JP3719129B2 - Music signal synthesis method, music signal synthesis apparatus and recording medium - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a musical sound signal synthesizing method, a musical sound signal synthesizing apparatus, and a recording medium used for an apparatus for generating musical sounds, such as an electronic musical instrument and an amusement device. The present invention relates to a signal synthesis method, a musical sound signal synthesis apparatus, and a recording medium.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In an electronic musical instrument or the like that synthesizes a stringed instrument sound, a musical instrument that simulates a natural stringed instrument may be used as a performance operator. However, when synthesizing stringed instrument sounds, it is required to use the keyboard, which is the most common performance operator, and how the keyboard simulates performance operations and pronunciation modes peculiar to stringed instruments. In this case, how to associate the keyboard operation with the performance operation of the natural stringed instrument becomes an important problem.
[0003]
In particular, when a key-on event of a first key occurs in a keyboard and a key-on event of a second key occurs before the key-off event of the first key occurs, a method for interpreting this key operation is disclosed in Patent No. No. 2,969,861. Here, the simulated natural stringed instrument generally has a plurality of strings, and each string has a different sound range. Therefore, in the technique disclosed in the above publication, it is determined whether or not the pitches of the first and second keys (hereinafter referred to as the first and second pitches) belong to a common string range.
[0004]
Generally, when a key-on event is detected on the keyboard, a new sound channel is assigned to the key-on event and sound generation is started. However, if it is determined that “belongs to the common string range” in the above case, a new tone generation channel is not assigned to the key-on event of the second key. In such a case, the tone generation channel related to the first key is faded out, the pitch of the tone generation channel is changed to the pitch of the second key, and then the tone generation channel is faded in. In the natural stringed instrument, an operation for performing a slur performance method for changing the pitch by sliding the pressed position on the common string is associated with the operation of the keyboard.
[0005]
That is, when such an operation is performed on a natural stringed instrument, the first and second pitches cannot be pronounced at the same time. Therefore, the first and second pitches are also pronounced simultaneously on an electronic stringed instrument. This is to prevent this. On the other hand, when it is determined that the first and second pitches do not belong to the common string range, a new tone generation channel is assigned to the key-on event of the second key, Is controlled independently. As a result, a period in which the musical tones having the first and second pitches are simultaneously generated is generated. This is because even in a natural stringed instrument, a plurality of strings may sound simultaneously.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to a study by the present inventor, when performing a slur performance in a natural stringed instrument, it has been found that the performance state and the tone generation state differ depending on the direction in which the first and second pitches change. did.
First, considering the case where the direction of change is upward, that is, the second pitch is higher than the first pitch, the performer first starts with the first pitch to vibrate the string at the first pitch. Hold the string with your finger and vibrate the string. Next, a portion of the string that vibrates at the first pitch, that is, the middle of the portion from the first finger to the bridge is pressed with another finger (second finger) to generate the second pitch. It will be. At that time, the performer presses the string while receiving the repulsion due to the tension of the string on the second finger, so that it takes a relatively long time for the pitch to completely transition from the first pitch to the second pitch. Cost.
[0007]
On the other hand, when the direction of change is downward, that is, when the second pitch is lower than the first pitch, the portion of the string that does not vibrate at the first pitch, that is, from the first finger to the nut. A second pitch is produced by pressing the middle of the portion with the second finger and then releasing the first finger from the string. At that time, since the first finger is urged away from the string by the tension of the string, the pitch changes from the first pitch to the second pitch within a relatively short time.
[0008]
However, conventional electronic musical instruments and the like have not been known to control musical tone signals based on the difference in performance state, and there has been a problem that unnaturalness remains in musical sounds. The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a musical tone signal synthesis method, a musical tone signal synthesis apparatus, and a recording medium capable of synthesizing an optimal musical tone signal in accordance with the direction of change in pitch. .
