JPH10174956A - Garbage treatment method and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively perform microbiological treatment in the treatment of garbage by housing garbage and microorganisms in a stirring tank in a mixed state and alternately repeating stirring and non-stirring to extend a non-stirring time with the elapse of time. SOLUTION: Many kinds of microorganisms decomposing and digesting garbage are supported on granular matter such as sawdust to be housed in a stirring tank 2. As these microorganisms, a mixture of facultative anaerobic bacteria based on aerobic bacteria with anaerobic bacteria is used. Garbage is charged in the stirring tank 2 and an outer lid 12 and an inner lid 13 are closed to stirr garbage by stirring blades 7. Forward/reverse rotation, is repeated as one cycle to perform an adsorbing mode. Subsequently, a predetermined combination of forward/reverse rotation and stop is repeated as one cycle to successively perform a decomposition mode, a drying mode and a stop mode. This stop time is extended with the elapse of time. By this constitution, microbiological adsorption and moisture evaporation can sufficiently be performed and effective microbiological treatment can be performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage processing method for decomposing and treating garbage such as food with microorganisms, and a garbage processing apparatus for realizing the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A garbage processing apparatus using microorganisms is known as an apparatus for self-processing garbage such as food generated in a general household, an employee cafeteria, a restaurant, etc. without outputting the garbage to the outside. This garbage disposal apparatus is provided with a granular material such as sawdust that carries microorganisms in a stirring tank into which garbage is charged, and mixes garbage and microorganisms in the stirring tank and is provided in the stirring tank. By rotating and stirring a stirring shaft with stirring blades as a stirring means, the garbage is decomposed and treated with an enzyme secreted by microorganisms into water and carbon dioxide.

Conventionally, the rotation of the stirring shaft for stirring the garbage together with the microorganisms is to continuously rotate the stirring shaft until the end of the garbage treatment, or to stop the rotation for a certain time after rotating the stirring shaft for a certain time. That was repeated.

[0004]

However, such a method for treating garbage has not always sufficiently studied and used the activity characteristics of microorganisms. That is,
Microorganisms do not actively process garbage by starting to work from the early stage of rotation of the stirring shaft, and when time passes and microorganisms are processing garbage, moisture and internal Heat and heat will be generated, and these moisture and internal heat will increase as the microorganisms are active and the garbage processing is progressing. It was necessary to drive the garbage processing apparatus in consideration of the above, but in the past, the garbage processing apparatus was driven without such consideration.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for treating garbage, which enables effective garbage disposal based on the activity characteristics of microorganisms.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for treating garbage, wherein microorganisms are mixed with garbage in a stirring tank provided with stirring means, and the garbage is stirred by the stirring means. Garbage is treated by repeating the non-stirring process without stirring, and the non-stirring time is lengthened as time elapses.

[0007] In order to decompose and treat garbage with enzymes secreted by microorganisms, it is necessary to first mix the microorganisms with garbage and to adsorb (attach) the garbage to the garbage. For this reason, in the first stage to make microorganisms adsorb to garbage,
The stirring means is driven without stopping. When the decomposition of garbage by microorganisms begins, it is necessary to supply sufficient oxygen to the microorganisms in order to activate the activity of the microorganisms, and as a result of the activity of the microorganisms, moisture is generated due to the decomposition and treatment of the garbage Start to appear. For this reason, in the second period for decomposing garbage by microorganisms, rather than continuously stirring the garbage by continuously driving the stirring means, a short non-driving time in which the stirring means is not driven at times is provided. When not driven, the water is evaporated by the heat of the internal heat or the heat of the external heat and the suction of the air in the stirring tank so that the water content of the garbage becomes a predetermined value at which the microorganisms can easily be activated.

When the activity of microorganisms becomes active and a large amount of water comes out, the large amount of water is evaporated rather than supplying oxygen to the microorganisms, and the garbage is dried to reduce its water content to a predetermined value. Since it is important to maintain the garbage, the non-driving time when the stirring means is not driven is set to be longer than the driving time when the stirring means is driven in the third period for drying the garbage. At the end of the third period, the processing of the garbage is almost finished, and it is necessary to rest the microorganisms for the next garbage treatment. Most are not driven, and most of the time is when the stirring means is not driven.

As described above, the treatment of garbage by the activity of microorganisms involves repeating the agitation of stirring the garbage by the stirring means and the non-agitation of the garbage without stirring, and as time elapses. This can be achieved by prolonging the time of non-stirring. Therefore, according to the method for treating garbage according to the present invention performed as described above, the treatment of garbage can be effectively performed based on the activity characteristics of microorganisms.

