JPH10102969A - Rotary casing type excavator and excavating method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the rotary propelling force of a tubular casing to be transmitted to a grab type bracket and to impart a sufficient gripping force produced by hydraulic pressure. SOLUTION: A grab type bucket 1 suspended by a suspension means can be held suspended by a grip device 3 inside a tubular casing C which can be rotated and pressed into the ground, and the bucket 1 can be controlled for opening and closing by the suspension means. In this case, the grip device 3 includes a gripper 30 whose end face approaches and leaves the inner peripheral surface of the tubular casing C and an accumulator 34 supplying operating oil of a predetermined pressure to a gripping cylinder 33 used for driving the gripper 30.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary casing excavator having a grab-type bracket as an excavating apparatus, and capable of excavating by transmitting the rotational propulsion force of a tubular casing to the bracket. It relates to the excavation method using a drill.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a device used when constructing a pile in the ground, a grab-type bucket (a so-called hammer club) is placed in a tubular casing which is rotationally propelled by a rotating device installed on the ground and pressed into the soil. ), And a casing rotary excavator that excavates and removes soil by inserting a middle excavating device including a rotary bucket.

[0003]

However, the casing rotary type excavator described above still has the following problems.

[0004] That is, a device using the above-mentioned hammer grab as a digging device has an advantage that it is easy to handle since the same grab is operated by a wire such as a crane, but has a problem of noise and vibration because it is dropped by its own weight. In addition, it has been pointed out from an early stage, and has a drawback that the grab does not penetrate sufficiently into the hard ground or the bedrock, and that the falling speed is reduced in water and the working efficiency is reduced.

On the other hand, those using a rotary bucket are:
A grip device for connecting and fixing the bucket to the tubular casing is provided, but such a grip device is, for example, a mechanical type in which a gripper is extended by a weight, has a small grip force, and is liable to cause a slip or the like and is smooth. There is a drawback that excavation work can not be performed, and the one that makes the gripper overhang by hydraulic pressure is because the hydraulic hose is extended from the ground into the tubular casing even if the grip force is sufficiently obtained, There is a problem that the hose becomes long and hinders the work, and the hose may be cut.

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide a casing rotary excavator capable of solving the above-mentioned problems, and an excavation method using the excavator.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a grab-type bucket suspended by suspension means in a tubular casing rotatable and press-fittable underground by a gripping device. In addition to being capable of being held in a suspended state, the opening and closing of the bucket is operable by the suspending means, and the grip device includes a gripper having a distal end surface that comes into contact with and separates from the inner peripheral surface of the tubular casing; An accumulator for supplying hydraulic oil at a predetermined pressure to the grip cylinder is provided.

[0008] As an excavation method using the above-mentioned excavator, a bucket configured to be freely openable and closable by a suspending means is suspended and inserted into a tubular casing rotatable and press-fittable in the ground. By extruding a gripper provided on the apparatus body connected with the bucket, the bucket and the tubular casing are integrally connected, and the tubular casing is rotationally propelled to perform excavation with the integrally rotating bucket, and thereafter, The bucket is closed by the operation of the suspension means to take in the excavated soil, the gripper is retracted to release the connection between the bucket and the tubular casing, and the bucket is lifted to the ground by the suspension means to discharge the soil. I have to.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A rotary casing excavator according to the present invention provides a grab-type bucket suspended by a suspending means in a tubular casing rotatable and press-fittable in the ground by a gripping device. And can be held with
The opening and closing of the bucket can be operated by the hanging means,
The grip device includes a gripper having a distal end surface that comes into contact with and separates from the inner peripheral surface of the tubular casing, and an accumulator that supplies hydraulic oil at a predetermined pressure to a gripping cylinder for driving the gripper.

[0010] That is, in the form of a grab-type bucket, so-called hammer grab, not only excavation due to its own weight drop but also the rotation propulsion force of the tubular casing can be used for excavation of the bucket, and the opening and closing operation of the bucket can be performed by the suspension means. Therefore, a one-man operation can be performed, and it is not necessary to arrange an operator for opening and closing the bucket near the excavator, thereby improving the safety of construction.