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration. The parentheses are examples.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a process of receiving the first event information specifying the first pitch, and a second of specifying the second pitch after receiving the first event information. Receiving the event information, comparing step (step SP6) comparing the first and second pitches, and if the second pitch is lower than the first pitch in the comparing step In the case of determination, in the process of synthesizing the musical sound signal related to the second event information according to the first characteristic (FIG. 3 (3-a) to (3-c)) (step SP14), and in the comparison process When it is determined that the second pitch is higher than the first pitch, the second characteristic (FIGS. 3 (2-a) to (2-c) shown in FIG. )) To synthesize a musical sound signal related to the second event information (step SP12). And features.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the process of receiving the first event information specifying the first pitch and the process of synthesizing the first musical sound signal based on the first event information. (Step SP8), a process of receiving the second event information designating the second pitch after receiving the first event information, and whether or not the first musical sound signal is sounding. On the condition that the determination result of the first determination process (step SP2) to be determined and the determination result of the first determination process is negative, the second musical sound related to the second event information according to the first characteristic Whether the first and second pitches are both included in a predetermined range on condition that the signal synthesis process (step SP8) and the determination result of the first determination process are affirmative A second determination process for determining whether or not (step S 4) and on the condition that the second determination process is negative, the process of synthesizing the second musical sound signal by the second characteristic that rises slower than the first characteristic (step SP10). And a third determination process for determining whether or not the second pitch is lower than the first pitch on the condition that the determination result of the second determination process is affirmative ( Step SP6) and on the condition that the third determination process is negative, the process of synthesizing the second musical sound signal by the third characteristic that rises later than the second characteristic (Step SP12) ), And the fourth characteristic that rises slower than the first characteristic and rises earlier than the third characteristic on the condition that the third determination process is affirmative. The process of synthesizing the signal (step S It characterized by having a 14) and.
Further, the configuration according to claim 3 is characterized in that the method according to claim 1 or 2 is executed.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a program for executing the method according to the first or second aspect is stored.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1. Configuration of Embodiment Next, a hardware configuration of an electronic stringed instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In the figure, reference numeral 2 denotes a communication interface, which exchanges SMF files (Standard MIDI File), waveform data, and the like via an external network such as the Internet. Reference numeral 4 denotes an input operator that performs various settings of the electronic stringed instrument. Reference numeral 6 denotes a performance operator, which includes a keyboard and a pitch bend wheel. Reference numeral 8 denotes a display that displays various information to the user. Reference numeral 10 denotes a CPU, which controls other units via the bus 16 based on a program stored in the ROM 12. Reference numeral 14 denotes a RAM which is read and written by the CPU 10. Reference numeral 18 denotes a drive device that reads from and writes to a storage medium 20 such as a CD-ROM or MO.
[0011]
A waveform capture interface 22 samples an analog waveform input from the outside, converts it into digital waveform data, and outputs the digital waveform data via the bus 16. Reference numeral 24 denotes a MIDI interface for inputting / outputting MIDI signals to / from an external MIDI device. A sound source 26 synthesizes a musical sound signal based on a control signal supplied from the CPU 10. The synthesized musical tone signal is generated through the sound system 28. Note that the sound source 26 may employ any method such as a physical model sound source, an FM sound source, or a waveform memory sound source.
[0012]
2. Operation of Embodiment Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
First, when an operation event of the performance operator 6 occurs in this embodiment, the CPU 10 detects that event and performs appropriate event processing on the sound source 26. For example, when a key-on event occurs in the performance operator 6, a corresponding tone generation channel is secured in the sound source 26, and parameters of the tone generation channel are set based on the currently selected tone color, key velocity, and the like. In response to this, a note-on event (pronunciation start instruction) is supplied to the sound source 26. Further, when a key-off event occurs in the performance operator 6, a note-off event (silence processing instruction) is supplied to the sound generation channel. Since the number of sound generation channels of the sound source 26 is limited, if the number of sound generation channels is insufficient, the sound generation channel having a low volume level is forcibly note-off even when the key-off event has not occurred. The
[0013]
2.1. Type 1 pronunciation process (normal pronunciation process)
However, the processing described above is performed when a tone other than the stringed instrument is selected, and when the tone of the stringed instrument is selected, the processing shown in FIG. 2 is executed for the key-on event of the performance operator 6. The In the figure, when the process proceeds to step SP2, the other sound generation channels (sound generation channels here) that are sounding in the sound source 26 are limited to sound generation channels having the same timbre as the timbre related to the newly generated key-on event. ) Exists. If "NO" is determined here, the process proceeds to step SP8, and the type 1 sound generation process is executed. In this type 1 sound generation process, a stringed instrument sound having a predetermined volume envelope characteristic is synthesized based on a newly generated key-on event.
