JPH10156651A - Method and device for fixing workpiece - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fixing device capable of reliably positioning and fixing a workpiece (a long material) with the optional attitude in relation to the section, and capable of horizontally arranging the horizontal part on the section according to machining. SOLUTION: A receiving table for supporting a workpiece and a main clamper 15a and an auxiliary clamper 15b are mounted on a rotational body 8 in relation to a machine frame 1. The main clamper and the auxiliary clamper are provided with pressing parts 20a, 20b to be advanced and retreated in the direction approximately perpendicular to the receiving surface 14a of the receiving table, and the pressing part 20b of the auxiliary camper 15b is made into a balloon shape.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for fixing a workpiece when processing the workpiece and a fixing device using such a fixing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When machining a workpiece with a machine tool,
Generally, the workpiece must be fixed in place with a fixing device. One type of such a fixing device is to press and fix a workpiece placed on a cradle. This has a relatively simple structure and a secure fixing state, but the workpiece is deformed by the pressing force or the surface is scratched. In addition, if the portion to be pressed is inclined at a large angle with respect to the advancing and retreating direction of the pressing portion, the pressing force cannot work well, or depending on the shape of the workpiece, it is fixed by pressing from the outside. Some methods do not work.

[0003] Most extruded aluminum alloy materials used for building materials are a combination of a horizontal portion and a vertical portion in the cross-sectional shape, but the overall cross-sectional shape is poor in symmetry. When such a long material (workpiece) is naturally placed on a horizontal surface, it is often stable in a state where the horizontal or vertical surface is oblique due to the balance. When the long material in this state is fixed as it is with a clamper with pressing parts parallel in the vertical and front and rear directions, the hard pressing part of the clamper hits the corner of the long material and the contact between the long material and the mounting surface Since the portion is linear and often narrow, it is not possible to obtain a sufficient fixing force with the mounting surface. For this reason, the position may shift due to a slight vibration or an external force due to contact with a tool. If the pressing force is increased to solve this problem, there is a possibility that the cross-sectional shape of the long material is deformed.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 10, the auxiliary block c is arranged so that the cross section of the long material b placed on the horizontal plane a is horizontal in the horizontal part and vertical in the vertical part. Are moved in parallel to determine the position. However, with this method, as shown in FIGS. 10A to 10D, every time the surface on which the molding material is processed is changed, a different auxiliary block must be relocated to a different position, which is very troublesome. The setup time has increased during processing. Also, it makes automatic clamping of long materials difficult.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus which do not deform a workpiece, do not damage the surface of the workpiece, and can easily fix a workpiece having a complicated shape in a fixed position. The workpiece (e.g., a long material), which is naturally placed and has an arbitrary posture with respect to the cross section, can be reliably fixed in position as it is, and the workpiece thus fixed in arbitrary posture can be fixed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fixing device capable of arranging a horizontal portion or a vertical portion on a cross section of a workpiece in a horizontal or vertical direction according to processing, and a device for fixing a workpiece using the fixing device.

[0006]

A balloon is employed as a pressing portion for pressing a workpiece of a fixing device. The balloon is made of a synthetic rubber such as chloroprene rubber and is durable, and is attached to the tip of a clamper driven by air pressure, hydraulic pressure, or another actuator. There are various forms, such as a sphere and a disc, depending on the application. There are cases where air is sealed inside and the size is constant, and cases where expansion and contraction are possible by connecting to a supply / exhaust device.

A clamper having a balloon as a pressing portion for pressing a workpiece makes a single balloon simultaneously contact two intersecting surfaces of the workpiece so that the two surfaces intersect at an angle of two dividing lines. By pressing toward the intersection line of the two surfaces, the position in two orthogonal directions can be simultaneously determined by one clamper. The same applies to the case where the workpiece has three intersecting surfaces. In addition, by inflating a balloon in a contracted state that has been entered from a narrow entrance of the workpiece inside, an obstacle (deformation, etc.) when the workpiece having a narrow entrance is pressed from the inner surface and directly pressed from the outside is prevented. Can be avoided.

The device basically includes a cradle and a clamper. The cradle is for arranging the workpiece, and there are various forms such as a single plane and an intersection of two planes. The clamper has a pressing portion, and at least one pressing portion is a balloon. The clamper is a mechanism for holding down a workpiece, and may be provided with two clampers as one set.

More specifically, the structure includes a machine frame, a rotating body, a cradle, a main clamper, and an auxiliary clamper. In addition, regarding the structure, the orthogonal coordinates of the XYZ axes are set. A rotating body is provided on the machine frame so as to be rotatable and positionable about the Y axis in the XZ plane, and a cradle for supporting the workpiece, the present clamper and the auxiliary clamper are mounted on the rotating body. That is, the cradle, the main clamper and the auxiliary clamper rotate together with the rotating body.

The driving of the rotating body is performed by a control device capable of instructing the rotational position and a driving device such as a stepping motor that rotates a predetermined angle based on the instruction. The operation of the present clamper and the auxiliary clamper is performed by an actuator having an air pressure or a hydraulic cylinder. In the auxiliary clamper, a pipe for supplying air to a balloon at the tip is provided.

The operation of the fixing device, such as the timing of rotating the rotating body, the expansion / contraction timing of the present clamper and the auxiliary clamper, may be manually operated in a predetermined procedure, or may be performed by the entire processing apparatus including the machine tool. It may be under the control of a control device. The cradle and the clamper (this clamper and the auxiliary clamper) may be changed to a structure in which the cradle and the clamper are attached to a rotating body. it can. The cradle has a receiving surface parallel to the XY plane, and the present clamper and the auxiliary clamper each include a pressing portion that advances and retreats in a direction substantially orthogonal to the receiving surface of the cradle. The receiving surface supports the workpiece.

The pressing portion of the auxiliary clamper is a balloon.
The balloon has a structure in which air is filled in a bag made of a thick, flexible synthetic rubber (such as chloroprene rubber), and is sufficient for transmitting a pressing force and has sufficient deformability for unevenness. In some cases, an air pressure adjusting function is provided to obtain an optimal holding force for holding a work. The pressing portion of the present clamper is made of a hard synthetic resin or the like as in the related art, and can exert a strong pressing force.

The workpiece is placed on the receiving surface, and a natural state is achieved in which the posture is stable with respect to the cross section. The present clamper and the auxiliary clamper are operated to position the workpiece as it is. The current posture of the cross section of the workpiece is determined, and the rotating body is rotated to set the surface (horizontal portion or vertical portion) to be processed to be horizontal or vertical. In addition, horizontal or vertical,
This depends on the orientation of the tool of the machine tool to be machined. For example, the drill tool is arranged horizontally when it is vertically above, and vertically when it is horizontally and horizontally. In short, since the orientation of the receiving surface is arbitrary depending on the rotating body, the orientation of the horizontal portion and the vertical portion of the workpiece may be determined not only in the horizontal and vertical directions but also in the machining direction of the tool.

When the rotating body is used to determine the attitude with respect to the cross section of the workpiece, or when the attitude is determined and machining is performed by a tool, the clamper presses the workpiece against the receiving surface with a hard pressing portion. The required clamping force for positioning is secured, while the auxiliary clamper presses the workpiece over a wide area according to the unevenness of the workpiece with the flexible elastic surface of the balloon, and the force due to vibration and tool contact This prevents the position of the workpiece from being easily shifted.

The pedestal may have a receiving surface parallel to the XY plane and a receiving surface parallel to the YZ plane. In response to this, the clamper corresponds to a receiving surface parallel to the XY plane and a receiving surface parallel to the YZ plane as first and second clampers. 1st, 2nd
Each of the clampers includes a main clamper and an auxiliary clamper.

The workpiece placed on the pedestal is pressed by the first clamper from the Z direction and by the second clamper from the X direction, respectively, by the main clamper and the auxiliary clamper, thereby performing more reliable positioning. Will be There may be a device for supplying and discharging air to and from the balloon. According to this, by inflating the balloon at the time of the pressing operation of the auxiliary clamper, it is possible to increase the contact area between the workpiece and the pressing portion, or to make the pressing portion intrude from the narrow opening portion and inflate the inside, thereby more stable. The pressing position can be selected.

In some cases, the present clamper and the auxiliary clamper may be selected to be individually operable. In other words, in some cases, positioning and fixing may be sufficient with only this clamper or auxiliary clamper.
Useless operation of the fixing device can be suppressed, and setup time can be reduced.

In some cases, the cradle can be moved forward and backward with respect to the rotating body in the radial direction of the rotating body. With this configuration, the worktable can be moved near the periphery of the rotating body to receive the workpiece, and then moved to a predetermined center position, so that the workpiece can be easily mounted on the fixing device, Also,
At the time of machining, it is located near the center of rotation of the rotating body,
When changing the posture of the workpiece with respect to the cross section, the displacement based on the rotation is small, the adjustment of other parts related to the processing is small, and the setup time can be reduced. In addition, the outer shape of the rotating body is not limited to a circular shape, and various forms may be available. Therefore, the radial direction means a direction along one straight line passing through the rotation axis of the rotating body.

A plurality of such fixing devices are provided on a machine base so as to be movable and positionable in the Y-axis direction, and may be combined as a fixing table device for fixing a workpiece. This device can be used as a workpiece processing device in combination with a machine tool. The machine tool is usually a drill, a cutter, or a press device, and its tool is provided above or on the side of the machine base so as to be movable at least in the Z-axis direction or the X-axis direction. Since the fixing device is integrated with the machine tool as a processing device, the positional relationship between the fixing device and the machine tool is stable, and the workpiece can be machined more accurately. The fixed base device can be conveniently used even when the workpiece is manually processed without being combined with the machine tool.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment, in which a receiving stand 14 is fixed to the machine base side, and a workpiece 5 bent in an L-shape is mounted on the receiving stand 14. That is, the workpiece 5
Has two surfaces, a vertical surface v and a horizontal surface h, which are two intersecting surfaces. Reference numeral 15 denotes a clamper, and the pressing portion 20b at the tip is a balloon. The pressing portion 20b can move forward and backward with respect to the receiving portion 14 by the expansion and contraction of the piston 15b by air pressure.

The balloon is made of chloroprene rubber, and is fixed to the tip of a piston 15b by a screw-type bush 15a as shown in FIG. The piston 15b has an air flow passage 15c penetrating in the axial direction, and is connected to the air supply port B of the switching valve 29 in the air supply / exhaust mechanism 28. The switching valve 29 has four ports and three positions. At the second position in FIG. 5, air is supplied from the pump p to expand the balloon, and at the I position, the balloon is maintained in the expanded state. In the third position, the air of the balloon is released to the outside air through ports B and D, and the balloon contracts. The switching valve 29 is controlled by a sequencer or the like provided in the clamper.

When the switching valve 29 is in the third position and the balloon is contracted, the axis of the clamper 15 is made coincident with the two-part line q at the angle where the vertical plane v and the horizontal plane h of the workpiece 5 intersect. The clamper 15 is fixed with the center of the upper part of the workpiece 5 above. The switching valve 29 is set to the second position, and the balloon is inflated. Then, the balloon contacts both the vertical plane v and the horizontal plane h of the workpiece at the same time. Next, the piston 15b of the clamper 15 is extended to move the balloon to the workpiece 5.
, And the workpiece 5 is securely fixed to the receiving table 14. At this time, the force from the direction of the dividing line q to the intersection line between the vertical plane v and the horizontal plane h of the workpiece 5 is the vertical plane v and the horizontal plane h.
And the workpiece 5 can be fixed at once in the vertical and horizontal directions.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment in which a building material is fixed as a workpiece 5 to a cradle 14 using a first clamper 15 and a second clamper 16. The workpiece 5 is composed of surface portions that intersect at right angles to each other, but since they are placed on the cradle 14 in a natural state, these surface portions It is in an inclined state. The axis of the first clamper 15 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the cradle 14, and the axis of the second clamper 16 is perpendicular to the vertical plane of the cradle 14. Pressing portion 20 of first clamper 15 and second clamper 16
Both b and 21b are balloons.

As shown in the figure, the balloons of the pressing portions 20b and 21b are applied to the portions of the surface portions of the workpiece 5 that intersect at right angles to each other, and when pressed, forces are applied vertically and horizontally at the respective portions. The work 5 is actuated and fixed to the cradle 14. In this case, the workpiece 5 can be stably fixed from outside regardless of the complicated form of the workpiece 5. Further, the pressing portions 20b, 21b for the workpiece 5
Since the pressing contact area is large, the form of the workpiece 5 is not deformed.

FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment, in which a workpiece 5 having a narrow entrance and a large space inside is fixed to a receiving base 14 with a first clamper 15 and a second clamper 16. I have. The first clamper 15 is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the cradle 14, the balloon is provided at the tip as a pressing portion 20 b, and the second clamper 16 is arranged at right angles to the vertical plane of the cradle 14. Is provided with a balloon as a pressing portion 21b.

