JPH10175229A - Vacuum laminating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce deterioration of a pressurized film by decreasing a deformation without direct relation to pressurization to a molding material of the film. SOLUTION: A lower surface of an elastic film 17 is set to be slightly recessed from a lower surface of an upper plate 1 of its circumference. An opening of a gap F formed over an entire circumference between a sidewall face 10a of the recess of the plate 1 and an upper surface plate 12 is disposed at an outside from an inner peripheral edge of a frame 4. And, a packing material 40 having elasticity and flexibility is provided to protrude from the inner edge of the frame 4. A pressurized film 3 is smoothly bent by a deformation of the material 40 protruded from the edge of the frame 4 without disturbing suction in a molding space by a pressure reducing means. Thus, a deformation without direct relation to the pressurizing of a molding material H of the film 4 can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vacuum laminating apparatus for laminating molding materials by heating and pressing them in a vacuum atmosphere.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when a printed wiring board is manufactured, a substrate made of a thermosetting resin such as a phenol resin or an epoxy resin or a flexible base film made of a thermoplastic resin such as a polyimide is used. There is a step of forming a circuit board by laminating a patterned or etched copper foil in a later step (hereinafter, the former is simply called a laminated board and the latter is called a flexible laminated board). In the case of molding the laminated substrate, a substrate made of a thermosetting resin and a copper foil are heated and pressurized in a vacuum atmosphere, and the substrate is plasticized by a chemical reaction of the thermosetting resin and adhered and laminated with the copper foil. Then, the substrate to which the copper foil is adhered is further cured by a chemical reaction. In the case of molding the flexible laminated substrate, a base film and a copper foil made of a thermoplastic resin are heated and pressed under a vacuum atmosphere, and the base film is adhered and laminated with the copper foil by plasticizing the thermoplastic resin. .

In order to protect the laminated copper foil from etching, plating, soldering, etc., a film-like photoresist forming layer composed of a support film and a photosensitive layer is provided on these laminated substrates and flexible laminated substrates. There is a step of thermocompression bonding to the surface of the substrate. The photoresist forming layer has tackiness when heated, and is pressed and laminated on the surface of the circuit board.

By the way, air bubbles such as volatile components of a molding material and the like are present between a laminated substrate or a flexible laminated substrate and a copper foil, and between a circuit board on which these are laminated and a film-like photoresist forming layer. Residues tend to generate voids. The generated voids may expand during a high-temperature treatment in a post-process, such as a molten solder bath, and may damage the laminated copper foil or the film-like photoresist forming layer. There is a risk of causing poor conductivity.

[0005] Therefore, in the case of laminating various molding materials by heating and pressing, it has been conventionally performed to laminate the molding materials in a vacuum atmosphere so as not to generate voids between the molding materials. I have.

A conventional vacuum laminating apparatus for laminating a plurality of plate, sheet or film materials is disclosed in JP-A-63-295218 and JP-A-63-299895. As described above, a cylindrical rubber is provided in a heating container, or a rubber sheet is stretched inside a vacuum chamber that can be opened and closed, and a vacuum pump is connected within the cylindrical rubber or between the rubber sheets. It has been known. In these vacuum laminating apparatuses, a molding material is arranged in a cylindrical rubber or between rubber sheets to form a molding space by sealing the cylindrical rubber or rubber sheet, and the inside of the molding space is evacuated. Accordingly, the cylindrical rubber or rubber sheet presses the molding material.

Further, as a conventional vacuum lamination method, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-13341, a photoresist forming layer adhered to a film support is brought into contact with the surface of a circuit board, and The absolute pressure between the surface and the photoresist-forming layer and the absolute pressure on the film support is 1
It is known that the pressure is reduced to below the atmospheric pressure, the photoresist forming layer is pressed onto the surface of the circuit board by pressing the film support acting as a pressure transmitting layer, the photoresist forming layer is heated and softened, and laminated. I have. In the apparatus used in this vacuum lamination method, it is described that a plurality of holes are formed in each platen and an insulating spacer to distribute the air pressure or the vacuum throughout each chamber.

[0008]

However, among the above-mentioned prior arts, those disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. Sho 63-295218 and 63-299895 have been disclosed in the prior art. Is only connected to a single cylindrical rubber or rubber sheet,
There was a possibility that the molding space containing the molding material could only be partially evacuated. That is, in these vacuum laminating apparatuses, it is not considered that a vacuum atmosphere is formed over the entire surface between the molding materials, and the periphery of the cylindrical rubber or the rubber sheet that is not evacuated adheres tightly, There is a problem that air bubbles and the like at portions of the rubber or rubber sheet that are partially floating from the molding material remain without being evacuated, thereby causing voids. In addition, there is a problem that the molding material is not partially pressed. Further, in such a case, since an unnecessary bent portion is formed at a part floating from the molding material of the cylindrical rubber or the rubber sheet, the deterioration of the cylindrical rubber or the rubber sheet is deteriorated. There was a problem of being promoted.

