JPH10123140A - Blood coagulation measuring device - Google Patents
Blood coagulation measuring deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10123140A JPH10123140A JP27968096A JP27968096A JPH10123140A JP H10123140 A JPH10123140 A JP H10123140A JP 27968096 A JP27968096 A JP 27968096A JP 27968096 A JP27968096 A JP 27968096A JP H10123140 A JPH10123140 A JP H10123140A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- scattered light
- value
- saturation
- light amount
- coagulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、血液凝固測定装
置に関し、特に、血液試料（検体）に試薬を投入してか
ら検体が凝固するまでの時間を測定する装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring blood coagulation, and more particularly to an apparatus for measuring the time from the introduction of a reagent into a blood sample (specimen) to the coagulation of the specimen.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来のこの種の装置としては、試薬を投
入した検体に光を照射してその散乱光量の時間的変化を
測定し、散乱光量が初期値（０％）から増大して飽和値
（１００％）に達したとき、散乱光量が、例えば５０％
に達するまでの時間を算出して凝固時間を求めるように
したものが知られている（例えば、特公平３−６５５０
１号公報参照）。2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional apparatus of this type, a specimen into which a reagent has been injected is irradiated with light to measure a temporal change in the amount of scattered light, and the amount of scattered light increases from an initial value (0%) and becomes saturated. When the value (100%) is reached, the amount of scattered light is, for example, 50%
The solidification time is known by calculating the time required to reach the temperature (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 3-6550).
No. 1).
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、一般に
血液の凝固反応は複雑な過程を有する反応であるため、
検体によっては、反応の途中で一時的に反応が停止（飽
和）したかのような不安定な挙動を示すことがある。However, since the coagulation reaction of blood is generally a reaction having a complicated process,
Some specimens may exhibit unstable behavior as if the reaction was temporarily stopped (saturated) during the reaction.
【０００４】そのような場合に従来の装置においては、
その一時的に停止したときの散乱光量を飽和値と認識し
て、凝固時間の長い異常検体であるにもかかわらず、正
常検体として誤判定することがある。In such a case, in a conventional apparatus,
The scattered light amount at the time of the temporary stop is recognized as a saturation value, and an erroneous determination may be made as a normal sample even though the sample is an abnormal sample having a long coagulation time.
【０００５】この発明は、このような事情を考慮してな
されたもので、凝固反応が不安定な挙動をしても、凝固
時間を正しく測定することが可能な血液凝固測定装置を
提供するものである。The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a blood coagulation measuring apparatus capable of correctly measuring the coagulation time even if the coagulation reaction behaves in an unstable manner. It is.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明は、血液試料を
収容する透光性容器と、収容された血液試料に光を照射
する光源と、血液試料からの散乱光を受光する受光器
と、血液試料に凝固用試薬が添加された後の散乱光量の
時間的変化における飽和を測定して凝固時間を算出する
計測部を備え、計測部は、散乱光量を経時的に検出する
検出部と、散乱光量が増加するか否かを判定する判定部
と、散乱光量の飽和を検出した時にその後の所定時間内
に散乱光量がさらに増加するか否かを判定し増加すると
きには次の飽和を検出するという処理が繰り返し行われ
るように検出部と判定部とを制御する制御部と、散乱光
量の飽和が最終的に検出されたときその飽和値に基づい
て凝固時間を算出する算出部を備えた血液凝固測定装置
を提供するものである。According to the present invention, there is provided a light-transmitting container for storing a blood sample, a light source for irradiating the stored blood sample with light, a light receiver for receiving scattered light from the blood sample, The blood sample is provided with a measurement unit that measures the saturation in the temporal change of the scattered light amount after the coagulation reagent is added to the blood sample to calculate the clotting time, and the measurement unit detects the scattered light amount over time, A determining unit for determining whether the amount of scattered light increases; and determining whether the amount of scattered light further increases within a predetermined time after detecting the saturation of the amount of scattered light, and detecting the next saturation when the amount increases. A control unit that controls the detection unit and the determination unit so that the process is repeatedly performed, and a calculation unit that calculates a coagulation time based on a saturation value of the scattered light amount when saturation is finally detected. Providing a coagulation measuring device. .
