JPH10131681A - Tunnel boring machine and boring method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve workability by supporting a cutter head on a front end part of a cylindrical boring machine main body free to oscillate on its flat surface and providing a projection to crush gravels in an outer periphery of the cutter head against an inner surface of the boring machine main body. SOLUTION: A tunnel boring machine has cutter drive devices 13, 14 as an oscillating support mechanism on upper and lower parts of a front part bulkhead 12 of a square cross-sectional cylindrical boring machine main body 11, and a cutter head 17 is connected to head end parts of output shafts 15, 16 decentered by specified quantity of the devices 13, 14 free to revolve. The head 17 is square, a large number of cutter bits 18 are provided on its front surface, and a plural number of cutters 20 for gravel crushing are provided on a projected body 19 fixed on a lower part rear surface. When the main body 11 is made to advance while oscillating the head 17 within the flat surface by rotating the shafts 15, 16 by the drive devices 13, 14, the foundation is drilled in a scquare cross-section by the bits 18, and gravels produced move downward and reach a front part of the main body 11 and crushed by the cutters 20. Consequently, it is possible to smoothly drill a tunnel by certainly crushing the gravels in a short period of time.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator, and more particularly to one capable of crushing gravel generated during excavation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a general tunnel excavator, a circular cutter head is rotatably mounted on a front portion of a cylindrical excavator body, and the cutter head is turned by a drive motor mounted on the cutter head. The tunnel is constructed by excavating the ground by moving the body of the excavator forward. By the way, tunnels to be formed by excavation are used not only for subways, but also for underground passages and sewers at stations.The cross sections of the tunnels are not only circular, but also oval, square, horseshoe, etc. ing.

FIG. 6 schematically shows a conventional shield excavator capable of excavating a tunnel having a rectangular cross section. As shown in the figure, a partition 102 is provided at the front of an excavator main body 101 having a rectangular cross section, and two cutter driving devices 103 and 104 are mounted on the partition 102. Each of the cutter driving devices 103, 104 is provided with an output shaft 105,
The output shafts 105 and 106 are connected to the cutter head 107 rotatably. The cutter head 107 has a square shape and is slightly smaller than the excavator main body 101, and a cutter 108 for crushing gravel is fixed to a front portion together with a cutter (not shown).

Accordingly, when the output shafts 105 and 106 are rotated by the cutter driving devices 103 and 104 to swing the cutter head 107 in a plane, the shield jack (not shown) is extended, and the excavator body 101 is moved forward. , Cutter head 107
The tunnel provided is excavated by excavating the ground in front of the ground using a cutter provided at the front of the tunnel, and the gravel generated during the excavation is crushed by the gravel crushing cutter 108.

[0005]

In the above-mentioned conventional shield excavator, the gravel generated during excavation is crushed by the gravel crushing cutter 108. At this time, the gravel by the gravel crushing cutter 108 is used. Will be received by the excavated surface. However, if the ground in front of the excavation surface is soft, the gravel crushing reaction force from the gravel crushing cutter 108 cannot be received, and the gravel will not be able to be crushed due to insufficient support capacity. is there. Then
There is a problem in that a large amount of gravel remains between the cutter head 107 and the excavation surface, so that excavation work cannot be performed.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator and an excavation method for reliably crushing gravels generated during excavation and facilitating excavation work. And

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided a tunnel excavator in which a cutter head having a plurality of cutter bits is provided on a front end portion of a cylindrical excavator body by a rocking support mechanism. In a tunnel excavator supported swingably in the plane of the cutter head, a crushing projection for crushing gravel is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the cutter head in opposition to an inner surface of the excavator body. Is what you do.

Therefore, the excavator body is moved forward while the cutter head is rocked in the plane of the cutter head by the rocking support mechanism, thereby excavating the ground in front by a large number of cutter bits fixed to the cutter head. The gravels generated at this time are crushed by being pressed against the inner surface of the excavator body by crushing projections provided on the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head.

In the tunnel excavator according to the present invention, a gravel collecting section for collecting gravel is provided on an inner surface of a lower portion of the excavator body, and a crushing machine is provided at a lower portion of the cutter head in opposition to the gravel collecting section. A projection is provided.

Therefore, the gravel generated during excavation is collected in the gravel collecting section, and the crushing projection provided at the lower portion of the cutter head crushes the gravel in the gravel collecting section.

Further, in the tunnel excavation method of the present invention, the excavator main body is moved forward while the cutter head mounted on the front portion of the excavator main body is rocked in the plane of the cutter head by a rocking support mechanism. By doing so, while excavating the ground in front with a number of cutter bits fixed to the cutter head, crushing projections provided on the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head remove the excavated gravels between the inner surface of the excavator body. It is characterized by being crushed by being sandwiched between.

Therefore, the gravel generated during excavation is reliably crushed.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a tunnel excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel excavator.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tunnel excavator according to the present embodiment can excavate a tunnel having a rectangular cross section. That is, a partition wall 12 is provided at a front portion of the excavator body 11 having a rectangular cross section,
The upper and lower cutter driving devices 13 and 14 as a swing support mechanism are mounted on the partition wall 12. Each of the cutter driving devices 13 and 14 has output shafts 15 and 16 that are eccentric by a predetermined amount, and the distal ends of the output shafts 15 and 16 are rotatably connected to a cutter head 17. The cutter head 17 has a rectangular shape, and
It has a slightly smaller shape, and the cutter bit 18 is fixed to the front surface.

