JP2002149159A - Musical tone signal synthesizing method, musical tone synthesizer an recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To faithfully simulate the phenomena that the ways of rising of a second pitch vary according to whether the pitch changes to a higher side or lower side in the case keyboards, etc., are used as playing operating elements of an electronic stringed instrument when a slur playing method from the first pitch to the second pitch is carried out on the same string with a natural stringed instrument. SOLUTION: When the pitch changes to the higher side, the rising of the sound volume envelope and cutoff frequency relating to the second pitch (CH2) is drastically delayed as shown in Figure 3 (2-b) and (2-c). When the pitch changes to the lower side, the rising of the sound volume envelope and cutoff frequency relating to the second pitch (CH2) is slightly delayed as shown in Figure 3 (3-b) and (3-c).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a musical tone signal synthesizing method, a musical tone signal synthesizing apparatus, and a recording medium used for a musical tone generating device such as an electronic musical instrument, an amusement machine, and the like. The present invention relates to a tone signal synthesizing method, a tone signal synthesizing device, and a recording medium suitable for a stringed musical instrument.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an electronic musical instrument or the like for synthesizing a stringed instrument sound, a simulated natural stringed instrument may be used as a performance operator. However, when synthesizing a stringed instrument sound, it is required to use a keyboard, which is the most common performance operator. In other words, how to simulate a stringed instrument-specific performance operation and pronunciation mode using a keyboard is paraphrased. Then, how to associate keyboard operations with performance operations of natural stringed instruments becomes an important issue.

In particular, when a key-on event of a first key occurs on a keyboard and a key-on event of a second key occurs before the key-off event of the first key occurs, a method of interpreting the key operation is performed. Patent No. 29698
No. 61 discloses it. Here, the simulated natural stringed instrument generally has a plurality of strings, and each string has a different range. Therefore, in the technique of the above publication, the pitches of the first and second keys (hereinafter, the first and second keys)
Is determined to belong to a common string range.

In general, when a key-on event is detected on a keyboard, a new tone generation channel is assigned to the key-on event and sound emission is started. However, in the above case, when it is determined that “belongs to the common string range”, a new sound channel is not assigned to the key-on event of the second key. In such a case, the sound channel of the first key is faded out, the pitch of the sound channel is changed to the pitch of the second key, and then the sound channel is faded in. In this case, the operation of performing the slur performance method of changing the pitch by sliding the pressed position on the common string in the natural stringed musical instrument is associated with the operation of the keyboard.

[0005] That is, if such an operation is performed on a natural stringed instrument, the first and second pitches cannot be generated simultaneously, so that the first and second pitches are also changed on an electronic stringed instrument. This is to prevent simultaneous pronunciation. On the other hand, when it is determined that the first and second pitches do not belong to the common string range, a new sounding channel is assigned to the key-on event of the second key, and Is controlled independently. As a result, a period occurs in which the musical tones of the first and second pitches are simultaneously generated. This is because a plurality of strings sometimes sound simultaneously even in a natural stringed instrument.

[0006]

However, according to studies made by the present inventor, when performing a slur performance on a natural stringed musical instrument, the playing state and the playing direction depend on the direction in which the first and second pitches change. It turned out that the tone generation state was different. First, considering a case where the direction of change is upward, that is, the second pitch is higher than the first pitch, the player first vibrates the string at the first pitch, so that the first pitch is used. The finger is pressed with the finger and the string vibrates. Next, the part of the string vibrating at the first pitch, that is, the middle of the part from the first finger to the bridge, is pressed with another finger (second finger),
The second pitch is generated. At this time, since the player presses the string while receiving repulsion by the tension of the string with the second finger, it takes a relatively long time until the pitch completely transitions from the first pitch to the second pitch. It costs.

On the other hand, when the change direction is downward, that is, when the second pitch is lower than the first pitch, the portion of the string not vibrating at the first pitch, that is, from the first finger. The second finger is pressed halfway down the portion up to the nut, and then the first finger is released from the string to produce the second pitch.
At this time, the first finger is urged in a direction away from the string by the tension of the string, so that the pitch of the first finger is relatively short.
Transition from the first pitch to the second pitch.

However, there is no known electronic musical instrument which controls a tone signal based on such a difference in playing state, and there is a problem that unnaturalness remains in the tone. The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and has as its object to provide a tone signal synthesizing method, a tone signal synthesizing apparatus, and a recording medium capable of synthesizing an optimal tone signal in accordance with a pitch change direction. .

