corresponds to the height of the load receiving platform, the movable platform rides on the load receiving platform, and the front end reaches a deep position on the load receiving platform. Next, the movable table is retracted by the reciprocating mechanism and retracted from the load receiving table.At the same time, the control mechanism drives the roller driving mechanism to move the transport roller at a peripheral speed corresponding to the moving speed of the movable table. Rotate in the feeding direction. As a result, the load moves forward on the movable table, but remains at a fixed position with respect to the load table, and as the movable table retreats, the load is sequentially dropped on the load table from the front end side.

In the loading device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the load is sent from the front end of the movable table to the load receiving table and tilted by the retreating operation of the movable table and the rotation of the transport roller. Finally, the rear end of the load slides down the guide plate and is lowered onto the load receiving table.

[0014]

FIG. 1 shows a loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention in use, and FIG. 2 shows an appearance of the loading device. The loading device in the illustrated example is for loading a plurality of loads stacked on a pallet, for each pallet, into a loading tray 1a of a transport vehicle such as a container truck.
The present invention can be applied not only to transport vehicles, but also to equipment that loads the load M on a fixed load receiving table.

The loading device has a base 3 having a pair of left and right guide rails 2 and 2 set at the same height as the load receiving table 1a, and is supported on the left and right guide rails 2 and 2 so as to freely reciprocate. A plurality of movable tables 5, a plurality of transport rollers 6 disposed on each movable table 5, a pair of left and right reciprocating mechanisms 7 for reciprocating all movable tables 5, and transport rollers 6 in a loading direction ( A roller driving mechanism 8 for driving the movable table 5 in the same peripheral speed as the retreat speed in the direction indicated by the arrow a in the drawing), and a control mechanism 9 (shown in FIG. 9) for controlling driving and stopping of the roller driving mechanism 8. It has.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the base 3 includes left and right upper frames 11, 11 and lower frames 12, 12 extending in the front-rear direction, left and right upper frames 11, and left and right lower frames. The guide rails 2 are fixed to the upper frames 11 respectively. The left and right lower frames 12 are provided with a height adjusting member 14 for adjusting the height position of the guide rail 2 to the height of the loading table 1a of the transportation vehicle 1. The guide rails 2
2, the height adjustment may be performed.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, each movable base 5 is composed of a pair of left and right side frames 15, 15 and front and rear front and rear frames 16, 17 respectively. A plurality of transport rollers 6 are provided between the unit frames 15. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the transport rollers 6 are arranged in parallel in a direction orthogonal to the reciprocating directions a and b of the movable table 5.
The shafts at both ends are rotatably supported by the left and right side frames 15 such that the upper portion of the outer peripheral surface of the transport roller 6 projects from the upper surface of the side frames 15. In this embodiment, the plurality of movable bases 5 are connected in the front-rear direction via the joint portion 19, but may be configured with one movable base 5. Also, the last movable table 5 in this embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 5, various devices 70 such as a hydraulic pump
Is suspended and does not enter the load receiving table 1a, so that no load is loaded on the upper surface of the movable table 5.

Each movable table 5 is placed on guide rails 2 and 2 via support rollers 21 and 21 provided at both front and rear positions, and the front end of the movable table 5 at the time of forward movement is located on the back of the load receiving table 1a. Is supported so as to reciprocate freely. The support rollers 21 and 21 at the front position of each movable table 5 and the support rollers 21 and 21 at the rear position are rotatably supported on both ends of the support shaft 20, respectively. In order to support the movable table 5 more stably, the support rollers 2
You may increase the installation number of 1.

As shown in FIG. 4, the shafts at both ends of each of the transport rollers 6 protrude outside the side frame 15, and a transmission pulley 22 is mounted on the protruding end. As shown in FIG. 3, the transmission pulleys 22 on the left and right sides are connected to each other by a pair of endless belts 23 as shown in FIG.
The position is shifted by one piece. For example, the first transport roller 6
And the second transfer roller 6 are connected to one of the transmission pulleys 22 and 2.
Assuming that the second conveying roller 6 and the third conveying roller 6 are connected to each other by the endless belt 23 as a group, the second conveying roller 6 and the third conveying roller 6 are connected by the endless belt 23 as a group. Accordingly, all the transport rollers 6 are connected in series for each movable table 5. Each transmission pulley 22 includes a toothed pulley, and an endless belt 23.
, A toothed flat belt is used, thereby suppressing occurrence of slip between the transmission pulley 22 and the endless belt 23.

At the front end of the leading movable table 5, an unloading unit 4 for smoothly lowering the load M on the movable table 5 onto the load receiving table 1a.
Is formed. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, the unloading section 4 includes a plurality of free rollers 24 disposed at a position slightly lower than the transport roller 6 in parallel with the transport roller 6, And a guide plate 25 disposed below at a predetermined inclination angle α.
The lower end portion 5 is integrally formed with a bent portion 25a having an inclination angle β larger than the inclination angle α.

The guide plate 25 is fixed to the front frame 16 via a mounting member 27.
Fixing pieces 28 are respectively formed at both ends of the supporting member 7 to fix an end of a support shaft 24a that rotatably supports all the free rollers 24.

The joint 19 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in (1), connecting plates 29 are straddled between the side frames 15, 15 of the movable tables 5, 5 adjacent to each other in front and back, and brackets 30 are protruded outwardly on the outer surfaces of the connecting plates 29, respectively.
A roller holder 31 is pivotally supported at each end in a horizontal plane, and a pair of front and rear guide rollers 32, 32 are rotatably supported on the roller holder 31. Each of the joint portions 19 is provided with two free rollers 70.

As shown in FIG. 5, guide plates 34, 34 fixed to the base 3 via a support member 33 are provided on both left and right sides of the movable base 5 in parallel with the guide rail 2. When the movable table 5 oscillates or snakes during its reciprocating movement, the horizontal rollers 32, 32
The moving direction of the movable table 5 is corrected in the steps 4 and 34.

The reciprocating mechanism 7 is provided on each of the left and right sides of the base 3, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and is driven by a driving sprocket wheel 35 which rotates in a horizontal plane.
And the driving sprocket wheel 3 via the speed reduction mechanism 36
5, a pair of driven sprocket wheels 39, 39 supported by a holder 38 attached to the base 3 and rotating in a horizontal plane, and stretched along side frames 15 of the movable base 5, respectively. And a roller chain 40. Both ends of each roller chain 40 are connected and fixed to chain bolts 60 provided at the front end of the first movable base 5 and the rear end of the last movable base 5, respectively. The driven sprocket wheels 39, 39 are engaged with the driven sprocket wheels 35 from the inside and detoured outward, and are also engaged with the driving sprocket wheels 35 from the outside.

When the drive sprocket wheel 35 is rotated in the forward direction (the direction indicated by the arrow c in FIG. 3) by the motor 37, the roller chain 40 is driven in one direction. Move in the direction indicated by (forward)
I do. Sprocket wheel 35 driven by motor 37
Is rotated in the opposite direction (the direction indicated by arrow d in FIG. 3),
Since the roller chain 40 is driven in the opposite direction, the movable table 5 moves (retreats) in the direction shown by the arrow b in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 6, 8, and 9, a plate-shaped swinging plate 41 that constitutes the roller driving mechanism 8 together with the support roller 21 is provided at the position of each of the support rollers 21 described above. ing. Each rocking plate 41 is a side frame 1
5, one end 41 a is pivotally supported by a fixed shaft 42 provided between the left and right side frames 15, 15. The other end portions 41b of the left and right swing plates 41 are connected by a support shaft 43, and guide rollers 44 are rotatably disposed at positions inside the swing plate 41 of the support shaft 43, respectively. The intermediate portions of the left and right swing plates 41 are connected by a support shaft 20, and the support roller 21 is disposed at a position inside the swing plate 41 of the support shaft 20 so as to be freely rotatable.

Each support roller 21 is displaced in the vertical direction when the swing plate 41 swings about the fixed shaft 42. When the movable table 5 moves forward, the control mechanism 9 described later When the support roller 21 is displaced downward via the movable table 5, the control mechanism 9 displaces the support roller 21 upward via the rocking plate 41 when the movable roller 5 is retracted. Then, the outer peripheral surface of the support roller 21 comes into close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the transport roller 6 at a predetermined position. When each support roller 21 rolls on the guide rail 2 and rotates,
The transport roller 6 that is in close contact with the support roller 21 is rotated integrally by the frictional force, and the rotation is transmitted to another transport roller 6 via the endless belt 23.

The control mechanism 9 includes a wedge member 45 which is respectively engaged with and disengaged from the guide rollers 44 provided at respective positions at the front and rear ends, and a cylinder which reciprocates each wedge member 45 with respect to the swing plate 41. And a mechanism 46.

As shown in FIG. 8, the cylinder mechanism 46 includes forward and backward cylinders 47 and 48 for simultaneously operating the front and rear wedge members 45 and 45, respectively. Piston rod 47a of cylinder 47
The proximal end of the wedge member 45 at the rear position is connected to the distal end of the wedge member 45, and the proximal end of the wedge member 45 at the front position is connected to the distal end of the wedge member 45 via a connecting rod 49A. The front end of the wedge member 45 at the front position is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder 48 for backward movement via the connecting rod 49B. In the figure,
Reference numeral 50 denotes a guide roller for guiding the upper surface side of each wedge member 45, and a support shaft 5 protruding inside the side frame 15.
1 is freely rotatably supported.

As shown in FIG. 9, each wedge member 45 has a cylindrical portion 45a and a conical portion 45b formed integrally with the cylindrical portion 45a.
The guide roller 44
Is lowered to tilt the rocking plate 41, thereby moving the support roller 21 up and down. Rocking plate 41, wedge member 4
The wedge member 45 is capable of moving up and down the support roller 21 by engaging and disengaging with the guide roller 44 due to the reciprocating movement of the support roller 21. Needless to say, the shape is not limited to the shape of this embodiment.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. Loads M sent from the end of the production line are stacked on a pallet,
As shown in (1) of FIG. 12, the pallets are tied and arranged on the transport rollers 6 of the three movable tables 5 in front.

Next, with the roller drive mechanism 8 stopped, the movable table 5 is moved toward the transport vehicle 1. FIG.
Indicates a stopped state of the roller driving mechanism 8, in which the piston rod 47a of the forward movement cylinder 47 is extended, and the cylindrical portion 45a of the wedge member 45 is engaged with the guide roller 44 to press downward. As a result, the swing plate 41 is fixed to the fixed shaft 4.
The support roller 21 is displaced downward by tilting in the direction indicated by arrow e with 2 as a fulcrum. Since the support roller 21 is supported on the guide rail 2, the movable table 5 is displaced upward with respect to the guide rail 2, and as a result, the support roller 21 is separated from the transport roller 6 at a predetermined position. .
The swinging plate 41 has a fulcrum at one end 41a and another end 41b.
Since the force point is set at the middle and the action point is set at the middle, the lever can be easily tilted with a small pressing force by the leverage principle.

When the reciprocating mechanism 7 is operated, the movable table 5
As shown in FIG. 12 (2), the vehicle gets on the cargo receiving table 1a and moves forward. At the time of forward movement, each support roller 21
It rotates in the direction indicated by arrow g in FIG. The unloading section 4
When the vehicle reaches a predetermined depth position on the load receiving table 1a, the operation of the reciprocating mechanism 7 is stopped and the advance of the movable table 5 is stopped.