[0009] Of the above conventional techniques, Japanese Patent Publication No.
In the apparatus used in the vacuum lamination method disclosed in JP-A-134341, since a plurality of holes are formed over the entire surface of the upper and lower platens, an area between the surface of the circuit board and the photoresist forming layer is formed. And when the absolute pressure on the film support is reduced to 1 atm or less, the film support acting as a pressure transmitting layer enters the holes of the upper and lower platens, causing wrinkles or breakage, and causing the photoresist forming layer to There has been a problem that wrinkles cannot be transferred or function as a pressure transmission layer.

[0010] In the case of laminating a thermosetting resin as a molding material such as the above-mentioned laminated substrate, the thermosetting resin is not pressurized by heat conduction or radiant heat in the chamber. However, there has been a problem that a curing reaction proceeds and poor adhesion to a molding material such as a copper foil occurs. Also,
Even after the lamination is completed, the heat at the time of heating remains in the molding material,
There is a problem that wrinkles are generated due to uneven heat shrinkage due to a temperature drop of the molding material, and molding efficiency is deteriorated.

On the other hand, in the case of laminating a thermoplastic resin like the above-mentioned flexible laminated substrate, plasticization of a molding material proceeds too much before being pressed by heat conduction or radiant heat in a chamber, and wrinkles are generated. There is a problem that the accuracy of alignment and the like is reduced. Also, in the case where the film-like photoresist forming layer is thermocompression-bonded to the surface of the circuit board, wrinkling occurs due to excessive softening of the film-like photoresist forming layer, as in the case of laminating a thermoplastic resin. And a problem such as a decrease in the accuracy of alignment occurs. Such a problem deteriorates the yield of the molded product.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and a suction action is applied to the entire molding space so as not to generate voids around a molding material to be laminated and molded by heating and pressing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vacuum laminating apparatus capable of exerting a uniform force over the vacuum laminating apparatus. Further, the present invention also provides a vacuum laminating apparatus capable of reducing deformation not directly related to pressurization of a pressurized film body against a molding material, thereby reducing deterioration of the pressurized film body for pressurizing the molded material. The purpose is to provide.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum laminating apparatus which can be adapted to laminates having different thicknesses. Furthermore, according to the present invention, a plurality of plate-like, sheet-like or film-like molding materials can be appropriately laminated according to the temperature conditions of the molding material, and the laminated product can be reliably laminated without forming wrinkles. An object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum laminating apparatus and a vacuum laminating method capable of forming and improving a yield. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum laminating apparatus capable of easily exchanging the pressurized film body and the pressurized film body fixing frame when the pressurized film body is deteriorated.

[0014]

The invention according to claim 1 is
In order to achieve the above object, an upper plate and a lower plate provided so as to be able to approach and retreat in opposition to each other, and a pressurized film body provided on one of the opposing surfaces of the upper plate and the lower plate, When the upper plate and / or the lower plate are close to each other, a frame body that forms a molding space in which a molding material is accommodated by being sandwiched between the other opposing surface and the pressurized film body, Heating means for heating the molding material, decompression means for evacuating the molding space, and a pressurized film body for operating the pressurized film body to pressurize the molding material accommodated in the molding space at an arbitrary timing. With operating means, the decompression means for decompression in the molding space, on the other opposing surface of the upper plate or the lower plate with which the frame body abuts when forming the molding space, Provided to open over the entire circumference along the inner peripheral edge of the frame,
A flexible member is provided so as to protrude inward from the opening of the pressure reducing means so as to be interposed between the opening of the suction means and the pressurized film body.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, in the first aspect of the present invention, the pressure reducing means is provided so as to open outside an inner peripheral edge of the frame, and On the other opposing surface of the upper plate or the lower plate, a portion inside the opening of the decompression means is formed so as to be recessed from a portion where the frame body contacts. It is.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the height of the molding space is adjustable.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, in the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for cooling a laminated molded material by being heated and pressed. A cooling device is provided.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the peripheral edge of the pressurized film body is formed on one of the upper plate and the lower plate. It is characterized in that it is fixed to a pressurized film body fixing frame detachable from the opposing surface.

In the vacuum laminating apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, with the upper plate and the lower plate separated from each other, the pressurized film body and one of the upper plate and the lower plate are opposed to each other. The molding material is inserted, the upper plate and the lower plate are brought close to each other, and the frame is sandwiched therebetween to form a molding space. The inside of the molding space is evacuated by the pressure reducing means in a state where the volume of the molding space is not reduced so that the pressure film body does not press the molding material by the pressure film body operating means. By providing the depressurizing means so as to be open over the entire periphery along the inner peripheral edge of the frame, the evacuation is uniformly spread from the periphery of the molding space to the entire surface. Next, while maintaining the reduced pressure in the molding space, the pressure film body is operated by the pressure film body operation means so as to press the molding material. At this time, since the flexible member is provided so as to protrude inward from the opening of the decompression means, the protruding portion of the flexible member is interposed between the opening of the decompression means and the pressurizing film body. Therefore, the flexible member bends so as to bend due to the deformation of the pressurized film body, and gently deforms the pressurized film body. Therefore, deformation that is not directly related to the pressure applied to the molding material is reduced. The molding material is heated by the heating means at the same time as being pressed by the pressure film, and is laminated.

In the vacuum laminating apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention, the inside of the molding space is evacuated by the pressure reducing means opened outside the inner peripheral edge of the frame, and the pressure film is operated by the pressure film operating means. When operating to press the molding material, a portion inside the opening of the decompression means on the other opposing surface of the upper plate or the lower plate is formed so as to be recessed from a portion where the frame body abuts. Therefore, the pressurized membrane does not prevent the suction by the decompression means.

In the vacuum laminating apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, the frame and the packing member sandwiched between the upper plate or the lower plate and the pressurized film body are replaced by ones having different thicknesses. The height of the molding space can be adjusted according to the thickness of the molding material, and lamination molding is performed according to laminated products having different thicknesses.

In the vacuum laminating apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, the laminated product, which has been laminated by heating and pressing the molded material,
Cool with cooling means. The laminated product is uniformly cooled and heat shrinks, and since the radiant heat by the heating means in the molding space is eliminated, the molded material is not heated before pressurization, so it is stable without forming wrinkles. Thus, lamination molding of a molding material can be performed.

In the vacuum laminating apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the pressurized film body fixing frame to which the peripheral edge of the pressurized film body is fixed is removably attached to one of the opposing surfaces of the upper plate and the lower plate. . When replacing the pressurized membrane, such as selecting the appropriate pressurized membrane for the molding material or when the pressurized membrane has deteriorated due to use, or replacing the pressurized membrane fixed frame with one with a different thickness At this time, the pressurized membrane fixing frame is detached from either the upper plate or the lower plate, and another pressurized membrane fixing frame is attached.

[0024]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of a vacuum laminating apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or corresponding parts.

As shown in FIG. 1, the vacuum laminating apparatus according to the present invention comprises an upper plate 1 and a lower plate 2 which are provided so as to be able to approach and retreat from each other. When the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2 are close to each other, the pressing film 3 provided on one of the opposing surfaces is sandwiched between the other pressing surface and the pressing film 3. The frame 4 forms a molding space S in which the molding material H is accommodated by heating, a heating means (described later) for heating the molding material H, and a decompression means (described later) for evacuating the molding space S. Pressurized film body operating means (described later) for operating the pressurized film body to pressurize the molding material H accommodated in the molding space S at an arbitrary timing.
And In this embodiment, the upper plate 1 is fixed, the lower plate 2 is supported by elevating means (not shown), and the lower plate 2 is configured to move close to and away from the upper plate 1. I have. Further, the pressurized film body 3 is provided on the upper surface of the lower plate 2, and the pressure reducing means is provided so as to open to the lower surface of the upper plate 1.

The upper plate 1 is made of a substantially rectangular flat plate, and a lower surface thereof is formed with a concave portion 10 having an area slightly larger than the inner peripheral opening of the frame 4. In addition, a passage 11 to which a pipe (not shown) of a vacuum pump as a decompression means is connected is formed at a substantially center of the upper plate 1 so as to penetrate into the recess 10. The upper surface plate 12 is provided in the concave portion 10 so as to have a gap F (see FIG. 3) over the entire circumference between the concave portion 10 and the side wall surface 10a. A heat insulating material 13 is interposed between the upper plate 1 and the upper stool 12. A plurality of grooves 14 are formed in a lattice shape on the surface in contact with the upper plate 1 of the heat insulating material 13 so as to open all over the side surface of the heat insulating material 13 and communicate with the passage 11. I have. In this embodiment, the example in which the grooves 14 are formed in the heat insulating material 13 in a lattice shape has been described. However, for example, the grooves are formed in a lattice shape on the surface of the upper plate 1 in contact with the heat insulating material 13. Side wall surface 10 of concave portion 10
The present invention is not limited to this embodiment as long as it can communicate with the passage 11 to which the suction means is connected so as to open along the gap F between the a and the upper surface plate 12. .

The upper plate 1 is provided with a sheet-like heater 15 as a heating means for heating the molding material H, which generates heat by energization, over the entire lower surface of the upper platen 12. A smooth upper heating plate 16 is provided on the lower surface of the sheet heater 15. Further, the upper plate 1 is connected to a control device (not shown), and supplies a current to the sheet heater 15 and a terminal 18 of a sensor for feeding back the heating temperature.
Is provided. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, when the surface of the molding material H is not flat, etc., the molding material H
An elastic film 17 made of a sheet-like rubber or the like is fixed to the lower surface of the upper heating plate 16 by baking or the like in order to improve the embedding property in the heat plate 16. Further, depending on the molded product H to be laminated, the elastic film 17 shown in FIG. 3 may not be provided, and a permeable member such as a wire mesh may be provided on the lower surface of the sheet heater instead of the upper heating plate 16 (see FIG. 3). Illustration is omitted). In any case, the lower surface of the upper heating plate 16, the elastic film 17, or the permeable member is located slightly higher than the lower surface of the upper plate 1, that is, these lower surfaces are slightly higher than the lower surface of the surrounding upper plate 1. It is set to be recessed.