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration. Note that the contents in parentheses are examples. In the configuration according to claim 1, a step of receiving first event information specifying a first pitch, and a second step of specifying a second pitch after receiving the first event information. Receiving the event information, a comparing step of comparing the first and second pitches (step SP6), and the second step in the comparing step.
Is determined to be lower than the first pitch, the tone signal according to the second event information is obtained according to the first characteristic (FIGS. 3 (3-a) to (3-c)). (Step SP14), and when it is determined in the comparing step that the second pitch is higher than the first pitch, a second rising is slower than the first characteristic. Characteristics (Fig. 3 (2
-A) to (2-c)) to synthesize a tone signal relating to the second event information (step SP12). Further, in the configuration according to claim 2, a step of receiving first event information designating a first pitch, and a step of synthesizing a first tone signal based on the first event information. (Step SP8), a step of receiving the second event information specifying the second pitch after receiving the first event information, and determining whether the first tone signal is sounding. A second tone according to the second event information according to a first characteristic, provided that a first determination step (step SP2) for determination and a determination result of the first determination step are negative. On the condition that the signal is synthesized (step SP8) and the determination result of the first determination step is affirmative, the first
A second determination step (step SP4) for determining whether both the second pitch and the second pitch are included in a predetermined range; and a condition that the second determination step is negative.
A step of synthesizing the second tone signal with a second characteristic whose rising is slower than the first characteristic (step SP1)
0) and a third determination for determining whether the second pitch is lower than the first pitch, provided that the determination result of the second determination process is affirmative. A step (step SP6) and a step of synthesizing the second tone signal with a third characteristic whose rise is slower than the second characteristic, provided that the third determination step is negative (step SP6). Step SP12), and on the condition that the third determination process is affirmative, the second characteristic is obtained by the fourth characteristic, which rises later than the first characteristic and rises earlier than the third characteristic. (Step SP14). According to a third aspect of the present invention, the method according to the first or second aspect is performed. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a program for executing the method according to any one of the first and second aspects is stored.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, a hardware configuration of an electronic stringed musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 2 denotes a communication interface for exchanging an SMF file (Standard MIDI File) and waveform data via an external network such as the Internet. 4 is an input operator,
Make various settings for the electronic stringed instrument. 6 is a performance operator,
It is composed of a keyboard and a pitch bend wheel. Reference numeral 8 denotes a display for displaying various information to the user. A CPU 10 controls other units via a bus 16 based on a program stored in a ROM 12. A RAM 14 is read and written by the CPU 10. Reference numeral 18 denotes a drive device, which is a CD-
The storage medium 20 such as a ROM and an MO is read and written.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a waveform capturing interface which samples an analog waveform input from the outside, converts the sampled waveform into digital waveform data, and outputs the digital waveform data via the bus 16. Reference numeral 24 denotes a MIDI interface, and an external MIDI
MIDI signals are input / output to / from DI devices. Reference numeral 26 denotes a sound source, which synthesizes a tone signal based on a control signal supplied from the CPU 10. The synthesized tone signal is emitted via the sound system 28. The sound source 26
Can employ any method such as a physical model sound source, an FM sound source, and a waveform memory sound source.

2. Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. First, in the present embodiment, when an operation event of the performance operator 6 occurs, the fact is detected by the CPU 10 and appropriate event processing is performed on the sound source 26. For example, the performance operator 6
When a key-on event occurs, a corresponding sounding channel is secured in the sound source 26, parameters of the sounding channel are set based on the currently selected timbre, key velocity, and the like, and a note-on event is generated for the sounding channel. (Sound generation start instruction) is supplied to the sound source 26. When a key-off event occurs in the performance operator 6, a note-off event (mute processing instruction) is supplied to the sounding channel. Note that sound source 2
Since the number of sounding channels of 6 is limited, if the number of sounding channels is insufficient, the sounding channel having a low volume level is forcibly note-offed even if no key-off event has occurred.

