JPH10116082A - Waveform generating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make possible obtaining a new performance effect and to make a musical effect rich by reproducing while switching a pitch of a waveform while reproducing to the pitch answering to after performance information from its input point of time when the after performance information is inputted while reproducing the waveform read out from a waveform memory. SOLUTION: An A/D converter 4 A/D converts an inputted analog waveform signal to a digital waveform signal, and a digital signal processor(DSP) 8 digital reproduction processes the waveform data to store them in a waveform memory 12, and a D/A converter 14 converts the digital waveform signal reproduction outputted from the DSP 8 to output it. A CPU 22 controls the DSP 8, and when the after performance information is inputted from a key board 30, and a reproduction start is instructed while reading out the waveform data, it ends the read-out of the waveform data by former performance information until then, and reads out the part after the timing when the after performance information among these waveform data are inputted by the pitch answering to the after performance information.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a waveform generator for an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly, to a waveform generator for reading and reproducing waveform data stored in a memory. Such a waveform generator is used for an electronic musical instrument called a sampler, for example.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when reading and reproducing waveform data in an electronic musical instrument such as a sampler, generally, a reproduction pitch and a reproduction start / reproduction are determined by turning on / off a key on a keyboard.
The end is specified, and the waveform data is reproduced at the specified pitch. The pitch control at this time is realized by reading from the memory at a reading speed corresponding to the reproduced pitch. Therefore, when reading the same waveform from the memory, the reproduction time differs depending on the pitch.

[0003]

In a conventional sampler or the like, when a key operation corresponding to a specific performance operation such as legato performance is performed, waveform data generated according to the first operation key is converted to the next operation key. I couldn't continue to pronounce according to the key. The reproduction of the waveform data is performed from the head of the waveform data every time a reproduction instruction is given by a key performance. Alternatively, even if a reproduction instruction is given during the reproduction after a reproduction instruction of the waveform data is given, the reproduction waveform for which the reproduction instruction is given later starts reproduction from the head of the waveform data. For this reason, it was monotonous as a musical effect.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for generating a waveform in the above-described waveform generator when a subsequent reproduction instruction is given during reproduction of the waveform. An object of the present invention is to enrich the reproduction mode and the musical effect.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a waveform generator according to the present invention comprises, as one mode, a waveform storage means for storing waveform data, and a start / reproduction of the waveform data. Performance information input means for inputting performance information indicating end and pitch, and waveform reading means for reading the waveform data of the waveform storage means at a pitch corresponding to the performance information input from the performance information input means. The waveform reading means is configured to read out the waveform data started in response to the preceding performance information input by the performance information input means, and to input the subsequent performance information and instruct reproduction start. The reading of the waveform data based on the preceding performance information is terminated, and the portion of the waveform data after the timing at which the subsequent performance information is input corresponds to the subsequent performance information. It was configured to read in the pitch. In the waveform generator configured as described above, when the subsequent performance information is input, the pitch of the previously reproduced waveform is
From the input point of the subsequent performance information, switching is performed so as to be reproduced at the pitch corresponding to the subsequent performance information, and a new performance effect can be obtained. For example, a sound pronounced "Roland" is stored in the waveform memory, and when performance information is input on the keyboard, "Roland" is reproduced at a pitch (pitch) corresponding to the first depressed key. However, when it is read to “low” for the first key press,
When the second key is pressed while the first key is held down, "land" is reproduced at a pitch corresponding to the second key. Therefore, "low" is played at the pitch corresponding to the first key,
Subsequently, the “land” is reproduced at the pitch corresponding to the second key.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waveform generating device for storing waveform data, storing performance data for inputting performance information for instructing start / end of reproduction of the waveform data and pitch. Input means, and waveform reading means for reading the waveform data of the waveform storage means at a pitch corresponding to the performance information inputted from the performance information input means, wherein the waveform reading means comprises the performance information input means. During the reading of the waveform data started in response to the previous performance information input in step 2, when the subsequent performance information is input and the reproduction start is instructed, the reading of the waveform data based on the previous performance information up to that point is performed. Subsequently, a portion of the waveform data after the timing at which the subsequent performance information is input,
In parallel with the reading of the stored waveform data based on the preceding performance information, the reading is performed at a pitch corresponding to the subsequent performance information. In the waveform generator configured as described above, when the subsequent performance information is input, the waveform reproduced based on the previous performance information continues to be reproduced at the same pitch thereafter, and in parallel with that, From the input time point of the subsequent performance information, the waveform after the input time point of the waveform being reproduced is reproduced at a pitch corresponding to the subsequent performance information, and a new performance effect can be obtained. For example, a sound pronounced "Roland" is stored in the waveform memory, and when performance information is input on the keyboard, "Roland" is reproduced at a pitch (pitch) corresponding to the first depressed key. However, when the second key is pressed while the first key is being read to “low” for the first key pressed, the key corresponding to the first key is pressed thereafter. At the pitch, "land" is reproduced, and at the same time, "land" is reproduced at the pitch corresponding to the second key. Therefore, "low"
Is reproduced as a single tone at the pitch corresponding to the first key, and after the second key is pressed, "land" is reproduced at each pitch by two tones.

Each of the above-mentioned waveform generators has time information generating means for generating time information indicating a change on a time axis, and the waveform reading means has the time information regardless of the pitch at which the waveform data is read. The reading of the waveform data can be performed at a constant speed in accordance with a temporal change corresponding to the time information of the information generating means. In this way, in the above-described waveform generator of the first embodiment, while the pitch of the preceding performance information is different from the pitch of the subsequent performance information,
The time for reproducing the waveform data can always be the same. In the waveform generator of the second embodiment, the waveform is reproduced by a plurality of sounds after the subsequent performance information is input. However, the time at which the waveform reproduction ends for each sound is always the same, and the sense of discomfort is eliminated. .

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a waveform generator of an electronic musical instrument according to one embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 12 denotes a waveform memory including a RAM for storing waveform data to be reproduced. Reference numeral 8 denotes a DSP for performing digital data processing for reproducing waveform data in the waveform memory 12.
(Digital signal processor). 14 is DSP8
A D / A converter that D / A converts a digital waveform signal reproduced and output from the D / A into an analog waveform signal and outputs the analog waveform signal, and A / D converts the input analog waveform signal into a digital waveform signal and inputs it to the DSP 8 / D converter. This A
The digital waveform signal input from the / D converter 4 is DS
From P8, it can be stored in the waveform memory 12 as waveform data.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a CPU (central processing unit).
The overall control of the apparatus such as the control of the DSP 8 and the detection and processing of the states of the operator group 20 and the keyboard 30 are performed. Reference numeral 20 denotes a group of operators, including a mode switch (MODE-SW), a bank switch (BANK-SW), an assign switch (ASSIGN-SW), a formant setting operator (F-VR), and a time companding amount setting operator. (TCOM
P) etc. Reference numeral 30 denotes a keyboard for performing a performance operation, and is also used for instructing the pitch of reproduction and the start / end of reproduction by turning on / off a key when reproducing the waveform data in the waveform memory 12. A large-capacity hard disk device 33 stores a large amount of waveform data and the like, and the waveform data is transferred to the waveform memory 12 as needed. 31 is a RAM as a working memory used for arithmetic processing of the CPU 22, etc., and 32 is a CP
It is a ROM as a memory for storing U22 and DSP8 programs and parameters.

The function of each operator in the operator group 20 will be described below. The mode switch (MODE-SW) is a switch for selecting one of a recording mode (REC), an editing mode (EDIT), and a reproduction mode (PLAY). Here, the recording mode (REC) is for recording (sampling) a tone signal input from the outside, the editing mode (EDIT) is for editing the waveform sampled in the recording mode, and the playback mode (P
LAY) is a mode in which the waveform data in the waveform memory 12 is reproduced in accordance with the performance operation of the keyboard.

The bank switch (BANK-SW) is a switch for selecting one of a plurality of waveform data stored in the waveform memory 12.

An assign switch (ASSIGN-SW) is a switch for setting a sound generation mode, and can set the following four modes. [Monophonic 1: MONO1] This is a mode in which only one voice is sounded, and when a legato playing technique is performed, a retrigger is performed by a subsequent key depression. [Monophonic 2: MONO1] This mode produces only one voice, and does not trigger retrigger even if legato playing is performed. [Polyphonic 1: POLY1] This is a mode in which a plurality of voices can be generated, and when a legato playing technique is performed, a retrigger is performed by a subsequent key press. [Polyphonic 2: POLY2] This is a mode in which a plurality of voices can be sounded, and retrigger is not performed even if legato playing is performed. Here, the “legato playing technique” is a playing technique in which the second key is pressed while the first key of the keyboard is kept pressed, and the “retrigger” is a playback of the waveform data in the waveform memory 12. This means an operation that starts over from the beginning.

