JPH10111129A - Manhole - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manhole provided with a survey reference point in which survey precision can be very highly set, labors and cost necessary for survey can be significantly reduced, which can be utilized as a permanent reference point in a common coordinate, and in which the reproducibility of the reference point is very high even in a case where destructive damage such as a large earthquake occurs. SOLUTION: The manhole 1 is provided with a reference point indication part 3 indicating a survey reference point 2 at a part exposed to the outside in a buried state. Because the manhole itself does not move easily, the number thereof is numerous, furthermore approximate positions are generally grasped and managed, if the manhole 1 indicating the survey reference point 2 is utilized, survey precision is very highly set, labors and cost necessary for the survey can be significantly reduced, and furthermore the reproducibility of the reference point is very high even if destructive damage such as a large earthquake occurs.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a survey mark for indicating a survey reference point, and more particularly to a manhole used as a survey mark.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a reference point obtained by reference point surveying or the like is a slab having a square pillar shape formed of concrete or stone, and having an index such as a cross line stamped on an upper surface thereof.
Alternatively, it is marked on a roadside or the like by a metal mark.
In addition, the reference point (specifically, a triangular point) may be marked on the roof or the mountaintop of a building with good visibility by the above-mentioned stone or metal mark.

[0003]

However, the target stone is generally about 60 cm in length and is easily pulled out, and may be moved or buried during construction, even if it has a rock stone at the bottom. This is the same for a metal mark. In addition, the reference point (triangular point) provided on the roof of the building must be re-established by performing a standard survey every time a higher building is constructed. Surveying based on (triangular points) is extremely far away, so that a surveying error is large and requires a great deal of labor and cost.

Further, reference points (temporary markers) individually set at the time of surveying essentially function only at their own coordinates, and do not have mutual consistency. Therefore, in order to reduce the labor and cost required for surveying, it is desired to set a permanent reference point in common coordinates.

[0005] As described above, in the place where the conventional survey target and the reference point are installed, a problem is apt to occur in the survey accuracy, and the labor and cost required for the survey are enormous. Furthermore, in the event of a major earthquake in an urban area such as the Kobe Earthquake, it will be extremely difficult to reproduce the reference point.

Therefore, the inventor of the present application recalled that a manhole which does not easily move and had many installations was used for surveying, and completed the present invention. That is, the problem of the present invention is that the surveying accuracy can be extremely increased, and the labor and cost required for the surveying can be significantly reduced.
An object of the present invention is to provide a manhole provided with a survey reference point that can be used as a permanent reference point in common coordinates and that has extremely high reproducibility of the reference point even when a catastrophic damage such as a large earthquake occurs.

[0007]

The object of the present invention is to provide a manhole which is provided with a reference point indicating portion for indicating a reference point for surveying at a portion which is exposed to the outside in a buried state. It is.

[0008] The reference point marking section is provided on an upper surface of a ring or a manhole cover. More preferably, it is the upper surface of the ring. It is preferable that a mark for indicating a survey reference point is formed in the reference point marking section. A fitting portion may be provided on the collar or the manhole cover, and a fitting member having the survey reference point on an upper surface may be fitted into the fitting portion. It is preferable that the manhole is provided with a data recording unit including a storage element or a barcode.

[0009]

The manhole according to the present invention is provided with a reference point indicating portion for indicating a reference point for surveying at a portion exposed to the outside when buried, so that the manhole itself does not easily move. Since the number of installations is large and the locations are managed and grasped in each city, the use of manholes with reference points for surveying can greatly increase the accuracy of surveying, significantly increasing the labor and cost required for surveying. And can be used as a permanent reference point in the common coordinates, and the reproducibility of the reference point becomes extremely high even in the case of catastrophic damage such as a large earthquake.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a manhole according to the present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of the manhole of the present invention. The manhole 1 of this embodiment is located at a site exposed to the outside when buried,
A reference point marking unit 3 for marking the survey reference point 2 is provided. More specifically, a reference point marking unit 3 is provided on the upper surface of the collar 4 and a mark for indicating the survey reference point 2 is formed. Hereinafter, each configuration will be sequentially described in detail.