[0011] The grip device may include a wedge formed in a cylindrical device main body provided with a plurality of grippers which are provided with a plurality of grippers which are connected to the bucket in a downward direction and which can move outward and outward through respective wedge bodies. A gripping cylinder that drives the body to bring the gripper tip into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the tubular casing, and an accumulator that is connected to and connected to the gripping cylinder and supplies hydraulic oil at a predetermined pressure to the cylinder Then, by lifting up the apparatus main body, the hydraulic oil in the gripping cylinder is returned to accumulate pressure in the accumulator.

As described above, since the grip device itself is provided with the accumulator serving as a hydraulic pressure generating source, the distance between the accumulator and the gripping cylinder is shortened, and a long hydraulic hose is extended from the hydraulic pressure generating source on the ground to form a pipe. There is no need to crawl in the upper casing, and workability is significantly improved.

Further, since the gripper is extended through the wedge body, the grip force is increased, and the boring device can be reliably linked with the tubular casing.

[0014]

[0015] Further, the apparatus main body is provided with an outer case having a gripper extending outlet on the outer peripheral surface and supporting a bucket below, and is disposed inside the outer case so as to be able to move up and down, and a wedge is formed on the peripheral wall. An outer cylinder in which a gripper is movably connected via a body so as to be able to move forward and backward, an inner cylinder which is arranged in the outer cylinder so as to be able to move up and down, and an inner cylinder which is arranged so as to be able to move up and down in the inner cylinder, and a lower end is provided with a link mechanism in the bucket And a central rod having a lower end connected to the bucket opening / closing column and an upper end connected to a suspending means such as a crane.

Therefore, the mechanism for opening and closing the bucket and the mechanism for gripping are accommodated in the apparatus main body.
It is possible to obtain a sufficient excavating ability while making the entire excavator compact.

In the excavation method using the casing rotary excavator having the above-described structure, a bucket configured to be freely openable and closable by a suspending means is inserted and suspended in a tubular casing rotatable and press-fittable into the ground. Then, by extruding a gripper provided on the apparatus body in which the bucket is connected, the bucket and the tubular casing are integrally connected, and the tubular casing is rotationally propelled, thereby performing excavation with the integrally rotating bucket. Then, the bucket is closed by the operation of the suspending means to take in the excavated soil, the gripper is retracted to release the connection between the bucket and the tubular casing, and the bucket is lifted to the ground by the suspending means to discharge the soil. I do.

At this time, the opening and closing operation of the bucket can be easily performed by the operation of the suspension means, and the retracting operation of the gripper is automatically performed when the apparatus body is pulled up by the suspension means. In addition, since a large-capacity excavation / discharge can be performed by a grab-type bucket, work efficiency is remarkably improved.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a use state of a casing rotary excavator (hereinafter referred to as an excavator) A according to the present invention.

The excavator A has a digging device B in which a grab-type openable / closable bucket 1 generally called a hammer club is connected to a lower end of an apparatus main body 2 via a support plate 11, and the digging device B can be inserted. A tubular casing C and a casing rotating device D for rotating the tubular casing C are provided.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a grip device provided on the apparatus main body 2. The grip device 3 enables the bucket 1 to be connected and fixed in the tubular casing C.

E denotes a suspending means of the digging apparatus B, which comprises a child wire E1 and a parent wire E2 operated by a crane or the like (not shown).

When using the excavator A having the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 1, a casing rotating device D is first placed on the ground G to be excavated, and a tubular casing C is set on the rotating device D. The middle digging device B suspended in C is inserted.

Next, a gripper provided on the grip device 3
30 and firmly press the end thereof against the inner peripheral surface of the tubular casing C.
Is firmly fixed and held in the tubular casing C, and the casing rotating device D and the tubular casing C and the digging device B
Are simultaneously rotated to perform a digging operation to a desired depth.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2, the bucket 1 is closed by operating the suspending means E, and the gripper 30 is retracted into the apparatus main body 2.
The bucket 1 is opened by the operation of the suspension means E, and the sediment and the like stored therein are discharged.

