JPH10166240A - Injection nozzle of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve cooling efficiency by providing a flow rectifying plate rectifying fluid flowing in the hole of an injection nozzle, reducing the injection angle of coolant injected from the tip of the nozzle and concentratedly injecting coolant on a portion to be worked of a work piece and a tool. SOLUTION: A flow rectifying plate 11 rectifying flow of coolant is formed by thin plates of metal and resin, etc., is provided in parallel with the center axis O of a hole 1b of a nozzle l and evenly bisects a section except a part of the tip side of the hole 1b. By providing the flow rectifying plate 4 within the hole 1b of the nozzle 1, coolant supplied from a coolant flowing path on the side of a machine tool main body to the nozzle 1 becomes a turbulent flow state within the hole 1b and flows toward the tip of the nozzle l. Coolant is rectified while coolant is flowed along the flow rectifying plate 4 within the hole 1b and injected from the tip of the nozzle 1 to a portion to be worked at a proper injection angle.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an injection nozzle for a machine tool capable of intensively injecting a fluid (coolant) such as a cutting agent or a grinding agent to a processing portion between a workpiece and a tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In cutting or grinding,
Generally, a coolant such as a cutting agent or a grinding agent is injected into a processing portion in order to remove heat, chips, and the like generated at a processing portion of a workpiece. By the way, the following configuration is known as an injection nozzle (hereinafter referred to as a nozzle) for injecting the coolant to a processing portion between a workpiece and a tool. That is, a front cover is attached to the front end of the spindle head that rotatably supports the spindle,
In the front cover, a coolant flow passage for flowing the coolant is formed in a substantially U-shape when viewed from the front.

In the front cover, a plurality of nozzles are arranged at predetermined intervals along the coolant flow passage. The nozzle is formed with a hole communicating with the coolant flow passage, so that the coolant supplied from the coolant flow passage can be jetted from the tip of the nozzle protruding from the front cover. Further, the nozzle is swingably attached to the front cover, and by adjusting the direction of the nozzle, the coolant can be accurately injected to the processing portion between the workpiece and the tool.

[0004]

However, the coolant is supplied to one side (supply side) of the U-shaped coolant passage.
During the flow from the nozzle to the other side (discharge side), the direction of the flow is suddenly changed at the portion where the nozzle is provided, and the nozzle is jetted from the tip of the nozzle. Therefore, the coolant supply conditions vary for each nozzle. For example, in the nozzle located on the upstream side of the coolant flow passage and the nozzle located on the downstream side,
The pressure (back pressure) of the coolant flowing into the nozzle is different, and the conditions for generating a vortex generated when the coolant changes direction and flows into the nozzle are also different.

[0005] Therefore, there is a problem that the amount of the coolant injected from the tip of the nozzle (injection speed) and the injection angle (spread angle of the coolant) vary from nozzle to nozzle and are not uniform. In particular, as the spray angle of the coolant sprayed from the tip of the nozzle increases, the coolant is diffused, so that the coolant cannot be accurately supplied to the processing portion, and the efficiency is low. Such a problem is caused by the turbulent flow of the coolant flowing into the nozzle by largely changing the direction of the flow from the coolant flow passage, so that the capacity of the supply source for supplying the coolant, for example, the capacity of the pump, is reduced. Enlarging it does not solve the problem.

The above-mentioned turbulent flow can also be suppressed by changing the nozzle mounting angle or the ratio of the total length of the nozzle to the internal diameter of the nozzle hole. It is extremely difficult to properly adjust the angle and the like, and each time the workpiece or tool is changed, these must be appropriately adjusted, which causes a problem that it takes time and labor and increases the processing cost. . further,
Although it is conceivable to extend the nozzle from the front cover and position the tip thereof in the vicinity of the processing part, the processing part differs depending on a workpiece or a tool, and a tool, a workpiece, an automatic tool changer ( It is necessary to avoid interference with ATC, and there is a problem that it takes time and effort to position the tip of the nozzle at the optimum position.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to effectively rectify a coolant flowing in an injection nozzle, thereby injecting a coolant injected from a tip of the nozzle. The angle can be reduced, and the coolant can be intensively injected into the processing portion even when the processing portion of the nozzle, the workpiece, and the tool is separated,
Further, an object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost injection nozzle of a machine tool with a simple configuration capable of uniformly injecting coolant from a plurality of injection nozzles.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an injection nozzle of a machine tool according to the present invention uses a fluid such as a cutting agent supplied from a fluid flow passage provided on a machine tool main body side. An injection nozzle of a machine tool that injects a workpiece and a tool toward a processing portion, wherein a flow straightening plate that straightens the flow of the fluid flowing through the injection nozzle is provided in a hole of the injection nozzle. It is characterized by being provided parallel to the axis. The current plate may be provided in parallel with the axis of the hole of the injection nozzle, and may be configured to equally divide the entire length of the hole or a partial section of the hole. Further, the rectifying plate may be configured as a plurality of rectifying plates arranged radially along a radial direction of a hole of the injection nozzle. Also,
A resilient means for repelling the inner peripheral surface is provided on at least one side of the rectifying plate abutting the inner peripheral surface of the hole of the injection nozzle,
You may comprise so that the said straightening plate may be hold | maintained in the said hole by the resilience of this resilience means.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a longitudinal sectional view of a nozzle provided with a flow straightening plate in a hole, and (b) is a cross-sectional view in which the nozzle is cut in the XX direction of (a). FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the nozzle in this embodiment. The nozzle 1 is swingably attached to the base 2 via a spherical attachment member 3 so that the jetting direction of the coolant can be freely changed. The rectifying plate 4 for rectifying the flow of the coolant is formed of a thin plate of metal, resin, or the like, is provided in parallel with the central axis O of the hole 1b of the nozzle 1, and has a section excluding a part of the tip side of the hole 1b. It is divided equally into two.

As shown in FIG. 2, at the rear end of the nozzle 1,
Two cuts 1a, 1a are formed at opposing positions on an axis orthogonal to the central axis O of the hole 1b of the nozzle 1. On the other hand, at the rear end of the rectifying plate 4, engagement projections 4 a, 4 a engaging with the cuts 1 a, 1 a are provided so as to protrude.
The current plate 4 is inserted into the hole 1b so that the holes a and 4a are engaged with the cuts 1a and 1a. Then, the engaging projections 4a, 4a
May be fixed to the nozzle 1 by, for example, soldering to the nozzle 1. Further, the width k of the current plate 4 is formed so as to be equal to the inner diameter d of the hole 1b of the nozzle 1, and the long parallel side of the current plate 4 inserted into the hole 1b is the hole 1b.
(See FIG. 1B).

Further, the length 1 of the current plate 4 is formed to be slightly shorter than the total length L of the nozzle 1, so that the tip of the current plate 4 is located inside the hole 1b with respect to the tip of the nozzle 1. (See FIG. 1A). Of course, the current plate 4 is extended to the tip of the nozzle 1 (that is, the current plate 4
The total length 1 of the nozzle 1 is matched with the total length L of the nozzle 1).
The flow of the coolant may be rectified by the flow rectifying plate 4 over the entire length of the coolant.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the nozzle 1 for explaining the operation of the current plate 4 in the first embodiment. By providing the flow straightening plate 4 in the hole 1b of the nozzle 1, the nozzle 1
Is supplied to the nozzle 1 in a turbulent state and flows toward the tip of the nozzle 1. The coolant is rectified while flowing along the flow straightening plate 4 in the hole 1b, and is sprayed from the tip of the nozzle 1 toward the processing portion at an appropriate spray angle α.

Next, another embodiment of the nozzle of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6 relate to another embodiment of the nozzle of the present invention. In FIGS. 4 and 6, (A) is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle, and (B) is an exploded perspective view of the nozzle. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of (eight in this embodiment) rectifying plates 6, 6,... Are arranged in the circumferential direction from the inner peripheral surface of the hole 5b of the nozzle 5 toward the central axis O of the hole 5b. They are provided radially at equal intervals. The current plates 6, 6,... Are integrally mounted on a ring-shaped member 6b having the same shape and size as the cross-sectional shape of the nozzle 5. At the rear end of the nozzle 5, cuts 5a, 5a similar to those of the first embodiment are formed.
Engagement protrusions 6a, 6a engaging with a, 5a are formed on rectifying plates 6, 6, which are attached at positions facing the ring-shaped member 6b. The rectifying plates 6, 6,... Cut the engaging projections 6a, 6a in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment. The nozzle 5 can be fixed to the nozzle 5 by engaging it with the nozzle 5a, inserting it into the hole 5b, and soldering the engaging projections 6a, 6a to the nozzle 5.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a further embodiment of the nozzle of FIG. 4, with a part cut away. In this embodiment, the rear end of the hole 5b 'of the nozzle 5' is formed as a hole 5c 'having a larger diameter than the hole 5b', and a cylindrical body 6b 'which can be fitted into the large diameter hole 5c'. Rectifier plates 6 ', 6',... Are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hole 6c '. By inserting the cylindrical body 6b 'into the hole 5c' until the tip comes into contact with the stepped portion 5d 'between the hole 5c' and the hole 5b ', the flow straightening plates 6', 6 ',. ′. With such a configuration, the cuts 5a, 5a (FIG. 4) described in the previous embodiment are formed in the nozzle 5 '.
) Is not required, and the processing of the nozzle 5 is facilitated. In the nozzles 5 and 5 'configured as described above, the coolant near the inner peripheral surface caused by the coolant peeling off from the inner peripheral surface of the hole 5b of the nozzle 5 or the inner peripheral surface of the hole 6c' of the cylindrical body 6b '. The turbulent flow is effectively rectified and the holes 5b, 6
reduce the speed difference of the coolant along the radial direction of c ′,
The injection angle α (see FIG. 3) of the coolant injected from the tips of the nozzles 5 and 5 ′ can be reduced.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, two opposed long sides excluding a part of the tip are bent into a U-shape to form bent thin plates 8a, 8a. 7 is fitted in the hole 7b. The tip of the hole 7b of the nozzle 7 is formed as a hole 7c having a smaller diameter than the hole 7b, and the tip of the current plate 8 is formed as a narrow portion 8c having the same width as the inner diameter of the small hole 7c. ing. In this current plate 8, the bent portions 8a, 8a act as springs to press and fix the current plate 8 against the inner peripheral surface of the hole 7b by its resilient force.