2.1. Type 1 sounding processing (normal sounding processing) However, the above processing is performed when a tone other than a stringed instrument is selected, and when a sound of a stringed instrument is selected, a key-on event of the performance operator 6 is performed. The processing shown in FIG. 2 is executed. In the figure, the processing is step SP2.
Proceeds to, whether or not there is another sounding channel being sounded in the sound source 26 (here, the “sounding channel” is limited to a sounding channel of the same timbre as that of the newly generated key-on event; the same applies hereinafter). Is determined. If "NO" is determined here, the process proceeds to step SP8, and type 1 sound generation processing is executed. In the type 1 tone generation process, a stringed instrument sound having a predetermined volume envelope characteristic is synthesized based on a newly generated key-on event.

As described above, in this embodiment, when attention is paid to a new key-on event, it is determined that "not a slur" if the sounding channels for all key-on events before the key-on event are note-off, Type 1 sound generation processing is executed. On the other hand, if there is even one sounding channel that has not been turned off,
The new key-on event is determined to be a slur performance technique, and one of the following type 2 sounding processing to type 4 sounding processing is executed.

2.2. Type 2 sounding processing (sounding processing of the slur playing method with string transition) If there is another sounding channel being sounded, "YES" is determined in the step SP2, and the process proceeds to a step SP4. Here, it is determined whether or not, among the other sounding channels, a sounding channel in the same range as the newly generated key-on event exists. If “NO” is determined here, the process proceeds to step SP10, and type 2 sound generation processing is executed. In addition, "range"
Is set as follows, for example, according to the range of each string of the stringed instrument to be simulated. G string: G2 to C # 3 D string: D3 to G # 3 A string: A3 to D # 4 E string: E3 to

In the type 2 sounding process, a new sounding channel is assigned to a new key-on event. Note that this new sounding channel is CH2, and the sounding channel that is already sounding is CH1. The tone signal synthesized in the tone generation channel CH2 is different from the tone signal generated in the type 1 tone generation process in volume and cutoff as shown in FIGS. 3 (1-a) and (2-a), respectively. It is equivalent to the one with the frequency envelope characteristic. The reason for applying such an envelope is
It is considered appropriate to interpret the above key operation as “two strings are played with the same bowing stroke”. Therefore, the attack is weakened by delaying the rising of the sounding channel CH2 which is sounded later, and further the attack is performed. The tone of the part is softened.

2.3. Type 3 sounding processing (slurry playing method in which the pitch changes upward without accompanying a string transition) Further, the pitch of the sounding channel CH1 being sounded and the pitch of the newly generated key-on event are in the same range. If it belongs, the determination is "YES" in step SP4, and the process proceeds to step SP6. Here, it is determined whether or not the change in pitch is downward. If the pitch change is upward, it is determined "NO" here, and the process proceeds to step SP1.
Proceeding to 2, the type 3 sound generation processing is executed.

In the type 3 sounding process, a new sounding channel CH2 is assigned to a new key-on event. And the sounding channel CH that is sounding
For 1, a silencing process (fade-out) is performed as shown in FIG. Also, the sound channel CH2
The tone signal synthesized in step (1) has the envelope characteristics of the volume and cutoff frequency as shown in FIGS. 3 (2-b) and (2-c) with respect to the tone signal generated in the type 1 tone generation process. It is equal to the one given. Here, comparing FIG. 3 (1-b) with FIG. 3 (2-c), the rise of the cutoff frequency is slower in FIG. 3 (2-c).

The reason why such an envelope is applied is to simulate a situation in which a player presses a string while being repelled by the tension of the string in the sound channel CH2, and the cutoff frequency is significantly reduced in the attack section. Thus, the tone at the time of rising is particularly softened. Although the volume envelope shown in FIG. 3 (2-b) is not much different from the envelope of FIG. 3 (1-a), the high-frequency portion of the sound channel CH2 is largely cut off, resulting in The rise of the volume is also slow.

2.4. Type 4 sounding processing (slurry playing method in which the pitch changes downward without changing the string) On the other hand, if the change in pitch is downward, "YES" is determined in step SP6, and the processing proceeds to step SP6. SP16
And a type 4 sound generation process is executed. In the type 4 tone generation process, a new tone generation channel CH2 is assigned to a new key-on event. And
FIG. 3 (3-a) shows the sounding channel CH1 that is sounding.
As shown in (1), the sound mute processing (fade out) is performed.
The tone signal synthesized in the tone generation channel CH2 is different from the tone signal generated in the type 1 tone generation process in volume and cutoff as shown in FIGS. 3 (3-b) and (3-c), respectively. It is equivalent to the one with the frequency envelope characteristic. Here, FIGS. 3 (1-a) and (1-b) and FIGS.
Comparing -b) and (2-c), it can be seen that the rising characteristic of the sound channel CH2 is almost the same as in the case of type 2 sound processing.

