JPH10189057A - Charging method for lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a passive state layer from being formed on a positive electrode plate and restrain a rise in the temperature of a battery for extending the service life thereof by establishing the preset stop time at every prescribed stage in a process from a charge start to a charge end in charging the lead-acid battery having a lead alloy grid substantially containing no antimony. SOLUTION: A lead-acid battery having a lead alloy grid formed to substantially contain no antimony is charged by use of, for example, constant current and constant voltage. In this case, a charge stop time equal to or longer than one minute is established at every stage, for example, at every time equal to or longer than one minute in a process from a charge start to a charge end. As a result, the temperature rise of the battery is restrained and the voltage of an electrode plate drops to a level near equilibrium voltage during the stop time. In addition, a time for exposing the battery to high potential is shortened, thereby preventing the formation of a passive state layer on the electrode plate, as well as a drop in capacity. According to this construction, the life cycle number of the battery is substantially increased, and the service life function thereof is remarkably improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for charging a lead storage battery using a lead alloy grid substantially free of antimony, and more particularly to a method for charging a battery used by alternately charging and discharging. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Lead-antimony alloys have been mainly used for electrode grids of lead-acid batteries. However, in a so-called maintenance-free type lead-acid battery which does not require maintenance such as water replenishment, the water of the electrolytic solution is not used. To prevent loss of
A lead alloy containing no antimony, such as a lead-calcium alloy, is used.

[0003]

However, in such a battery using a lead alloy containing no antimony, when deep charge and discharge are repeated, a passivation layer is formed at the interface between the grid of the positive electrode plate and the active material during discharge. Is formed, and there is a problem that the capacity is reduced at an early stage.

The present inventor has conducted intensive studies on a method for preventing the formation of a passive layer at the interface of the positive electrode lattice containing no antimony. As a result, it was found that the formation of the passive layer at the lattice interface depending on the charging conditions of the battery. It was found that the change greatly changed, and further, the shorter the time the positive electrode plate was kept at a high potential, the more difficult it was to form a passivation layer, and that the life performance of the battery was significantly improved. In order to shorten the time of being kept at a high potential during charging, it is necessary to perform charging with a large current in a short time, but when charging a large capacity battery with a large current, the temperature rise of the battery becomes large. Another problem arises.

[0005]

A method for charging a lead storage battery according to the present invention is a method for charging a lead storage battery using a lead alloy grid which does not substantially contain antimony. A pause time is provided for each predetermined time, and the pause time is one minute or more.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The method for charging a lead-acid battery according to the present invention is characterized in that a lead-acid battery using a lead alloy grid substantially free of antimony is charged every predetermined time from the start of charging to the end of charging. For at least one minute. By doing so, the formation of a passive state can be prevented, and the temperature rise of the battery can be suppressed to improve the life of the battery.

When a large capacity battery is charged with a large current,
Although the temperature rise of the battery is large, if a pause time is provided during charging, heat is released during the pause, so that the temperature rise can be suppressed. On the other hand, the voltage of the battery during resting gradually approaches the equilibrium voltage from the voltage at the time of charging, but if the resting time is short, such as pulse charging, the next charging is performed while the voltage is still high. From the start to the end of the charging, the high voltage is maintained for a long time even during the pause, and the passive layer is easily formed.

As a result of a detailed investigation of the relationship between the pause time and the easiness of formation of the passive layer, the present inventor has found that if the pause time is 1 minute or more, the voltage during the pause can be reduced to near the equilibrium voltage. The present inventors have found that it is difficult to form a passivation layer, and have reached the present invention.

By using the charging method according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the formation of a passive layer and suppress a rise in the temperature of the battery, and it is possible to significantly improve the life performance of the battery. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples.

[0010]

【Example】

(Example 1) A positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate each of which is filled with an active material in a lead-0.1% calcium-1% tin alloy lattice are alternately laminated with a fine glass fiber separator therebetween to form an electrode plate group. Absorb and retain 1.32 sulfuric acid, 12V-150
A sealed lead-acid battery of Ah was produced.

Using this battery, a charge / discharge cycle life test was conducted at room temperature (25 ° C.) under various charging conditions. Discharge is up to 9.9 V at 50 A, and charge is 150 A (1
C) A pause time of a constant current-constant voltage method of -14.7 V. a. No pause, b. Pause 100 ms every 100 ms charge, c. Pause for 1 second every 1 second charge, d. 1 per minute charge
Minute pause, e. 5 minutes pause every 5 minutes charge, f. Each 10-minute charge was suspended for 10 minutes, and the discharge was performed up to 110% of the discharge amount.

Table 1 shows the number of cycles until the capacity is reduced to 80% of the initial value, the time from the start to the end of charging, and the temperature rise value of the battery during charging.

[0013]

[Table 1] In the case of non-pause (a), the passivation layer is hardly formed because the charging time is short and therefore the time of being placed at a high potential is short, but the temperature rise of the battery is large and the life performance is reduced. In the case of the charging methods b and c, although the temperature rise is small, the pause time is short, so that the passivation layer is continuously formed at the high voltage during the pause, and the life performance is rather deteriorated.

On the other hand, the charging method (d, e,
In the case of charging in f), since the temperature rise of the battery is small and the voltage during suspension also drops to near the equilibrium voltage, the time for which the battery is kept at a high potential is short, and it can be seen that good life performance can be obtained.

(Embodiment 2) As in Embodiment 1, 12V-1
A 50 Ah sealed lead-acid battery was manufactured, and a charge / discharge cycle life test was performed at room temperature (25 ° C.) under various charging conditions. Discharge is up to 9.9V at 50A and charge is 75A
(0.5C) A constant current-constant voltage method of -14.7 V and a pause time a. No pause, b. 100 per 300 ms charge
Millisecond pause, c. Pause for 1 second every 3 seconds of charging, d. 1 minute pause every 3 minutes charge, e. 5 minutes pause every 15 minutes charge, f. 30
Each minute charge was suspended for 10 minutes, and the discharge was performed to 110% of the discharge amount.

Table 2 shows the number of cycles until the capacity is reduced to 80% of the initial value, the time from the start to the end of charging, and the temperature rise of the battery during charging.

[0017]

[Table 2] As in the case of the first embodiment, in the case of the non-pause (a), the charging time is short, and hence the time of being kept at a high potential is short, so that the passive layer is difficult to be formed. Performance decreases. In the case of the charging methods b and c, although the temperature rise is small, the pause time is short, so that the passivation layer is continuously formed at the high voltage during the pause, and the life performance is rather deteriorated.

On the other hand, the charging method (d, e,
In the case of charging in f), since the temperature rise of the battery is small and the voltage during suspension also drops to near the equilibrium voltage, the time for which the battery is kept at a high potential is short, and it can be seen that good life performance can be obtained.

In addition, in addition to the above-described embodiment, there may be cases where charging is performed under various charging conditions.
The ratio between the charging time and the pause time of one minute or more may be appropriately adjusted so that the temperature rise of the battery does not increase in accordance with the magnitude of the battery or the charging current.

In the embodiment, a constant current-
The constant voltage method was used, but the constant current-constant voltage-constant current method,
Even when other charging methods such as a stepwise constant current method and a quasi-constant voltage method are used, the same effect can be obtained if charging is performed by the charging method according to the present invention.

[0021]

By using the charging method according to the present invention, the life performance of a battery using a lead alloy lattice containing no antimony can be remarkably improved, and its industrial value is very large.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for charging a lead storage battery using a lead alloy grid substantially free of antimony, wherein a pause is provided at predetermined intervals from the start of charging to the end of charging.
A method of charging a lead storage battery, wherein the pause time is 1 minute or more.