JPH10109205A - Cutting tool formed of surface coating cement excellent in anti-damage ability - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the occurrence of a damage such as a break and a chipping (a minute break) at a cutting edge even in the case of the certainly continuous cutting of steel and cast iron and specially intermittent cutting, and to display excellent cutting performance for a long term by making the above film layer thicker for the improvement of an aluminum oxide layer to compose a hard coat layer, informing the thick layer, and producing excellent adhesive ability between layers. SOLUTION: In a cutting tool made of a surface coat cermet which more than one or two kinds of Ti chemical compound composed of a TiC layer, a TiN layer, a TiCN layer, a TiO2 layer, a TiCO layer, a TiNO layer and a TICNO layer and a hard coated layer composed of a AL2 O3 layer are formed on the surface of a WC base superhard alloy base body or a TICN base cermet base body to the mean layer thickness of 3-20μm by chemical deposition and/or physical deposition, Ti: 1-15%, CI: 0.005-0.1% and N: 0.001-0.1% are contained in AL2 O3 to compose the AL2 O3 layer, and an AL-O system noncrystal layer using the above composition as noncrystal organization is formed instead of the above AL2 O3 layer.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention, aluminum oxide which constitutes the hard coating layer (hereinafter, Al ₂ O indicated by ₃₎ relates to an improvement of the layer, which the layer thickness be thickened is uniform, and It has excellent interlayer adhesion, so it can be used not only for continuous cutting of steel and cast iron, for example, but also for intermittent cutting, without any chipping or chipping (small chipping). The present invention relates to a surface-coated cermet cutting tool (hereinafter, referred to as a coated cermet tool) that exhibits excellent cutting performance over a wide range.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a layer of Ti carbide (hereinafter referred to as TiC) is formed on the surface of a tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide substrate or a titanium carbonitride-based cermet substrate (hereinafter, these are collectively referred to as a cermet substrate). , Nitride (hereinafter also referred to as TiN) layer, carbonitride (hereinafter referred to as TiCN) layer, oxide (hereinafter referred to as TiO ₂ ) layer, carbonate (hereinafter referred to as TiCO) layer, oxynitridation Object (hereinafter, TiN
O) and one or more Ti compound layers consisting of a carbonitride oxide (hereinafter referred to as TiCNO) layer and an Al ₂ O ₃ layer. ~
Coated cermet tools are known which are chemically and / or physically deposited with an average layer thickness of 20 μm. Further, in particular, the Al constituting the hard coating layer of the coated cermet tool described above.
_{The 2} O ₃ layer serves as a reaction gas in aluminum trichloride (hereinafter referred to as AlCl ₃ ) by volume%:
20%, carbon dioxide (hereinafter referred to as CO ₂ ): 0.5 to 30%, [If necessary, carbon monoxide (CO) or hydrogen chloride (H
Cl): 1 to 30%], hydrogen: residual, and a hydrogen-based reaction gas having a composition of: reaction temperature: 950 to 1100 ° C .; atmospheric pressure: 20 to 200 torr. ing.

[0003]

On the other hand, in recent years, the use of FA in cutting has been remarkable, and there has been a strong demand for labor saving. With this, a further extension of the service life of coated cermet tools has been required. As a corresponding measure,
Of the hard coating layer of the same, and more particularly excellent in oxidation resistance and thermal stability have been further thickening widely studied of the Al ₂ O ₃ layer having a high hardness, the the Al ₂ O ₃ layer Is
If the thickness is increased, the thickness of the conventional Al ₂ O ₃ layer forming means becomes locally non-uniform, and the flank of the cutting edge, the rake face, and the edge between the flank and the rake face intersect. This results in significant variations in the layer thickness, and in addition to insufficient interlaminar adhesion with other Ti compound layers constituting the hard coating layer, is used for intermittent cutting of steel or cast iron, for example. In such a case, chips such as chipping and chipping are liable to occur when the cutting blade is used.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems Accordingly, the present inventors have
From the above-described viewpoint, attention is paid to the Al ₂ O ₃ layer constituting the hard coating layer of the coated cermet tool, and when the thickness is increased, the local variation of the layer thickness is reduced, and the other constituent layers Ti
As a result of conducting research to improve interlayer adhesion to the compound layer, chemical vapor deposition and / or physical vapor deposition
As a reaction gas, instead of the above-mentioned conventional hydrogen-based reaction gas,
Basically, AlCl ₃ : 1 to 10%, hydrogen (hereinafter, indicated by H ₂ ): 1 to 5%, nitrogen oxide (hereinafter, indicated by NO): 16 to 30%, by volume%, titanium tetrachloride (Hereinafter, referred to as TiCl ₄ ): 0.05 to
An inert gas-based reaction gas having a composition of 0.7%, inert gas: remaining, and the following reaction conditions and atmosphere pressures were used: reaction temperature: 700 to 900 ° C., atmosphere pressure: 20 to When the layer is formed under the conditions of 200 torr, the formed layer has an amorphous structure and the conventional hard coating layer of Al ₂ O ₃
Al ₂ O ₃ constituting the layer is a composition containing Ti, Cl, and N, that is, the main component is Al and oxygen (O);
It has a composition containing Ti, Cl, and N, and the content of Ti and Cl is adjusted mainly by adjusting the composition and reaction atmosphere of the inert gas-based reaction gas. %, So that Ti: 1 to 15% and Cl: 0.005 to 0.1%, the resulting Al—O-based amorphous layer containing Ti and Cl is made thicker. However, local variation in the layer thickness is significantly reduced, and the flank of the cutting edge, the rake face, and the layer thickness of the edge where the flank intersects with the rake face are made uniform to each other. The content ratio of N is also set to 0.
When the content is adjusted so as to be 001 to 0.1%, the interlayer adhesion with the Ti compound layer constituting the hard coating layer is remarkably improved in the coexistence with Ti. A coated cermet tool formed by forming a hard coating layer composed of a Ti compound layer on the surface of a cemented carbide substrate,
Since -O based amorphous layer having a property equivalent to the Al ₂ O ₃ layer, excellent oxidation resistance and thermal stability, and high hardness coupled with the so equipped, for example steel or cast iron, etc. In addition to continuous cutting, the research results show that the cutting performance is excellent over a long period of time without causing chipping or chipping of the cutting edge even when used for intermittent cutting.