[0014]
As described above, in the present embodiment, when attention is paid to a new key-on event, if the sound channel for all the key-on events before the key-on event is note-off, it is determined as “not slur” and type 1 sounding is performed. Processing is executed. On the other hand, if there is even one sounding channel that is not note-off, it is determined that the new key-on event is a slur performance, and any of the following type 2 sounding process to type 4 sounding process is executed. Become.
[0015]
2.2. Type 2 pronunciation process (pronunciation process of slur technique with string shift)
If there is another sounding channel that is sounding, it is determined as “YES” in step SP2, and the process proceeds to step SP4. Here, it is determined whether or not there is a tone generation channel having the same range as that of the newly generated key-on event among the other tone generation channels. If "NO" is determined here, the process proceeds to step SP10, and the type 2 sound generation process is executed. The “sound range” is set as follows, for example, according to the range of each string of the stringed musical instrument to be simulated.
G string: G2-C # 3
D string: D3-G # 3
A string: A3-D # 4
E string: E3
[0016]
In the type 2 sound generation process, a new sound generation channel is assigned to a new key-on event. It is assumed that the new sound channel is CH2, and the sound channel that is already sounding is CH1. The tone signal synthesized in the tone generation channel CH2 is compared with the tone signal generated in the type 1 tone generation process as shown in FIGS. 3 (1-a) and (2-a). Equivalent to the frequency envelope characteristics. The reason for applying such an envelope is that it is considered appropriate to interpret the above key operation as “two strings played with the same bowing stroke”, so that the rise of the sounding channel CH2 to be sounded later is delayed. By doing so, the attack is weakened and the sound of the attack part is softened.
[0017]
2.3. Type 3 sound generation processing (sounding processing of slur performance with pitch changing upward without string shift)
On the other hand, if the pitch of the sound generation channel CH1 being sounded and the pitch of the newly generated key-on event belong to the same range, “YES” is determined in step SP4, and the process proceeds to step SP6. Here, it is determined whether or not the pitch change is downward. If the change in pitch is upward, it is determined “NO” here, the process proceeds to step SP12, and the type 3 sound generation process is executed.
[0018]
In the type 3 sound generation process, a new sound generation channel CH2 is assigned to a new key-on event. And, as shown in FIG. 3 (2-a), a mute process (fade out) is performed on the sound generation channel CH1 during sound generation. Further, the tone signal synthesized in the tone generation channel CH2 is compared with the tone signal generated in the type 1 tone generation process, as shown in FIGS. 3 (2-b) and (2-c). Equivalent to the frequency envelope characteristics. Here, comparing FIG. 3 (1-b) with FIG. 3 (2-c), the rise of the cutoff frequency is slower in FIG. 3 (2-c).
[0019]
The reason for applying such an envelope is to simulate the situation in which the performer presses the string while receiving repulsion due to the tension of the string in the sound generation channel CH2, and it rises by greatly reducing the cut-off frequency in the attack part. The tone of time is particularly soft. The volume envelope shown in FIG. 3 (2-b) is not much different from that of FIG. 3 (1-a), but the result is that the high frequency part of the sound generation channel CH2 is significantly cut. In addition, the volume rises slowly.
[0020]
2.4. Type 4 sounding process (slurry sounding process in which the pitch changes downward without string shift)
On the other hand, if the change in pitch is downward, “YES” is determined in step SP6, the process proceeds to step SP16, and the type 4 sound generation process is executed. In the type 4 sound generation process, a new sound generation channel CH2 is assigned to a new key-on event. And, as shown in FIG. 3 (3-a), a mute process (fade out) is performed on the sound generation channel CH1 during sound generation. Further, the tone signal synthesized in the tone generation channel CH2 is compared with the tone signal generated in the type 1 tone generation process, as shown in FIGS. 3 (3-b) and (3-c). Equivalent to the frequency envelope characteristics. Here, comparing FIG. 3 (1-a) and (1-b) with FIG. 3 (2-b) and (2-c), the rising characteristics of the sound channel CH 2 are almost the same as those in the type 2 sound processing. It turns out that it is.