The formant setting operator (F-VR) is an operator for setting a shift amount of the formant from the original waveform data, and sets a later-described formant movement amount (also referred to as a formant change coefficient).

The time companding setting operator (TCOMP) is an operator for setting the time compensating amount on the time axis of the reproduced waveform data.

The above-mentioned DSP 8 has an operator setting table and a key information register. Hereinafter, these will be described. [Operation element setting table] FIG. 8 shows an example of the operation element setting table. This operation element setting table is provided in the DSP 8, and detects the operation state of the operation element group 20 in [reproduction processing] of the CPU 22, which will be described later, and sets the contents of the operation element setting table in accordance with the operation state. Is done. The items in the controller setting table include bank number (BANK), link mode (LINK-MODE), formant movement (F-VR), and time compression / expansion (TCOMP). Note))).

Here, the bank number (BANK) is the operator group 2
The bank number set by the bank switch (BANK-SW) of 0 is set, and the waveform data (waveform area number) to be reproduced is selected according to the bank number (BANK).

The link mode (LINK-MODE) is a group of operators 2
Assignment switch (ASSIGN-SW) of 0 is monophonic 2
Alternatively, it is set to “1” (meaning ON) when the mode of polyphonic 2 (that is, the mode that does not trigger retrigger) is set, and is set to “0” (OFF) when the mode of monophonic 1 or polyphonic 1 (that is, the mode of retrigger is set) Is set). That is, it is a register for setting whether to perform retrigger.

The formant movement amount (F-VR) is stored in the waveform memory 1
The amount of formant movement (shift amount) of the waveform data read and reproduced from the memory 2 is set.
The middle waveform data is reproduced with the same formant as the original waveform when the formant movement amount (F-VR) is “1”, and when the value is larger than “1”, the formant is higher than the original waveform. When the value is smaller than “1”, the formant is shifted to a lower frequency side than the original waveform and reproduced.

The time companding amount (TCOMP) is the time compression / compression time when reproducing the waveform data stored in the waveform memory 12.
The magnitude of the extension (that is, the waveform reproduction speed) is set as a numerical value. If the time companding amount (TCOMP) is “1”, the time changes at the same speed as the time change of the original waveform, and “1”
If the value is larger, the time changes faster than the original waveform and the reproduction time becomes shorter. If the value is smaller than "1", the time changes later than the original waveform and the reproduction time becomes longer.

[Key Information Register] The DSP 8 is provided with a key information register. In a [reproduction process] of the CPU 22, an operation of the keyboard 30 is detected, and key information is transferred to the DSP 8 by an assignment process. It is temporarily stored in the information register. FIG. 9 shows a configuration example of the key information register. Key information includes key-on / key-off information (KeyOn / Off), pitch information (Pitch), voice module information (Voice-No.), Level information (Level)
Consists of For example, key-on information: “KeyOn / Pitch / Voice-No. / Level” key-off information: “KeyOff / Pitch / Voice-No. / Level”.

Note that this key information register is stored in the DSP 8
In the case where new key information is transferred from the CPU 22 before the reception processing in the above, the input is performed first with a configuration such as a shift register capable of temporarily storing a plurality of pieces of key information. What is necessary is just to make it the structure which outputs the obtained information first. That is, the same processing as the reception processing of the MIDI signal is performed.

The waveform memory 12 includes a parameter storage unit and a waveform data storage unit. The data structures of these storage units are shown in FIGS. FIG. 10 shows the data configuration of the parameter storage unit, and FIG. 11 shows the data configuration of the waveform data storage unit. The parameter storage unit is divided into segments at addresses of $ 800, and the waveform data storage unit is divided into segments at addresses of $ 8000. Each segment is divided into wave0, wave1, and wave2 regions in ascending order of address.
.. Are assigned with waveform area numbers. For example, if the parameter of a certain waveform is stored in the wave0 area of the parameter storage unit, the waveform data of the waveform is stored in the waveform data storage unit in the same number of wave numbers corresponding to the parameter.
0 is stored in the area. Note that the addresses in FIGS. 10 and 11 are represented by hexadecimal numbers, and hereinafter, in the present specification, the numbers are prefixed with {} such as {800} to indicate that they are hexadecimal numbers. .

First, the data structure of the parameter storage unit will be described with reference to FIG. For example, in the wave0 area, what is stored at the address "0000" is a header, and the end address endasrs is stored as the data content, and the start address information is stored after the address "0001". The start address sadrs is an address at which a waveform section of one pitch in the waveform data storage section starts, and the waveform pitch spitch is an address width of a waveform section of one pitch in the waveform data storage section (hereinafter, simply referred to as a waveform section). is there. As the start address information, the start address sadrs of the waveform section and the waveform pitch spitch are stored as a pair in the parameter storage unit. For example, the first waveform section of the waveform data has a start address sadrs0 and a waveform pitch spitch0, and the subsequent waveform section has a start address sadrs1 and a waveform pitch spit0.
In the case of ch1, the first start address sadrs 0 and the waveform pitch spitch0 are stored at addresses "0001" and "OOO2", respectively, and the subsequent start address sadrs1 and the waveform pitch spitch1
Are stored at addresses "0003" and "OO04", respectively.

Next, the data structure of the waveform data storage unit is shown in FIG.
Explaining in accordance with No. 1, the sampling value wave data is stored in each wave area in a sequential address order.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below with reference to the flowchart. FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of a main routine as a process performed by the CPU 22. When the main routine starts, the mode switch (MODE-SW) of the operator group 20 is set to the recording mode, the editing mode,
It is monitored which of the playback modes has been operated (step A). When the operation is performed, it is determined whether the operation is a recording mode, an edit mode, or a playback mode (step B). In the recording mode, a recording (REC) process is performed (step C). In the editing mode, editing (E) is performed.
DIT) processing is performed (step D), and if it is in the reproduction mode, reproduction (PLAY) processing is performed (step E).

FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of a recording processing routine in the recording mode. The recording process is a process of recording (sampling) a tone signal input from the outside. After setting a recording mode by a mode switch (MODE-SW), the operator of a sampling start is operated (step C3). Sampling starts and recording (sampling processing) is performed (step C).
4). The data of the tone signal to be sampled is stored in the waveform memory 12. To exit from the recording processing routine and return to the main routine, operate the EXIT operator (step C2).

FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of an editing processing routine in the editing mode. The editing process includes changing the waveform sampled in the recording mode, changing the waveform to reproducible waveform data, transferring the waveform data to the hard disk device 33, and transferring the waveform data from the hard disk device 33 to the waveform memory 12. (Step D3). To exit from this editing processing routine, the EXIT operator is operated (step D2).

FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of a reproduction processing routine in the reproduction mode. In the initial setting (step E1) of the reproduction processing routine, a register for operating the state of the operator group is reset so that the operator group can be operated, and the initial state of each operator is set. deep. In the initial state, a state corresponding to the operation of the operator is performed only when there is a change in each operator in [reproduction processing], so that the initial reference state is set.

The reproduction processing routine includes a mode switch (MOD
After the playback mode is set by E-SW), the operation is started by operating the playback start operator. The reproduction process (step E3) is a process for storing the waveform data in the waveform memory 12
This is a process of reproducing in accordance with the performance information from the keyboard 30. To exit from this reproduction process routine, the EXI
The operator operates the T operator (step E2).

FIGS. 6 and 7 show a detailed processing procedure of the reproducing process (step E3) in the reproducing mode.
This reproduction process is executed by the CPU 22. In this reproduction process, a process of detecting the setting by the operation group 20 and the performance operation by the keyboard 30, transferring the operation information to the DSP 8, and storing it is performed.

When the reproduction process is started, the operation state of the operator group 20 is scanned, and a bank switch (BANK-SW), an assign switch (ASSIGN-SW), a formant setting operator (FV
R), the operation state of the time companding amount setting operator (TCOMP) is detected (step E300). When there is a change in these operation states, a setting process to the operator setting table or the like is performed in accordance with the switch operation as described below.

First, it is checked whether there is a change in the operation of the bank switch (BANK-SW) (step E301). If there is a change, the bank number (BANK-SW) set by the bank switch (BANK-SW) is determined. BANK) is set to the bank number (BANK) in the operator setting table of the DSP 8.