[0010] The stirring means provided in the stirring tank for stirring the garbage may be of any structure such as a screw type as long as it can stir the garbage. In this case, it is preferable to make the stirring shaft rotate forward and reverse to stir the garbage. When the stirring shaft is rotated forward and backward in this way, the rotation of the stirring shaft is performed mainly for stirring the garbage mixed with microorganisms and supplying oxygen to the microorganisms. Oxygen can be supplied sufficiently evenly to microorganisms in the garbage, and this object can be reliably achieved.

The microorganisms to be mixed in the garbage may be aerobic microorganisms, facultative anaerobic microorganisms, anaerobic microorganisms, or a mixture of these microorganisms. In order to dry the garbage by evaporating the garbage and to enable effective garbage treatment with the microorganisms, it is desirable that the microorganisms mixed with the garbage be mainly aerobic microorganisms.

[0012] The garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a stirring tank into which garbage is charged;
The stirring tank is provided with a stirring means for stirring the garbage together with the microorganisms, and a control device for controlling the driving of the stirring means. The control device causes the stirring means to repeat the driving and the non-driving. The non-driving time is made longer as the time elapses.

The control device controls the driving of the stirring means, and the driving control repeats the driving when the stirring means is driven and the non-driving time when the stirring means is not driven. Since the time is longer, the garbage processing apparatus according to the present invention can be realized by the garbage processing apparatus.

The control device may be a computer, a relay system of contact control, or a sequence control using a programmable controller of non-contact control. When using a computer, the program may be recorded in advance on a recording means such as a hard disk, a magnetic disk,
The information may be recorded on a recording medium such as an optical disk and input to a computer when the garbage processing apparatus is driven, and recorded on a recording unit. Alternatively, a plurality of types of programs may be recorded on a recording unit or a recording medium, and an appropriate program may be selectively used according to the amount of garbage to be processed.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, the entire garbage processing apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the garbage processing apparatus, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the stirring tank, and FIG. 3 is a rear view of the garbage processing apparatus. A stirring tank 2 is arranged inside the main body cover 1 of the garbage disposal apparatus, and the stirring tank 2 is mounted on a base plate 4 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, sheet heaters 5 are attached to the upper, side, front, and rear surfaces of the stirring tank 2 so that the temperature of the stirring tank 2 can be raised to a predetermined temperature range. As shown in FIG. 2, the stirring shaft 6 is rotatably mounted horizontally and has stirring blades 7. In the stirring shaft 6, the driving force of the stirring shaft driving motor 8 is transmitted via the sprocket 9, the chain 10, and the sprocket 11. It rotates by doing. The bottom surface of the stirring tank 2 has a semicircular shape corresponding to the rotation locus of the stirring blade 7.

An openable / closable outer lid 1 is provided on the upper surface of the main body cover 1.
An inner lid 13 is provided below the outer lid 12 so as to open and close the upper surface of the opening of the stirring tank 2, and the outer lid 12 and the inner lid 13 are opened so that garbage is removed from the stirring tank 2. It is thrown in.

At the back of the stirring tank 2, there is fixedly provided an intake cylinder member 15 having an intake passage 14 inside.
As shown in FIG. 3, there are two left and right
Extends from the lower rear part of the stirring tank 2 to the upper rear part as shown in FIG.
And it faces the inside of the stirring tank 2 from the upper surface of the stirring tank 2. An intake fan 16 and a ribbon heater 17 serving as a heating means are incorporated in a lower portion of the intake cylinder member 15, so that outside air is sucked while being heated into the intake passage 14 and is sent into the stirring tank 2. It has become. In the drawing, the flowing direction of the outside air is indicated by a white arrow.

As is apparent from FIG. 1, a large number of holes 13A are formed in the inner lid 13, so that even if the outer lid 12 is closed, the air in the stirring tank 2 can be maintained between the outer lid 12 and the inner lid 13. Can invade A horizontally long lid 18 is attached to the lower side of the outer lid 12 and above the inner lid 13 so as to be openable and closable, and as shown in FIG. Is an entrance of the deodorizing system 20 for sending out the odor generated in the stirring tank 2 together with the air to deodorize. At the entrance 19, a deodorizing filter 21 made of, for example, cotton, wool or chemical fiber having fine eyes (holes) in the range of 5 to 50 microns is exchangeably attached.
Is longer in the back side (downstream in the air delivery direction) of the deodorizing system path 20 and has a closed bag shape at the back end.

Since the deodorizing passage 20 is open toward the space between the outer lid 12 and the inner lid 13, the deodorizing passage 20 extends from the stirring tank 21 through this space. As shown in FIG.
The deodorizing system path 20 is composed of a box member 22, a cylindrical member 23, a box member 24, an L-shaped connecting tube member 25, a vertically long tube member 26, a water tank 27, a vertically long tube member 28, and a tube 29 which are sequentially connected, Inside the cylindrical member 23, a sirocco fan 30 serving as an intake unit is arranged, and inside the box member 24, an ozone generator 31 for generating ozone at high voltage is arranged.

Sirocco fan 30, ozone generator 31
A spray nozzle 32, which is a spray water supply device, protrudes from the side surface of the vertically long tubular member 26 inside the vertically long tubular member 26, which is further downstream in the air delivery direction. A distribution maze section 33 is provided. In the present embodiment, the air flow maze portion 33 is formed by connecting the plurality of baffle plates 34 having the air flow holes 34 </ b> A to the vertically long cylindrical member 26.
Are formed horizontally in parallel at intervals. Water 35 is stored in the water tank 27, and an exhaust ozone deodorizing filter 36 is filled in the vertically long cylindrical member 28. This exhaust ozone deodorizing filter 36 is
For example, it is made of activated carbon, ferrous oxide, manganese dioxide, calcium oxide, silicon dioxide and the like.

With the above configuration, when the sirocco fan 30 is driven, the air in the stirring tank 2 is deodorized through the space between the outer lid 12 and the inner lid 13 and the hole 18A of the horizontally long lid 18. The air is sucked into the entrance 19 of the passage 20 and then further flows through the components 22 to 29 of the deodorizing passage 20 and is discharged to the outside of the garbage disposal device. The flow of this air is indicated by white arrows in FIG.

A pump 38 is connected to the water tank 27 via a tube 37, and a tube 39 extending to the spray nozzle 32 is connected to the pump 38. The tube 37, the pump 38, and the tube 39 constitute a water circulating device 40 for sending the water 35 in the water tank 27 to the spray nozzle 32 for circulating use. The water 35 is mixed with an acid capable of neutralizing ammonia, for example, a strong acid having sulfonic acid as a substituent.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a drive system of the garbage processing apparatus. The control device 41 which is a computer
Is provided with an input means 42 such as a keyboard, a control means 43 as a CPU, and a recording means 44 such as a hard disk. When the input means 42 is operated to start the garbage processing apparatus, the program recorded in the recording means 44 Based on the control means 43, the stirring shaft driving motor 8, the intake fan 16,
The drive of a garbage disposal device such as the ribbon heater 17 is controlled. FIG. 6 shows the drive control of the stirring shaft 6 when processing 15 kg of garbage as an example of the drive control.

Next, the operation will be described. In the inside of the stirring tank 2, various kinds of microorganisms capable of decomposing and digesting protein, oil and fat, carbohydrate and the like of food components as food garbage are carried and supported by granular materials such as sawdust, wood chips and rice husks. These microorganisms are a mixture of aerobic microorganisms, facultative anaerobic microorganisms, and anaerobic microorganisms, and the main microorganisms are aerobic microorganisms.

After the garbage is put into the stirring tank 2, the outer lid 12 and the inner lid 13 are closed, and the garbage processing apparatus is started by operating the input means 42 shown in FIG. Thereby, the stirring shaft 6 is rotated, and the garbage mixed with the microorganisms is stirred by the stirring blade 7.
And stir. The garbage treatment process starting from this stirring is performed by the adsorption, decomposition,
It consists of drying and rest modes. When the garbage processing starts, introduction of outside air from the intake system 14 into the stirring tank 2 and suction of air in the stirring tank 2 into the deodorizing system 20 start.

In the adsorption mode, which is the first period shown in FIG. 6, the agitating shaft 6 performs six cycles of one cycle of rotation in which forward rotation is performed for 5 minutes and reverse rotation is performed for 5 minutes. . In the disassembly mode, which is the second period, the stirring shaft 6 performs 20 cycles of one cycle of rotational movement, which is one cycle of forward rotation of 5 minutes, reverse rotation of 5 minutes, and pause of 5 minutes. In the drying mode, which is the third period, the stirring shaft 6 continuously rotates for 2 minutes in the normal direction, 10 minutes in the pause, 2 minutes in the reverse rotation, and 10 minutes in the pause, and
Twenty cycles of the cycled rotation are performed. In the rest mode, which is the fourth period, the stirring shaft 6 rotates forward for two minutes,
The rotation movement, which is one cycle of continuous 60-minute pause, 2-minute reverse rotation, and 60-minute pause, is performed endlessly, that is, until the operation of the input means 42 stops driving the garbage processing apparatus.

As described above, in this embodiment, except for the adsorption mode, in the decomposition mode, the drying mode, and the rest mode, the garbage is stirred by the stirring shaft 6 with the stirring blades 7 (stirring means). (When the shaft 6 is driven) and non-stirring without stirring the garbage (when the stirring shaft 6 is not driven) are repeated, and after a lapse of time, the disassembly mode is changed to the drying mode, and the drying mode is changed. As the mode shifts from the sleep mode to the rest mode, the time during non-stirring becomes longer.

The reason why such garbage stirring characteristics are adopted is as follows.
It is as follows. In the adsorption mode, the agitation shaft 6 is rotated without stopping because the microorganism is sufficiently adsorbed to the garbage so that the germ decomposition enzyme is secreted from the microorganism. In the next decomposition mode, while supplying sufficient oxygen to the microorganisms to activate the activity of the microorganisms, the microorganisms start to work, and as a result, water accompanying the decomposition of the garbage starts to come out, and the water is evaporated to remove the garbage Therefore, the stirring shaft 6 is occasionally stopped while the rotation time of the stirring shaft 6 is long, so that the outside air from the intake system passage 14 is rotated when the stirring shaft 6 rotates. To the microorganisms to increase the activity of the microorganisms,
When the stirring shaft 6 is stopped, the internal heat of the garbage generated as a result of the activity of the microorganisms, the heat of the external heating by the sheet heater 5 and the ribbon heater 17, and the air in the stirring tank 2 to the deodorizing system 20. The water in the garbage is evaporated by the inhalation.

In the drying mode, a large amount of water generated by active activation of microorganisms is evaporated to dry the garbage so that the water content of the garbage becomes a predetermined value. The stirrer shaft 6
The time during which the stirring shaft 6 is stopped is made longer than the time during which the microbe is activated to activate the activity of the microorganisms, and the long stopping time of the stirring shaft 6 secures a sufficient time for evaporating a large amount of water. In the rest mode, the garbage disposal by the microorganisms is almost completed as described above, and the microorganisms are rested for the next garbage disposal. Therefore, the stirring shaft 6 is hardly rotated, and most of the time is stirred. The stop time of the shaft 6 is assumed.

As is clear from the above, when the garbage treatment by microorganisms starts, water starts to be generated, and this water increases with the progress of garbage treatment, so that the water content of garbage that can maintain the activity of microorganisms is reduced. Therefore, as the time elapses from the start of the garbage treatment, the stirring shaft stop time for evaporating the water is increased.

For this reason, according to the present embodiment, the garbage is agitated based on the activity characteristics of the microorganisms, so that the garbage disposal by the microorganisms can be effectively performed.

Further, the stirring shaft 6 for stirring the garbage for supplying oxygen to the microorganisms does not rotate only in one direction, but rotates forward and backward to stir the garbage. Stirring can be performed evenly, and sufficient oxygen can be given to microorganisms mixed in the garbage.

The microorganisms mixed with the garbage are mainly aerobic microorganisms. The aerobic microorganisms have a reduced water content in the garbage and the garbage is in a dry state. It is possible to treat garbage with the good activity of this microorganism, because it works well when it is in use.

Next, the deodorizing function of the air sucked from the stirring tank 2 into the deodorizing passage 20 will be described. As mentioned above, when garbage is decomposed and treated with enzymes secreted by microorganisms,
An odor component such as ammonia is also generated, and the odor component is sucked into the deodorizing system passage 20 together with the air in the stirring tank 2 by driving the sirocco fan 30 simultaneously with the start of the garbage disposal. Since the deodorizing filter 21 having fine eyes is attached to the entrance 19 of the deodorizing passage 20, the dust containing the odor component and the water vapor absorbing the odor component float from the stirring tank 2 in the air. Even if the air is sucked into the deodorizing system 20, these are removed by the deodorizing filter 21, whereby the primary deodorizing is performed by the filter 21.

The inner lid 1 for closing the upper opening of the stirring tank 2
3 is provided with a hole 13A, and the oblong lid 18 that covers the entrance 19 of the deodorizing passage 20 is provided with a hole 18A.
Even if the outer lid 12 is closed, air and odor components in the stirring tank 2 can be sucked into the deodorizing passage 20, and the closed outer lid 12 can prevent the odor components from leaking outside.