The second clamper 16 contracts the balloon, enters the workpiece 5 from the entrance of the workpiece 5 disposed on the cradle 14, fixes the position, and then sends air from the supply / exhaust mechanism. To inflate the balloon. Then, the inflated balloon presses the inner wall of the workpiece 5 toward the cradle 14, and fixes the workpiece 5 to the cradle 14. The first clamper 15 presses the workpiece 5 from above and from the outside. In this case, the first clamper 15 is auxiliary and suppresses deformation of the upper wall portion due to expansion of the internal pressing portion 21b (balloon). It is.

In this configuration, the workpiece 5 is thin and easily deformed, and when the workpiece 5 is pressed from the outside by the second clamper 16,
It is possible to handle an object in which the contact surface of the pressing portion 21b is depressed. Further, since the pressing portion 21b does not contact the outer surface of the workpiece 5, the outer surface of the workpiece 5 is not damaged at this portion. As well as building materials having the same cross-section in the longitudinal direction, pot-shaped workpieces can be handled.

FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment in which the upper surface is steeply inclined with respect to the surface of the cradle 14, that is, the workpiece having a pot-shaped cross section is set in a fixed position on the cradle 14. The balloon (pressing portion 20b) at the tip of the clamper 15 is inserted in a contracted state, the tip of the clamper 15 is positioned, the balloon is expanded, and the bottom of the pot-shaped workpiece is received. It is fixed by pressing against the upper surface of the table 14.

In a clamper provided with a normal pressing portion having low elasticity, the upper surface of the pot-shaped member cannot be pressed from above because the upper surface is steeply inclined. On the other hand, it is possible to make the pressing portion thin and press the bottom surface of the pot-shaped member at the tip portion, but since the pressing contact area of the pressing portion with the member is small,
The fixing state tends to be unstable and the pressing force is concentrated, so that the bottom surface may be broken depending on the material of the pot-shaped member. In this regard, in the clamper in which the pressing portion is a balloon, the entire bottom surface can be pressed uniformly and widely, so that the fixed state is stable and the pressing force can be relatively large as a whole.

FIG. 8 shows an apparatus 1 for processing a long material (workpiece).
Is a fifth embodiment in which the pressing portion of the clamper is a balloon. The apparatus includes two fixing devices 3 and 3 and a machine tool 4 arranged on a machine base 2. Symbol K is a control device,
A system program and a machining program for controlling the entire machining apparatus are stored. Reference numeral 5 denotes a long material as a workpiece, which is constituted by a horizontal portion h and a vertical portion v (FIG. 9B), and is an extruded product of an aluminum alloy. As shown in the figure, the X-axis is the front-rear direction, the Y-axis is the longitudinal direction of the machine base 2, that is, the longitudinal direction of the placed long material 5,
Right-angle coordinates with the vertical direction as the Z axis are set.

A rail 6 is provided on the upper surface of the machine base 2 in the Y-axis direction, and fixing devices 3 and 3 are arranged on the rail 6. The machine tool 4 includes a drill as the tool 4a, and the drill moves up and down (in the Z-axis direction) to enable drilling of the long material 5. The processing apparatus 1 can move the drill 7 in the X-axis direction above the machine base 2 by extending and contracting the arm.

The fixing device 3 includes a machine frame 7 and a rotating body 8,
A slider 9 attached to the machine frame 7 is movable along the rail 6. Reference numeral 3a denotes a driving device, and the fixing device 3
Is moved along the rail 6 and fixed at a predetermined position. However, the structure of moving and fixing the fixing device 3 along the rails 6 may be manually performed.

The machine frame 7 includes two substrates 10 parallel to the XZ plane.
The rotating body 8 similarly includes two rotating disks 11 parallel to the XZ plane. Both the machine frame 7 and the rotating body 8 are approximately １ ／ of the front (operator side) in the X direction when viewed from the Y axis direction
And the center portion is cut out in a rectangular shape (notch portion 11a). The size of the rectangular portion is about 20% larger than the maximum area occupied by the cross-sectional shape of the long material to be handled.

The rotating body 8 is rotatable with respect to the machine frame 7 by fitting a groove 13 formed on the periphery of the rotating disk 11 into an annular rail 12 formed in a cutout round hole of the substrate 10. The two rotating disks 11 are integrally connected to a rigid body, and a pedestal 14 and a first clamper 1 are interposed therebetween.
5, second clamper 16, pulling device 1 for cradle 14
7 and a drive device 18 for the turntable 11 are provided.