By repeating such operations, excavation to a desired depth can be performed efficiently.

FIGS. 3 and 4 specifically show the configuration of the digging apparatus B. FIG.

The bucket 1 has a plurality of drill bits 12 around its periphery.
Are formed in a hemispherical shape by a pair of cells 10, 10 provided with
It is rotatably mounted via 4.

An arm connected to the two rotating cylinders 14 is provided.
A link mechanism is constructed by rotatably connecting a connecting rod 16 to each of the distal ends of the links 15, and a base end of the connecting rod 16 is connected to a bucket opening / closing column 20 provided in the apparatus main body 2. The cell 10 is pivoted as the bucket opening / closing column 20 moves up and down.
The bucket 1 is configured to be openable and closable by rotating about 13 turns. The lifting of the bucket opening / closing column 20 will be described later. Reference numeral 17 denotes an excavation bit provided on the rotating cylinder 14, and reference numeral 18 denotes a reinforcing plate.

The apparatus main body 2 has an outer case 21 having a gripper 30 formed in a cylindrical shape on the outer peripheral surface thereof and having an outlet 21a of a gripper 30 and connecting the bucket 1 via a support plate 11 below. The gripper 30 is disposed inside the outer case 21 so as to be able to move up and down freely, and the gripper 30 is formed on a peripheral wall through a wedge body 31 which is formed in a shape in which a truncated cone is inverted and forms a part of the grip device 3. An outer cylinder 22 connected to move forward and backward, an inner cylinder 23 arranged in the outer cylinder 22 so as to be able to move up and down, and an outer cylinder 22 arranged so as to be able to move up and down in the inner cylinder 23 and a lower end of the outer cylinder 22 connected to the bucket 1 via a link mechanism. And a central rod 24 having a lower end connected to the bucket opening / closing column 20 and an upper end connected to the sub-wire E1 of the suspension means E. 23a is an outer cylinder engagement ring provided on the inner cylinder 23, 24
Reference numeral a denotes a first engagement ring provided at the lower end of the center rod 24. The first engagement ring 24a is detachably engageable with an engagement end 20a provided at the upper end of the bucket opening / closing column 20.

At the upper end of the inner cylinder 23, an engaging portion 4 provided with a cam 40 is provided in series, and the apparatus main body suspending cylinder 5 is engaged with the engaging portion 4, A crown F connected to the parent wires E2, E2 via a claw body 6 is detachably attached to the upper end of the center rod 24, and a second engagement ring 24b provided in the middle of the central rod 24 is engaged with the engagement portion 4. The main body 2 can be suspended only by the child wire E1 or only by the parent wire E2 by selecting the engagement or disengagement of the crown F by operating the suspension means E.

Further, the grip device 3 is provided with three grippers 30 radially, and each gripper 30 and the wedge body 31 are
Each of the wedges 31 is connected to the tip of a rod 33a of a gripping cylinder 33 via a sliding mechanism 32 having a roller 32a. Note that a groove is formed vertically and horizontally on the tip end surface of the gripper 30 to prevent slippage. 22a is a wedge body engagement ring attached to the outer cylinder 22, 32b is a long hole provided in the wedge body 31, and 32c is the same hole.
The shaft body is movable in the inside 32b and is connected to the base end of the gripper 30.

Further, the wedge body 31 is moved up and down in the apparatus main body 2 so as to be in communication with the gripping cylinders 33 for bringing the distal end surfaces of the grippers 30 into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the tubular casing C, respectively. An accumulator 34 for supplying hydraulic oil of a predetermined pressure to the cylinder 33 is provided.

In this embodiment, three accumulators 34 are provided in the lower space of the outer case 2 along the circumferential direction so as to correspond to the respective gripping cylinders 33. Reference numeral 35 denotes a pipe for communicating and connecting the grip cylinder 33 and the accumulator 34.

With the above configuration, when the digging device B is grounded to the ground G in the tubular casing C, the device body 2
The gripper 30 is strongly protruded by the own weight and the hydraulic pressure from the accumulator 34, securely grips the inner peripheral surface of the tubular casing C, and reliably transmits the rotational force and the propulsive force of the tubular casing C to the bucket 1. Can be.

In addition, since the hydraulic pressure path does not need to communicate with the outside of the tubular casing C at all, the pipe 35 is safe without any risk of breakage.

When the grip is released, when the outer cylinder 22 is raised, the wedge body 31 is also raised by the wedge body engagement ring 22a.
At this time, the rod 33a of the gripping cylinder 33 is retracted, and the hydraulic oil in the cylinder 33 is returned to the accumulator 34 to accumulate pressure, so that the next grip operation can be performed.

As described above, since the grip is operated using the hydraulic pressure and the mechanical force, a strong and reliable action can be obtained.
Moreover, since the hydraulic pipe 35 does not extend outside the tubular casing C, there is no danger of the pipe 35 being twisted due to the rotation of the casing C.

Further, since the distance between the accumulator 34 and the gripping cylinder 33 is short, it can be made more compact than a mechanical gripping device.

The operation of the excavator A according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 5, the boring device B is suspended by the suspending means E in order to be inserted into the tubular casing C. This state also corresponds to the state (see FIG. 2) when the excavating device B is pulled up from the tubular casing C and the discharging operation is completed.

In such a state, the crown F of the boring apparatus B is detached, and is suspended only by the sub-wire E1 via the central rod 24.

That is, the first engagement ring of the center rod 24
24a, the bucket 1 and the outer case 21 are suspended, and the inner cylinder is engaged with the second engagement ring 24b of the central rod 24 via the engagement portion 4.
23 and the outer cylinder 22 are suspended.

At this time, since the wedge body 31 is engaged with the wedge body engagement ring 22a of the outer cylinder 22, and is relatively pushed upward by its own weight of the digging device B, the gripper 30 is moved to the retreat position. The bucket opening / closing column 20 is at the lowermost end, and the bucket 1 is open.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the boring device B is inserted into the tubular casing C while being lowered, and
30 and firmly press the end thereof against the inner peripheral surface of the tubular casing C.
Is firmly fixed and held in the tubular casing C. In this state, the casing rotating device D simultaneously rotates the tubular casing C and the excavating device B to perform excavation work to a desired depth (see FIG. 1).

That is, in this state, since the bucket 1 comes into contact with the ground G, the child wire E1 is loosened, and the load of the digging device B is supported by the ground G.
The inner cylinder 23 and the outer cylinder 22 descend. Since the force corresponding to the own weight of the digging device B holding the wedge body 31 has been lost, a predetermined pressure acts on the gripping cylinder 33 from the accumulator 34 to push down the wedge body 31 and the gripper 30 is extended. Will be. At this time, when the child wire E1 is further loosened and the center rod 24 is lowered, the apparatus main body hanging cylinder 5 is lowered by its own weight, and the cam 40 of the engaging portion 4 is moved downward as shown by the dashed line in FIG. , So that the second engagement ring 24b of the center rod 24 can pass through the engagement portion 4.

When the excavation proceeds to a predetermined depth, as shown in FIG. 7, the cell 10 of the bucket 1 is closed to take in the excavated soil.

That is, when the sub-wire E1 is pulled up after excavation, the second engaging ring 24b of the central rod 24 rises without engaging with the engaging portion 4 as described above, and The upper end of the hanging cylinder 5 is engaged. By this stroke, the bucket opening / closing column 20 rises, and each cell 10 of the bucket 1 starts the closing operation via the link mechanism, and then, as shown in FIG.
24 is further raised, the bucket opening / closing column 20 is further raised, and the bucket 1 is completely closed to complete the taking of excavated soil.

In the state shown in FIG. 8, as in the state shown in FIG. 5, the entire load of the digging device B is applied only to the child wire E1, and the wedge body 31 corresponds to the own weight of the digging device B. The gripper 30 is retracted by being pushed up by force, and the grip is released.

In this state, the digging device B rises inside the tubular casing C and is pulled up to the outside.
The parent wire E2 is operated to lower the crown F, and the crown F is engaged with the claw body 6 provided at the upper end of the apparatus main body suspension cylinder 5 as shown by the dashed line in FIG.

Then, as shown in FIG.
When the child wire E1 is loosened while supporting the load with the parent wires E2 and E2 via the crown F, the bucket opening / closing column 20 descends by its own weight, and each cell 10 of the bucket 1 is moved via the link mechanism. It opens and the earth can be removed. At this time, the center rod 24 is also lowered until the second engagement ring 24b passes through the engagement portion 4, and at the same time, the second engagement ring 24b is again in a state capable of engaging with the cam 40. Then, the child wire E1 is wound up to support the load of the digging device B. Then, the crown F is detached from the claw body 6 again, and returns to the initial state shown in FIG.

By repeatedly performing such work, excavation to a desired depth can be performed in a short time and safely, and work efficiency is significantly improved.

In the above configuration, in order to open and close the bucket 1 more smoothly, for example, an actuator such as a bucket opening / closing cylinder may be replaced with a bucket opening / closing column.
Means such as providing within 20 are also conceivable.

[0055]

The present invention is embodied in the form described above, and has the following effects.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a grab-type bucket suspended by suspension means can be held in a suspended state by a gripping device in a tubular casing which can be rotationally pressed into the ground. The opening and closing of the bucket is operable by the suspending means, and the grip device includes a gripper having a distal end surface that comes into contact with and separates from the inner peripheral surface of the tubular casing;
The gripping cylinder for driving the gripper is provided with an accumulator for supplying hydraulic oil at a predetermined pressure. The rotating propulsion of the bucket can be used for excavation of the bucket, and the opening and closing work of the bucket can be performed by the suspension means, so that one-man work can be performed, and there is no need to arrange an operator for opening and closing the bucket near the excavator, so construction is performed. Safety is improved.

Further, since the grip device itself has an accumulator serving as a hydraulic pressure generating source, the distance between the accumulator and the gripping cylinder is short, and the device can be more compact than a mechanical grip device.

In addition, it is not necessary to extend a long hydraulic hose from the hydraulic source on the ground and to crawl the inside of the pipe casing, so that workability is remarkably improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the grip device is a cylindrical device main body provided with a plurality of grippers which are connected to the lower part of the bucket and which can move outward and retreat through respective wedges. A gripping cylinder for driving the wedge body to bring the tip end surface of the gripper into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the tubular casing, and communicating with the gripping cylinder to supply hydraulic oil at a predetermined pressure to the cylinder. By providing an accumulator and raising the device body, the hydraulic oil in the grip cylinder is recirculated to accumulate the accumulator.In addition to the above-described effects, more reliable pressing by the wedge body is achieved. A grip force can be obtained.

Furthermore, the accumulator can automatically accumulate the pressure when the underground digging device including the device body and the bucket is pulled up, so that a continuous operation can be easily performed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the apparatus main body is provided with an outer case having a gripper extending outlet on the outer peripheral surface and supporting a bucket below, and is arranged inside the outer case so as to be able to move up and down. An outer cylinder in which a gripper is connected to the peripheral wall via a wedge body so as to be able to advance and retreat, an inner cylinder disposed in the outer cylinder so as to be able to move up and down, and A bucket opening / closing column connected to the bucket opening / closing column via a link mechanism, and a central rod having a lower end connected to the bucket opening / closing column and an upper end connected to a suspending means such as a crane. Since the mechanism for performing the opening / closing operation and the mechanism for performing the grip are accommodated in the apparatus main body, it is possible to obtain a sufficient excavating ability while making the entire excavator compact.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a bucket configured to be freely openable and closable by a suspending means is inserted through a tubular casing rotatable and pressed into the ground in an open state. By extruding the gripper provided on the apparatus main body, the bucket and the tubular casing are integrally connected, and the tubular casing is rotationally propelled to perform excavation with the integrally rotating bucket. The bucket was closed by operation to take in the excavated soil, the gripper was retracted to release the connection between the bucket and the tubular casing, and the excavation method was used in which the bucket was lifted to the ground by the suspending means to discharge the soil. The opening / closing operation of the gripper can be easily performed by the operation of the suspension means, and the retraction operation of the gripper is automatically performed when the apparatus body is pulled up by the suspension means. Since workability is good, moreover, the working efficiency since the excavation and earth removal of large capacity can be performed is significantly improved by the grab type of the bucket, shortening the construction period, it is possible to reduce the cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an excavation state of a casing rotary excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a discharging state of the excavator.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a middle digging device of the excavator.