The manhole 1 of this embodiment has a circular shape in plan view as shown in FIG. However, the manhole of the present invention is not limited to such a shape, and may be, for example, a polygonal shape such as an elliptical shape or a rectangular shape in plan view.

The portion exposed to the outside in the buried state includes the upper surface of a ring (ring ring or lid receiving frame) or the upper surface of a manhole cover. In this embodiment, the upper surface of the ring 4 will be described later. A reference point indicating unit 3 indicating the survey reference point 2 is provided. As described above, the survey reference point 2 can be easily provided on the existing or existing manhole if it is the upper surface of the ring, and even if the width of the ring is about 10 mm, the survey reference point can be set. Can be marked. Although the ferrule 4 and the manhole cover 5 of this embodiment are made of cast iron, they may be made of reinforced concrete.

The reference point indicating section 3 is provided on a part of the upper surface of the ring 4 and indicates that it is a reference point, indicates the position of the surveying reference point 2 by a cross-hair, or indicates any other desired shape. Items are indicated by engravings. In addition,
N105-8 in this embodiment is a notation for managing manholes, and means that it is the eighth manhole of Nakatsu 105 line.

However, the form of the reference point marking section is not limited to the above-described one.
May indicate only the mark indicating or specifying the position of the survey reference point 2. Conversely, the reference point indicating unit 3 uses the entire upper surface of the ring 4 to determine the type and grade of the reference point. The purpose, purpose, etc. may be written, and furthermore, as long as it can be recognized as a survey reference point, it is not limited to the mark of a crosshair, for example, it is formed in a recess as a mark of a benchmark It may be a convex portion or the like.

[0015] The reference point for survey referred to in the present application is a point widely used as a reference in surveying. The reference point for reference point survey, the triangular point for triangulation, the level point for leveling, the existing point for polygonal point surveying, etc. This is a concept that includes a known point, which is a reference point. Therefore, in the case of a triangular point or a benchmark, what is displayed as a triangular point or a benchmark without being described as a reference point is also included in the scope of the present invention.

Next, another embodiment of the manhole of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 will be described. The difference between the manhole 10 of this embodiment and the above-described manhole 1 is only that the reference point indicating portion for indicating the survey reference point is provided on the upper surface of the manhole cover instead of the upper surface of the mouth ring. Is the same. The same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

More specifically, the reference point indicating portion 13 of the manhole 10 is formed of a circular portion formed near the center of the upper surface of the manhole cover 5, and the circle indicates the reference point. , A mark formed by a crosshair for indicating or specifying the position of the survey reference point 12, and other necessary items (in this embodiment, letters of the Geographical Survey Institute). Thus, in the manhole of the present invention, the reference point marking portion may be formed on the manhole cover, and the reference point marking portion is provided at the center of the upper surface of the manhole cover 5 as in this embodiment. Instead, the reference point marking unit may be provided in another portion of the upper surface of the manhole cover 5. However, in such a case, it is necessary to adopt a structure in which the reference point does not move when the manhole cover is opened and closed. For example, the manhole cover needs to be fixed to the mouth ring by a hinge or the like so as to be openable and closable.

Further, another embodiment of the manhole of the present invention shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 will be described. The difference between the manhole 20 of this embodiment and the manhole 1 described above is as follows.
A point where the index portion of the survey reference point 22 is formed of a member different from the ring 4 and a data recording portion 27 on the lower surface of the manhole cover.
Is attached, and the others are the same. The same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

Specifically, the manhole 20 of this embodiment is
The mouth ring 4 is provided with a fitting portion 28, and a fitting member 26 having a survey reference point 22 stamped on the upper surface thereof is fitted into the fitting portion 28. More specifically, a screw portion is provided on the inner surface of the fitting portion 28, and is screwed with a screw portion provided on the outer surface of the fitting member 26, and the fitting member 26 is inserted into the fitting portion 28. It is configured to be fixed. With such a configuration, a survey reference point can be easily provided in an existing manhole or an existing manhole. However, such a fitting portion may be provided in the manhole cover, and it is not always necessary to provide a threaded portion in the fitting portion and the fitting member. The fitting member is inserted into the fitting portion and fixed with an adhesive such as epoxy resin. It is good also as a structure which does.