The pedestal 14 has a flat receiving surface 14a in the X direction and a flat receiving surface 14b in the Y direction that intersect at the intersection P. From the center to the center. Reference numeral 19 denotes a linear guide for the cradle 1.
4 also serves as a support part. The first clamper 15 includes a main clamper 15a and an auxiliary clamper 15b, and the second clamper 16 similarly has a main clamper 16a.
And the auxiliary clamper 16b.

The main clamper 15a and the auxiliary clamper 15b of the first clamper 15 are provided with pressing portions 20a and 20b, respectively, and are respectively operated by respective air actuators on the receiving surface 14a parallel to the XY plane of the receiving base 14. Move back and forth in directions almost orthogonal to each other. The pressing portion 20a of the clamper 15a is made of hard polyethylene, but the pressing portion 20b of the auxiliary clamper 15b is a strong balloon made of thick chloroprene rubber. In this embodiment, the balloon (pressing portion 20b) supplies air so that the balloon expands more than the natural state and discharges the air to reduce the size.

Similarly, the main clamper 16a and the auxiliary clamper 16b of the second clamper 16 are provided with pressing portions 21a and 21b, respectively, and both are provided with a receiving surface 14 parallel to the YZ plane of the receiving base 14 by respective air cylinders.
It advances and retreats in a direction substantially orthogonal to b. The pressing portion 21a of the present clamper 16a is formed of hard polyethylene, but the pressing portion 21b of the auxiliary clamper 16b is a strong balloon formed of thick chloroprene rubber. In this embodiment, the balloon (pressing portion 21b) can be inflated and contracted by air.

In this embodiment, the projections of the pressing portions 20b, 21b of the auxiliary clampers 15b, 16b are slightly shifted in angle so as to be directed toward the intersection P of the receiving surfaces 14a, 14b. . The pulling device 17 is an actuator provided with an air cylinder.
And the piston rod 2 of the actuator
2 is connected to the lower part of the receiving stand 14.

The driving device 18 includes a pulse motor 23, a driving roller 24, and a belt 2 looped between them.
5, the drive roller 24 is rotated by contacting the peripheral surface of the turntable 11. Although not shown in the drawing, the two drive rollers 24 are each supported by a swingable arm and are constantly biased toward the rotating body 8.
The rotating body 8 can be rotated only by the drive rollers 24. The home position of the rotating body 8 is a position where the notch 11a of the rotating disk 11 is set to the front and the XY plane of the receiving table 14 is set to be horizontal.

In the figure, reference numeral 26 denotes a cable for guiding power to the pulse motor 23, which is guided by a roller 27 supported on a shaft in the Y-axis direction by a cable protection tube (FIG. 7). And control lines, and tubes for supplying and discharging air to and from each actuator cylinder.

A device 3a for driving the entire fixing device 3, a pulse motor 23 for driving the rotating body 8, timing of operation of each actuator and supply of air to the balloons (pressing portions 20b, 21b) and operation and operation thereof. The amount is controlled based on parameter values and data previously input to the control device K.

When the processing device 1 (FIG. 8) is operated, the fixing devices 3 located on both sides of the machine tool 4 move to positions corresponding to the length of the long material 5 to be handled (set value input to the control device). And stops, and is fixed on the rail 6. The rotating body 8 is located at the home position. The long material 5 is manually or automatically conveyed in parallel with the rail 6, and both ends are placed on the fixing devices 3, 3. At this time, the cradle 14 of the fixing device 3 is extended forward (indicated by a dashed line in FIG. 7), and the end of the long material 5 is easily placed on the receiving surface 14a of the cradle 14. The long member 5 may be placed on the receiving surface 14a in a natural state, and the horizontal part h and the vertical part v may be inclined as shown in FIG. 9A.

When the placement of the long material 5 is confirmed from the sensors provided on the fixing devices 3 on both sides, the control device operates the pulling device 1.
7 is driven to move the placed long material 5 to the center of the rotating body 8 so as to face the first and second clampers 15 and 16. Next, first, the actuators of the auxiliary clampers 15b, 16b are driven to push out the pressing portions 20b, 21b (balloons), and as shown in FIG.
The pressing member 20b of the auxiliary clamper 16b presses the long material 5 against the receiving surface 14a of the receiving table 14 by the pressing portion 20b.
The long material 5 is pressed against the receiving surface 14b of the receiving stand 14 by 1b.