Next, it is checked whether or not the operation of the assign switch (ASSIGN-SW) has changed (step E303). If there is a change, the mode set by the assign switch (ASSIGN-SW) is changed. It is determined whether it is monophonic 2 or polyphonic 2. If the determination is affirmative (determined as monophonic 2 or polyphonic 2), a mode in which “retrigger” is not performed is set. In this case, the link mode in the operator setting table of the DSP 8 is set.
(LINK-MODE) is set to “1”. If a negative determination is made, the mode for performing “retrigger” is set,
In this case, "0" is set in the link mode (LINK-MODE) of the operator setting table of the DSP 8. Further, it is determined whether the mode set by the assign switch (ASSIGN-SW) is monophonic (1 or 2) or polyphonic (1 or 2).
If it is, the assignment flag (AS-FLG) is set to monophonic (MONO) (step E308), and if it is polyphonic 1 or 2, it is set to polyphonic (POLY) (step E309). This assignment flag
(AS-FLG) allows one voice to be assigned to the voice module (tone generation channel) (in the case of monophonic)
Or multiple voices (in the case of polyphonic).

Next, it is checked whether or not there is a change in the formant setting operator (F-VR) (step E310). If there is a change, the detected value is stored in the formant setting table of the DSP8. Set to the movement amount (F-VR) (step E3
11). Similarly, it is checked whether or not there is a change in the time companding amount setting operator (TCOMP) (step E312). If there is a change, the detected value is used as the time companding time in the operator setting table of the DSP 8. (TCOMP) (Step E31)
3).

After these setting operations, operation key information (key information) from the keyboard 30 is detected (step E3).
14). Then, the state of the assign flag (AS-FLG) is determined (step E315), and this is determined as monophonic (MONO).
If it is, the operation key is assigned to one voice module, and the detected key information is transferred to the DSP 8 (step E316). If it is polyphonic (POLY),
The operation keys are assigned to a plurality of voice modules, and the detected key information is transferred to the DSP 8 (step E317).
The DSP 8 temporarily stores the received key information in a key information register. The assignment process to one voice module or a plurality of voice modules will be described below.

[Allocation processing to one voice module] This is an allocation processing of a mode for generating only a single sound (one voice).
As a result of the detection of the key information of the keyboard 30, the last pressed key among the operation keys is preferentially assigned to one voice module (tone generating channel). In this assignment process, since the assignment is to one voice module, the value of the voice module information (Voice-No.) Is always "No. 1".

[Allocation Processing to a Plurality of Voice Modules] This is processing for allocating a mode in which a plurality of sounds can be generated. As a result of the detection of the key information of the keyboard 30, only a predetermined number of pressed keys of the operation keys are allocated to a predetermined number of voice modules. In this embodiment, the number of a plurality of voices is two. Even if a predetermined number of voices (2 in this embodiment) is operated, it is not accepted. When key-on information is entered,
The allocation process is performed only when there is a free voice.

If the key-on information is transferred and the assignment switch (ASSIGN-SW) is changed while a tone is being produced, there may be inconveniences in operation such as the tone being produced does not stop. Therefore, in order to prevent such inconvenience, if the operation mode is changed by operating the assign switch (ASSIGN-SW) while a tone is sounding, key-off information is transferred to all the tones being sounded. I am trying to do it. Then, key-on information during sound generation (during key depression) is transferred in a new operation mode.

The above-mentioned assignment process uses a well-known generator assigning technique of assigning a key press to a sound source in an electronic musical instrument having a number of sound sources smaller than the number of keys, and thus the details are omitted.

Next, the processing of the DSP 8 which has received the transfer of the key information will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13 are flowcharts showing a main routine of the DSP 8, which is repeatedly executed at a sampling cycle. The key information register is monitored to determine whether new key information has been transferred from the CPU 22 (step F1). If the key information has been transferred, the voice mute processing in the following steps F2 to F16 is performed based on the content of the key information register. If the key information is not transferred, the process jumps to readout / output processing in steps F17 to F22 described later.

When the key information is transferred, the voice module information (Voice-No.) Of the key information is checked (step F2). In this embodiment, the number of voice modules is two, and therefore the voice module information (Voice-No.) Is also Vo-number.
ice-No.1 and Voice-No.2. Here, voice 2
Is assigned only for polyphonic 1 or 2. Therefore, when the voice module information is Voice-No. 1, the mode includes both monophonic and polyphonic modes, and when the voice module information is Voice-No. 2, the mode is polyphonic.

If the voice module information is Voice-No. 1, it is further determined whether the key information is key-on information KeyOn or key-off information KeyOff (step F3). Voice 1
(Voice module No. 1) is silenced (step F4). As shown in FIG. 14, the details of the silencing process are as follows: SCNT (1) = 0 LEVEL (1) = 0 SPHASE (1) = ENDADRS (1).

Here, the numbers in parentheses are the numbers of the voice modules. SPHASE is a parameter for managing the progress of the time required for waveform reproduction, and is referred to herein as a progress position. The advancing position SPHASE is represented by the address value of the waveform data (address value of the waveform data storage unit) with reference to the start address of the leading waveform section. SCNT (n) is a counter for managing the progress of sound generation of voice n, and counts a count value for updating waveform section information read from the waveform data storage unit (that is, updating the waveform pitch SPITCH and the start address SADRS). Things. Therefore, the above-described mute processing in FIG.
NT is reset to 0, the volume level LEVEL is set to 0, and the progress position SPHASE is set to the end address ENDADRS so that the waveform reproduction does not proceed.

If the key information is key-on information KeyOn, the link mode (LINK-MODE) of the controller setting table is checked. When the link mode (LINK-MODE) is “0”, the mode to perform “retrigger”, that is, when new key-on information KeyOn is received, even if the waveform data is being reproduced, it is reproduced from the beginning of the waveform data. Therefore, the [voice 1 sound generation start process] is performed (step F1).
0). The [voice start processing of voice 1] is, in short, a process of reading the parameters and waveform data of the corresponding waveform from the waveform memory 12 from the beginning.

The conditions under which this [voice start processing of voice 1] is executed are as follows. When the key-on information for voice 1 is input in the monophonic 1 mode. When the key-on information for voice 1 is input when the voice 1 is not sounded in the monophonic 2 mode. When key-on information for voice 1 is input in the polyphonic 1 mode. When key-on information for voice 1 is input while voice 2 is not being sounded in the polyphonic 2 mode. (In this mode, voice 1 is assigned after confirming that it is not sounded in the assignment process).

As shown in FIG. 16, the specific contents of the [voice 1 sound generation start process] are as follows: PITCH (1) = Pitch LEVEL (1) = Level SCNT (1) = 0 ENDADRS (1) = @ (BANK * $ 800) SPHASE (1) = @ (BANK * $ 800 + SCNT (1) +1) SPITCH (1) = @ (BANK * $ 800 + SCNT (1) +2) SADRS (1) = @ (BANK * $ 800 + SCNT (1 ) +3) START (1) = SPHASE (1) WIDTH (1) = 0 S-FLG1 (1) = 0 S-FLG2 (1) = 0 SCNT (1) = 1

Here, START is the start address of the waveform section actually (currently) read from the waveform data storage unit. In the above, “*” indicates multiplication, and “＠” indicates that data is read from the address indicated in parentheses. For example, ENDADRS (1) = @ (BANK * $ 800) means that the content (data) is read from (BANK * $ 800) indicated by the read pointer of the parameter storage unit and set to ENDADRS (1).

The above-mentioned voice 1 sound generation start processing is performed for voice 1
About pitch information Pitch and level information
The level is transferred to the key information registers PITCH (1) and LEVEL (1), the counter SCNT (1) is reset to the initial value “0”, and the end address ENDADRS of the waveform data of the corresponding bank number BANK (waveform area number) (1) is read from the start address "0000" of the waveform area of the bank number BANK in the waveform parameter storage unit and set, and the advancing position SPHASE (1) is set to the second address "0001" from the top in the waveform parameter storage unit.
(The start address of the first waveform section is stored.)
(1) is set as the start address START (1), and the waveform pitch SPITCH (1) of the first waveform section of the waveform data is read from the second address "0002" from the first address and set, and the waveform data is read. After performing processing such as reading and setting the start address SADRS (1) of the second waveform section from the beginning from the third address "0003" from the beginning, the counter SCNT (1) is updated by one. It is set to 1.