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】この発明における血液試料とは、
ヒトを含む哺乳動物の血液から分離した血漿又は希釈さ
れた血漿である。血液試料を収容する透光性容器は、光
学的検知に係る部分が透明になっていればよいが、これ
には、例えば直径１０〜２０ｍｍ、高さ５０〜１００ｍ
ｍのガラス又は樹脂製の試験管を使用することができ
る。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The blood sample in the present invention is:
Plasma separated or diluted from blood of mammals including humans. The light-transmitting container for storing the blood sample may have a transparent portion for optical detection. For example, the light-transmitting container may have a diameter of 10 to 20 mm and a height of 50 to 100 m.
m glass or resin test tubes can be used.
【０００８】また、血液試料に添加する凝固用試薬は、
その測定項目によって異なり、ＰＴ（プロトロンビン時
間）測定用やＡＰＴＴ（活性化部分トロンボプラスチン
時間）測定用、Ｆｂｇ（フィブリノーゲン量）測定用の
試薬をそれぞれ用いることができる。The coagulation reagent to be added to the blood sample is
Depending on the measurement items, reagents for measuring PT (prothrombin time), measuring APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time), and measuring Fbg (fibrinogen amount) can be used.
【０００９】収容された血液試料に光を照射する光源に
は、例えばＬＥＤを、血液試料からの散乱光を受光する
受光器には、フォトダイオードやフォトトランジスタを
それぞれ用いることができる。また、散乱光量の時間的
変化における飽和を測定して凝固時間を算出する計測部
には、ＣＰＵ，ＲＯＭ，ＲＡＭからなるマイクロコンピ
ュータを用いることができる。なお、本発明において飽
和とは、散乱光量の時間的変化が、一時的にあるいは永
続的になくなったことをいう。For example, an LED can be used as a light source for irradiating the stored blood sample with light, and a photodiode or phototransistor can be used as a light receiver for receiving scattered light from the blood sample. In addition, a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, and a RAM can be used as the measurement unit that measures the saturation of the scattered light amount over time to calculate the coagulation time. In the present invention, the term “saturation” means that the temporal change in the amount of scattered light is temporarily or permanently eliminated.
【００１０】検出部は、散乱光量の値を所定時間毎に順
次取り込んで格納するものであってもよい。判定部は、
凝固反応開始を検知した後に、最新の飽和値と最新の取
込み値との差を算出し、その差が第１所定値より小さい
とき散乱光量は増加しない（飽和）と判定するものであ
ってもよい。判定部は、最新の取込み値と最小取込み値
との差の、最新の飽和値と最小取込み値との差に対する
比を算出し、その比が第２所定値より小さいとき散乱光
量は増加しない（飽和）と判定するものであってもよ
い。また、判定部は、最新の飽和値と最新の取込み値と
の差を算出すると共に、最新の取込み値と最小取込み値
との差の、最新の飽和値と最小取込み値との差に対する
比を算出し、その差が第１所定値より小さく、かつ、そ
の比が第２所定値より小さいとき散乱光量は増加しない
と判定するものであってもよい。この発明の特徴は、散
乱光量の飽和が検出された時に、さらに散乱光量が増加
しないかを所定時間監視し、再び増加するときには、次
の散乱光量の飽和を検出するという動作をくり返し、最
終的な飽和値を測定するようにした点にあり、これによ
って、凝固反応が不安定な挙動をしても、正しい凝固時
間を決定することができる。[0010] The detecting section may sequentially capture and store the value of the scattered light amount at predetermined time intervals. The judgment unit is
After detecting the start of the coagulation reaction, the difference between the latest saturation value and the latest capture value is calculated, and when the difference is smaller than the first predetermined value, it is determined that the amount of scattered light does not increase (saturation). Good. The determination unit calculates a ratio of a difference between the latest captured value and the minimum captured value to a difference between the latest saturated value and the minimum captured value, and when the ratio is smaller than the second predetermined value, the amount of scattered light does not increase ( (Saturated). The determining unit calculates the difference between the latest saturation value and the latest capture value, and calculates the ratio of the difference between the latest capture value and the minimum capture value to the difference between the latest saturation value and the minimum capture value. The calculated amount may be determined such that the scattered light amount does not increase when the difference is smaller than the first predetermined value and the ratio is smaller than the second predetermined value. The feature of the present invention is that, when the saturation of the scattered light amount is detected, it is monitored for a predetermined time whether the scattered light amount further increases, and when the scattered light amount increases again, the operation of detecting the saturation of the next scattered light amount is repeated. The reason is that a proper coagulation time can be determined even if the coagulation reaction behaves in an unstable manner.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】図１は実施例の構成を示す構成説明図であ
る。図１において、透明な試験管１には、測定される血
漿が予め収容され、試薬供給器２からピペット３を介し
て試薬（例えば、ＰＴ試薬）が試験管１へ供給される
と、ＬＥＤ４からの光が試験管１に照射される。試験管
１の内部で散乱した散乱光はフォトダイオード５に受光
され、散乱光量が検出される。FIG. 1 is a structural explanatory view showing the structure of an embodiment. In FIG. 1, a plasma to be measured is stored in a transparent test tube 1 in advance, and when a reagent (eg, a PT reagent) is supplied from a reagent supply device 2 to the test tube 1 via a pipette 3, the LED 4 Is irradiated on the test tube 1. The scattered light scattered inside the test tube 1 is received by the photodiode 5, and the amount of scattered light is detected.