The present invention has been made on the basis of the above-mentioned research results, and TiC is formed on the surface of a cermet substrate.
Layer, TiN layer, TiCN layer, TiO ₂ layer, TiCO layer,
Coated cermet formed by forming a hard coating layer composed of one or more of Ti compound layers composed of a TiNO layer and a TiCNO layer and an Al ₂ O ₃ layer with an average layer thickness of 3 to 20 μm in the tool, the Al ₂ O ₃ constituting the the Al ₂ O ₃ layer, in weight%, Ti: 1~15%, Cl : 0.005~0.1%, N: 0.001~0.1% , And Al which becomes an amorphous structure
The -O-based amorphous layer, the Al by forming on behalf ₂ O ₃ layer, in particular scale layer uniform and interlayer adhesion improvement of thickness in the case of thicker, thereby chipping of the cutting edge The present invention is characterized by a coated cermet tool having improved properties.

As described above, Ti and Cl in the Al—O-based amorphous layer constituting the hard coating layer of the coated cermet tool according to the present invention, as described above, coexist in these two components and act to make the layer thickness uniform. Therefore, even if the content of Ti of these two components is less than 1% or the content of Cl is less than 0.005%, the desired effect cannot be obtained in the above-mentioned action. If the content of any of the above exceeds 15% of Ti and 0.1% of Cl, A
The properties of the Al—O-based amorphous layer having the same properties as the l ₂ O ₃ layer are impaired. From these results, the content was set to Ti: 1 to 15%, respectively.
Cl: 0.005 to 0.1%. Also, N
The component has the effect of improving the interlayer adhesion of the Al—O-based amorphous layer to the Ti compound layer in the coexistence with Ti as described above. Cannot improve the interlayer adhesion. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.1%, the properties of the Al—O-based amorphous layer will be impaired. ０．１0.1%. Furthermore, the reason why the average layer thickness of the hard coating layer is 3 to 20 μm is that the layer thickness is 3 μm.
Cannot secure the desired excellent wear resistance,
On the other hand, if the layer thickness exceeds 20 μm, the fracture resistance is reduced.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, the coating cermet of the present invention will be described.
The tool will be specifically described with reference to an example. As raw material powder
WC powder having an average particle size of 2.8 μm;
4.9 μm coarse WC powder, 1.5 μm (Ti_0.3 
W_0.7 ) C powder, 1.2 μm (Ti_0. FourW_0.6 ) C
N powder, 1.2 μm (Ta_0.9Nb_0.1) C powder,
1.3 μm (Ti_0.6W_0.3Mo_0.1) CN powder,
1.5μm TiCN powder, 1.5μm TaC powder
Powder, 1.5 μm NbC powder, 1.5 μm Mo _Two
C powder, 2.0 μm Ni powder, and 1.1 μm
Are prepared, and these raw material powders are shown in Table 1.
Formulated into the composition, wet-mixed for 72 hours in a ball mill,
After drying, use ISO / CNMG120408 (carbide substrate
A to D and cermet substrates F and G) and SEE
N2AFTN1 (for carbide substrate E)
Press molded into a body, and this green compact is also shown in Table 1.
Carbide substrates A to E and S
-Met substrates F and G were produced. In addition,
100 torr CH against carbide substrate B_Four Gas atmosphere
Air, temperature: Hold at 1400 ° C for 1 hour, then slowly cool carburizing
After the treatment, the carbon adhering to the surface of the carbide substrate
The surface is removed by removing Co by acid and barrel polishing.
Maximum Co content at a position of 11 μm from the surface: 15.9 weight
%, Depth: forming a Co-enriched zone of 42 μm on the substrate surface
did. The super-hard substrates A and D are not sintered.
Up to 17 μm from the surface
Amount: 9.1% by weight, depth: 23 μm Co-enriched band
And the remaining cemented carbide substrates C and E have the C
o No enriched zone is formed and the overall structure is homogeneous
It was. Table 1 shows that the above-mentioned carbide substrates A to E and
And the internal hardness of the cermet bases F and G (Rockwell hardness)
A scale).