At this time, the pressing portions 20b and 21b are balloons and easily deform with elasticity.
Even if the direction in which 1b is in contact is not perpendicular to the horizontal plane h or the vertical plane v of the long material 5, the pressing is performed through a relatively large area. There is no deformation of the shank.

Also, as in the embodiment, the pressing portions 20b,
If the pushing direction of 21b is the direction toward the intersection P between the receiving surface 14a and the receiving surface 14b, the auxiliary clamper 15
Since the operation of moving the long material 5 toward the intersection P is caused by the operations of b and 16b, the long material 5 can be easily positioned at a stable and accurate location. Depending on the cross-sectional shape of the long material 5, a balloon that is not inflated is put in a space inside the cross section through a narrow entrance, and then air is supplied to the balloon to inflate the balloon.
The long material may be positioned by the contact and the pressure.

After positioning the long material 5 with respect to the receiving table 14 as described above, air is sent to the balloon to further increase the pressing force and the contact area, thereby making the positioning more reliable. Next, the actuators of the clampers 15a and 15b are driven to push out the pressing portions 20a and 21a, thereby reliably positioning the long material 5. That is, the pressing portions 20a, 21a
Are not resilient like balloons, so these pressing portions 20
a, 21a eliminates the possibility of displacement due to positioning by elasticity of one of the pressing portions 20b, 21b.

Then, in accordance with the processing procedure by the machine tool 4, the driving device 3a is driven to move the fixing device 3 together with the long members 5 to determine the longitudinal position of the long members 5 with respect to the tool 4a. The drive unit 18 is driven to rotate the rotating body 8 to select a surface (horizontal surface h or vertical surface v) of the long material 5 to be processed (FIGS. 9B to 9E). The rotation angle of the rotator 8 is set to, for example, the A state when the rotator 8 is rotated from the state shown in FIG. 9A to the state shown in FIG. The rotation angle from the state to the state B (initial angle... 20 ° in this embodiment) is taught and stored in the controller, and thereafter, the initial angles are 90 ° and 18 °.
It can be determined by adding 0 ° or −90 °.

The height of the work surface with respect to the tool 4a changes due to the rotation of the long material 5 about the Y axis.
This data is prepared by reading out the part number table stored in advance when the part number of the long material 5 is input to the control device K, and the tool height of the machine tool 4 is increased with the rotation of the rotating body 8. Is set.

When rotating the long material 5, the tool 4
When a is in contact with the long material 5 and performs processing, a force and a vibration are applied to the long material 5 from the side to promote the displacement, but the long material 5 is not only pressed by the clampers 15a and 16a but also by the pressing portion 20b. , 2
Since the positioning is also performed by the auxiliary clampers 15b and 16b having the balloon 1b as a balloon, the pressing portions 20a and 21a are hard, and a sufficient contact area with the long material 5 cannot be obtained. The weak points of the clampers 15a, 16a, which are likely to cause the displacement of the length member 5, are determined by the pressing portions 20b, 21.
b is resilient as a balloon and is supplemented by the action of an auxiliary clamper capable of contacting the long material 5 with a relatively large area, so that the displacement does not occur even by such force and vibration.

Further, the posture of the long material 5 on the cross section with respect to the machine tool 4 can be easily changed only by rotating the rotating body 8. For this reason, since a manual conversion operation using the auxiliary block c is not required unlike the related art, the setup time for processing the long material 5 can be greatly reduced.

The processing apparatus 1 for the long material 5 which is almost automatically operated by using two fixing devices 3 has been described above.
It is also possible to use only the group in place. Cradle 1
4 has been described as having two orthogonal surfaces of the receiving surfaces 14a and 14b, but there may be only the receiving surface 14a parallel to the XY plane. In this case, a projection or the like for preventing displacement in the X direction is provided on the receiving surface 14a. The rotation of the rotator 8 has been described as being for arranging the horizontal portion h of the long material 5 horizontally or the vertical portion v vertically.
The rotation may not be horizontal or vertical, but may be for positioning at a predetermined angle.

[0052]

【The invention's effect】

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a work piece having a narrow entrance and a wide space inside is prevented from being deformed by an external pressure or damaging the surface. Can be fixed in position. Since it can be pressed with a pressing contact area according to the shape and properties of the workpiece,
It is possible to prevent a situation where the workpiece is destroyed or the fixing state becomes unstable due to insufficient pressing force.