FIG. 4 is a view taken along the line II in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the inside excavator of the excavator.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the middle digging device.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the middle digging device.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation of the inside digging apparatus.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the inside digging device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List A casing rotary excavator B medium digging device C tubular casing D casing rotating device E suspension means 1 bucket 2 device main body 3 grip device 20 center rod 21 outer case 21a extension outlet 22 outer cylinder 23 inner cylinder 24 bucket opening and closing column 30 Gripper 31 Wedge 33 Grip cylinder 34 Accumulator

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A tubular casing which can be rotationally pressed into the ground.
In (C), the grab-type bucket (1) suspended by the suspension means (E) can be held in a suspended state by the grip device (3), and the opening and closing of the bucket (1) is performed as described above. Operable by means of suspension (E), said grip device (3)
A gripper (30) whose tip surface comes into contact with and separates from the inner peripheral surface of the tubular casing (C), and a gripping cylinder for driving the gripper (30)
A rotary casing excavator, comprising: (33) an accumulator (34) for supplying hydraulic oil at a predetermined pressure. 2. The bucket device according to claim 1, wherein the grip device includes a bucket.
(1) are connected in a downward direction, and a plurality of grippers (30) that can move outward and outward through respective wedge bodies (31) are provided in a cylindrical device main body (2). A gripping cylinder (33) for driving the body (31) to abut the distal end surface of the gripper (30) against the inner peripheral surface of the tubular casing (C);
(33), and an accumulator (34) for supplying hydraulic oil at a predetermined pressure to the cylinder (33).
By lifting up, the grip cylinder (33)
The casing rotary excavator according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic oil in the inside is refluxed to accumulate the pressure in the accumulator (34). 3. The apparatus main body (2) is provided with a gripper (3) on its outer peripheral surface.
An outer case (21) having a tension outlet (21a) and a bucket (1) supported below, and is disposed inside the outer case (21) so as to be able to move up and down, and a wedge is formed on the peripheral wall. An outer cylinder (22) in which a gripper (30) is movably connected via a body (31), and an outer cylinder (22);
And a bucket opening / closing column having a lower end connected to the bucket (1) via a link mechanism while being vertically movable within the inner cylinder (23). (20) and a central rod (2) having a lower end connected to the bucket opening / closing column (20) and an upper end connected to a suspending means (E) such as a crane.
4. The rotary casing excavator according to claim 2, wherein the excavator is constituted by: 4. A tubular casing which can be rotationally pressed into the ground.
In (C), a bucket (1) configured to be freely openable and closable by a suspending means (E) is suspended and inserted in an open state, and then provided in an apparatus body (2) in which the bucket (1) is connected. The gripper (30) is extended, the bucket (1) and the tubular casing (C) are integrally connected, and the tubular casing (C) is rotationally propelled to excavate with the integrally rotating bucket (1). After that, the bucket (1) is closed by the operation of the suspension means (E) to take in excavated soil, and the gripper (30) is retracted to move the bucket (1) and the tubular casing (C). An excavation method using a casing rotary excavator, wherein the connection is released, and the bucket (1) is lifted to the ground by the suspension means (E) to discharge the earth.