In this embodiment, the current plate 8 is connected to the nozzle 7
To be attached to the narrow width portion 8c and the bent portions 8a, 8a.
Between the hole 7b and the hole 7c.
The current plate 8 may be inserted into the hole 7b until it comes into contact with d. As a result, the bent portions 8a, 8a of the current plate 8 repel the inner peripheral surface of the hole 7b to fix the current plate 8 in the hole 7b, so that the cuts 5a, 5a, 5 (see FIG. 4) need not be formed. Also,
The stepped portion between the narrow portion 8c and the bent portions 8a, 8a comes into contact with the stepped portion 7d between the hole 7b and the hole 7c.
There is no need to move within. Also in this embodiment, as in the embodiment described above, the coolant is rectified while flowing along the rectifying plate 8, and is injected at a predetermined injection angle α (see FIG. 3).

While the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described by way of example, it is by no means limited by this embodiment of the present invention. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a plurality of rectifying plates 6, 6,... Or rectifying plates 6 ', 6',... Are arranged at equal intervals along the inner peripheral surfaces of the holes 5b, 6c '. However, each of the rectifying plates 6, 6
.. Or the rectifying plates 6 ', 6' .. are extended to the central axis O, and the rectifying plates 6, 6 .. or the rectifying plates 6 ', 6' ..
The holes 5a and 6c 'may be equally divided into a plurality of holes. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the bent portions 8a, 8a are formed on two long sides of the straightening plate 8 as means for resiliently baffling the straightening plate 8 on the inner peripheral surface of the hole 7b. However, the bent portion 8a may be formed on only one of the two long sides, and is not limited to the above-described means as long as the inner peripheral surface of the hole 7b can be resilient.

[0018]

According to the spray nozzle of the present invention, the flow straightening plate rectifies the fluid flowing through the hole of the spray nozzle, so that the spray angle of the coolant sprayed from the nozzle tip can be reduced, and the work piece and the work piece can be cooled. The coolant can be intensively sprayed to the machining area of the tool, so that the workpiece and the tool can be efficiently cooled. In addition, by providing the rectifying plate radially, the rectifying effect of the fluid by the rectifying plate can be further enhanced. Furthermore, by bending both ends so as to fit the straightening plate into the nozzle, it is possible to easily attach the straightening plate and to provide a nozzle having a high straightening effect at an extremely low cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a nozzle provided with a flow straightening plate in a hole according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a nozzle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view for explaining the operation of the nozzle of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4B is an exploded perspective view of the nozzle.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a partially broken nozzle according to still another embodiment of the embodiment of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6B is an exploded perspective view of the nozzle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 O Central axis 1,5,7 Nozzle 1b, 5b, 7b Hole 1a Cut 2 Base 3 Mounting member 4,6,6 ', 8 Rectifier plate 8a Bend

Claims (4)

[Claims] An injection nozzle of a machine tool for injecting a fluid such as a cutting agent supplied from a fluid flow passage provided on a machine tool main body side toward a processing portion between a workpiece and a tool, An injection nozzle for a machine tool, wherein a rectifying plate for rectifying the flow of the fluid flowing through the injection nozzle is provided in the hole of the injection nozzle in parallel with the axis of the hole. 2. The rectifying plate is provided in parallel with an axis of a hole of the injection nozzle, and divides the entire length of the hole or a partial section of the hole evenly. An injection nozzle for the machine tool according to claim 1. 3. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the rectifying plates are radially arranged along a radial direction of a hole of the injection nozzle. Injection nozzle. 4. A resilient means for repelling the inner peripheral surface is provided on at least one side of the rectifying plate in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the hole of the injection nozzle, and the resilient force of the resilient means provides the resilient force in the hole. The injection nozzle of a machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the current plate is held.