The lower plate 2 is formed of a substantially rectangular flat plate like the upper plate 1 and has a concave portion on its upper surface so as to have an area slightly smaller than the inner peripheral opening of the frame 4. 20 are formed. In addition, a passage 21 to which a pressurized film body operating means for operating the pressurized film body to pressurize the molding material at an arbitrary timing is connected to the substantially center of the lower plate 2 so as to penetrate into the recess 20. Has been drilled. A lower surface plate 22 is provided in the recess 20 of the lower plate 2 so as to have a gap G (see FIG. 3) over the entire circumference with the side wall surface 20 a of the recess 20. A heat insulating material 23 is interposed between the lower plate 2 and the lower stool 22. On the surface in contact with the lower plate 2 of the heat insulating material 23,
In order to open to the peripheral side surface of the heat insulating material 23,
A plurality of grooves 24 are formed in a lattice shape so as to communicate with. In this embodiment, the example in which the grooves 24 are formed in a lattice shape in the heat insulating material 23 has been described.
For example, a groove is formed in a lattice shape on the surface in contact with the heat insulating material 23 so as to open along the gap G between the side wall surface 20a of the recess 20 of the lower plate 2 and the lower platen 22. If it can communicate with the passage 21 to which the means is connected,
It is not limited to this embodiment.

Further, similarly to the upper plate 1, the lower plate 2 is provided with a sheet heater 25 as a heating means for heating the molding material H.
, And a smooth lower heating plate 26 is provided on the upper surface of the sheet-like heater 25. The lower plate 2 is connected to a controller (not shown), and is provided with a sensor terminal 28 for supplying current to the sheet heater 25 and feeding back the heating temperature. Furthermore,
As shown in FIG. 3, on the upper surface of the lower heating plate 26, a gas-permeable member 27 such as punched metal is provided. The upper surface of the gas permeable member 27 is set to be located at approximately the same height as the upper surface of the lower plate 1 or slightly higher than the upper surface of the lower plate 1 so as to slightly protrude from the upper surface thereof. The sheet-like heater 25, the lower heating plate 26, and the air-permeable member 27 are formed in a size to be accommodated in a pressure film fixing frame 35 described later. The sheet heater 25 and the lower heating plate 26 have a gap G
25 through which the air-permeable member 27 and the air-permeable member 27 can communicate with each other.
a and 26a are formed respectively.

A cooling medium such as cooling water is circulated in the upper platen 12 and the lower platen 22 as cooling means for cooling the laminated products by heating and pressing the molding material H. Each of the flow paths 30 is formed. As shown in FIG. 1, a pipe 31 is connected to the flow path 30 in a watertight manner for supplying or discharging a cooling medium.

The heating means is not limited to the sheet heaters 15 and 25, and is configured to switchably and circulate a cooling medium and a heating medium such as steam or heating water through the flow path 30 in a controllable manner. Alternatively, a flow path for flowing the heating medium may be formed separately from the flow path 30 for flowing the cooling medium in the upper surface plate 12 and / or the lower surface plate 22. Further, bar heaters may be provided in the upper stool 12 and the lower stool 22 instead of the sheet heaters 15 and 25. In this case, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, an upper heating plate 16 is provided on the lower surface of the upper stool 12, and a permeable member 27 is provided on an upper surface of the lower stool 22.

The pressurized membrane operating means connected to the passage 21 is provided with a vacuum pump and a pressurized fluid source such as an air compressor (not shown). The vacuum pump sucks the pressurized film body 3 to the air-permeable member 27 so that the pressurized film body 3 does not swell when the molding space S is depressurized and does not inadvertently press the molding material H. Let it. The pressurized fluid source inflates the pressurized film body 3 so as to press the molding material H at a predetermined pressure. Then, the pressurized film body operating means presses the pressurized film body 3 into close contact with the air permeable member 27 or inflates the pressurized material H, and stops the pressurization after the lamination molding is completed. Opening to the atmosphere to return the pressure film body 3 to the original state can be switched at an arbitrary timing.

The pressure film body 3 is made of, for example, silicon rubber or fluorine rubber having elasticity, elasticity, flexibility, and heat resistance. The peripheral edge is fixed to one surface of the pressurized film fixing frame 35 by baking or the like so as to be airtightly covered. However, from the inner peripheral edge of the pressurized film body fixing frame 35 to the portion corresponding to the inner peripheral edge of the frame body 4 of the pressurized film body 3, the pressurizing of the molding material H described later is not hindered. It is not fixed to the pressurized film body fixing frame 35. A packing member 36 is provided on the opposite surface of the pressing film fixing frame 35 to which the pressing film 3 is fixed. The pressurized film body fixing frame 35 has a thickness different from that of the pressurized film body fixed frame 35 itself according to the molding material H to be subjected to lamination molding.
Alternatively, a plurality of types are prepared, such as a type in which the pressure film bodies 3 having different thicknesses, materials, and hardness are fixed, or a type in which packing members 36 having different thicknesses are provided.