Next, while the roller drive mechanism 8 is driven, the load M on the movable table 5 is transferred onto the load receiving table 1a while the movable table 5 is retracted. FIG. 10 shows a driving state of the roller drive mechanism 8, in which the piston rod of the cylinder 48 for backward movement is extended, the piston rod 47a of the cylinder 47 for forward movement is contracted, and the cylindrical portion 45a of the wedge member 45 is a guide roller. Leave from 44. As a result, the guide roller 44 is released from the downward pressing force, and the swinging plate 41 tilts in the direction indicated by the arrow f with the fixed shaft 42 as a fulcrum to displace the support roller 21 upward. Since the support roller 21 is supported by the guide rail 2, the movable table 5 is displaced downward with respect to the guide rail 2. As a result, the outer peripheral surface of the support roller 21 Close contact with the outer peripheral surface.

When the reciprocating mechanism 7 is operated in the direction opposite to the forward movement, the movable table 5 retreats from the load receiving table 1a as shown in FIG. At the time of retreat, each support roller 21
Since the transport roller 6 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow h in FIG. 11, the transport roller 6 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow i in FIG. in this case,
The transport roller 6 rotates at the same peripheral speed as the moving speed of the movable table 5 in the loading direction. As a result, the load M moves forward on the movable base 5, but remains at a fixed position with respect to the load base 1 a, and as the movable base 5 retreats, is sequentially lowered onto the load base 1 a from the front end side. . In the unloading section 4, the load M is sent from the front end of the movable table 5 to the load receiving table 1 a and tilted by the retreating operation of the movable table 5 and the rotation of the transport roller 6, and then tilted, as shown in FIG. Finally, the rear end of the load M slides down the guide plate 25 and is lowered onto the load receiving table 1a.

As described above, while the movable table 5 is retracted, the transport roller 6 is rotated in the load feeding direction to transfer the load M to the load receiving table 1.
a, the load M can be automatically transferred to the load receiving table 1a without collapse of the load. According to this embodiment, when the movable table 5 is retracted, the transport roller 6 is rotated by the frictional force between the movable roller 5 and the support roller 21.
A drive source for rotating the transport roller 6 is unnecessary, but a dedicated drive source for rotationally driving the transport roller 6 may be mounted.

[0037]

According to the present invention, as described above, the transport roller is rotated in the loading direction at a peripheral speed corresponding to the moving speed of the movable table while the movable table is retracted. In addition to being able to stably transfer to the receiving table, there is no need to separately provide a conventional mechanism for clamping the endless belt or the like, and the configuration of the entire equipment is not complicated.

Further, since the clamp mechanism is not used, the entire upper surface of the movable base can be used widely, and there is no restriction on the loading operation on the movable base, and it is possible to prevent a reduction in the load amount of the load.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention in use.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the loading device of FIG. 1 with an intermediate portion omitted.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the loading device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a horizontal sectional view of a movable base.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view showing the unloading section.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a roller driving mechanism and a control mechanism.

FIG. 10 is a side view illustrating a driving state of a roller driving mechanism.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing a stopped state of the roller driving mechanism.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a loading operation.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state where a load is unloaded from a discharge unit.

FIG. 14 is a side view showing an outline of a conventional loading device in use.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing a loading operation by a conventional loading device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Transport vehicle 1a Load receiving table 3 Base 4 Unloading part 5 Movable table 6 Transport roller 7 Reciprocating mechanism 8 Roller drive mechanism 9 Control mechanism 24 Free roller 25 Guide plate

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A loading device for sending and loading a load onto a load receiving table, wherein a base corresponding to the height of the load receiving table and a front end reach a deep position on the load receiving table. A movable table supported reciprocally on the base, a plurality of transport rollers provided in parallel with the movable table in a direction orthogonal to a moving direction of the movable table, and a reciprocating movement for reciprocating the movable table A mechanism, a roller drive mechanism for rotating each transport roller in a load feeding direction at a peripheral speed corresponding to the transfer speed of the movable table, and a roller drive mechanism for stopping the forward movement of the movable table, and for driving the reverse movement of the movable table. A loading mechanism comprising: 2. A movable roller is disposed at a front end of the movable table at a position slightly lower than the transport roller, and a guide plate is disposed obliquely downwardly in front of the movable roller. A loading device according to claim 1.