When the link mode (LINK-MODE) is "1", a mode in which "retrigger" is not performed, that is, when new key-on information KeyOn is received, if the waveform data is being reproduced, the waveform after that time is reproduced. Data to the key-on information
In this mode, the pitch is changed to the pitch specified by KeyOn for playback. In this case, first, it is determined whether or not the start counter SCNT (1) is 0 (step F6). Where the start counter SCNT
(n) is a counter for managing the progress of sound generation of voice n. If this value is "0", it indicates that voice n has not yet sounded. If any value has been reached, sound generation has already been started. Indicates that

If the value of the start counter SCNT (1) is other than "0", that is, if voice 1 is already sounding, the process proceeds to step F7 to perform link sound processing from voice 1 to voice 1 (step F7). Since the mode following this path is monophonic and the voice 1 is already sounding and does not perform “retrigger”, the waveform being sounded by the voice 1 is changed from the time when the key-on information is input. Pitch information (Pitch) in the key-on information for the same voice 1
Change to and play. The link sounding process is a process for this purpose. As shown in FIG. 18, the pitch Pitch (1) and the level information Level (1) of the key information register are converted into pitch information (Pitch) in the received key-on information. And the level information (Level), that is, as shown in FIG. 18, Pitch (1) = Pitch Level (1) = Level.

The condition for executing the [link sound generation processing from voice 1 to voice 1] is performed when key-on information for voice 1 is input while voice 1 is sounding in the monophonic 2 mode. Only when
In the allocation process, key-on information for voice 1 is allocated while voice 1 is sounding.

In step F6, the counter SCNT (1) is set to "0".
That is, if the voice 1 has not sounded yet, it is further determined whether or not the counter SCNT (2) of the voice 2 is "0" (step F8). If the counter SCNT (2) is not "0", it means that the voice 2 is sounding, and the mode is polyphonic, and the input key-on information is the key-on information of the second depressed key in legato playing. In this case, while the sound reproduction of the waveform in the voice 2 is continued, the waveform after the input of the key-on information is
The reproduction at the pitch corresponding to the newly input key-on information is also performed by the voice 1. The process for this is step F9 [link sound generation process from voice 2 to voice 1].
The data of the waveform being reproduced held in the voice 2 is transferred to the voice 1, and the data is changed based on the newly input key-on information.

The condition for executing the [link sound generation processing from voice 2 to voice 1] is executed when key-on information for voice 1 is input while voice 2 is sounding in the polyphonic 2 mode. In this mode, voice 1 is allocated after confirming that it is not sounded in the allocation process.

As shown in FIG. 20, the specific contents of [link sound generation processing from voice 2 to voice 1] are as follows: PITCH (1) = Pitch LEVEC (1) = Level SCNT (1) = SCNT (2) ENDADRS (1) = ENDADRS (2) SPHASE (1) = SPHASE (2) SPITCH (1) = SPITCH (2) SADRS (1) = SADRS (2) START (1) = START (2) WIDTH (1) = This is the process of setting 0 S-FLG1 (1) = 0 S-FLG2 (1) = 0.

That is, in the link tone generation process, the pitch information pitch and the level information Level input by the key are registered in the key information register PITCH in order to change the pitch and level of the sound generated by the voice 2 and pass the sound to the voice 1. (1) Transcribe to LEVEL (1) and register SCNT (2) in voice 2
, ENDADRS (2), SPHASE (2), SADRS (2), START (2) are stored in registers SCNT (1), ENDADRS (1),
These are copied to SPHASE (1), SADRS (1), and START (1), respectively.

In step F8, the counter SCNT (2)
Is "0", it means that the voice 2 is not yet sounded, and the mode is monophonic or polyphonic. If you follow this route, Voice 1 and Voice 2
Is not pronounced, the newly input key-on information is not the second key press in the legato playing technique, so this key-on information is assigned to voice 1 and the waveform data is reproduced from the beginning. In this case, the aforementioned step F1
0 [sound generation start processing of voice 1] is performed.

On the other hand, if the voice module information (Voice-No.) Is Voice-No. 2 in the determination in step F2, the mode is polyphonic. In this case, the key information is key-on information KeyOn or key-off information KeyOff information.
Is determined (step F11), and if the key-off information is KeyOff, the voice 2 (No. 2 voice module) which has been sounding up to that time is silenced (step F1).
6). As shown in FIG. 15, the details of the silencing processing are processing for setting SCNT (2) = 0 LEVEL (2) = 0 SPHASE (2) = ENDADRS (2).

When the key information is the key-on information KeyOn, the link mode (LINK-MODE) of the controller setting table is checked. When the link mode (LINK-MODE) is “0”, the mode to perform “retrigger”, that is, when new key-on information KeyOn is received, even if the waveform data is being reproduced, it is reproduced from the beginning of the waveform data. Therefore, the [voice 2 sound generation start process] is performed (step F1).
3). This [voice start processing of voice 2] is, in short, a process of reading the parameters and waveform data of the corresponding waveform from the waveform memory 12 from the top thereof and generating a sound with voice 2.

The conditions for executing the [voice 2 sound generation start processing] are as follows: when the key-on information for the voice 2 is input in the polyphonic 1 mode, when the voice 2 is not sounded in the polyphonic 2 mode. When the key-on information for the voice 2 is input to the following. The assignment to voice 2 is polyphonic 1,
Performed only for polyphonic 2.

As shown in FIG. 17, the specific contents of this [voice 2 sound generation start processing] are as follows: PITCH (2) = Pitch LEVEL (2) = Level SCNT (2) = 0 ENDADRS (2) = @ (BANK * $ 800) SPHASE (2) = @ (BANK * $ 800 + SCNT (2) +1) SPITCH (2) = @ (BANK * $ 800 + SCNT (2) +2) SADRS (2) = @ (BANK * $ 800 + SCNT (2 ) +3) START (2) = SPHASE (2) WIDTH (2) = 0 S-FLG1 (2) = 0 S-FLG2 (2) = 0 SCNT (2) = 1

The link mode (L
When INK-MODE) is “1”, the mode in which “retrigger” is not performed, that is, when new key-on information KeyOn is received, if the waveform data is being reproduced, the waveform data after that point is copied to the key-on information KeyOn information. This is a mode in which the pitch is changed to the pitch specified in and reproduced. In this case, first, it is determined whether or not the counter SCNT (1) is 0 (step F14).

If the counter SCNT (1) is "0", that is, if the voice 1 is not yet sounded, the above-described step F1 is executed.
3 is performed.

If the value of the counter SCNT (1) is other than "0", that is, if the voice 1 is already sounding, the flow shifts to step F15 to perform a link sound generation process from the voice 1 to the voice 2. Since the mode following this path is polyphonic and voice 1 is already sounding and does not perform “retrigger”, the waveform sounding in voice 1 is changed from the time when the key-on information is input. Voice 1 continues to be pronounced, and at the same time, Voice 2
Also in the above, the pitch information (Pitch) in the key-on information is changed and reproduced. The above-mentioned [link sound generation process from voice 1 to voice 2] is a process for this.

The condition for executing the [link sound generation process from voice 1 to voice 2] is when the key-on information for voice 2 is input while voice 1 is sounding in the polyphonic 2 mode.

As shown in FIG. 19, the specific contents of [link sound generation processing from voice 1 to voice 2] are as follows: PITCH (2) = Pitch LEVEC (2) = Level SCNT (2) = SCNT (1) ENDADRS (2) = ENDADRS (1) SPHASE (2) = SPHASE (1) SPITCH (2) = SPITCH (1) SADRS (2) = SADRS (1) START (2) = START (1) WIDTH (2) = This is a process for setting 0 S-FLG1 (2) = 0 S-FLG2 (2) = 0.

When the above processing is completed for the input of the key information, the voice module number n is set to "1" (step F17), and the reading processing of the voice module (n) is performed (step F18). This read processing will be described later in detail. Thereafter, it is determined whether the voice module number n is the final number (in this embodiment, the number of voices is 2) (step F19). If the voice module number n has not reached the final number, the voice module number n is incremented by one (step F19).
20), repeat the reading process of the voice module of that number.

When the voice module number becomes the final number, the outputs OUT (1) and OUT (2) of the voices 1 and 2 are added up to obtain a composite output OUT (step F21).
OUT is output (step F22).

"Read processing" in step SF18 described above.
Extracts a phoneme segment from a sample waveform (voice) and reproduces the phoneme segment at a period corresponding to a desired reproduction pitch while substantially maintaining the formant characteristics of the phoneme segment, thereby forming a formant characteristic of the sample waveform. The pitch is converted while maintaining the same.

In this reading process, the pitch of the waveform to be reproduced is changed according to the pitch of the key pressed on the keyboard, but the reproduction time depends on the magnitude of the reproduction pitch (that is, which key is pressed). Constant. That is, in the case of polyphonic, the second depressing of the legato playing technique causes the second key depressing in parallel with the waveform reproduction corresponding to the pitch of the first depressing.
When the waveform is reproduced according to the pitch of the key depressed, 1
The end of the second waveform reproduction and the end of the second waveform reproduction are simultaneous. On the other hand, when the pitch shift is performed simply by changing the reading speed as in the related art, the end of the reproduction of the first and second waveforms is shifted in such a case, causing a sense of incongruity. According to the embodiment,
Such discomfort can be eliminated.