[0021]
The reason for applying such an envelope is that the strings are previously pressed by the first and second fingers of the performer, and the second pitch associated with the second finger is generated by releasing the first finger. This is for simulating the situation in the sound generation channel CH2. That is, since the first finger is urged away from the string by the tension of the string, the pitch changes from the first pitch to the second pitch within a relatively short time. For this reason, the rise of the sound channel CH2 is advanced compared to the case of the type 3 sound process.
[0022]
3. Modifications The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made as follows, for example.
(1) Although the above embodiment shows an example in which the present invention is realized by software that operates on an electronic bowed instrument, it may be configured by software that operates on a general-purpose personal computer. In this case, the software can be stored in a recording medium such as a CD-ROM or a floppy disk and distributed, or can be distributed through a transmission path.
[0023]
(2) In the above embodiment, when a slur playing technique is detected (when it is determined “YES” in step SP2), when a string is transferred (type 2 sounding process of step SP10), a string is transferred. The processing method was divided according to the case where there was no sound (types 3 and 4 sound generation processing in steps SP12 and SP14). However, the processing in steps SP4 and SP10 may be deleted, and when the determination at step SP2 is “YES”, step SP6 is immediately executed to select either type 3 or 4 sound generation processing. . According to this modification, a musical sound signal without a shift can be obtained even at a position where a shift occurs in a natural stringed instrument.
[0024]
(3) In the above embodiment, the sound range in step SP4 is determined in accordance with the sound range of each string of the natural stringed instrument, but the sound range does not necessarily match the natural stringed instrument. For example, if the pitch of the range of “0 to 127” can be specified on the keyboard of the performance operator 6, “0 to 31”, “32 to 63”, “64 to 95”, “96 to 127”. These four regions may be used as sound ranges. Furthermore, the player may be able to specify the presence or absence of string transfer by an operator that can specify whether the value is on or off.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, when the pitch changes in a low direction, the rise is accelerated, and when the pitch changes in a high direction, the rise is delayed. It is possible to synthesize a simple tone signal.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic stringed musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a control program according to the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a rising characteristic diagram of a volume envelope and a cut-off frequency in type 2-4 sound generation processing;
[Explanation of symbols]
2 ... Communication interface, 4 ... Input operator, 6 ... Performance operator, 8 ... Display, 10 ... CPU, 12 ... ROM, 14 ... RAM, 16 ... Bus, 18 ... Drive device 20 …… Storage medium, 22 …… Waveform capture interface, 24 …… MIDI interface, 26 …… Sound source, 28 …… Sound system.

Claims (4)

Receiving a first event information specifying a first pitch;
Receiving second event information specifying a second pitch after receiving the first event information;
A comparison process of comparing the first and second pitches;
A step of synthesizing a musical tone signal related to the second event information according to a first characteristic when the second pitch is determined to be lower than the first pitch in the comparison step;
When it is determined that the second pitch is higher than the first pitch in the comparison process, the second event information is related to the second event information by a second characteristic that rises later than the first characteristic. A method for synthesizing a musical sound signal, comprising the step of synthesizing a musical sound signal. Receiving a first event information specifying a first pitch;
Synthesizing a first musical sound signal based on the first event information;
Receiving second event information specifying a second pitch after receiving the first event information;
A first determination process for determining whether or not the first musical sound signal is sounding;
A step of synthesizing a second musical sound signal related to the second event information according to a first characteristic, on condition that the determination result of the first determination step is negative;
A second determination process for determining whether or not both of the first and second pitches are included in a predetermined range on the condition that the determination result of the first determination process is affirmative; ,
A step of synthesizing the second musical sound signal with a second characteristic that rises slower than the first characteristic on condition that the second determination process is negative;
A third determination process for determining whether or not the second pitch is lower than the first pitch on the condition that the determination result of the second determination process is affirmative;
A step of synthesizing the second musical sound signal with a third characteristic that rises later than the second characteristic on condition that the third determination process is negative;
On condition that the third determination process is positive, the second musical sound signal is synthesized by the fourth characteristic that is slower in rise than the first characteristic and earlier in rise than the third characteristic. And a process for synthesizing a musical sound signal. 3. A musical sound signal synthesis apparatus, wherein the method according to claim 1 is executed. A recording medium storing a program for executing the method according to claim 1.

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