According to the second and third aspects of the present invention, a plurality of intersecting surfaces (for example, a vertical surface and a horizontal surface) can be pressed at once by one pressing portion, and the workpiece can be pressed. The fixing device can be configured simply. According to the configuration of the fourth aspect, it is possible to adjust the pressing contact area with respect to the workpiece, and since it has cushioning properties, the fixed state is hardly disturbed by vibration or external force. The pressing force can always be applied in a direction perpendicular to the pressing contact surface with the workpiece.

According to the configuration of the fifth and seventh aspects, the posture of the workpiece can be changed about one axis while the workpiece is fixed by the clamper. When performing machining on multiple surfaces, there is no need to repeat fixing with the clamper every time the machined surface changes, thereby improving work efficiency. According to the configuration described in claim 6, the cradle receives the workpiece at a position protruding outward (outer peripheral side) in the radial direction of the rotating body, and then rotates the relatively complicated rotating body. Since the work piece can be moved to the center position, it is not necessary to take a complicated path to place the work piece on the cradle, especially when the fixing device is automated, and When moving to the rotation center position of the rotating body, which is the actual processing position, there is no contact with other parts of the apparatus, so that it is possible to avoid processing troubles caused by inability to clamp accurately.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, one fixing device can be rationally applied to a rigid workpiece (portion) and a weak workpiece (portion) by selectively using the pressing portions. Can be used. After the work piece is temporarily fixed at the pressing part of the balloon and fixed in place with a low elasticity, the work piece is displaced by the vibration or other external force until it is fully fixed. Can be prevented, and fixing by accurate positioning can be performed. In the case where the contact area with the workpiece is small in the pressing part with low elasticity and deformation occurs when a large force is applied, it is possible to secure a large pressing contact area in the pressing part of the balloon and obtain a large pressing force as a whole it can. According to the configuration of the ninth aspect, since the present clamper and the auxiliary clamper are provided, and the pressing portion of the auxiliary clamper is a balloon, the positioning of the workpiece regardless of the attitude of the cross section of the workpiece such as a long material. Is stable, and the positioning does not deviate due to vibration or tool contact. For this reason, it is only necessary to place the workpiece on the clamper in a natural state, so that it is easy to use and accurate processing can be performed.

The workpiece and the clamper are assembled on a rotating body, and the positioned workpiece, such as a long material, can be rotated with respect to the cross section. Therefore, the workpiece is placed on the workpiece of the clamper in a natural state. In order to change the work surface of the work, simply rotate the rotating body, and replace or move the auxiliary block every time the work surface changes, as in the past. Troublesome work is eliminated, and the setup time for processing a workpiece having a complicated cross section can be greatly reduced.

According to the tenth aspect, since the receiving surface of the pedestal is two surfaces orthogonal to each other and the first and second clampers are provided for each surface, the receiving surface such as a long material is covered. The positioning of the workpiece is performed more accurately and reliably.

According to the eleventh aspect, depending on the cross-sectional shape and the mounting state of the workpiece, there are cases where the present clamper alone is sufficient and cases where the auxiliary clamper alone is sufficient.
Even in such a case, it is possible to eliminate the waste of operating both clampers and shorten the setup time.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, a balloon as a pressing portion for pressing a workpiece is inserted from a narrow place in a contracted state, and then supplied and expanded to provide a complicated structure. The shaped workpiece can be stably fixed to the pedestal without being deformed. According to the configuration of the thirteenth aspect, by providing the machine base, it is easy to determine the positional relationship between the fixing device and the workpiece, and accurate machining can be performed by a machine tool or manually. Further, a processing device can be provided in combination with a machine tool.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a side view schematically showing a third embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a side view schematically showing a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a mechanism diagram schematically showing a pressing portion and a supply / exhaust mechanism (partial cross section).

FIG. 6 is a perspective view (partially broken) of a fixing device (fifth embodiment).

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a fixing device.

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view showing an apparatus for processing a long material.

FIG. 9 is a view for explaining how to handle a long material (fifth embodiment).