The read processing operation will be described briefly. A desired section (a waveform section for one pitch) is sequentially used as a speech element based on parameter data from the waveform data stored in the waveform memory 12 in accordance with the passage of time. It is cut out and the cut-out phoneme pieces are reproduced at a pitch and formant different from those of the original waveform. that time,
The reproduction of this phoneme segment is performed in parallel on two processing paths, and each of the processing paths has a pitch cycle of 2 to be reproduced.
The phoneme pieces are reproduced in a double cycle and shifted from each other by a half cycle, and these are synthesized to obtain the original pitch cycle.

FIGS. 25 to 28 are diagrams for explaining this pitch conversion processing. Since the formant movement amount "F-VR" is slightly unnatural if the formant of the sampling data does not change at all after the pitch shift, the formant movement amount is "F-VR". If it is 1, there is no change. If it is other than 1, the formant is slightly changed. Here, the case where the formant movement amount (F-VR) is 1, that is, no formant change will be described with reference to FIGS. 25 and 26, and the case with the formant change will be described with reference to FIGS. 27 and 28.

First, with reference to FIG. 25, a description will be given of a case where the original waveform data is pitch-shifted to the lower frequency side and reproduced by designating the pitch by pressing a key on the keyboard. Here, the formant characteristics are not changed (formant movement amount “F-VR” = 1).

FIG. 25A shows the waveform data of the waveform memory 12, and the pitch Spitch0 indicated by the waveform parameter.
, Spitch1... At this pitch "SPITCH", phonemic segments are sequentially cut out. The pitch to be reproduced (that is, the pitch after shifting) is set to the reproduction pitch "WID" according to the key specified pitch "PITCH" specified by the pitch of the keyboard.
TH ”, that is,“ reproduction pitch “WIDTH” = key specified pitch “PITCH” ”. A reproduction phase "PHASE" having a period length of the reproduction pitch "WIDTH" is created as shown in FIG. 25 (b). From this phase "PHASE", the phase of two processing paths, that is, the phase shown in FIG. 1st processing path 1
Phase “PH 1”, the second of the second processing path shown in FIG.
Create phase "PH 2". Note that these first and second phases
"PH 1" and "PH 2" are incremented and increased in each sampling cycle

The first processing path is “first phase” P
H 1 "× formant movement amount" F-VR "" at the read speed, and the second processing path is "2nd phase" PH 2 "× formant movement amount" F-VR "" at the read speed, Each phoneme segment is read out sequentially. This reading speed is related to the change of the formant characteristics. However, in this case, the formant movement amount "FV
Since R "= 1, the change is equal to the change of the first and second phases" PH1 "and" PH2 ", and consequently the formant characteristic is not changed.

Further, the first and second phases "PH 1" and "PH 2"
In synchronism with the above, envelopes "ENV 1" and "ENV 2" for cutting out waveform data for formant processing are created for the first and second processing paths. The first processing path has the waveform of the envelope "ENV 1" shown in FIG. 25 (f), and the second processing path has the waveform of the envelope "ENV 2" shown in FIG. 25 (g). Envelope "ENV 1", "E
NV 2 "is a value in the range of 0 to 1 and the envelope length" LEN
GTH "is a half cycle, and in the first half cycle, it gradually increases from 0 to 1 and in the second half cycle, it gradually decreases from 1 to 0. The envelopes" ENV 1 "," ENV " The envelope length "LENGTH" of 2 "is obtained by" envelope length "LENGTH" = pitch "SPITCH" / formant movement amount "F-VR"".

In the first processing path, the speech element for two pitches of the waveform data is multiplied by the envelope "ENV1" to obtain the data shown in FIG.
5 (h) is obtained. Similarly, in the second processing path, a speech element for two pitches of the waveform data (a speech element piece for two pitches shifted by one pitch from the first processing path) is multiplied by the envelope “ENV 2”, and FIG. The waveform shown in (i) is obtained. According to such a processing method, these waveforms retain the formant characteristics of the phoneme segments of the original waveform data as they are. The waveforms of FIGS. 25 (h) and (i) are twice as long as the cycle length of the reproduction pitch "WIDTH", but when both waveforms are added, the cycle length of the reproduction pitch "WIDTH" is obtained. Accordingly, while the original sampling data is pitch-shifted to the low frequency side by the key designation pitch "PITCH" from the keyboard, the formant characteristic can be maintained as it is.

FIG. 26 shows the case where the reproduction pitch is reduced, that is, the original waveform data is pitch-shifted to the higher frequency side based on the key designation pitch "PITCH" from the keyboard. Here, the formant movement amount “F-VR” = 1.

As in the case of FIG. 25 described above, the read speed of the phoneme segment is determined by the first processing path: “first phase“ PH 1 ”× formant movement amount“ F-VR ”” and the second processing Since the path is “the second phase“ PH 2 ”× the amount of formant movement“ F-VR ””, it is equal to the change of the first and second phases “PH 1” and “PH 2”, and consequently the formant No changes are made to the properties.

However, since the envelope length "LENGTH" of the envelopes "ENV 1" and "ENV 2" is "envelope length" LENGTH "= pitch" SPITCH "/ formant movement amount" F-VR "" SPITCH "is calculated, but in the effect addition processing step described later, the envelope length" LENGTH "is limited so as not to be larger than the playback pitch" WIDTH ". Equals "WIDTH". In this way, the original sampling data can be shifted in pitch toward the high frequency side, while maintaining its formant characteristics.

FIG. 27 shows a case where the formant characteristic is changed (formant movement amount “F-VR”> 1). Here, to make it easier to understand, the key specified pitch "PITCH"
Is substantially equal to the pitch “SPITCH” of the original waveform data.

The reading speed of the phoneme segment is as follows: the first processing path is “first phase“ PH 1 ”× formant movement amount“ F-VR ””, and the second processing path is “second phase” PH 2 "× formant travel
"F-VR"", the first and second phases" PH 1 "," PH 2 "
, And as a result, the formant characteristic is shifted to a higher frequency side, and a change is applied.

Since the envelope length “LENGTH” of the envelopes “ENV 1” and “ENV 2” is “envelope length“ LENGTH ”= pitch“ SPITCH ”/ formant movement amount“ F-VR ””, the pitch “PITCH” Smaller than. As a result, the formant characteristics of the original waveform data can be changed.

FIG. 28 shows the key input pitch "PITC" as described above.
H "is assumed to be almost equal to the pitch" SPITCH "of the original waveform data, and the formant characteristics are changed (formant movement amount" FV
R "<1). The read speed of the phoneme segment is such that the first processing path is" first phase "PH 1" × formant movement amount "F-VR""and the second processing The path is “second phase“ PH 2 ”
× Since the formant movement amount is “F-VR”, it is slower than the change of the first and second phases “PH 1” and “PH 2”. As a result, the formant characteristic is shifted to the low frequency side, and the change is made. Will be granted.

Since the envelope length “LENGTH” of the envelopes “ENV 1” and “ENV 2” is “envelope length“ LENGTH ”= pitch“ SPITCH ”/ formant movement amount“ F-VR ””, the pitch “SPITCH” This is calculated so that the envelope length "LENGTH" is limited so as not to be larger than the playback pitch "WIDTH" in a step of the effect adding process described later, so the envelope length "LENGTH"
Is equal to the playback pitch "WIDTH". As a result, the formant characteristics of the original waveform data can be changed.

The operation of the reading process including the above effect addition will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.
Note that the parenthesized suffix (n) in FIGS. 21 and 22 means that it is a parameter or the like of the voice module number n, but in the following description, the description will be omitted unless otherwise required.

The DSP 8 has a pitch register (SPITCH) for storing a pitch "SPITCH" of a waveform section for one pitch of interest for processing, and a start address register for storing a start address "SADRS" for reading waveform data. (SADRS)
It has. In addition, the playback pitch cycle length "WIDT
Reproduction phase counter for counting whether H "has been reached
"PHASE", a first phase counter (PH1) for counting the phase "PH1" of the first waveform, and a second phase counter (PH2) for counting the phase "PH2" of the second waveform. Is also provided.

A reproduction pitch register (WIDTH) for storing a reproduction pitch “WIDTH” (= reproduction pitch cycle length).
, An envelope length register (LENGTH) for storing an envelope length "LENGTH" determined from a pitch "SPITCH" and a formant movement amount "F-VR", and an envelope "ENV" for a first waveform.
1 "for storing the first envelope waveform register (EN
V1) and a second envelope waveform register (ENV 2) for storing the envelope “ENV 2” of the second waveform.

