JP2007314704A - Treating system for organic waste and temporary reservoir for organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treating system for organic wastes reducing frequency of collecting garbage and reducing pollution of sewage quality. <P>SOLUTION: The system comprises a disposer 4 which crushes garbage D installed on a source of garbage D such as an organization G for making lunches, and a temporary reservoir 6 for preserving the crushed garbage D which is crushed by the disposer 4, in sealed state. The constant amount of the garbage D preserved in the reservoir 6 is collected by a tank car T and transported to a garbage treating station R, and the garbage D is subjected to a methane fermentation in a methane fermentation apparatus 3 of the garbage treating station R to produce a biogas. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention collects organic waste such as garbage and manure and produces a biogas such as methane gas by anaerobic fermentation (methane fermentation), and temporarily treats the organic waste. The present invention relates to a temporary storage device for organic waste stored in a container.

For example, an organic waste treatment system that collects garbage generated from a canteen or a lunch center, etc., and produces biogas such as methane gas by treating the collected garbage with methane fermentation is known (for example, patents) Reference 1). In such a processing system, raw garbage generated in a cafeteria or a lunch center is put in a plastic tank or a plastic bag, and the plastic tank or plastic bag is collected by a garbage truck and transported to a garbage disposal site. Then, in the garbage treatment plant, the garbage is crushed by a crusher (disposer), and the garbage is methane-fermented by a methane fermentation facility (anaerobic fermentation facility) to generate biogas. That is, in the methane fermentation facility, a mixing tank and a methane fermentation tank are provided, and garbage is put into the mixing tank, mixed with sewage or steam, stirred, and solubilized (hydrolyzed). Thereafter, the garbage is separated into a liquid and a solid (foreign matter), and the separated garbage liquid is put into a methane fermentation tank, and methane fermentation is performed while supplying steam to generate methane gas and the like.
JP-A-11-300396

  By the way, in the organic waste treatment system as described above, the garbage was put in a plastic tank or plastic bag at the cafeteria or lunch center where the garbage was generated, and waited for the garbage collection by the collection vehicle. . Further, due to the generation (release) of bad odor from garbage and sanitary problems, it is necessary to collect garbage with a collection truck every day even if the amount of garbage is small. Similarly, to prevent the generation of bad odor from garbage and for hygiene problems, the garbage was drained and placed in a plastic tank or plastic bag. For this reason, there existed problems, such as the quality of sewage water being polluted by the waste water containing the organic component from garbage, and the burden (load) of a sewage treatment becoming large.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an organic waste treatment system and a temporary storage device for organic waste that can reduce the collection frequency of garbage and the like and can suppress pollution of sewage water. And

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 collects organic waste such as garbage and manure, and produces organic gas by anaerobic fermentation of the collected organic waste. A waste treatment system, in which the organic waste is crushed and the organic waste crushed by the crusher is stored in a sealed state and solubilized. A storage tank, the organic waste in the storage tank is sent to an anaerobic fermentation facility, and the organic waste is anaerobically fermented by the anaerobic fermentation facility to generate biogas. Yes.
(Function)
Organic waste generated at the source of organic waste is crushed by a crusher, and the crushed organic waste is stored in a storage tank and solubilized. Thereafter, the organic waste in the storage tank is sent to an anaerobic fermentation facility, and the organic waste is anaerobically fermented to generate biogas.

The invention according to claim 2 is the organic waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste sent from the storage tank is adjusted to moisture and temperature in the anaerobic fermentation facility. And an anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobically fermenting organic waste solubilized by the mixing tank.
(Function)
In the mixing tank, moisture and temperature are adjusted to promote solubilization of the organic waste, and in the subsequent anaerobic fermentation tank, the organic waste is anaerobically fermented to generate biogas.