Then, the surface of each of the superhard substrates A to E and the cermet substrates F and G is honed, and a conventional chemical vapor deposition apparatus is used.
CN has a vertically elongated crystal structure described in JP-A-6-8010, and p-TiCN has a normal granular crystal structure) and under the conditions shown in Table 3, The coated cermet tools 1 to 19 of the present invention and the conventional coated cermet tools 1 to 12 were formed by forming a hard coating layer having the composition and the target layer thickness (layer thickness at the flank of the cutting edge) shown in Tables 4 and 5, respectively. Manufactured. The Al—O-based amorphous layer and the Al ₂ O ₃ layer constituting the hard coating layer of the various coated cermet tools obtained as a result (the identification of these layers is based on the flank of the cutting edge in each cermet tool). X-ray diffraction pattern was observed), the maximum layer thickness at the edge where the flank and rake face of the cutting edge intersected was measured, and the flank and rake face at locations 1 mm inward from the edge respectively. Was measured. Tables 6 and 7 show the measurement results. Note that T other than the Al—O-based amorphous layer and the Al ₂ O ₃ layer constituting the hard coating layer
The layer thickness of the i-compound layer showed almost no local variation and showed almost the same value as the target layer thickness.

Further, for the purpose of evaluating the fracture resistance of the cutting blade, the coated cermet tools 1 to 13 of the present invention and the conventional coated cermet tools 1 to 6 described above were made of a work material: JIS SCM440 round bar, Cutting speed: 400 m / min. , Depth of cut: 1.5 mm, feed: 0.3 mm / rev. , Cutting time: 10 minutes, Dry continuous cutting test of alloy steel under the following conditions: Work material: JIS SCM440, 4 longitudinally spaced round bars at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction, Cutting speed: 150 m / min. , Depth of cut: 2 mm. Feed: 0.3 mm / rev. , Cutting time: 5 minutes, a dry intermittent cutting test of the alloy steel was performed under the following conditions, and the flank wear width of the cutting edge was measured in each cutting test.

[0010] Also, the coated cermet tool 1 of the present invention.
4 and the conventional coated cermet tool 7, a work material: a round bar of JIS SCr420, a cutting speed: 300 m / min. Infeed: 1.5 mm. Feed: 0.3 mm / rev. Cutting time: 15 minutes, dry continuous cutting test of alloy steel under the following conditions: Work material: JIS SCr420, four longitudinally spaced round bars at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction, Cutting speed: 150 m / min. , Depth of cut: 2 mm. Feed: 0.3 mm / rev. , Cutting time: 5 minutes, a dry intermittent cutting test of the alloy steel was performed under the following conditions, and the flank wear width of the cutting edge was measured in each cutting test.

Similarly, for the coated cermet tool 15 of the present invention and the conventional coated cermet tool 8, a work material: a JIS S45C round bar, a cutting speed: 300 m / min. Infeed: 1.5 mm. Feed: 0.3 mm / rev. Cutting time: 15 minutes, dry continuous cutting test of carbon steel under the following conditions: Work material: JIS S45C, 4 longitudinally-spaced round bars at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction, Cutting speed: 150 m / min. , Depth of cut: 2 mm. Feed: 0.3 mm / rev. , Cutting time: 5 minutes, dry intermittent cutting test of carbon steel was performed under the following conditions, and the flank wear width of the cutting edge was measured in each cutting test.