【００１２】計測部６は、散乱光量の飽和を検出する検
出部６ａと、散乱光量が増加するか否かを判定する判定
部６ｂと、散乱光量の飽和を検出した時にその後の所定
時間内に散乱光量がさらに増加するか否かを判定し増加
するときには次の飽和を検出するという処理がくり返し
行なわれるように検出部６ａと判定部６ｂとを制御する
制御部６ｃと、散乱光量の飽和が最終的に検出されたと
き、その飽和値に基づいて凝固時間を算出する算出部６
ｄを備え、フォトダイオード５の出力信号を処理して、
処理結果をＣＲＴ７に表示するようになっている。なお
計測部６は、ＣＰＵ，ＲＯＭ，ＲＡＭからなるマイクロ
コンピュータから構成されている。The measuring unit 6 includes a detecting unit 6a for detecting the saturation of the scattered light amount, a determining unit 6b for determining whether the scattered light amount increases, and within a predetermined time after detecting the saturation of the scattered light amount. It is determined whether or not the amount of scattered light further increases. When the amount of scattered light is increased, a controller 6c that controls the detector 6a and the determiner 6b so that the process of detecting the next saturation is repeatedly performed. When finally detected, the calculating unit 6 calculates the coagulation time based on the saturation value
d, and processes the output signal of the photodiode 5;
The processing result is displayed on the CRT 7. The measuring section 6 is configured by a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, and a RAM.
【００１３】このような構成における動作を図２に示す
フローチャートを用いてさらに詳述する。まず、ステッ
プＳ１において初期設定が行われ、次に計測部６からの
指令により、試薬供給器２から試薬が供給されると、同
時にＬＥＤ４が点灯され、フォトダイオード５から現在
の散乱光量Ｄ（ｉ）が取り込まれ測定が開始される（ス
テップＳ２，Ｓ３）。散乱光量の取込みは例えば０．１
秒毎に行なわれる。The operation in such a configuration will be described in more detail with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. First, in step S1, initialization is performed. Next, when a reagent is supplied from the reagent supply unit 2 according to a command from the measurement unit 6, the LED 4 is turned on at the same time, and the current scattered light amount D (i ) Is taken in and measurement is started (steps S2 and S3). The capture of the scattered light amount is, for example, 0.1
Performed every second.
【００１４】次に、測定開始から予め設定された最大測
定時間Ｔｍ（例えば６００秒）がこの時点で経過してい
なければ（ステップＳ４）、今まで取り込んだ値の内の
最小値Ｄminと、現在値Ｄ（ｉ）と差が演算され、その
差が初期設定した値ｄより大きいと、取り込み値に変化
があった、つまり凝固反応が始まったものと判断される
（ステップＳ５）、そして、現在値Ｄ（ｉ）が取り込ま
れる度に、現在よりｋ回前の取り込み値Ｄ（ｉ−ｋ）と
の差が演算され（但し、ｋ＝１，２，３……６３とす
る）、その差が所定値ｅより小さくなると（ステップＳ
６）、その時のＤ（ｉ）が暫定的な飽和値Ｄelと見なさ
れる（ステップＳ７）。Next, if the preset maximum measurement time Tm (for example, 600 seconds) has not elapsed at this time (step S4), the minimum value Dmin of the values taken so far and the current value The difference between the value D (i) and the calculated value is calculated. If the difference is larger than the initially set value d, it is determined that the intake value has changed, that is, the coagulation reaction has started (step S5). Every time the value D (i) is captured, a difference from the captured value D (ik) k times before is calculated (where k = 1, 2, 3,... 63), and the difference is calculated. Is smaller than the predetermined value e (step S
6), D (i) at that time is regarded as a temporary saturation value Del (step S7).