The frame 4 is provided with packing members 40 and 41 having elasticity and flexibility on both surfaces along the inner peripheral edge. A plurality of types of the frame body 4 are prepared so as to have a predetermined thickness, such as one having a different thickness of the frame body 4 itself and one having different thicknesses of the packing members 40 and 41 provided. In addition, the packing member 41 is
Instead of being provided on the frame 4, it may be provided on the pressurized film body 3 fixed to the pressurized film body fixing frame 35.

The frame 4 is fixed to the upper surface of the lower plate 2 with the pressurized film fixing frame 35 interposed between the lower plate 2 and the lower plate 2 by screws 42.
It is detachably fixed to. The screw 42 is removed, and the pressurized membrane fixing frame 35 and / or the frame 4 are replaced with packing members 36 having different thicknesses or different thicknesses.
The height of the molding space S can be adjusted by replacing the molding space S with the one provided with 40 and 41. Screw 4
2 is only required to be able to fix the frame 4 and the pressure film fixing frame 35 so as not to be displaced in the horizontal direction (left-right direction in the figure). It is not necessary to clamp to the plate 2. The reason is that the frame 4 and the pressurized film fixing frame 35 are sandwiched between the lower plate 2 and the upper plate 1 by bringing the lower plate 2 close to the upper plate 1.

In the case of this embodiment, the inner periphery of the frame 4
It is set so as to be smaller than the peripheral edge of the upper stool 12 provided so as to have a gap F between the upper plate 1 and the concave portion 10. Thereby, the opening of the gap F formed over the entire circumference between the concave portion 10 of the upper plate 1 and the upper surface plate 12 is arranged along the frame 4 outside the inner peripheral edge thereof. . When the lower plate 2 of the frame 4 is brought close to the upper plate 1 to form the molding space S, the packing member 40 abutting on the upper plate 1 is formed as a flexible member from the inner peripheral edge of the frame 4. It is provided so as to protrude. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 3, a distance L is formed between the side wall surface 10a of the concave portion 10 of the upper plate 1 and the tip protruding from the inner peripheral edge of the frame 4 of the packing member 40.

It is to be noted that the molding material H may be formed into a plurality of plate-like or continuous sheet-like sheets, for example, when a film-like photoresist forming layer comprising a support film and a photosensitive layer is laminated on a laminated substrate or a flexible laminated substrate. Alternatively, a film made of a film-like material, and a film made of a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin, or the film-like material and a base material, such as a wood plate, a metal plate, an organic material, an inorganic material, or a sheet made of a composite material attached. They may be combined. In addition, the lamination of the film-like materials may be the same or different and may be performed in two or more layers, and the lamination of the film-like material on the substrate may be performed on only one side of the substrate or on both sides. It may be performed.

Next, the operation of the vacuum laminating apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above will be described mainly with reference to FIGS.

First, the lower plate 2 is in a state of being far away from the upper plate 1. The molding material H is supported by a continuous film (not shown) and is close to and separated from each other;
Alternatively, it is carried in a contact state, and is carried and placed on the pressurized film body 3 (FIG. 3). At this time, the frame 4 and the pressure film fixing frame 35 having a predetermined thickness are selected so that a molding space S having a height corresponding to the molding material H to be laminated and formed can be formed. Both are attached to the lower plate 2. If the plurality of molding materials H are not superimposed on each other, the plurality of molding materials may be carried into the molding space S as needed. In the case where a plurality of molding materials are inserted on the pressurized film body, it is not limited to the molding material H for laminating and molding the same laminated product, but may be used for laminating different types of laminated products. The molding material H can be inserted. Thereafter, when the lower plate 2 is moved closer to the upper plate 1, the frame 4 is moved between the upper plate 2 and the lower plate 2 as shown in FIG.
The pressurized film body 3 fixed to the pressurized film body fixing frame 35 is sandwiched, and a closed molding space S containing the molding material H is formed.

Next, as shown by an arrow a in FIG. 4, the pressurized membrane operating means connected to the passage 21 is switched to suction by a vacuum pump, and the air permeable member 27 and the side wall surface 20a of the recess 20 of the lower plate 2 are switched. G between heat sink and lower platen 22, heat insulating material 23
Air is sucked through each groove 24 (FIG. 2) formed in a lattice shape and opening to the gap G, and the passage 21 (FIG. 1). Since the gas permeable member 27 is interposed, the pressurized film body 3 is sucked so that the whole of the pressure film body 3 is uniformly adhered to the gas permeable member 27. The suction and adhesion of the pressure film body 3 may be performed simultaneously with or before the lower plate 2 is moved closer to the upper plate 1 to form the molding space S.