Similarly, for the coated cermet tool 16 of the present invention and the conventional coated cermet tool 9, a work material: a round bar of JIS FC200, a cutting speed: 400 m / min. Infeed: 1.5 mm. Feed: 0.3 mm / rev. , Cutting time: 15 minutes, Dry continuous cutting test of cast iron under the following conditions: Work material: JIS FC200, 4 longitudinally equally spaced round bars with longitudinal grooves, Cutting speed: 150 m / min. , Depth of cut: 2 mm. Feed: 0.3 mm / rev. A dry intermittent cutting test of cast iron was performed under the following conditions: cutting time: 5 minutes, and the flank wear width of the cutting edge was measured in each cutting test.

Further, the coated cermet tool 1 of the present invention is also provided.
7 and the conventional coated cermet tool 10, a work material: a square member of JIS SNCM439 having a size of 100 mm in width × 500 mm in length, and a use condition: a single blade attached to a cutter having a diameter of 125 mm; p. m. Cutting speed: 200 m / min. , Depth of cut: 2 mm. , Feed: 0.2mm / tooth, Cutting time: 3 passes (1 pass cutting time: 5.3 minutes), Dry milling (intermittent cutting) test of alloy steel under the following conditions: flank wear of cutting edge The width was measured.

Further, the same coated cermet tool 1 of the present invention
8, 19 and the conventional coated cermet tools 11 and 12 were as follows: Work material: JIS S25C round bar, Cutting speed: 350 m / min. Infeed: 1 mm. Feed: 0.25 mm / rev. Cutting time: 20 minutes, dry continuous cutting test of carbon steel under the following conditions: Work material: JIS S25C, 4 longitudinally spaced round bars at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction, Cutting speed: 250 m / min. Infeed: 1 mm. Feed: 0.2 mm / rev. , Cutting time: 15 minutes, dry intermittent cutting test of carbon steel was performed under the following conditions, and the flank wear width of the cutting edge was measured in each cutting test. Tables 6 and 7 show the results of these measurements.

[0015]

[Table 1]

[0016]

[Table 2]

[0017]

[Table 3]

[0018]

[Table 4]

[0019]

[Table 5]

[0020]

[Table 6]

[0021]

[Table 7]

[0022]

According to the results shown in Tables 6 and 7, the hard coating layer was formed by using an inert gas-based reactive gas,
The coated cermet tools 1 to 19 according to the present invention, which are formed by forming an Al-O-based amorphous layer containing i, Cl, and N, have a thickness greater than the thickness of the Al-O-based amorphous layer. Even if the thickness of the flank of the cutting edge, the rake face, and the edge where the flank and the rake face intersect are uniform, the hydrogen-based reactive gas In the conventional coated cermet tools 1 to 12 in which an Al ₂ O ₃ layer is formed using a flank face, a rake face,
The thickness of the cermet tools 1 to 19 according to the present invention is excellent in adhesion between the Al—O-based amorphous layer and the Ti compound layer constituting the hard coating layer. In addition to having excellent oxidation resistance and thermal stability equivalent to that of Al ₂ O ₃ layer, and having high hardness, it shows excellent wear resistance in continuous cutting of steel and cast iron, and especially intermittent It is clear that the cutting shows much higher fracture resistance than the conventional coated cermet tools 1 to 12. As described above, the coated cermet tool according to the present invention has an Al—O-based amorphous layer constituting the hard coating layer, even if it is made thicker, has very little local variation, and has a Ti compound layer. it since it is excellent in interlayer adhesion, the Al-O-based amorphous layer is combined with that having a property equal to the the Al ₂ O ₃ layer, for example, steel or continuous cutting of cast iron is of course relative, In particular, it shows excellent fracture resistance in intermittent cutting and exhibits excellent cutting performance over a long period of time.
It is possible to satisfactorily cope with energy saving and labor saving.

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor ▲ Isao Toshi 1511 Furimagi, Ishishita-cho, Yuki-gun, Ibaraki Prefecture Inside the Tsukuba Works, Mitsubishi Materials Corporation (72) Inventor Yuki Hamaguchi, Ijimo-machi, Ishishita-cho, Ibaraki Prefecture 1511 Thu Inside Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Tsukuba Factory

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claims 1. A tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide substrate or a titanium carbonitride-based cermet substrate, a Ti carbide layer, a nitride layer, a carbonitride layer, an oxide layer, a carbon oxide layer, a nitrogen oxide layer, And / or physical vapor deposition of a hard coating layer composed of one or more of Ti compound layers composed of a carbonitride oxide layer and an aluminum oxide layer with an average layer thickness of 3 to 20 μm. In the surface-coated cermet cutting tool, the aluminum oxide constituting the aluminum oxide layer is added to the aluminum oxide in a weight percentage of Ti: 1 to 15%, Cl: 0.005 to 0.1%, N: 0.001 to 0%. .1%, and Al as an amorphous structure
A cutting tool made of a surface cermet having excellent fracture resistance, wherein an -O-based amorphous layer is formed in place of the aluminum oxide layer.