FIG. 10 is a view for explaining how to handle long materials (conventional example)

[Description of Signs] 1 Long material processing device 2 Machine base 3 Fixing device 3a Drive device 4 Machine tool 4a Tool 5 Long material (workpiece) 6 Rail 7 Machine frame 8 Rotating body 9 Slider 10 Substrate 11 Turntable 11a Notch 12 Annular rail 13 Annular groove 14 Cradle 15b Piston 15c Air flow path 15 First clamper 16 Second clamper 17 Pulling device 18 Drive device 19 Linear guide 20a Pressing portion 20b Pressing portion (balloon) 21a Pressing portion 21b Pressing Part (balloon) 22 piston rod 23 pulse motor 24 drive roller 25 belt 26 cable protection cylinder 27 roller 28 supply / exhaust mechanism 29 switching valve h horizontal part v vertical part K control device P intersection q

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoichi Nagai 70 Hayakawa, Takaoka City, Toyama Prefecture Inside Sankyo Aluminum Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A work having a narrow entrance and a wide space inside is disposed on a receiving stand, a balloon is inserted from the entrance, the balloon is inflated, and the balloon is pushed toward the receiving stand. A method for fixing a workpiece, wherein the workpiece is pressed against a receiving table. 2. A workpiece is placed on a receiving table, and the workpiece is pressed toward the receiving table with a balloon. One balloon is applied to two intersecting surfaces of the workpiece, and the two surfaces are formed. A method for fixing a workpiece, wherein a balloon is pressed from a direction of an angle dividing line toward an intersection line of two surfaces. 3. A workpiece is placed on a receiving table, and the workpiece is pressed against the receiving table by a balloon, and one balloon is applied to three intersecting surfaces of the processing object. A method of fixing a workpiece, comprising: pressing a balloon from a direction of a middle line passing through a common intersection and being equal distances from each surface toward a common intersection of three surfaces. 4. A cradle for receiving a workpiece and a clamper for pressing the workpiece, the clamper includes a pressing portion for moving forward and backward with respect to the cradle and pressing the workpiece, and the pressing portion is a balloon. An apparatus for fixing a workpiece. 5. An XYZ axis of orthogonal coordinates is set, and a cradle for receiving a workpiece and a clamper for pressing the workpiece are both attached to a rotating body which rotates about the Y axis in parallel with the XZ plane. The workpiece fixing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: 6. The apparatus for fixing a workpiece according to claim 5, wherein the cradle can be moved back and forth with respect to the rotating body in a radial direction of the rotating body. 7. XYZ axes of orthogonal coordinates are set, and both a receiving stand for receiving a workpiece and a clamper for pressing the workpiece can be rotated and adjusted in a plane parallel to the XZ plane around the Y axis. 5. The device for fixing a workpiece according to claim 4, wherein: 8. A pedestal for receiving a workpiece and a clamper for pressing the workpiece, wherein one clamper is a clamper and the other clamper is configured such that a pressing portion for the workpiece is a balloon. An apparatus for fixing a workpiece, comprising: 9. A machine frame, a rotating body, a cradle, a main clamper, and an auxiliary clamper are provided, and the rotating body can be rotated and positioned on the XZ plane about the Y axis on the basis of the set XYZ axes of orthogonal coordinates. The cradle supporting the workpiece, the main clamper and the auxiliary clamper are mounted on a rotating body. The cradle has a receiving surface parallel to the XY plane. An apparatus for fixing a workpiece, comprising: a pressing portion which advances and retreats in a direction substantially perpendicular to a receiving surface of a table and presses the workpiece, wherein the pressing portion of the auxiliary clamper is a balloon. 10. A machine frame, a rotating body, a cradle, and first and second units.
A rotary body is provided on the machine frame so as to be rotatable and positionable on the XZ plane about the Y axis, based on the set XYZ axes of the orthogonal coordinates, and a cradle for supporting the workpiece and The second clamper is mounted on a rotating body, the cradle has a receiving surface parallel to the XY plane and a receiving surface parallel to the YZ plane, and the first and second clampers each include a main clamper and an auxiliary clamper. The first clamper advances and retreats in a direction substantially orthogonal to a receiving surface parallel to the XY plane of the receiving table, includes a pressing portion for pressing the workpiece, and has a pressing portion of the auxiliary clamper as a balloon. The second clamper advances and retreats in a direction substantially perpendicular to the receiving surface parallel to the YZ plane of the receiving table, includes a pressing portion for pressing the workpiece, and the pressing portion of the auxiliary clamper is a balloon. Workpiece fixing device. 11. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said clamper and said auxiliary clamper can be selected and individually operated.
A fixing device for a workpiece according to any one of the above. 12. The device for fixing a workpiece according to claim 4, wherein the balloon is connected to a supply / exhaust device and is capable of repeating expansion and contraction. 13. A workpiece fixing device according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of the workpiece fixing devices are arranged on a machine base so as to be movable and positioned in the Y-axis direction. Fixing table device for fixing the workpiece.