Subsequently, as shown by an arrow b in FIG. 4, the pressure in the molding space S is reduced by the pressure reducing means connected to the passage 11. The air in the molding space S is formed in a lattice shape so as to open into the gap F via a gap F over the entire circumference between the side wall surface 10a of the concave portion 10 of the upper plate 1 and the upper surface plate 12. Through the respective grooves 14 (FIG. 2) and the passages 11 (FIG. 1), the liquid is uniformly sucked from the periphery of the molding space S to the vacuum pump.
At this time, since the pressurized film body 3 is in close contact with the air permeable member 27 of the lower plate 2 so as not to be separated therefrom, the volume of the molding space S does not decrease, and therefore the molding material H is pressed. There is no. The decompression in the molding space S is continued until the lamination molding is completed and immediately before the lower plate 2 is moved away from the upper plate 1.

When the pressure in the molding space S has been sufficiently reduced, FIG.
As shown by an arrow c, the pressurized membrane operating means connected to the passage 21 is switched to supply of a pressurized fluid such as compressed air by a pressurized fluid supply source such as an air compressor. The pressurized fluid adjusted to the predetermined pressure is passed through the passage 21 through the heat insulating material 23.
Grooves 24, lower plate 2 formed in a lattice pattern
G between the side wall surface 20a of the concave portion 20 and the lower platen 22
Thus, the pressure is applied evenly from the gas permeable member 27 to the entire pressure film body 3 to expand the pressure film body 3 and press the molding material H. At this time, the inside of the molding space S is heated to a predetermined temperature by heating means such as the sheet heater 25 of the lower plate 2, and the upper heating plate 12 and the elastic film 17 are heated by heating means such as the sheet heater 15 of the upper plate 1. Since the air-permeable member is heated to a predetermined temperature (in the case shown in FIG. 3), the molding material H is heated and laminated simultaneously with the pressurization.

If the gap F serving as the opening of the pressure reducing means is aligned with the inner peripheral edge of the frame 4 or is located inside the inner peripheral edge of the frame 4 when the molding material H is pressurized, ,
Due to the suction force of the pressure reducing means and the supply pressure of the pressurized fluid from the pressurized fluid source of the pressurized film body operating means, as shown in FIG.
The pressurized film body 3 enters the gap F in a bent state. Thereby, the pressurized film body 3 prevents the pressure reduction in the molding space by the decompression means, and also causes deformation which is not directly related to the pressurization of the molding material H, thereby promoting deterioration.

However, according to the present invention, the upper hot plate 16,
The lower surface of the elastic film 17 (in the case of FIG. 3) or the permeable member is set so as to be slightly recessed from the lower surface of the surrounding upper plate 1, and the opening of the gap F is located outside the inner peripheral edge of the frame 4. And the packing member 40 having elasticity and flexibility is provided so as to protrude from the inner peripheral edge of the frame 4, so that the pressurized film body 3 is pressed by the decompression means as shown in FIG. 5. Without obstructing the suction, the packing member 40 protruding from the inner peripheral edge of the frame 4 is gently bent by the deformation, and the deformation of the pressure film body 4 not directly related to the pressing of the molding material H is reduced, thereby deteriorating. Can be reduced.

As shown in FIG. 2, when a smooth upper heating plate 16 is provided on the lower surface of the sheet heater 15, the molding material H is pressed against the upper heating plate 16 by the pressurized film body 3. A laminate having a smooth surface can be formed. Also, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, when the elastic film 17 is provided on the lower surface of the upper heating plate 16, even if the molding material H has an uneven surface, the molding material H is formed by the pressurized film body 3. Is pressed against the elastic film 17, so that lamination molding with good embedding properties can be performed. Further, when the elastic film 17 shown in FIG. 3 is not provided, and a gas permeable member such as a wire mesh is provided on the lower surface of the sheet heater 15 instead of the upper heating plate 16, volatile components and the like are removed from the molding material H. Even when gas is generated, the generated gas is sucked by the decompression means via the air-permeable member against which the entire molding material H is pressed.

Further, when the setting of the pressurizing pressure to the molding material H is low, the pressurized fluid is not supplied from the pressurized fluid source of the pressurized film body operating means, and only the suction force of the depressurizing means is used. By reducing the volume of the molding space S, the pressing film body 3 can exert a pressing action on the molding material H.

When the molding material H has been heated for a predetermined period of time, the heating by the heating means such as the sheet heaters 15 and 25 is stopped while maintaining the pressurization by the pressurizing film body 3.
The laminate is cooled by circulating and supplying a cooling medium adjusted to a predetermined temperature to the flow path 30. The laminate is in a stable state without uniform temperature drop and heat shrinkage to form wrinkles.

When the cooling of the laminated product is completed, the supply of the pressurized fluid from the pressurized fluid source of the pressurized film body operating means is stopped, and the pressure reduction in the molding space S by the pressure reducing means is stopped. The pressurization by the pressurizing film body 3 is stopped in communication with the atmosphere. At this time, the flow path 3 formed in the lower platen 22 of the lower plate 2
Since the cooling medium adjusted to the predetermined temperature is circulated and supplied to zero, heat during heating by the sheet-shaped heater 25 does not remain. No expansion or the like occurs.