Invention of Claim 3 is the temporary storage apparatus of the organic waste installed in the generation | occurrence | production source of organic wastes, such as garbage and excrement, and temporarily stores the said organic waste, Crusher for crushing organic waste, transport means for transporting organic waste crushed by this crusher, and storing and solubilizing organic waste transported by this transport means in a sealed state And a storage tank.
(Function)
Organic waste generated at the source of organic waste is crushed by a crusher of a temporary storage device, and the crushed organic waste is transported to a storage tank by a transport means. Then, the organic waste that has been transported is stored in a storage tank and solubilized.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the organic waste temporary storage apparatus according to the third aspect, the storage tank is provided with a stirring means for stirring the organic waste.
(Function)
The organic waste in the storage tank is stirred by the stirring means, and solubilization of the organic waste is promoted and homogenized.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since organic waste is stored in a storage tank in a sealed state at the source of organic waste, generation of malodor from organic waste, sanitary problems, etc. Is suppressed. For this reason, it is not necessary to send the organic waste to the anaerobic fermentation facility every day, and a certain amount of the organic waste can be stored in the storage tank to reduce the frequency of collection of the organic waste. Moreover, since generation | occurrence | production of malodor etc. are suppressed, it is not necessary to drain organic waste, and it can crush organic waste as it is with a crusher and can store it in a storage tank. As a result, wastewater from organic waste can be suppressed, contamination of sewage water quality can be suppressed, and the burden of sewage treatment can be reduced. Furthermore, the amount of makeup water used for moisture adjustment used in anaerobic fermentation facilities can be reduced, and organic components in organic waste water can be used effectively, that is, biogas can be generated. Can be promoted.

  In addition, since organic waste is crushed by a crusher and then stored in a storage tank, solubilization of organic waste is promoted at the source, shortening the anaerobic fermentation time in an anaerobic fermentation facility, Miniaturization is possible. Furthermore, since organic waste is crushed, it is possible to transfer organic waste in the storage tank to a tank truck (collection vehicle) by a pump and transport (send) it to an anaerobic fermentation facility using the tank vehicle. The cost of collecting and transporting organic waste can be reduced.

  According to invention of Claim 2, since solubilization of organic waste is accelerated | stimulated in a mixing tank, the anaerobic fermentation in a subsequent anaerobic fermentation tank is performed favorably, and biogas is produced | generated efficiently. be able to.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, by installing the temporary storage device at the source of the organic waste, a certain amount of the storage tank of the temporary storage device is provided in the same manner as in the invention described in claim 1. It can store organic waste and reduce the frequency of organic waste collection. In addition, since organic waste can be crushed by a crusher as it is without draining and stored in a storage tank, waste water from organic waste can be suppressed, contamination of sewage water can be suppressed, and The burden of sewage treatment can be reduced.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, since the solubilization of organic waste is promoted and homogenized by the stirring means, the subsequent anaerobic fermentation is performed well and homogeneously, and biogas is efficiently generated. It becomes possible to do.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the illustrated embodiments.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an organic waste treatment system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this organic waste treatment system 1, a temporary storage device 2 (a temporary storage device for organic waste) is installed in a feeding center G or the like, which is a source of garbage D (organic waste), and is disposed of as garbage. A methane fermentation facility 3 (anaerobic fermentation facility) is installed at the place R.

  The temporary storage device 2 is a device for temporarily storing the garbage D generated in the feeding center G or the like. As shown in FIG. 2, the disposer 4 (crusher) for crushing the garbage D, and this A transport unit 5 (transport means) that transports the garbage D crushed by the disposer 4 and a storage tank 6 that stores and solubilizes the garbage D transported by the transport unit 5 in a sealed state. Yes.

  The disposer 4 includes a container-like hopper 41, a screw cutter 42 that can rotate about its axis, and drive means (not shown) that rotates the screw cutter 42. When the garbage D and the water W1 as necessary are put into the hopper 41 and the screw cutter 42 is rotated, the garbage D is crushed by the screw cutter 42 and liquefied. The transport unit 5 includes an input pump 51, a suction pipe 52 that connects the suction port of the input pump 51 and the discharge port 41 a of the disposer 4, a discharge port of the input pump 51, and an input port 61 b of the storage tank 6. And a discharge pipe 53 to be connected. When the input pump 51 is driven, the garbage D crushed by the disposer 4 is input (transported) into the storage tank 6 through the suction pipe 52 and the discharge pipe 53.

  The storage tank 6 includes a tank main body 61 that stores the garbage D, and a stirring unit 62 (stirring means) that stirs the garbage D in the tank main body 61. The tank main body 61 is a circular tubular sealed type, is made of a heat insulating material, and can store the garbage D in a sealed and heat-retaining state. In addition, a deodorizer 63 that deodorizes the odor from the garbage D and a level meter 64 that measures the amount of garbage D stored are installed on the upper lid 61 a of the tank body 61. The stirring unit 62 connects the stirring pump 621, the suction pipe 622 connecting the suction port of the stirring pump 621 and the discharge port 61c of the tank body 61, and the discharge port of the stirring pump 621 and the stirring port 61d of the tank body 61. And a discharge pipe 623. A first valve 624 is attached to the suction pipe 622, a second valve 625 is attached to the discharge pipe 623, and a branch pipe 626 is branched and connected to the discharge pipe 623. A three-valve 627 is attached. When the first valve 624 and the second valve 625 are opened and the agitation pump 621 is driven with the third valve 627 closed, the garbage D in the tank main body 61 causes the suction pipe 622 and the discharge pipe 623 to pass through. The garbage D in the tank body 61 is stirred up and down. When the first valve 624 and the third valve 627 are opened and the agitation pump 621 is driven with the second valve 625 closed, the garbage D in the tank main body 61 causes the suction pipe 622 and the branch pipe 626 to pass through. To be released outside. At this time, for example, the garbage D in the tank body 61 is transferred into the tank of the tank truck T by connecting the tip (free end) of the branch pipe 626 to the tank of the tank truck T. Such a storage tank 6 can be installed in the feeding center G and the like, and is set to a size capable of storing a certain amount of garbage D, for example, garbage D generated in one week.