A projection 19 is fixed to the lower side of the cutter head 17 on the rear side, and a plurality of gravel crushing cutters 20 as crushing projections are fixed to the lower surface of the projection 19.

Therefore, the cutter head 1 is rotated by rotating the output shafts 15 and 16 by the cutter driving devices 13 and 14, respectively.
When the excavator body 11 is advanced by extending the shield jack (not shown) while swinging the plane 7 in a plane, the excavated ground is excavated by the cutter bit 18 provided on the front part of the cutter head 17 to excavate the tunnel. I do. The gravels generated during this excavation move downward and reach the front of the excavator body 11, and the gravels are swung by the cutter head 17.
Is crushed by a gravel crushing cutter 20 fixed to the lower part of the slab. In this case, the crushing reaction force of the gravels by the gravels crushing cutter 20 is received by the excavator body 11, and the gravels are reliably crushed.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a tunnel excavator according to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
FIG. 5 shows a VV cross section of FIG.

In the tunnel excavator of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. Is provided with two cutter driving devices 23 and 24 at the top and bottom. Then, each of the cutter driving devices 23,
24 has output shafts 25 and 26 eccentric by a predetermined amount,
The tips of the output shafts 25 and 26 are rotatably connected to the cutter head 27. The cutter head 27 has a square shape, is slightly smaller than the excavator body 21, and has a cutter bit 28 fixed to the front surface.

A projection 29 is fixed to the lower side of the cutter head 27 on the rear side, and a plurality of gravel crushing cutters 30 are fixed to the lower surface of the projection 29. On the other hand, a gravel reservoir 31 as a gravel collecting unit for collecting gravel is fixed to the lower inner surface of the excavator body 11. The basin 31 is composed of a bottom 31a and side plates 31b fixed to both sides thereof.

Therefore, the cutter head 2 is rotated by rotating the output shafts 25 and 26 by the cutter driving devices 23 and 24.
When the excavator body 21 is advanced by extending the shield jack (not shown) while swinging the plane 7 in the plane, the front ground is excavated by the cutter bit 28 provided on the front part of the cutter head 27 to excavate the tunnel. I do. The gravel generated during this excavation moves downward and is collected in a gravel reservoir 31 provided at the front of the excavator body 21, and the gravel is fixed to the lower part of the swinging cutter head 27. It is crushed by the crushing cutter 20. In this case, the reaction force of crushing the gravel by the gravel crushing cutter 30 is received by the gravel reservoir 31 of the excavator body 21, and the gravel is reliably crushed without escaping to the side.

[0022]

As described in detail in the above embodiment, according to the tunnel excavator of the present invention, the cutter head having a large number of cutter bits is provided on the front end of the cylindrical excavator body by the swing support mechanism. The cutter head is swingably supported within the plane of the cutter head, and a crushing projection is provided on the outer periphery of the cutter head to crush the gravel facing the inner surface of the excavator body. As a result, the crushing projection swings together and is pressed against the inner surface of the excavator main body to be crushed, whereby the gravels generated during the digging can be crushed reliably and in a short time, thereby facilitating the digging operation.

According to the tunnel excavator of the present invention,
A gravel collecting section is provided on the lower inner surface of the excavator body to collect gravel, and a crushing projection is provided on the lower part of the cutter head opposite this gravel collecting section, so that gravel generated during excavation is collected in the gravel collecting section. Then, the crushing projection that swings together with the cutter head crushes the gravels in the gravure collecting section, and the gravels can be evacuated to crush each time difference.

Further, according to the tunnel excavating method of the present invention, the excavator body is moved forward while the cutter head mounted on the front portion of the excavator body is rocked in the plane of the cutter head by the rocking support mechanism. By doing so, while excavating the ground in front with a large number of cutter bits fixed to the cutter head, the crushing protrusions provided on the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head sandwich the excavated gravels with the inner surface of the excavator body. Since the crushing is performed in the step, the gravels generated during the digging can be crushed reliably and in a short time, so that the digging operation can be smoothly performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a tunnel excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a tunnel excavator.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a tunnel excavator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a tunnel excavator.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a conventional shield excavator capable of excavating a tunnel having a rectangular cross section.

[Explanation of symbols]

11,21 Excavator body 13,14,23,24 Cutter driving device (oscillation support mechanism) 17,27 Cutter head 18,28 Cutter bit 20,30 Cutter for crushing gravel (projection for crushing gravel) 31 Gravel reservoir (gravel) Collection section)

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Toshihiko Bessho 1-25-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Taisei Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tosumi Ino 1-25-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Taisei Corporation

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A tunnel excavator in which a cutter head having a large number of cutter bits is swingably supported in the plane of the cutter head by a swing support mechanism at a front end of a cylindrical excavator body. A tunnel excavator, wherein a crushing projection for crushing gravel is provided on an outer peripheral portion of a cutter head so as to face an inner surface of the excavator body. 2. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein a gravel collecting unit for collecting gravel is provided on a lower inner surface of the excavator main body, and a gravel collecting unit is provided at a lower portion of the cutter head so as to face the gravel collecting unit. A tunnel excavator having a crushing projection. 3. The excavator body is moved forward while the cutter head mounted on the front portion of the excavator body is rocked in the plane of the cutter head by a rocking support mechanism, thereby fixing the cutter head to the cutter head. While excavating the ground in front with a large number of cutter bits, the crushing protrusions provided on the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head sandwich and crush the excavated gravel between the inner surface of the excavator body. And the tunnel excavation method.