Further, a register (WINDOW 1) for determining the shape of the envelope of the first waveform, a register (WINDOW 2) for determining the shape of the envelope of the second waveform,
Register determined based on the value of the envelope length "LENGTH"
A step rate register (W-RATE) for storing a step rate "W-RATE" of the value of (WINDOW 1) and (WINDOW 2), and a first step for storing a read start address "SADRS 1" of the first waveform. The read address register (SADRS 1) reads the second waveform read start address "SADRS
Second read address register (SADRS 2) that stores 2 "
, And a flag “F” used to determine the start position of reading the first and second waveforms and the like.

Hereinafter, the overall operation will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. This flowchart corresponds to the operation of FIGS. Each of the above registers is initialized when power is turned on. That is, the flags F (1) and F (2) are set to “1”, and the others, for example, registers SCNT (2), SCNT (1), WIDTH (1), WIDTH (2), PI
TCH (1), PITCH (2), LEVEL (1), LEVEL (2), ENDADRS (1),
Initialize ENDADRS (2) etc. to “0”.

In the following description, it is assumed that a short time has elapsed since the power was turned on, and that the appropriate values have already been stored in the registers and the counters by the processing of the flowchart. In addition, this flow chart shows DS
The process is executed each time waveform data is input from the waveform memory 12 to P8.

At the advancing position SPHASE (n), the start address sadrs0 of the head waveform section of the waveform area indicated by the bank number BANK in the parameter storage section of the waveform memory 12 is generated by the above-described voice sound generation processing or link sound generation processing.
Is stored. The progress position SPHASE manages the progress of time using this as a reference point. When the waveform data for one sample is supplied, the traveling position SPHASE (n) is set to the time companding amount TCOMP
Is incremented by one (step F31). That is, SPHASE (n) = SPHASE (n) + TCOMP. As a result of such an update, the time companding amount TCOMP
Is larger, the travel position SPHASE moves faster and the time required to reproduce the entire waveform is shorter, and conversely, the time companding amount TC
If the OMP is small, the traveling position SPHASE advances slowly, so that the time required to reproduce the entire waveform increases.

The progress position SPHASE and end address ENDADR
S is compared (step F32), and if the advancing position SPHASE is smaller than the end address ENDADRS, it means that the processing has not yet been completed to the end of the entire waveform. In this case, the traveling position SPHASE is compared with the start address SADRS (step F33). This start address is the start address of the following waveform section, as can be seen from the sound generation start processing of FIGS. Therefore the traveling position
If SPHASE is greater than the start address SADRS (n), the waveform section that has been processed up to that point has been completed, and the waveform section is updated to shift processing from this waveform section to the next waveform section. The updating of this waveform section is performed as follows. SPITCH (n) = @ (BANK * ＄ 800 + 2 + SCNT (n) * 2) SADRS (n) = @ (BANK * @ 800 + 3 + SCNT (n) * 2) SCNT (n) = SCNT (n) +1

That is, parameter data (waveform pits of the next one-pitch waveform section and the start address of the subsequent waveform section) are read out from the parameter storage section of the waveform memory 12, and are respectively read out of the current waveform section. Waveform pitch SPITCH (n), start address SADR of next waveform section
S (n) is set, and the counter SCNT (n) is incremented by one.

In step F33, the traveling position SPHASE
Is less than or equal to the start address SADRS (n) of the next waveform section,
Since the waveform section is not updated because it is still in the middle of the current waveform section, the process of step F34 is skipped.

Further, (START (n) + SPITCH (n)) is compared with the advancing position SPHASE to determine whether or not to update the start address START (n) (step F35). (ST
ART (n) + SPITCH (n)), if the travel position SPHASE is larger than the current waveform section, it means that the travel position SPHASE has exceeded the current waveform section. Update to the section value. This update starts from START address
(n) is incremented by the waveform pitch SPITCH (n) and performed (step F36). That is, START (n) = START (n) + SPITCH (n). When the traveling position SPHASE is equal to or less than (START (n) + SPITCH (n)), the head address is not updated.

At step F32, the traveling position SPHASE
Is greater than or equal to the end address ENDADRS, SPHASE (n) = ENDADRS (n). That is, the progress position SPHASE is set to the end address ENDADR.
The value of S is fixed (step F37), and the process skips steps F33 to F36 described above and proceeds to step F38. In this case, the waveform section and the start address are not updated (that is, the registers SPITCH, SADRS, SCNT, START
Do not update). In this method, when the advancing position SPHASE reaches the end of the entire waveform, its value is fixed to the end address ENDADRS to stop the advance. If such a restriction is not made, there is a possibility that other waveform data of the next succeeding waveform area will be read and become noise, but this restriction can prevent this.

When the large time companding amount TCOMP is set by the processing of the above steps F31 to F37, the traveling position SPHASE advances quickly, and the waveform section for one pitch is updated quickly, so that the waveform reproduction time is increased. Becomes shorter. Conversely, when the time companding amount TCOMP is small, the traveling position SPHASE advances slowly, and the update of the waveform section for one pitch is performed slowly, so that the waveform reproduction time becomes long. In addition, this time companding amount TCOM
If P is set to a relatively small value, the same waveform section is repeatedly reproduced a plurality of times, and waveform reproduction proceeds at a slow speed. This is because the traveling position SPHASE progresses slowly, so that the traveling position SPHASE does not easily become larger than the comparison value in the judgments of steps F33 and F35, and therefore, the same waveform is not easily updated. This is because the reading process from the section is repeatedly performed. On the other hand, if the time companding amount TCOMP is set to a considerably large value, in the update of the waveform section, the next succeeding waveform section may be skipped, and the reproduction of the waveform section may not be performed.

When the waveform data is reproduced while updating the waveform section using the advancing position SPHASE as a time reference as described above, the time length required for the waveform reproduction is set by the user regardless of the pitch of the reproduced waveform. It can be determined by the time companding amount. As a result, polyphonic mode 2
Even when two voice modules sound in parallel, the end time of the sound generation can be made simultaneous for the two voice modules.

In step F38, the reproduction phase "PHASE",
The value of the first phase "PH 1" and the value of the second phase "PH 2" are each increased by one (step F38). Next, the reproduction phase "PHASE"
And the value of the playback pitch length "WIDTH" (step F3).
9). The value of the playback pitch length "WIDTH" corresponds to the playback pitch. The value of the playback phase "PHASE" is the playback pitch length "W
If the value of "IDTH" has not been reached, step F4 described later
Proceed to 8 “Waveform reading process”. The playback pitch length "W
IDTH "is calculated in step F41 described later.

The value of the reproduction phase "PHASE" is equal to the reproduction pitch length "WID".
If it has reached the value of "TH", the value of the reproduction phase "PHASE" is set to 0 (step F40), and then the formant movement amount "FV"
R "is input and the value of the new playback pitch length" WIDTH "is set as the key specified pitch PITCH specified by the pitch of the keyboard, and this is stored in the register (WIDTH) as the playback pitch length" WIDTH " With the first waveform envelope "ENV 1"
, Period "LENGTH" of the envelope "ENV 2" of the second waveform
Is obtained by dividing the value of the pitch "SPITCH" by the formant movement amount "F-VR" and storing it in the register (LENGTH) (step F41).

Next, the value of the envelope cycle "LENGTH" is limited (steps F42 and F43). The value of the envelope cycle "LENGTH" is compared with the value of the playback pitch length "WIDTH" (step F42). If the value of the envelope cycle "LENGTH" is larger than the value of the playback pitch length "WIDTH", the envelope cycle The value of "LENGTH" is set as the value of the reproduction pitch length "WIDTH" (step F43). On the other hand, the envelope period "L
If the value of "ENGTH" is equal to or less than the value of the playback pitch length "WIDTH", the process of step S43 is not performed, whereby the envelope period "LENGTH" is changed to the playback pitch length "WIDTH".
Restrict it so that it doesn't get bigger.

Next, the reciprocal of the value of the envelope cycle "LENGTH" is obtained, and this is set as a step rate "W-RATE" in a register (WR).
ATE) (step F44). This step rate "WR
ATE "is used to increment the values of the registers (WINDOW 1) and (WINDOW 2). The polarity of the flag" F "is inverted. The processing in step F44 is step F3.
When the value of the reproduction phase "PHASE" becomes greater than or equal to the value of the reproduction pitch length "WIDTH", the flag "F" is inverted. Will be performed when the value of the
5 to FIG. 28 (c), the reproduction phase "PHAS
A waveform inverted to 1 and -1 is obtained at the period of E ".