When the lamination molding is completed and the pressure in the molding space S becomes substantially equal to the atmospheric pressure, the lower plate 2 is moved away from the upper plate 1 and the laminated product is carried out of the molding space S. When the height of the molding space S is changed by the molding material H in the next step, or when the pressurized film body 3 is deteriorated by use, the screw 4 is used.
2 is removed from the lower plate 2, and different types of frames 4 and / or
Alternatively, the frame is replaced with the pressurized film body fixing frame 35 and the screw 42 is attached again to fix the frame so as not to shift in the horizontal direction.

Next, another embodiment of the vacuum laminating apparatus according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as a second embodiment) will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that the same or corresponding parts as those in the above-described embodiment (hereinafter, referred to as the first embodiment) are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. Further, in this description, a case will be described in which the sheet-like elastic film 17 is fixed to the lower surface of the upper heating plate 16 as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 in the first embodiment.

The second embodiment differs greatly from the first embodiment in that the packing member 40 is provided as a flexible member so as to protrude inward in the first embodiment. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the packing member 41 is provided so as to protrude inward.

As shown by a chain line in FIG. 8, the frame 4 is set such that the inner peripheral edge thereof is substantially the same size as the concave portion 10 of the upper plate 1. In this embodiment, the packing member 40 is formed to have substantially the same size as the frame 4. On the other hand, the outer periphery of the packing member 41 is
And the packing member 40 is set to have substantially the same size, but is formed so that its inner peripheral edge protrudes inward from the inner peripheral edge of the frame 4. Therefore, when the molding space is formed, the packing member 41 is cantilevered so that the portion 41 a protruding from the inner peripheral edge of the frame body 4 becomes a free end with the pressure film body 3. Is done. At this time, the protruding portion 41a of the packing member 41 is
And a gap F which is an opening of the decompression means.

The packing member 41 is provided on one surface of the frame 4 so as to be in contact with the pressure film 3. Portion 41a of packing member 41 projecting from inner peripheral edge of frame 4
The length M (FIG. 8) is longer than the length N in the first embodiment shown in FIG. This length M
Is set by the thickness and elasticity of the pressure film body, the height of the molding space S, and the like. The packing member 41 is not limited to being provided on one surface of the frame 4, but may be provided on the pressurized film 3. However, in this case,
At least a portion 41a of the packing member 41 having a length M protruding from the frame body 4 must be capable of freely bending without being fixed to the pressing film body 3.

In this embodiment, the lower surface of the upper heating plate 16 is set to be substantially the same height as the lower surface of the surrounding upper plate 1. When the upper heating plate 16 or a permeable member is provided in place of the upper heating plate 16 as in the first embodiment, the lower surface of the upper heating plate 16 or the permeable member is positioned above the surroundings. The height is set to be substantially the same as the lower surface of the plate 1.

Next, the operation of the vacuum laminating apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. In the description of this operation, only points different from the operation in the first embodiment will be described, and the description of the same portions will be omitted.

A frame 4 having a predetermined thickness and a pressure film fixing frame 35 are selected so that a molding space S having a height corresponding to the molding material H to be laminated and formed can be formed.
2 are attached to the lower plate 2 together. At this time, the frame 4
Are arranged such that the packing member 41 is in contact with the pressurized film body. The molding material H is loaded and placed on the pressurized film body 3, and the lower plate 2
Is moved closer to the upper plate 1, the frame 4 and the pressurized film body 3 fixed to the pressurized film body fixing frame 35 are sandwiched between the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2, and the molding material H is The enclosed molding space S accommodated is formed.

Then, air is sucked through the gap G by the pressurized film operating means, and the pressurized film 3 is brought into close contact with the permeable member 27 by suction. Reduce the pressure inside. At this time, the volume of the molding space S does not decrease, and the pressing film body 3 does not press the molding material H. The pressure reduction in the molding space S is continued until the lamination molding is completed and immediately before the lower plate 2 is moved away from the upper plate 1.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, a pressurized fluid is supplied through the gap G by the pressurized film body operating means to uniformly apply pressure to the whole of the pressurized film body 3 so that the pressurized film body 3 is pressed. Inflate,
Pressing and heating the molding material H with the elastic film 17,
Laminate. In addition, from the inner peripheral edge of the pressurized film body fixing frame 35 to the portion corresponding to the inner peripheral edge of the frame body 4 (the portion extending downward in dashed lines in FIG. 8) of the pressurized film body fixed frame 35, That it is not fixed to 35 is the same as in the first embodiment.

When the pressurized film body 3 expands due to the supply of the pressurized fluid and presses the molding material H, the portion 41 a of the packing member 41 protruding from the inner peripheral edge of the frame 4 is deformed to be curved. It will be. As a result, the portion from the inner peripheral edge of the frame 4 of the pressurized film body 3 to the portion in contact with the elastic film 17 is gently deformed. In the second embodiment,
As in the case shown in FIG.
Is aligned with the inner peripheral edge of the frame 4, but the packing member 4
Since the one protruding portion 41a is interposed between the pressurized film body 3 and the gap F, the pressurized film body 3 does not enter the gap F in a bent state due to the reduced pressure in the molding space S. Therefore, the pressurized film body 3 does not hinder the suction of the decompression means as shown in FIG. Deformation of the pressurized film body 3 that is not directly related to pressurization of the molding material H is reduced, and deterioration can be reduced.