A storage element 29 is provided on the lower surface of the manhole cover 5.
A data recording unit 27 is attached. The data recording unit 27 can record necessary data such as the type, grade, purpose, and purpose of the reference point. In particular, if the boundary points in the range visible from the manhole and the distances, direction angles, altitudes, and the like to other manholes are recorded, the reproducibility becomes higher even when catastrophic damage is caused by an earthquake or the like.

Specifically, the data recording section 27 includes a concave portion 5 a provided on the lower surface of the manhole cover 5, a storage element 29 attached to the inner surface of the concave portion 5 a, and a protection element for protecting the storage element 29. And a protective cap 30.

As the storage element 29, a mask ROM, E
PROM (OTPROM), EEPROM, EARO
M or an IC memory such as a flash memory can be preferably used, but any memory having non-volatility may be used. Then, necessary data is written in the storage element 29 in advance, and the data can be easily read using a ROM reader or the like. Specifically, when reading data, the manhole cover 5 is opened, the protective cap 30 is removed, the storage element 29 is removed, and the data is read by a ROM reader. However,
A connector may be attached to the storage element 29 in advance so that reading is possible without removing the storage element.

The location where the storage element 29 is mounted is not limited to the lower surface of the manhole cover 5. If the storage element 29 is protected so as not to be damaged, for example, the collar 4 or the upper surface of the manhole cover 5. In addition, it may be attached to any portion near the opening of the manhole which is easy to read. The data recording unit 27
May be constituted by a bar code attached to the mouth ring, the upper surface of the manhole cover, or the like. Further, reference numeral 31 shown in FIG. 4 is a slope of the manhole 20 formed of brick or concrete, etc.
May be buried.

Further, another embodiment of the manhole of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 will be described. The difference between the manhole 40 of this embodiment and the above-described manhole 20 is only the installation location of the data recording unit, and the other is the same. The same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

The data recording section 41 includes a storage medium accommodating section 42 provided on the ring 4, a storage element 29 accommodated and mounted in the storage medium accommodating section 42, and a storage element 2.
9 and a protection cap 44 for protecting the storage element 29 and keeping the storage medium housing 42 watertight. And
When reading data, only the protection cap 44 is removed without opening the manhole cover 5 and the storage element 2
It is configured so that reading can be easily performed only by connecting a ROM reader to the reading connector connected to the reading connector 9.

[0026]

According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the surveying accuracy can be made extremely high, the labor and cost required for the surveying can be greatly reduced, and the permanent reference in the common coordinates can be obtained. It can be used as a point, and its reproducibility is extremely high even in the case of catastrophic damage such as a large earthquake. According to the third aspect of the present invention, the survey reference point can be easily formed. According to the invention described in claim 4, a survey reference point can be easily provided in an existing manhole or an existing manhole. According to the invention described in claim 5, it is possible to semipermanently record necessary data such as the type, grade, purpose, and purpose of the reference point, and to easily read the data when necessary. It can be used effectively as a reference point and manhole management is easy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a manhole according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of another embodiment of the manhole of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of another embodiment of the manhole of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line AA.

FIG. 5 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the manhole of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Manhole 2 Survey reference point 3 Reference point marking part 4 Ring 5 Manhole cover

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A manhole comprising a reference point marking section for marking a survey reference point at a portion exposed to the outside in a buried state. 2. The manhole according to claim 1, wherein the reference point marking section is provided on a ring or a manhole cover. 3. A marking for indicating a surveying reference point is formed on the reference point marking section.
Manhole described in. 4. A fitting portion is provided on the collar or the manhole cover, and a fitting member having the reference point for surveying on an upper surface is fitted into the fitting portion.
The manhole according to any of the above. 5. The manhole according to claim 1, wherein the manhole is provided with a data recording unit including a storage element or a barcode.