  The methane fermentation facility 3 mixes the raw garbage D sent from the storage tank 6 with water and temperature solubilized so as to solubilize the raw garbage D solubilized by the mixing tank 7 with methane fermentation (anaerobic). Methane fermentation tank 8 (anaerobic fermentation tank) to be fermented). As shown in FIG. 3, the mixing tank 7 includes a sealed tubular tank body 71 and a stirrer 72 for stirring the garbage D in the tank body 71. Garbage D is introduced into the tank body 71 through the introduction port 71a, and supply water W2 including sewage and clean water and steam S1 are supplied. The stirrer 72 includes a stirring bar 722 that is rotated about the axis by a motor 721, and the garbage D is stirred by the rotation of the stirring bar 722. And supply water W2 and steam S1 adjust moisture and temperature, solubilization (hydrolysis) of garbage D is promoted, and garbage D is agitated by stirrer 72. By doing so, the garbage D is solubilized in a good and homogeneous manner. A mixing tank pump 73 is provided at the lower end of the tank body 71, and the solubilized garbage D in the tank body 71 is put into the methane fermentation tank 8 by the mixing tank pump 73. In addition, the foreign material (solid substance) in the tank main body 71 is discharged | emitted from the foreign material discharge port 71b.

  The methane fermentation tank 8 includes a sealed tubular tank body 81 and a circulation pump 82 for circulating the garbage D in the tank body 81. The tank body 81 is configured such that the garbage D from the mixing tank 7 is input from the input port 81a and the steam S2 is supplied thereto. The circulation pump 82 circulates the garbage D in the tank main body 81 and agitates the garbage D in the tank main body 81 in the vertical direction, similarly to the stirring pump 621 of the agitation unit 62 described above. And while the garbage D in the tank main body 81 and the steam S2 are mixed and circulated (stirred) by the circulation pump 82, the garbage D is subjected to acid fermentation and methane fermentation to produce biogas such as methane gas. Is. The generated biogas is discharged from the gas exhaust port 81b of the tank body 81 and stored in the gas holder 9 through a desulfurization unit (not shown) or the like. In addition, the digested sludge in the tank main body 81 is discharged | emitted from the sludge discharge port 81c.

  Next, the processing operation of the organic waste processing system 1 having such a configuration will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, when garbage D generate | occur | produces from the lunch center G etc. (step S1), the garbage D is stored in the temporary storage apparatus 2 (step S2). At this time, when the garbage D is put into the disposer 4 of the temporary storage device 2 as it is, the garbage D is crushed and liquefied by the disposer 4 as described above, and the crushed garbage D is stored by the transport unit 5. It is transported into the tank 6. And garbage D is solubilized (hydrolyzed) by storing garbage D in the storage tank 6 in a sealed and heat-retaining state. Next, after a certain amount of garbage D is stored in the temporary storage device 2, the tank truck T visits each feeding center G and the like, and the garbage D in the storage tank 6 is turned into the tank truck T as described above. The garbage D is transferred and collected (step S3), and the garbage D is transported (sent) to the methane fermentation facility 3 of the waste treatment plant R. Next, as described above, the garbage D is solubilized in the mixing tank 7 of the methane fermentation facility 3 (step S4), and the garbage D is methane-fermented in the subsequent methane fermentation tank 8 to generate biogas. (Step S5).

  As described above, according to the organic waste treatment system 1, the garbage D is stored in the storage tank 6 of the temporary storage device 2 in a sealed state in the feeding center G or the like. Occurrence and hygiene problems are suppressed. For this reason, it is not necessary to collect the garbage D every day and transport it to the garbage disposal station R, and a certain amount of the garbage D can be stored in the storage tank 6 to reduce the collection frequency of the garbage D. For example, conventionally, it has been necessary to collect every day regardless of the amount of garbage D, but it is sufficient to collect about once a week. Moreover, since generation | occurrence | production of malodor etc. are suppressed, it is not necessary to drain the garbage D, and the garbage D can be crushed with the disposer 4 as it is and stored in the storage tank 6 as described above. As a result, waste water from the garbage D is suppressed, contamination of the sewage water quality can be suppressed, and the burden of sewage treatment can be reduced. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the amount of the replenishing water W2 for water adjustment used in the mixing tank 7 of the methane fermentation facility 3, and to effectively use the organic components in the water of the garbage D, that is, bio Gas generation can be promoted and increased.

  Moreover, since food waste D is crushed by the disposer 4 and stored in the storage tank 6 and is stored in a sealed and heat-retaining state, solubilization of the food waste D is promoted in the feeding center G and the like. As a result, the methane fermentation time in the methane fermentation facility 3 can be shortened and the facility (mixing tank 7) can be downsized. Further, since the garbage D is crushed into a liquid state, the garbage D in the storage tank 6 is transferred to the tank truck T by the agitation pump 621 and transported to the garbage disposal site R by the tank truck T as described above. (Send) and the cost of collecting and transporting garbage D can be reduced.

  Furthermore, since the garbage D in the tank main body 61 is agitated by the stirring unit 62 of the storage tank 6 and solubilization of the garbage D is promoted and homogenized, the methane fermentation in the subsequent methane fermentation facility 3 is good and Done homogeneously. Moreover, since the methane fermentation facility 3 includes the mixing tank 7 and the methane fermentation tank 8 and the solubilization of the garbage D is further promoted in the mixing tank 7, methane fermentation in the subsequent methane fermentation tank 8 is favorably performed. Biogas can be generated efficiently.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention, Included in the invention. For example, in this embodiment, the methane fermentation facility 3 includes the mixing tank 7 and the methane fermentation tank 8, but depending on the degree of solubilization of the garbage D in the storage tank 6 of the temporary storage device 2, The mixing tank 7 may not be provided. Moreover, although the conveyance means in the temporary storage apparatus 2 is comprised by the above conveyance units 5, you may comprise by a screw conveyor etc. Further, in the present embodiment, the garbage D from the feeding center G or the like is sent (transported) to the garbage processing place R by the tanker truck T, but the temporary storage device 2 such as the feeding center G and the garbage processing place. It is also possible to connect R with a pipeline and send the garbage D to the waste treatment plant R via this pipeline.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the processing system of the organic waste concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the temporary storage apparatus in the processing system of the organic waste concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the methane fermentation installation in the processing system of the organic waste concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the processing operation | movement flow of the processing system of the organic waste concerning embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Organic waste treatment system 2 Temporary storage device (Temporary storage device for organic waste)
3 Methane fermentation equipment (anaerobic fermentation equipment)
4 Disposer
5 Transport unit (transportation means)
6 Storage tank 62 Stirring unit (stirring means)
621 Stirring pump 622 Suction pipe 623 Discharge pipe 63 Deodorizer 64 Level meter 7 Mixing tank 8 Methane fermentation tank (anaerobic fermentation tank)
9 Gas Holder D Garbage (Organic Waste)
G School lunch center (source of organic waste)
R Garbage treatment plant T Tank truck

Claims (4)

An organic waste treatment system that collects organic waste such as garbage and manure, and anaerobic fermentation of the collected organic waste to produce biogas,
The source of the organic waste includes a crusher that crushes the organic waste, and a storage tank that stores and solubilizes the organic waste crushed by the crusher in a sealed state,
Organic waste processing in which the organic waste in the storage tank is sent to an anaerobic fermentation facility, and the organic waste is anaerobically fermented by the anaerobic fermentation facility to generate biogas. system.   In the anaerobic fermentation facility, the organic waste sent from the storage tank is solubilized by adjusting the moisture and temperature, and the organic waste solubilized by the mixing tank is anaerobically fermented. An organic waste treatment system according to claim 1, comprising: an anaerobic fermentation tank. A temporary storage device for organic waste that is installed at a source of organic waste such as garbage and manure, and temporarily stores the organic waste,
A crusher for crushing the organic waste, a transport means for transporting the organic waste crushed by the crusher, and the organic waste transported by the transport means can be stored in a sealed state. A temporary storage device for organic waste, comprising: a storage tank for solubilization. The temporary storage device for organic waste according to claim 3, wherein the storage tank is provided with stirring means for stirring the organic waste.

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