Thereafter, the laminated product is cooled, the lower plate 2 is moved away from the upper plate 1 at a pressure substantially equal to the atmospheric pressure in the molding space S, and the laminated product is carried out of the molding space S.

[0061]

According to the vacuum laminating apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the depressurizing means for depressurizing the inside of the molding space is replaced by the upper part which is brought into contact with the frame when the molding space is formed. On the other opposing surface of the plate or the lower plate, an opening is provided over the entire periphery along the inner peripheral edge of the frame, and a flexible member is provided between the opening of the suction means and the pressurized membrane. As it intervenes, by being provided so as to protrude inward from the opening of the decompression means, it is possible to evacuate uniformly and uniformly from the periphery of the molding space to the entire surface.
Since the flexible member protruding from the inner peripheral edge of the frame body is gently bent by the deformation and the deformation which is not directly related to the pressure applied to the molding material is reduced, the deterioration of the pressurized film body can be reduced.

According to the vacuum laminating apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, the opening of the decompression means is arranged outside the inner peripheral edge of the frame, and the portion inside the opening is recessed from the outside portion. In this case, the pressure film does not prevent the suction by the pressure reducing means.

According to the vacuum laminating apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the height of the molding space can be adjusted, it is possible to perform lamination molding according to laminated products having different thicknesses.

According to the vacuum laminating apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the temperature of the laminated product obtained by heating and simultaneously heating the molded material is uniformly reduced by the cooling means, no wrinkles are formed. Laminated products can be reliably laminated and molded, and the yield can be improved. In addition, since the temperature in the molding space does not rise due to the radiant heat of the heating means, it can be cooled by the cooling means and heated by the heating means only when necessary, so that a molding material made of a thermosetting resin is laminated. In the case, the curing reaction does not proceed before pressing the molding material, and wrinkling occurs due to excessive plasticization of the molding material before being pressed when laminating a thermoplastic resin. Accuracy such as slippage and alignment does not decrease, and therefore, a stable laminated product can be obtained.

According to the vacuum laminating apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the periphery of the pressing film body is fixed to the pressing film body fixing frame, the pressing film body deteriorated by use can be replaced or formed. The exchange of the pressurized membrane or the pressurized membrane fixed frame can be easily performed, such as the exchange of the pressurized membrane according to the material or the exchange of the pressurized membrane fixed frame having a different thickness.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of a vacuum laminating apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the vacuum laminating apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the vacuum laminating apparatus shown in FIG. 1 according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a state where a molding space is formed from the state of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a view showing a state in which a molding material is pressed by a pressing film body from the state of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing an embodiment obtained by modifying FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is different from the present invention in that, when a molding material is pressurized, when the gap serving as the opening of the decompression means is aligned with the inner peripheral edge of the frame or located inside the inner peripheral edge of the frame, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the pressurized film body is bent and enters the gap due to the suction force and the supply pressure of the pressurized fluid from the pressurized fluid source of the pressurized film body operation means.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a state in which a molding material is pressed by a pressing film body from the state of FIG. 8;

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 upper plate 2 lower plate 3 pressurized film body 4 frame 15 sheet heater (heating means) 25 sheet heater (heating means) 30 cooling medium flow path (cooling means) 35 pressurized film body fixing frames 40, 41 Packing member (flexible member) H molding material S molding space F gap (opening of decompression means)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI // B29K 105: 06 B29L 9:00 31:34

Claims (5)

[Claims] An upper plate and a lower plate which are provided so as to be able to approach and retreat to each other, a pressurizing film provided on one of the opposing surfaces of the upper plate and the lower plate, and And / or a frame forming a molding space for accommodating a molding material by being sandwiched between one of the other opposing surfaces and the pressurized film body when the lower plate approaches. Heating means for heating the molding space, decompression means for evacuating the molding space, and pressurized film body operating means for operating the pressurized film body to pressurize the molding material housed in the molding space at an arbitrary timing. The pressure reducing means for reducing the pressure in the molding space, the frame body is provided on the other facing surface of the upper plate or the lower plate with which the frame body comes into contact when the molding space is formed. The flexible member is provided so as to open over the entire circumference along the inner peripheral edge of the suction means. When so as to be interposed between the pressurized pressure membrane body, vacuum lamination apparatus being characterized in that protrudes inward from the opening of the pressure reducing means. 2. The decompression means is provided so as to open outside the inner peripheral edge of the frame, and on the other opposing surface of the upper plate or the lower plate, inside the opening of the decompression means. 2. The vacuum laminating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the portion is formed so as to be recessed from a portion to which the frame body contacts. 3. The vacuum laminating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the height of the molding space is adjustable. 4. The vacuum laminating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising cooling means for cooling the laminated moldings by being heated and pressurized. 5. A pressing film body fixing frame which is fixed to a peripheral edge of the pressing film body which is detachable with respect to one of the opposing surfaces of the upper plate and the lower plate. A vacuum laminating apparatus according to any one of the above