The air in the stirring tank 2 sucked into the deodorizing passage 20 reaches the inside of the box member 24 via the inside of the box member 22 and the inside of the cylindrical member 23 shown in FIG. 3, where ozone is generated in the air. Ozone is generated in the device 31 and ozone is mixed in the air from the stirring tank 2. This ozone comes into contact with the odor components contained in the air, and the odor components that have come into contact with it are extinguished by their oxidizing action. Thereafter, the spray water is supplied to the air from the spray nozzle 32 inside the vertically long cylindrical member 26.
When the spray water is supplied, the ozone in the air dissolves in the water of the spray water, and the odor component which has not yet disappeared and which is dissolved in the water of the spray water is converted into the water of the spray water. Because there is more chance of contact with ozone in the air than in the air,
The deodorizing action by ozone is effectively performed.

The spray water supplied from the spray nozzle 32 is water 35 stored in the water tank 27, and the water 35 contains an acid which neutralizes ammonia which is an odorous component. When the water-soluble ammonia is dissolved in the water of the spray water, the ammonia is neutralized and disappears by this acid, and the malodorous component based on the ammonia disappears.

Further, odorous components include trimethylamine and methyl mercaptan, which are hardly water-soluble, but are easily dissolved in water containing ozone. By dissolving in ozone-dissolved water, there are many opportunities for contact with ozone in the water, and trimethylamine and methyl mercaptan are destroyed by ozone in the water.

Further, on the downstream side of the deodorizing system path 20 from the ozone generator 31 and the spray nozzle 32 in the air delivery direction, a plurality of baffle plates 34 having air circulation holes 34A are formed side by side. 33, the air containing the odorous components, the ozone, and the spray water meander in the air circulation maze 33 and stay for a long time. A long contact time can be ensured, so that the effect of eliminating the odor component as described above can be effectively realized.

The spray water is dropped in the water tank 27 as water droplets in the air flow maze section 33 and accumulates in the tank 27.

The air that has reached the water tank 27 is
Ozone and sulfide in the air are removed by the exhaust ozone deodorizing filter 36 filled in the vertically long tubular member 28 through the space above the water surface inside the inside of the vertically long tubular member 28, For this reason, the purified air, which is free of ozone and odor of odor components, is discharged to the outside of the garbage disposal.

The water 35 accumulated in the water tank 27 is
The water is sent to the spray nozzle 32, which is a spray water supply device, by the water circulation device 40, and is again supplied as spray water into the deodorizing system passage 20. In this way, the spray water sprayed from the nozzle 32 is circulated and used, and even if there is an odor component that has been dissolved in water and has not yet disappeared, when the water is sprayed again from the nozzle 32, the odor component becomes In the deodorizing system 20, the opportunity to come into contact with ozone is given again, so that the odor can be more reliably eliminated.

[0044]

According to the present invention, there is obtained an effect that garbage disposal can be effectively performed based on the activity characteristics of microorganisms.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a garbage processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part of a stirring tank of the same-type refuse disposal apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the coexisting waste treatment apparatus.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of an entrance portion of a deodorizing system path.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a drive system of the garbage processing apparatus.

6 is a flowchart of a drive control of a stirring shaft performed by the control device shown in FIG. 5;

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Stirring tank 6 Stirring shaft as stirring means 7 Stirring blade 8 Stirring shaft drive motor 14 Intake system 20 Deodorizing system 41 Controller

Claims (4)

[Claims] A garbage is mixed with a garbage in a stirring tank provided with a stirring means, and the garbage is stirred by the stirring means and the non-stirring without stirring the garbage is repeated to repeat the garbage. A method for treating garbage, wherein the time of the non-stirring is extended as time elapses while processing. 2. The garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring means is a stirring shaft provided with stirring blades, and the stirring shaft performs forward rotation and reverse rotation to stir the garbage. A garbage disposal method characterized by the following. 3. The method for treating garbage according to claim 1, wherein a main microorganism among the microorganisms is an aerobic microorganism. 4. A stirring tank into which the garbage is put and microorganisms are mixed in the garbage; a stirring means provided in the stirring tank for stirring the garbage together with the microorganisms; and controlling the driving of the stirring means. A garbage disposal apparatus characterized in that the control apparatus causes the agitating means to repeat driving and non-driving, and to increase the time of non-driving as time passes. .