Next, the value of the flag "F" is compared with 0, and it is determined whether the flag "F" is 1 or -1 (step F45). The value of the flag “F” being 1 means that the flag “F” has risen from −1 to 1, and in this case, the register corresponding to the first processing path
The values of (PH 1) and (WINDOW 1) are each set to “0”, and the value of the start address START (n) is read from the first read start address register (S
TART 1 (n)) and set the flag S-FLG1 (n) to "1" (step F46).

Further, the fact that the value of the flag F is -1 means that the flag "F" has fallen from 1 to -1. In this case, the register corresponding to the second processing path (PH 2) and (WINDOW 2) are set to “0”, and the start address START value is read in the second read start address register (START
2) and set the second flag S-FLG 2 to “1” (step F47. Note that the above-mentioned flag S-FLG 1 = 1,
By the processing of S-FLG 2 = 1, after sound generation starts, PH1 (n), PH2
Only when (n) is reset does sound production start.

Following the processing in step F46 or F47, or in step F39, the reproduction phase “PHAS
When it is determined that the value of "E" has not reached the value of the reproduction pitch length "WIDTH", a waveform reading process is performed (step F48).

FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing the waveform reading process. Hereinafter, the waveform reading process will be described in detail.

Waveform Read Processing FIG. 23 is a flowchart of the waveform read processing, in which steps F52 to F60 are processing for the first processing path, and steps F61 to F69 are processing for the second processing path. And these two processes are performed in chronological order,
The contents of the processing are substantially the same.

As shown in FIG. 23, in the waveform reading process, first, the value of the counter (WINDOW 1 (n)) is changed to the step rate “W-RATE”.
(n) "(step F52). Then, the value of the incremented counter (WINDOW 1 (n)) is smaller than 1, greater than or equal to 1 and smaller than 2, or greater than or equal to 2. (Step F53) If it is smaller than 1, the value of the counter (WINDOW 1 (n)) is stored in the register (ENV 1) as the first envelope "ENV 1" (Step F54). If it is not less than 1 and less than 2, the value obtained by subtracting the value of the counter (WINDOW 1 (n)) from 2 is stored in the register (ENV 1) as the first envelope "ENV 1" (step F55). If the value is 2 or more, the value of the first envelope "ENV 1" is set to 0 (step F56).

Steps F53 to F56 are performed, for example, in FIG.
As shown in (f), the first envelope "ENV 1" is created by creating a saw-tooth wave whose value increases by the value of the step rate "W-RATE" and wrapping the value back at 1 doing. However, if the value of the counter "WINDOW 1 (n)" exceeds 2, the first envelope "E" is set in step F56.
NV 1 "is set to 0. That is, the formant movement amount" F
-VR "and the pitch" PITCH ", the increment of the step length" W-RATE ", which is the reciprocal of the value of the envelope length" LENGTH ", is increased to 1 and then the step rate" W-RATE " A triangular wave decreasing to 0 is created as the waveform of the first envelope "ENV 1".

Further, following steps F54 to F56,
The value obtained by multiplying the value of the first phase counter (PH 1) (step value of the read address) by the formant movement amount “F-VR” is added to the start address “START 1 (n)” of the first waveform. Then, the read address of the first waveform is stored in the register (ADRES 1) (step F57).

The read address ADRES 1 is compared with the end address ENDADRS (step F58). If the read address ADRES 1 is larger than the end address ENDADRS, the read address ADRES 1 is read.
= End address ENDADRS (step F59). This limits the read address to the end address
This is to prevent reading beyond ENDADRS.

Subsequently, the waveform data "DATA 1" of the first waveform is read from the waveform memory at the read address "ADRS 1" (step F60). As described above, the read address is changed by the formant movement amount "F-VR".
As a result, the reading speed of the waveform data "DATA1" is changed by the formant movement amount "F-VR".

In the following steps F61 to F69, the same processing as described above is performed for the second processing path.

The data "DATA" thus read out
1 "multiplied by the value of the first envelope" ENV 1 "and S-FLG1, and data" DATA 2 "multiplied by the value of the second envelope" ENV 2 "and S-FLG2 are added. Output things ou
T (step F70). Thereby, the flag S-FL
While G1 (n) or S-FLG2 (n) is "0", the signal to be synthesized is set to 0 so that ENV1 and ENV2 always start from 0.

Next, “L-ENV (n)” = “L-ENV (n)” + LEVEL (n) − “L-ENV (n)” * K, and this L-ENV (n) is output to OUT ( The product multiplied by n) is the final output OUT (n). That is, a level envelope “L-ENV (n)” whose rising and falling characteristics are determined by the coefficient K is calculated and added to the output. Step F71
Since the level envelope “L-ENV (n)” does not become 0 in the calculation of the above, processing may be added so that “L-ENV (n)” becomes 0 when the level falls below a predetermined level.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the above-described embodiment, since the pitch of the memory waveform is used, the pitch of the memory waveform must be detectable. However, the waveforms used as musical sounds are not necessarily those that can detect the pitch. For example, there are percussion sounds such as cymbals and drums, and a plurality of musical tones simultaneously generated such as a chord.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, a reading method in which the formant changes in response to a pitch change is realized using a conventional pitch shifter technique.

Although the configuration of this embodiment basically uses the above-described embodiment, different points will be described below. 1. The data structure of the waveform memory is changed as shown in FIGS. 39 and 40. 2. The "silence processing of voice 1" is changed as shown in FIG. 29. 3. The "silence processing of voice 2" is changed as shown in FIG. 4. Change "voice 1 sound generation start processing" as shown in FIG. 31 5. Change "voice 2 sound generation start processing" as shown in FIG. 32 6. "Link sound generation from voice 1 to voice 1" Fig. 3
Change as shown in Fig. 7. 7. "Link sound generation from voice 1 to voice 2"
Changed as shown in Fig. 4. 8. "Link sound generation process from voice 2 to voice 1" is shown in Fig. 3.
Changed as shown in Fig. 5. 9. Changed "Readout process" as shown in Fig. 36. 10. Changed "Waveform readout process" as shown in Fig. 37 and Fig. 38.

First, the configuration of the waveform memory will be described. The parameter storage section is shown in FIG. 39, and the waveform data storage section is shown in FIG. The parameter storage section is divided for each address # 0004. The waveform data in the wave0 area is the start address stored in the wave0 area in the parameter storage.
It is stored in the waveform data storage area indicated by sadrs and end address endsdrs. As described above, since the waveform data is specifically indicated by the start address sadrs and the end address endadrs, the waveform data storage section is not divided by the segments as in the previous embodiment.

The original pitch "org-pitch" in the parameter storage section is information indicating which pitch key of the stored waveform data is to be reproduced as the original waveform when the key is operated. Is stored as information proportional to the frequency. The original pitch "org-pitch" is set when the user samples waveform data.

The above-mentioned "voice 1 silence processing", "voice 2 silence processing", "voice 1 sound generation start processing", "voice 2 sound generation start processing", and "link sound generation processing from voice 1 to voice 1" , "Link sound generation processing from voice 1 to voice 2" and "Link sound generation processing from voice 2 to voice 1" will be described.

In the above embodiment, the pitch Pitch uses information that is inversely proportional to the frequency. In this embodiment, information that is proportional to the frequency is used. For example, in the above embodiment, the pitch Pitch represents information proportional to the pitch (period) of the pitch, but in this embodiment, the pitch Pitch represents information proportional to the frequency of the pitch.

Further, in the pitch shift means of the above-described embodiment, the input reproduced pitch information Pitch is directly the pitch WIDTH (period) of the reproduced pitch. The information pitch indicates the amount of frequency shift. Therefore, a change in the above processing is that the frequency "org-pitc
h "from" Pitch / org-pitch ". The result is supplied to the pitch shifter as the shift amount PITCH (n).

The "read process" of this embodiment is as shown in FIG. This "reading process" and FIG.
The main differences from the first “read process” are described below. If the traveling position SPHASE is smaller than the end address ENDADRS in step F32, steps F33 to F36 in FIG.
Is not performed, and the process immediately proceeds to step F38. In step F41 ', a coefficient "ENV-P" is set as the reproduction pitch WIDTH instead of step F41 in the above-described embodiment. The coefficient "ENV-P" is a predetermined constant, ENV 1, ENV
This determines the period of V 2. In addition, steps F42 and F43 in the above-described embodiment are deleted, and only the process of setting F (n) = − F (n) is performed in this embodiment instead of step F44 (step F44 ′).

The "waveform reading process" of this embodiment is shown in FIG.
It shall be shown in FIG. The main differences between this "waveform readout process" and the "waveform readout process" of FIGS. 22 and 23 of the foregoing embodiment are described below. Amount "W-RATE" to be added to WINDOW 1 and WINDOW 2 in step F52 'and step F61'
Is a predetermined constant in the present embodiment, and ““ W-RATE ”=
1 / WIDTH ”. Steps F56 and F65 in the above-described embodiment are the same as those in the embodiment.
OW (n) is deleted because it does not become larger than 2. In steps F57 'and F66', PH (n) is multiplied by the pitch PITCH (n) instead of the formant movement amount "F-VR" in the above-described embodiment.

An outline of the processing of this embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 41 shows a process when the reproduced sound is lower than the original pitch "org-pitch".
Shows a process when the reproduced sound is higher than the original pitch "org-pitch".

In this processing, for example, in FIG. 41, the waveform data “Wave-Dat” stored in the waveform memory
e "is read at address" ADRES 1 ", the read waveform data is multiplied by" ENV 1 "and a window function is added ((2) in FIG. 41), and the waveform data stored in the waveform memory "Wave-Date" is read out at an address "ADRES 2", and the read out waveform data is multiplied by "ENV 2" to add a window function ((3) in FIG. 41). The signal obtained by adding (2) and (3) is a pitch-shifted signal, which is the same for FIG.

The playback pitch is changed to the original pitch "org-pitch".
41, the waveform memory as shown in FIG.
Reading speed becomes less than 1 and "ENV 1" is added.
Waveform data is_{D + 0}, W_{D + 2}, W_{D + 4}, W_{D + 6}・
・ ・ Waveform data to which "ENV 2" is added is W
_{D + 1}, W_{D + 3}, W_{D + 5}... and these are stretched
W_{D + 0}’, W_{D + 2}’, W_{D + 4}’, W_{D + 6}',and
W_{D + 1}’ , W_{D + 3}’ , W_{D + 5}’.

On the contrary, the reproduction pitch is changed to the original pitch "org".
-pitch ", as shown in FIG.
Reading speed of the flash memory becomes smaller than 1 and "ENV 1"
Is added to the waveform data._{U + 0}, W_{U + 2}, W_{U + 4},
W_{U + 6}... becomes the waveform data to which "ENV 2" is added
Is W_{U + 1}, W_{U + 3}, W_{U + 5}... and these
Compressed W_{U + 0}’, W_{U + 2}’, W_{U + 4}’, W_{U + 6}’,
And W_{U + 1}’ , W _{U + 3}’ , W_{U + 5}’.

Note that the reading speed of the waveform memory is determined by ““ PH1 (n) ”*“ PITCH (n) ”” and ““ PH2 (n) ”” in “Waveform reading processing”.
* Corresponds to the change speed of "PITCH (n)".

[0130]

As described above, in the waveform generator, it is possible to enrich the music reproduction effect by enriching the waveform reproduction mode when a subsequent reproduction instruction is given during the reproduction of the waveform. it can.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall block configuration of a waveform generator as one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a main routine in the embodiment device.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a recording routine in the embodiment device.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an editing routine in the embodiment device.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a reproduction routine in the embodiment device.

FIG. 6 shows a reproduction processing routine (1 /
It is a flowchart which shows the detail of 2).

FIG. 7 shows a reproduction processing routine (2 /
It is a flowchart which shows the detail of 2).

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an operator setting table in the apparatus according to the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a key information register in the apparatus according to the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data configuration of a parameter storage unit of a waveform memory in the embodiment device.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a data configuration example of a waveform data storage unit of a waveform memory in the device of the embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a main routine (1/2) in a DSP in the apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a main routine (2/2) in the DSP in the embodiment device.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating “voice 1 silencing processing” in a main routine of the DSP in the embodiment device.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating “silence processing of voice 2” in a main routine of the DSP in the embodiment device.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing “voice 1 sound generation start processing” in a main routine of the DSP in the embodiment device.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing “voice 2 sound generation start processing” in a main routine of the DSP in the embodiment device.

FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating “link sound generation processing from voice 1 to voice 1” in a main routine of the DSP in the embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing “link sound generation processing from voice 1 to voice 2” in a main routine of the DSP in the embodiment device.

FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing “link sound generation processing from voice 2 to voice 1” in a main routine of the DSP in the embodiment device.

FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating a “read processing” routine (1/2) in a main routine of the DSP in the embodiment device.

FIG. 22 is a flowchart illustrating a “read process” routine (2/2) in a main routine of the DSP in the embodiment device.

FIG. 23 shows a “readout process” in a “readout process” in a main routine of the DSP in the embodiment device.
It is a flowchart which shows a routine (1/2).

FIG. 24 “Waveform reading process” in a “read process” in a main routine of the DSP in the embodiment device.
It is a flowchart which shows a routine (2/2).

FIG. 25 is a time chart for explaining the outline of the operation of “read processing” (no change in formant characteristics, pitch shift to low frequency).

FIG. 26 is a time chart for explaining the outline of the operation of “read processing” (no change in formant characteristics, pitch shift to high frequency).

FIG. 27 is a time chart for explaining an outline of the operation of “read processing” (shifting the formant characteristic to a lower frequency band);

FIG. 28 is a time chart for explaining the outline of the operation of “read processing” (shifting the formant characteristic to a higher frequency).

FIG. 29 is a flowchart showing “voice mute processing” during a main routine in the DSP in another embodiment of the apparatus.

FIG. 30 is a flowchart showing “voice 2 silencing processing” during a main routine in the DSP in another embodiment of the apparatus.

FIG. 31 is a flowchart showing “voice 1 sound generation start processing” in a main routine of the DSP in another embodiment device.

FIG. 32 is a flowchart showing “sound generation start processing of voice 2” in a main routine of the DSP in another embodiment device.

FIG. 33 is a flowchart showing a “link sound generation process from voice 1 to voice 1” in a main routine of the DSP in another embodiment device.

FIG. 34 is a flowchart showing a “link sound generation process from voice 1 to voice 2” in a main routine of the DSP in another embodiment device.

FIG. 35 is a flowchart showing a “link sound generation process from voice 2 to voice 1” in a main routine of the DSP in another embodiment device.

FIG. 36 is a flowchart showing a “read processing” routine in a main routine of a DSP in another embodiment of the apparatus.

FIG. 37 is a flowchart showing a “waveform reading process” routine (1/2) in a “reading process” routine in a main routine of the DSP in another embodiment of the apparatus.

FIG. 38 is a flowchart showing a “waveform reading process” routine (2/2) in a “reading process” routine in a main routine of a DSP in another embodiment of the apparatus.

FIG. 39 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data configuration of a parameter storage unit of a waveform memory in another embodiment device.

FIG. 40 is a diagram illustrating a data configuration example of a waveform data storage unit of a waveform memory in another embodiment device.

FIG. 41 is a time chart for explaining an outline of the operation of “read processing” (pitch shift to low frequency).

FIG. 42 is a time chart for describing an outline of the operation of “read processing” (pitch shift to a high frequency).

[Explanation of symbols]

 4 A / D Converter 8 DSP (Digital Signal Processor) 12 Waveform Memory 14 D / A Converter 20 Operator Group 22 CPU (Central Processing Unit) 30 Keyboard 31 RAM (Random Access Memory) 32 ROM (Read Only)・ Memory) 33 Hard disk drive

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Waveform storage means for storing waveform data, performance information input means for inputting performance information for instructing start / end and pitch of reproduction of the waveform data, and waveform data of the waveform storage means Waveform reading means for reading at a pitch corresponding to the performance information input from the performance information input means, wherein the waveform reading means corresponds to the previous performance information input by the performance information input means. During the reading of the waveform data that has been started, when the subsequent performance information is input and the reproduction start is instructed, the reading of the waveform data based on the preceding performance information up to that point is ended, and the waveform data of the waveform data is read out. A waveform generator configured to read a portion after the timing at which the subsequent performance information is input at a pitch corresponding to the subsequent performance information. 2. Waveform storage means for storing waveform data, performance information input means for inputting performance information for instructing start / end of reproduction of the waveform data and pitch, and waveform data in the waveform storage means. Waveform reading means for reading at a pitch corresponding to the performance information input from the performance information input means, wherein the waveform reading means corresponds to the previous performance information input by the performance information input means. During the reading of the waveform data that has been started, when the subsequent performance information is input and the reproduction start is instructed, subsequent to the reading of the waveform data by the preceding performance information up to that point, the subsequent one of the waveform data is read. The waveform after the timing at which the performance information is input is read out at a pitch corresponding to the subsequent performance information in parallel with the reading of the stored waveform data based on the preceding performance information. Raw devices. 3. A time information generating means for generating time information indicating a change on a time axis, wherein said waveform reading means is configured to output the time information of said time information generating means irrespective of a pitch from which said waveform data is read. 3. The waveform generator according to claim 1, wherein the waveform data is read out at a constant speed in accordance with a temporal change corresponding to (1).