【００１５】その後、現在値Ｄ（ｉ）が取り込まれる毎
に、Ｄ（ｉ）とＤelと差、および（Ｄ（ｉ）−Ｄmin）
の（Ｄel−Ｄmin）に対する比が演算され、差が所定値
ｆより小さく、かつ、比が１．２より小さい場合には、
現在値Ｄ（ｉ）は変化しない（飽和）と見なされる（ス
テップＳ８）。Thereafter, every time the current value D (i) is fetched, the difference between D (i) and Del, and (D (i) -Dmin)
Is calculated with respect to (Del−Dmin), and when the difference is smaller than the predetermined value f and the ratio is smaller than 1.2,
The current value D (i) is regarded as unchanged (saturated) (step S8).
【００１６】そして、変化しない状態が所定時間Ｔｓ
（例えば１００秒）経過すると（ステップＳ９）、飽和
値Ｄelが最終的な飽和値Ｄenと決定される（ステップＳ
１０）。The state which does not change is the predetermined time Ts
After a lapse of (for example, 100 seconds) (step S9), the saturation value Del is determined as the final saturation value Den (step S9).
10).
【００１７】図３は、上記の経過を示すグラフである。
図３に示すようにＤenを１００％、Ｄminを０％とし
て、散乱光量が５０％に達する時間ｔ１が凝固時間とし
て算出され（ステップＳ１１）、図３のグラフとｔ１の
値がＣＲＴ７に表示される。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the above process.
As shown in FIG. 3, when Den is set to 100% and Dmin is set to 0%, a time t1 at which the scattered light amount reaches 50% is calculated as a coagulation time (step S11), and the graph of FIG. 3 and the value of t1 are displayed on the CRT 7. You.
【００１８】次に、ステップＳ８においてＤ（ｉ）が変
化したときにはｄが（ｄ＋Ｄel）に再設定され、ルーチ
ンはステップＳ３へ戻る。そして、ステップＳ３〜Ｓ８
がくり返され、Ｄ（ｉ）が時間Ｔｓだけ経過しても変化
しない（飽和）と見なされたときには（ステップＳ
９）、飽和値Ｄelが最終的飽和値Ｄenと決定される（ス
テップＳ１０）。なお、ステップＳ４において、測定開
始後の時間がＴｍを超えた場合には、測定は打切られ、
「測定不能」がＣＲＴ７に表示される。Next, when D (i) changes in step S8, d is reset to (d + Del), and the routine returns to step S3. Then, steps S3 to S8
When it is determined that D (i) does not change (saturate) even after elapse of time Ts (step S
9) The saturation value Del is determined as the final saturation value Den (step S10). If the time after the start of the measurement exceeds Tm in step S4, the measurement is terminated.
"Measurement impossible" is displayed on the CRT 7.
【００１９】図４は上記の経過を示すグラフである。図
４に示すようにＤenを１００％、Ｄminを０％として散
乱光量が５０％に達する時間ｔ２が凝固時間として算出
され（ステップＳ１１）、図４のグラフとｔ２の値がＣ
ＲＴ７に表示される。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the above process. As shown in FIG. 4, a time t2 at which the scattered light amount reaches 50%, where Den is 100% and Dmin is 0%, is calculated as the coagulation time (step S11), and the graph of FIG.
Displayed on RT7.
【００２０】このように、計測部６は、散乱光量Ｄ
（ｉ）の飽和を検出した時にその後の所定時間Ｔｓ内に
散乱光量Ｄ（ｉ）がさらに増加するか否かを測定し、増
加するときには次の飽和を検出するという作業をくり返
し行い、散乱光量の飽和が最終的に検出されたとき、そ
の飽和値Ｄenに基づいて、凝固時間を算出する。As described above, the measuring unit 6 calculates the scattered light amount D
When the saturation of (i) is detected, it is measured whether or not the amount of scattered light D (i) further increases within a predetermined time Ts after that, and when it increases, the operation of detecting the next saturation is repeated, and the amount of scattered light is repeated. Is finally detected, the coagulation time is calculated based on the saturation value Den.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、複雑な凝固過程を示
す血液検体であっても、その凝固時間を正確に測定する
ことができる。According to the present invention, the clotting time of a blood sample showing a complicated clotting process can be accurately measured.
【図１】この発明の実施例を示す構成説明図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration explanatory view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】実施例の動作を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the embodiment.
【図３】実施例における散乱光量の時間的変化を示すグ
ラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing a temporal change in the amount of scattered light in the example.
【図４】実施例における散乱光量の時間的変化を示すグ
ラフである。FIG. 4 is a graph showing a temporal change in the amount of scattered light in the example.
【符号の説明】 １ 試験管 ２ 試薬供給器 ３ ピペット ４ ＬＥＤ ５ フォトダイオード ６ 計測部 ７ ＣＲＴ[Description of Signs] 1 Test tube 2 Reagent feeder 3 Pipette 4 LED 5 Photodiode 6 Measurement unit 7 CRT
Claims (4)
された血液試料に光を照射する光源と、血液試料からの
散乱光を受光する受光器と、血液試料に凝固用試薬が添
加された後の散乱光量の時間的変化における飽和を測定
して凝固時間を算出する計測部を備え、 計測部は、散乱光量を経時的に検出する検出部と、散乱
光量が増加するか否かを判定する判定部と、散乱光量の
飽和を検出した時にその後の所定時間内に散乱光量がさ
らに増加するか否かを判定し増加するときには次の飽和
を検出するという処理が繰り返し行われるように検出部
と判定部とを制御する制御部と、散乱光量の飽和が最終
的に検出されたときその飽和値に基づいて凝固時間を算
出する算出部を備えた血液凝固測定装置。1. A translucent container for storing a blood sample, a light source for irradiating the stored blood sample with light, a light receiving device for receiving scattered light from the blood sample, and a coagulation reagent added to the blood sample. A measuring unit that measures the saturation in the temporal change of the scattered light amount after the calculation and calculates the coagulation time, the measuring unit detects a scattered light amount over time, and determines whether the scattered light amount increases. And a determination unit for determining whether the scattered light amount is further increased within a predetermined period of time after detecting the saturation of the scattered light amount and detecting the next saturation when the scattered light amount is increased. A blood coagulation measurement device comprising: a control unit that controls a detection unit and a determination unit; and a calculation unit that calculates a coagulation time based on a saturation value of scattered light when saturation is finally detected.
順次取り込んで格納し、判定部が凝固反応開始を検知し
た後に、最新の取込み値と最近に取り込んだ複数の取込
み値の各々との差が所定値よりも小さいときにその最新
の取込み値を飽和値として散乱光量が飽和したことを検
出する請求項１記載の血液凝固測定装置。2. The detecting unit sequentially captures and stores the value of the scattered light amount at predetermined time intervals, and after the determination unit detects the start of the coagulation reaction, each of the latest captured value and a plurality of recently captured values. The blood coagulation measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the difference from the measured value is smaller than a predetermined value, the latest captured value is used as a saturation value to detect that the amount of scattered light is saturated.
値との差を算出し、その差が第１所定値より小さいとき
散乱光量は増加しないと判定する請求項２記載の血液凝
固測定装置。3. The blood coagulation according to claim 2, wherein the determination unit calculates a difference between the latest saturation value and the latest capture value, and determines that the scattered light amount does not increase when the difference is smaller than the first predetermined value. measuring device.
値との差の、最新の飽和値と最小取込み値との差に対す
る比を算出し、その比が第２所定値より小さいとき散乱
光量は増加しないと判定する請求項２記載の血液凝固測
定装置。4. A determination unit calculates a ratio of a difference between the latest captured value and the minimum captured value to a difference between the latest saturated value and the minimum captured value, and scatters when the ratio is smaller than a second predetermined value. The blood coagulation measuring device according to claim 2, wherein it is determined that the light amount does not increase.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27968096A JP3722570B2 (en) | 1996-10-22 | 1996-10-22 | Blood coagulation measuring device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27968096A JP3722570B2 (en) | 1996-10-22 | 1996-10-22 | Blood coagulation measuring device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10123140A true JPH10123140A (en) | 1998-05-15 |
| JP3722570B2 JP3722570B2 (en) | 2005-11-30 |
Family
ID=17614379
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27968096A Expired - Lifetime JP3722570B2 (en) | 1996-10-22 | 1996-10-22 | Blood coagulation measuring device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3722570B2 (en) |
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