JPH1017386A - Method for composting food left-over and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently and surely obtain good compost with a method and device for recycling the food left-overs generated in restaurants, school lunch centers, etc., by fermenting and composting these food left-overs. SOLUTION: This method consists in obtaining the compost by mixing fermentation media 2 with the food left-overs and fermenting the mixture. In such a case, the fermentation consists of primary fermentation 3 to ferment the food left-overs by mixing the fermentation media with the food left-overs in a place where the food left-overs are generated and secondary fermentation 5 to further ferment the mixture by integrating the primarily fermented matter, thereby obtaining the compost. The composting device for fermenting the food left-overs by housing the food left-overs therein and mixing the fermentation media therewith consists of a primary fermenter 11 which recovers the food left-overs and execute the primary fermentation and a secondary fermenter 9 which integrates the primarily fermented matter and further ferments the same. The primary fermenter and the secondary fermenter mix the fermentation media while circulating the food left-overs and the primarily fermented matter thereof. In addition, the fermentation media are previously housed into the primary fermenter and the food left-overs charged therein are fermented right after the charging thereof.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating food residues generated in food processing factories, restaurants, food service centers, and the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to fermentation of food residues to reuse as compost. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for composting food residues for use.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, the contents of food residues generated in food processing factories, restaurants, food service centers and the like differ depending on the ingredients used in the food processing factories, restaurants, food service centers and the like. Various methods are also considered, and the contents of food residues are relatively homogeneous, and those generated in food processing plants that can secure a large amount are processed into livestock feed, For those that are reused, but occur in restaurants or lunch centers where the contents of food residue are diverse,
At present, most of them are disposed of as garbage.

When the food residue is disposed of as garbage, the food residue is put into a container (eg, a plastic container) for collecting the garbage as it is, and a trader or the like collects the food residue. Yes, this collected food residue is generally transported to a garbage disposal site and discarded, or is generally discarded after removing the water contained in the food residue, but a reduction in garbage is required. At present, it is required to reuse food residues generated at restaurants and catering centers where the contents are diverse.

[0004] As a method of reusing food residues generated in restaurants and food service centers where the contents of the food residues are diverse, compost is obtained by accumulating the collected food residues and fermenting them. Various methods and devices for composting food residues have been proposed, and efforts have been made for practical use.

[0005] As a method for composting the above-mentioned food residue, a food residue generated in a restaurant or a lunch center is collected, and a fermentation medium is added to the collected food residue. In general, fermentation of food residues is promoted by the action of the food residue, and the food residues are composted. For this purpose, a container for storing the collected food residues and a food residue stored in the container are used. What is generally constituted by a circulating means and a stirring means for mixing the fermentation medium into, and these circulating means and stirring means are usually provided inside a container for storing food residues. Was what it was.

[0006]

According to the above-mentioned prior art, a method and an apparatus for composting food residues collect food residues generated in a restaurant or a food service center and the like, and the collected foods are collected. This is performed by adding a fermentation medium to the residue.Food residue generated in restaurants and catering centers is once put into a garbage collection container, etc., and is collected and the container for storing the food residue In many cases, the food residue before fermentation, which is put into a garbage collection container or the like, undergoes decay with time, and is particularly decayed. In the high temperature season such as summer, the decay progresses quickly, and odors are likely to occur.However, since the container for storing the food residue is provided with a circulating means and a stirring means inside,
It is difficult to maintain airtightness, and it is not possible to prevent problems such as bad smells.Moreover, the compost obtained by fermenting this spoiled food residue has a problem that its quality is not stable. There has been a demand for a method and an apparatus for composting food residues that have been produced and can be obtained as compost having good quality.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to efficiently ferment food residues generated in restaurants and catering centers. Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for composting food residues, which can be performed reliably and can obtain a compost having good quality.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following technical means. That is, to explain using the reference numerals used in the accompanying drawings corresponding to the examples, fermentation of the food residue by mixing the fermentation medium with the food residue, in the method of composting food residue to obtain compost from the food residue, The fermentation of the food residue 1 includes a primary fermentation 3 in which the food residue 1 is mixed with a fermentation medium 2 at a place where the food residue 1 is generated to ferment the food residue 1, and a primary fermented product obtained by the primary fermentation 3. A method of composting food residues, comprising performing a secondary fermentation 5 for accumulating and further fermenting the same, and obtaining a compost 6 from the food residue 1 through the primary fermentation 3 and the secondary fermentation 5. .

Further, in a food residue composting apparatus for accommodating food residues and mixing the food residues with a fermentation medium to ferment the food residues to obtain compost from the food residues.
The composting device for the food residue 1 integrates a primary fermenter 7 for performing the primary fermentation 3 of the food residue 1 and a primary fermentation product 4 obtained by the primary fermentation 3 in the primary fermenter 7. 4
Fermenter 8 for secondary fermentation 5 for further fermenting
The primary fermenter 7 for performing the primary fermentation 3 and the secondary fermenter 8 for performing the secondary fermentation 5 are mixed with the fermentation medium 2 while circulating the food residue 1 and the primary fermentation 4. In addition, the fermentation medium 2 is charged in advance in the primary fermenter 7 for performing the primary fermentation 3, and the food residue 1 charged in the primary fermenter 7 is immediately after the charge. It is a composting device for food residue characterized by being fermented.

[0010]

The present invention comprises the above-mentioned technical means. The fermentation of the food residue 1 is performed by mixing the food residue 1 with a fermentation medium 2 at a place where the food residue 1 is generated to ferment the food residue 1. 3 and the primary fermentation products 4 obtained by the primary fermentation 3 are collected and further fermented. The fermentation is carried out by secondary fermentation 5, so that the food residue 1 generated in a restaurant or a catering center can be fermented on the spot. It is possible to suppress the decay of the food residue 1 and the generation of offensive odors due to the decay, and to shorten the time until the food residue 1 is fermented to obtain the compost 6. 1 does not cause decay, so that the fermentation of the food residue 1 can be performed efficiently and reliably, and the compost 6 has good quality.
Is obtained.

Further, the above-mentioned food residue composting apparatus comprises a primary fermenter 7 for collecting the food residue 1 and performing the primary fermentation 3 thereof, and a primary fermentation product 4 obtained by primary fermentation 3 in the primary fermenter 7.
And a secondary fermenter 8 for performing a secondary fermentation 5 for further fermenting the primary fermentation product 4.
The primary fermenter 7 and the secondary fermenter 8 for performing the secondary fermentation 5 perform the mixing with the fermentation medium 2 while circulating the food residue 1 and the primary fermentation product 4. The fermentation medium 2 is stored in advance in the primary fermenter 7 for performing the primary fermentation 3, and the food residue 1 put into the primary fermenter 7 is fermented immediately after the fermentation. Therefore, the method for composting the food residue can be faithfully realized.

The above-mentioned food residue composting device feeds the food residue 1 into the primary fermenter 7 so that the fermentation medium 2 previously stored in the primary fermenter 7 removes the fed food residue 1 from the fermentation medium 2. Since the fermentation is performed one after another, the input food residue 1 is fermented without decay, and as a result,
The generation of offensive odor is suppressed, and the fermentation is started when the food residue 1 is put into the primary fermenter 7, so that the food residue 1 is collected and the secondary fermenter 8 for performing the secondary fermentation 5.
Since the fermentation is surely performed before the food residue is accumulated, the food residue 1 can be efficiently converted into the compost 6 in a short time.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the method for composting food residue according to the present invention comprises mixing fermentation medium 2 with food residue 1 and fermenting food residue 1 to obtain compost 6 from food residue 1. The fermentation of the food residue 1 includes a primary fermentation 3 in which the food residue 1 is mixed with a fermentation medium 2 at a place where the food residue 1 is generated to ferment the food residue 1, and a primary fermentation obtained by the primary fermentation 3. The compost 6 is obtained from the food residue 1 through the secondary fermentation 3 and the secondary fermentation 5 in which the products 4 are accumulated and further fermented.

The food residue composting apparatus for performing the processing based on the above-mentioned method for composting food residues collects the food residues 1 generated in restaurants, food service centers, etc., and performs the primary fermentation 3. Primary fermenter 7 for the primary fermenter 7
A primary fermentation product 4 obtained by primary fermentation 3 is accumulated therein, and a secondary fermenter 8 for performing a secondary fermentation 5 for further fermenting the primary fermentation product 4 is provided. Primary fermenter 7 and secondary fermenter 8 for performing secondary fermentation 5
Is configured to perform mixing with the fermentation medium 2 while circulating the food residue 1 and the primary fermentation product 4, and the primary fermenter 7 is provided with a place where the food residue 1 is generated,
That is, the secondary fermenter 8 is installed in a restaurant, a lunch center, or the like, and the secondary fermenter 8 is installed in a facility for treating the food residue 1 or the like.

As the fermentation medium 2 used in the method and apparatus for composting food residue, a method in which a fermentation bacterium for fermenting the food residue 1 is added to sawdust is considered. The medium 2 is stored in advance in a primary fermenter 7 for performing the primary fermentation 3.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, a primary fermenter 7 for performing the primary fermentation 3 of the food residue 1 has a cylindrical airtight tank body 11 and the airtight tank 11. It comprises a tank support / rotation means 12 for supporting the tank main body 11 and rotating the airtight tank main body 11, wherein the airtight tank main body 11 has a food residue input door 13 at one end thereof. At the other end, a primary fermentation product discharge door 14 having an opening at the entire end 16 of the airtight tank body 11 is provided.
Are provided with engaging means 18a and 18b for enabling the stacking of the two.

The food residue input door 13 provided at one end of the airtight tank main body 11 has one of the doors so that a person who wants to input the food residue 1 can easily open and close the door. Hinge 19 is arranged (FIG. 3),
When the door is closed, the airtight inside of the airtight tank main body 11 is maintained, and the primary fermentation product discharge door provided at the other end of the airtight tank main body 11 is provided. A hinge 14 is arranged on one side of the door, and the periphery of the hinge 20 is fixed by fixing means 17 arranged around the end 16 of the airtight tank body 11.
When the primary fermentation product 4 stored in the airtight tank main body 11 of the primary fermenter 7 is accumulated in the secondary fermenter 8, the airtightness of the primary fermenter 7 is configured (FIG. 4). By releasing the fixing by the fixing means 17, the entire end 16 of the hermetic tank body 11 becomes an open portion, so that the primary fermentation product 4 can be easily taken out.

The tank supporting and rotating means 12
A rotating support 21 for rotatably supporting the airtight tank main body 11 in a circumferential direction R thereof;
And a driving means 22 for rotating the hermetic tank main body 11 rotatably supported in the circumferential direction R thereof, and the rotating support 21 is provided with a peripheral wall of the hermetic tank main body 11. The airtight tank main body 11 is rotatably supported along a guide rail 24 provided on the motor 15, and is configured by two pairs of rollers 23 facing each other and forming a pair.

The drive means 22 provided on the tank support / rotation means 12 includes a drive transmission body 25 for transmitting a driving force to a driven rail 26 provided on the peripheral wall 15 of the hermetic tank body 11. It comprises a motor 27 for driving this, and a drive rail 26
Various types of transmission of the driving force to the motor, such as transmission using a gear and transmission using friction, are considered.

The primary fermenter 7 configured as described above supports the airtight tank main body 11 from the outside and rotates it, so that the airtight tank main body 11 itself has a very simple structure. And an excellent airtightness, and as a result, the primary fermenter 7 at very low cost.
It is possible to form food residue 1 into compost 6
In addition, the cost of reuse can be reduced, and the hermetic tank body 11 can perform its function only when placed on the tank support / rotation means 12. Since the airtight tank body 11 can be replaced as it is and the primary fermentation product 4 of the food residue 1 can be collected by collecting the airtight tank body 11 itself, the primary fermentation of the food residue 1 can be performed. This makes it very easy to collect the object 4.

Furthermore, as the secondary fermenter 8 for performing the secondary fermentation 5, a silo 31 capable of accumulating a large amount of collected primary fermentation products 4 is considered.
The silo 31 is provided with a circulating means 32 for circulating the collected and accumulated primary fermentation material 4. As the circulating means 32, the primary fermentation material 4 is transferred from the bottom to the top of the silo 31. A bucket conveyor or the like that can be carried up is considered, and the primary fermentation material 4 accumulated in the silo 31 is constantly circulated by the circulation means 32, so that the primary fermentation material 4 of the food residue 1 can be more efficiently used. It can be fermented well.

Next, an example of composting of food residue using the above-described method and apparatus for composting food residue and its use will be described with reference to FIG. The food residue 1 generated in a restaurant or a food service center or the like is put into the airtight tank main body 11 of the primary fermenter 7 installed in each of them, and the fermentation medium 2 previously stored in the airtight tank main body 11 The primary fermentation 3 of the food residue 1 is performed at the same time as the mixing, and the food residue 1 is not spoiled.
Sawdust of the fermentation medium 2 absorbs unnecessary moisture of the food residue 1, thereby suppressing generation of offensive odor and the like.

Moreover, the airtight tank main body 11 of the primary fermenter 7 is rotated R at a predetermined speed by the tank supporting / rotating means 12, so that the primary fermentation 3 of the food residue 1 can be efficiently and uniformly. Since it can be performed and has extremely excellent airtightness, there is no fear that the smell of the food residue 1 leaks to the outside and no trouble such as bad smell occurs.

The food residue 1 subjected to the primary fermentation 3 in the airtight tank main body 11 of the primary fermenter 7 installed in each of the above-mentioned restaurants and food service centers, etc.
As a result, the primary fermentation product in the airtight tank body 11 is removed, and the fermentation medium is removed and replaced with another airtight tank body 11 newly containing the fermentation medium 2. Collection (replacement) of tank body 11
Is collected (replaced) at a rate of about two or three times a week, depending on the scale of a restaurant or a lunch center or the amount of generated food residue 1.

Next, the primary fermented product 4 collected together with the airtight tank main body 11 is transported by truck or the like to a treatment facility for the food residue 1 in which the silo 31 as the secondary fermenter 8 is installed. The primary fermentation material 4 accumulated in the silo 31 serving as the secondary fermenter 8 is accumulated in the silo 31 by means of a bucket conveyor or the like serving as the circulating means 32. After being transported from the top to the top, it is repeatedly dropped and is subjected to secondary fermentation 5 while being circulated. At this time, the fermentation medium 2 is added as necessary, In addition, the circulation in the silo 31 is usually always performed at a speed such that the circulation is performed about twice a day, and the primary fermentation product 4 and the air are favorably contacted by this circulation. Primary fermentation 4 of the secondary fermentation 5 is intended to be carried out uniformly and satisfactorily.

The food residue 1 which has been subjected to the secondary fermentation 5 by the secondary fermenter 8 can be used as compost 6 and, as described above, the secondary fermentation product 4 Since the fermentation 5 is carried out homogeneously and well, a very good quality compost 6 is obtained, and the obtained compost 6 is shipped as a product such as bagged, and the compost 6 is used. It is transported to an organic compost farm and used.

Then, vegetables and the like are produced at an organic compost farm using the compost 6 obtained from the food residue 1, and the produced organic vegetables and the like are collected and delivered to restaurants and catering centers again. By doing so, the food residue is reused as a food material, and by repeatedly performing this, the recycling of the food residue 1 is reliably established.

Further, the compost 6 obtained by fermenting the food residue 1 generated at the above-mentioned restaurant or lunch center is supplied to a farmer who delivers vegetables to the restaurant or the lunch center. Farmers can obtain high-quality compost 6, so that the productivity of vegetables and the like can be improved, the production cost can be reduced, vegetables and the like can be supplied at a lower price, and conversely, restaurants and catering centers, Since vegetables and the like can be procured at low cost, the processing cost of the food residue 1 can be further reduced, and the reuse of the food residue 1 can be performed more smoothly.

[0029]

As described in detail above, the present invention has the following effects. That is, according to claim 1, the fermentation of the food residue is performed by mixing the food residue and the fermentation medium at a place where the food residue is generated to ferment the food residue, and the primary fermentation obtained by the primary fermentation. Accumulation of foods and secondary fermentation to further ferment them are performed separately, so that spoilage of food residues generated in restaurants and lunch centers and the generation of offensive odors due to spoilage are suppressed, and food residues are reduced. Fermentation time can be reduced until compost is obtained,
Moreover, by preventing the rot of the food residue,
Since the fermentation of food residue can be performed efficiently and reliably, a method for composting food residue from which compost having good quality can be obtained can be provided.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the food residue composting apparatus collects the food residue and performs the primary fermentation, and accumulates the primary fermented product obtained by the primary fermentation in the above. A secondary fermenter for performing a secondary fermentation for further fermenting and aging the food, the secondary fermenter for performing the primary fermentation and for performing the secondary fermentation is a food residue and the primary fermented product thereof. Mixing with the fermentation medium while circulating, and furthermore, for performing the primary fermentation, since the fermentation medium is stored in advance, faithfully realizes the method for composting the food residue. Residue can be provided.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a primary fermenter for performing a primary fermentation of food residues has a cylindrical airtight tank body rotatably supported, and the airtight tank body is provided. Is rotated from the outside, there is no need to arrange a circulating means or a stirring means for mixing the food residue and the fermentation medium in the airtight tank body,
Its structure is very simple, it can be formed at low cost at the same time as obtaining excellent airtightness, and it is configured so that the input of food residue and the discharge of primary fermentation can be done easily. , Can promote the installation in restaurants and catering centers, etc., and promote the spread of reuse of food residue as compost. In addition, secondary fermenters for performing secondary fermentation are integrated. Since a silo having a circulating means for circulating the primary fermentation product is used, a secondary fermentation of a larger amount of food residue can be performed, and since the silo has a circulating means, the accumulated primary The fermented product can be fermented uniformly, and a compost with stable quality can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a flow of processing in a method and an apparatus for composting food residue of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a primary fermenter.

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the primary fermenter.

FIG. 4 is a right side view of the primary fermenter.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing composting of food residue using the method and apparatus for composting food residue of the present invention and its use.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Food residue 2 Fermentation medium 3 Primary fermentation 4 Primary fermentation material 5 Secondary fermentation 6 Compost 7 Primary fermenter 8 Secondary fermenter 11 Airtight tank main body 12 Tank support / rotation means 13 Food residue input door 14 Primary fermentation material discharge Door 15 Peripheral wall of airtight tank body 31 Silo 32 Circulation means

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for composting food residue, wherein a fermentation medium is mixed with the food residue to ferment the food residue to obtain a compost from the food residue. A primary fermentation 3 in which a fermentation medium 2 is mixed with a food residue 1 at a place to ferment the food residue 1 and a primary fermentation product 4 obtained by the primary fermentation 3 are accumulated, and a secondary fermentation 5 is further fermented. And compost 6 is obtained from the food residue 1 through the primary fermentation 3 and the secondary fermentation 5. 2. A food residue composting apparatus for accommodating food residue and mixing the food residue with a fermentation medium, fermenting the food residue and obtaining compost from the food residue. The composting device integrates a primary fermenter 7 for collecting the food residue 1 and performing the primary fermentation 3 thereon, and a primary fermentation product 4 obtained by primary fermentation 3 in the primary fermenter 7. A secondary fermenter 8 for performing a secondary fermentation 5 for further fermenting the food residue 1. A primary fermenter 7 for performing the primary fermentation 3 of the food residue 1 and a secondary fermentation 5 for performing the primary fermentation 4 Each of the secondary fermenters 8 is for mixing with the fermentation medium 2 while circulating each of the food residue 1 and its primary ferment 4, and moreover, the primary fermenter 7 for performing the primary fermentation 3. Inside, the fermentation medium 2 is stored in advance, and the primary fermenter 7 The entrance is food residue 1 is fermented from immediately turned composting apparatus of food residue characterized by. 3. The primary fermenter 7 for performing the primary fermentation 3 of the food residue 1 supports a cylindrical airtight tank main body 11 and the airtight tank main body 11 from a peripheral wall 15 thereof. Tank support for rotating in the circumferential direction R
The airtight tank main body 11 is composed of a rotating means 12.
One end has a food residue input door 13 and the other end has a primary fermentation product discharge door 14 having an open end 16 of the hermetic tank body 11 as an opening.
A rotation support 21 that rotatably supports the airtight tank main body 11 in a circumferential direction R from a peripheral wall 15 thereof, and the airtight tank main body 1 rotatably supported by the rotation support 21.
1 comprises a driving means 22 for rotating the peripheral fermenter 1 from the peripheral wall 15 in the circumferential direction R. Further, the secondary fermenter 8 for performing the secondary fermentation 5 circulates the accumulated primary fermentation products 4. 3. The composting device for food residues according to claim 2, wherein the silo has a circulating means for causing the silos to flow.