The reason for applying such an envelope is that the strings are pressed in advance by the first and second fingers of the player,
This is to simulate a situation in which the second pitch is generated for the second finger by releasing the first finger on the sound channel CH2. That is, since the first finger is urged away from the string by the tension of the string, the pitch changes from the first pitch to the second pitch within a relatively short time. For this reason, the rise of the sound channel CH2 is earlier than in the case of the type 3 sound processing.

3. Modifications The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above,
For example, various modifications are possible as follows. (1) In the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the present invention is implemented by software that operates on an electronic bowed instrument. However, the present invention may be configured by software that operates on a general-purpose personal computer. If this is the case, copy this software to a CD
-It can be stored in a recording medium such as a ROM or a floppy (registered trademark) disk and distributed, or can be distributed through a transmission path.

(2) In the above embodiment, when a slur performance is detected ("YES" in step SP2)
Is determined), when a string transition is involved (step SP10).
(Type 2 sounding process) and the case without string transition (Types 3 and 4 sounding process of steps SP12 and SP14). However, by deleting the processing of steps SP4 and SP10 and immediately executing step SP6 when "YES" is determined in step SP2, one of the type 3 and 4 sound generation processing may be selected. . According to this modified example, a tone signal having no string transition can be obtained even in a place where a string transition occurs in a natural stringed instrument.

(3) In the above-described embodiment, the range in step SP4 is determined according to the range of each string of the natural stringed instrument. However, the range need not necessarily match the natural stringed instrument. For example, if a pitch in the range of "0 to 127" can be designated on the keyboard of the performance operator 6, "0 to 31", "32 to 63", "64 to 9"
The four ranges “5” and “96 to 127” may be set as the sound range.
In addition, the control that can specify the value on / off,
The player may be able to specify whether or not there is a string transfer.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the pitch changes in a lower direction, the rise is advanced, and when the pitch changes in a higher direction, the rise is delayed. It is possible to synthesize an optimal tone signal in accordance with the direction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic stringed musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a control program according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a rise characteristic diagram of a volume envelope and a cutoff frequency in type 2 to 4 sound generation processing.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ... Communication interface, 4 ... Input operator, 6 ...
Performance operators, 8 display, 10 CPU, 1
2 ... ROM, 14 ... RAM, 16 ... Bus, 18 ...
... Drive device, 20 ... Storage medium, 22 ... Waveform acquisition interface, 24 ... MIDI interface, 2
6 ... sound source, 28 ... sound system.

Claims (4)

[Claims] Receiving a first event information specifying a first pitch; and receiving second event information specifying a second pitch after receiving the first event information. A step of comparing the first and second pitches; and a first characteristic when the second pitch is determined to be lower than the first pitch in the comparing step. Combining the tone signal according to the second event information with the first event, and determining that the second pitch is higher than the first pitch in the comparing process. Synthesizing a tone signal according to the second event information according to a second characteristic having a slow rise. 2. A step of receiving first event information designating a first pitch; a step of synthesizing a first musical tone signal based on the first event information; Receiving a second event information specifying a second pitch after receiving the first tone signal; a first determining step of determining whether the first musical tone signal is being generated; Synthesizing a second tone signal according to the second event information based on a first characteristic, provided that a result of the determination in step (a) is negative; and a result of the determination in the first step. Is positive, a second determination step of determining whether the first and second pitches are both within a predetermined range, and a negative determination of the second determination step On the condition that the first characteristic is higher than the first characteristic. Synthesizing the second tone signal with the second characteristic that is slower, and the second pitch is more than the second pitch on condition that the result of the second determination is positive. A third determination step of determining whether or not the pitch is low; and a third characteristic whose rise is slower than the second characteristic, provided that the third determination step is negative. On the condition that the step of synthesizing the second tone signal and the step of making the third judgment are affirmative, the fourth step is slower in rising than the first characteristic and faster in rising than the third characteristic. Synthesizing the second musical tone signal according to the characteristic of (1). 3. A tone signal synthesizing apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1. 4. A recording medium storing a program for executing the method according to claim 1. Description: