JPH1010059A - X-ray flaw detecting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently and precisely detect a damage within a flaw detecting body by marking an abnormal position detected by a flow detection other than X-ray, and performing the X-ray inspection of this part with X-ray. SOLUTION: A hand rail 1 is first inspected by a hand rail checker, and an abnormal position is alarmed by a buzzer or the like by the detection of a leakage magnetic flux. The abnormal position is marked with a tape, and when the abnormality is judged from the peak of output waveform of the checker and a prescribed value, a flaw detection is executed by an X-ray flaw detecting device 9. Namely, the rail 1 is removed from a hand rail guide 45, the upper body 10 of the device 9 is inclined to insert and arrange the rail 1 into the opening part, and the body 10 is then returned and connected to a lower body 11. The lower part of the device 9 is set in such a manner as to be capable of traveling along the guide 45. The power source of the device 9 is then inputted, and the device 9 is positioned to the marked damage part while visually confirming an image receiving part from above. The X-ray inspection is executed in this state by the X-ray generating part within the body 11 and the X-ray image receiving part within the body 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an X-ray flaw detection method for detecting damage in a flaw detector which cannot be invisible from the outside.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, in a man conveyor such as an escalator, a handrail is provided which moves in the same direction in synchronization with a step of carrying a passenger, and the passenger is prevented from falling by being caught by the handrail during traveling. This handrail may be out of synchronization with the steps due to temperature fluctuations, long-term use, etc., which may cause the rubber that composes the handrail to stretch and lose its tension. The steel cord is embedded in the steel cord, but if the steel cord is used for a long period of time, the steel cord breaks due to metal fatigue due to bending or the like.

Therefore, in order to detect damage to a steel cord, as described in JP-A-6-316394,
There has been proposed a handle checker having exciting means for magnetizing a steel cord embedded in a handrail in a traveling direction, and a detecting coil for detecting leakage magnetic flux generated from a damaged portion of the steel cord magnetized by the exciting means. I have. When the steel cord in the handrail is magnetized in the traveling direction, if the steel cord is damaged, a leakage magnetic flux is generated from the damaged portion, and the leakage magnetic flux can be detected by the detection coil.

[0004]

However, in the conventional handle checker, even if the presence or absence of damage can be accurately detected, whether the damage requires replacement of the handrail at an early stage, or the possibility of handrail replacement in the future. It was not possible to accurately detect whether replacement was necessary.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an X-ray flaw detection method capable of efficiently and accurately detecting damage in a flaw detection body.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an X-ray flaw detection method for detecting damage in a flaw detector, wherein the damage in the flaw detector is externally performed by means other than X-ray flaw detection. It is characterized by comprising a flaw detection step, a step of marking a position where an abnormality has been detected in the first flaw detection step, and a second flaw detection step of flaw-detecting the marked portion with an X-ray flaw detector.

The X-ray flaw detection method according to the present invention first performs a first flaw detection step other than X-ray flaw detection prior to the X-ray flaw detection apparatus capable of performing high-precision flaw detection as described above. Since the position where the abnormality is detected in the flaw detection process is marked, the irradiation time of the X-ray can be shortened as much as possible, and the detection can be performed efficiently and accurately.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, a handle checker 6 used in an X-ray flaw detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and an X-ray flaw detector 1
0 will be described. FIGS. 2 and 3 are a front sectional view and a side sectional view showing the handle checker 6. A substantially E-shaped detector 4 has permanent magnets 5A, which are exciting means, provided at both open ends thereof facing the handrail 1. 5B, and has an interval Y at the center thereof.
a and 4b are provided, and opposed detection coils Ka and Kb are wound around the opposed detection pieces 4a and 4b, respectively.
These are connected in reverse series, and output terminals a and b are taken out.

Now, when the handle checker 6 is installed on the handrail 1, the steel cord 1B of the handrail 1 is excited in the longitudinal direction by the main magnetic flux Φ0 by the permanent magnets 5A, 5B. At this time, since a plurality of steel cords 1B inside the handrail 1 are arranged side by side as shown in FIG. 2, the width X of the steel cords 1B arranged side by side as shown in FIG. 3 is evenly excited. . At this time, if the steel cord 1B is in a normal state, no leakage magnetic flux is generated and there is no detection by the opposing detection pieces 4a and 4b.

[0010] On the other hand, if the steel cord 1B is damaged such as breakage, a magnetic circuit is formed in the plurality of steel cords 1B in the longitudinal direction by the main magnetic flux Φ0, and leakage magnetic flux is generated from a damaged portion such as disconnection. Therefore, the leakage magnetic flux is detected by the opposed detection pieces 4a and 4b of the detection body 4. An indicator meter is connected to the output terminals a and b to display the occurrence of abnormal magnetic flux leakage, and an alarm buzzer is connected to sound the alarm buzzer when the magnetic flux leakage exceeds a predetermined value. I have. Further, a recording device is connected to the output terminals a and b, and the detection result of the broken steel cord 1B as shown in FIG.
The peak 1D of the waveform on the recording chart paper 8 in this case corresponds to the broken portion of the steel cord 1B. Since the steel cord 1B may spread in the width direction when the wire breaks or peels off from the rubber, the facing detection pieces 4a and 4b of the detection body 4 are made larger than the width dimension X of the steel cord 1B to detect damage. In order to improve the detection sensitivity and the detection accuracy by enlarging the width, the distance Y between the opposed detection pieces 4a and 4b formed in the traveling direction is set to 5 mm or less, so that the above-described leakage magnetic flux can be efficiently detected. it can.

FIGS. 8 and 9 are a front view and a side view of the X-ray flaw detector 9 in which only the upper part is cut away. The X-ray flaw detector 9 includes a lower main body 11 containing an X-ray generation unit including an X-ray tube 17 and a flyback transformer 18 and an X-ray image receiving unit 1 including an X-ray display unit 14A and an X-ray emission unit 14B.
And an upper main body 10 in which the two parts 4 are stored. This hinge 24
On the front surface corresponding to is provided a connecting fitting 12 for releasably connecting the two. In the lower part of the lower body 11,
A holding device is constituted by a pair of engaging portions 22A and 22B, an operating portion 21 for driving the engaging portions 22A and 22B in the direction of coming and going, and a rotatable roller 19 located above the engaging portions 22A and 22B. ing. On one side of the X-ray flaw detector 9, there is a grip 25 used for carrying, and on the opposite side, a plurality of rubber stands 26 used for storage are attached. An opening for inserting a handrail is formed in the center of the lower end of the upper main body 10, and a plurality of shields 16 which are formed in a strip shape and have followability are arranged at the entrance and the exit.

The X-ray generator in the lower body 11 has the circuit configuration shown in FIG. Charger 40 connected to commercial power
Is connected to the battery 32, and the operation switch 41 and the coil 30 of the relay are connected in series with the battery 32,
Contact 3 that closes and self-holds when coil 30 is excited
1 is connected in parallel with the operation switch 41. A timer 33 composed of a subtraction counter can set the time by a setting device 34.
S is built in, and the normally closed contact 33S
Is instantaneously opened at the end of the counting of, and the power supply circuit is shut off. The count value of the timer 33 can be sequentially displayed on the remaining time display 35. An excitation circuit 36 composed of an inverter switching circuit and the like, a semi-high voltage circuit 37 composed of the flyback transformer 18 and the like, and a high voltage generation circuit 38 composed of a voltage doubler adjusting circuit using a capacitor and the like are connected in series to the battery 32 via the timer 33. Have been. A variable resistor 3 is provided between the cathode side of the X-ray tube 17 and the battery 32.
9 is connected, and X-rays 1 radiated from the X-ray tube 17
The solid angle of 7X is about 40 degrees.

When the operation switch 41 is turned on, the coil 30
Is excited, and the contact 31 is closed to be self-held. At the same time, the timer 33 operates, and a set time, for example, 12
The remaining time is displayed on the remaining time display 35 for 0 to 180 seconds.
In this state, the voltage of the battery 32 passes through the contact 31, the coil 30, and the contact 33S of the timer 33 to drive the excitation circuit 3
6 is converted to AC, and 300 V is input to the semi-high voltage circuit 37, boosted by the semi-high voltage circuit 37, converted to DC high voltage of 30,000 V by the high voltage circuit 38, and this high voltage is applied to the X-ray tube 17. The soft X applied to the anode from the X-ray tube 17 to 20 Kev
A line 17X is irradiated. When the remaining time of the timer 33 becomes 0, the contact 33S is momentarily opened, the coil 30 is demagnetized, the self-holding state is released, the contact 31 is opened, and the application of the voltage to the X-ray generator is stopped, and The emission of the line 17X is stopped. Also, a current breaker 19 is provided in the lower main body 11, and when the upper main body 10 is opened or the connection fitting 12 is released, the current breaker 19 is activated and the power supply circuit is immediately cut off. I have. When the X-ray 17X is irradiated even after the set time has elapsed, the power can be cut off by an operation switch of the X-ray flaw detector 9 (not shown), or a buzzer 32 can be provided by providing a detection circuit.

The X-ray image receiving section 14 formed in the upper main body 10 shown in FIG. 8 is composed of a sheet glass located on the side of the X-ray tube 17 and an X-ray display film applied thereon. XA display 14A includes cesium iodide (CsI), zinc sulfide (ZnS), and platinum barium cyanide (Ba [Pt (CN) ₄ ], cesium iodide (CaI), and zinc sulfide. (ZnS) and calcium tungsten tetroxide (CaWO ₄ ). These materials are formed by applying each material as a thin layer on the anti-X-ray generating portion side of the sheet glass, or as a mixture of each material. The X-ray emitting unit 14B is applied with a photomultiplier tube voltage of 30,000 V to obtain a clear image, and the outer periphery of the X-ray image receiving unit 14 is surrounded by an X-ray shielding tube 13. ,Also The direction in which the view is shielded by the lead glass 15. Thus, X-rays tube 1 explained in FIG. 11
X-ray 17X from X-ray display unit 1 of X-ray image receiving unit 14
4A, the material forming the X-ray display film is excited, and the X-rays are efficiently converted to fluorescent emission energy and heat energy to form an image. For this reason, if the handrail 1, which is the object to be inspected, is arranged between the X-ray generation unit and the X-ray image receiving unit 14, an image is transmitted through the handrail 1, and the embedded steel cord 1B is observed in detail. be able to.

Next, an X-ray flaw detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. First, step S1 detects the state of the steel cord 1B embedded in the handrail 1 using the handrail checker 6 as a first flaw detection step. As shown in FIG. 4, the handrail 1 of the
The handrail 1 is moved in the same direction in synchronization with the step 3 so that the passenger riding the step 3 does not fall down, and the handrail 1 is moved in the axial direction as shown in FIG. And a plurality of steel cords 1B embedded therein. As shown in FIG. 4, the handrail checker 6 is mounted on the handrail 1 of the man conveyor, and the handrail 1 is inspected during the operation of the man conveyor. If the steel cord 1B is damaged, as shown in step S2, the leakage magnetic flux is detected by the above-described principle of the handrail checker 6, and an abnormal portion is notified by a display or a buzzer. At this time, as shown in step S3, the location corresponding to the abnormality of the handrail 1 is marked with a tape or the like, and the output waveform of the handrail checker 6 at the location corresponding to the abnormality of the handrail 1, as shown in FIG. Observing the waveform of the recording chart paper 8 shown in (1), if the peak exceeds a predetermined value and it is determined that there is an abnormality, the process proceeds to step S5 and the flaw detection by the X-ray flaw detector 9 as a second flaw detection process is performed. .

This is performed based on step S5. As shown in FIG. 7, the lower horizontal handrail 1 is removed from the handrail guide 45, and the X-ray flaw detector 9 is installed on the exposed handrail guide 45. I do. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the connection fitting 12 connecting the upper main body 10 and the lower main body 11 is released, and the upper main body 10 is tilted counterclockwise about the hinge 24, thereby forming a plurality of strips. While inserting the handrail 1 between the upper main body 10 and the lower main body 11 so that the handrail 1 is arranged in the opening of the upper main body 10 in which the shielding body 16 is disposed,
And is connected to the lower body 11 by the connection fitting 12. Along with this work, the X-ray flaw detector 9 is installed along the handrail guide 45 so as to be able to travel along with the handrail guide 45 by a holding device arranged below the lower main body 11 as shown in step S6. This means that, as shown in FIG. 10, the X-ray flaw detector 9 is arranged with the roller 19 positioned on the handrail guide 45,
A pair of engaging portions 22A, 22B is operated while operating the operating portion 21.
The X-ray flaw detector 9 is supported with the handrail guide 45 interposed therebetween. This entrapment is such that the X-ray flaw detector 9 can travel along the handrail guide 45 while rolling the roller 19, and the handrail 1 at the position marked in Step S3 is inserted into the X-ray flaw detector 9 Select the position so that it is located. In addition, the engaging portions 22A, 2A
If the pinching by 2B prevents the movement of the X-ray flaw detector 9, the operation unit 21 is operated to loosen a little between the engaging parts 22A and 22B, and after the X-ray flaw detector 9 is moved, the operation unit is again operated. The X-ray flaw detector 9 may be supported by manipulating 21 so that the handrail guide 45 is sandwiched between the pair of engaging portions 22A and 22B.

In this state, as shown in step S7, X
The power of the X-ray flaw detector 9 is turned on, and the X-ray flaw detector 9 is finely adjusted so as to correspond to the damaged portion of the steel cord 1B of the handrail 1 while observing the X-ray image receiving unit 14 from above the X-ray flaw detector 9. . If the positional relationships correspond, step S9
A VTR or a polaroid camera is attached to the X-ray flaw detector 9 as shown in FIG. At this time, unlike the handrail checker 6, the degree of damage to the steel cord 1B can be clearly understood by the X-ray flaw detector 9, so that it is possible to accurately determine whether the steel cord 1B should be replaced or not in the future. Moreover, since the damage position is grasped in advance by the handrail checker 6, the operation time of the X-ray flaw detector 9 can be shortened, which is extremely safe. Thereafter, as shown in step S10, the power of the X-ray flaw detector 9 is turned off, and step S1 is performed.
As shown in FIG. 1, the X-ray flaw detector 9 is connected to the handrail guide 4.
5 and the handrail 1 is attached to the handrail guide 45 as shown in step S12, and the operation is completed.

The handrail flaw detection method described above includes a first flaw detection step of detecting a damage position by the handrail checker 6, a step of marking when the first flaw detection step detects the damage position, and a step of marking the marked position. Of the handrail checker 6 used in the first flaw detection process.
Is not limited to the above-described method, but can be performed by a device other than the X-ray flaw detector 9.

FIG. 12 shows X according to another embodiment of the present invention.
The line flaw detector 9 is shown. Although the X-ray flaw detector 9 is configured so that the upper body 10 and the lower body 11 can be opened and closed by the connection fittings 12 and the hinges 24, the upper body 10 and the lower body 11
Are integrally formed in a U-shape, and the insertion portion of the handrail 1 is formed between the two, and the periphery thereof is shielded as necessary by an X-ray shield 46 having a strip shape and imparting followability. I have. Therefore, after the X-ray flaw detector 9 is supported on the handrail guide 45 by the pointing device, if the handrail 1 is inserted from the lateral direction of the insertion portion, flaw detection can be performed by the X-ray image receiving unit 14. Workability is better than form. Other configurations in the upper main body 10 and the lower main body 11 are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

In each of the embodiments described above, the case where the flaw detection is performed for the handrail 1 has been described.
The present invention can be applied to other flaw detectors capable of X-ray flaw detection.

[0021]

As described above, in the X-ray flaw detection method according to the present invention, the damage position of the flaw detector is detected by a method other than X-ray flaw detection as the first flaw detection process. When there was, the position was marked, and as the second flaw detection step, the marked position was detected by the X-ray flaw detector, so that the flaw detection by the X-ray flaw detector was limited to only the abnormal part and the operation time was minimized. At a minimum, highly accurate and efficient detection by the X-ray flaw detector can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a flaw detection method for a handrail for a man conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a handle checker used in a first flaw detection step of the flaw detection method shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the handle checker shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the man conveyor showing a use state of the handle checker shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a handrail of the man conveyor shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a recording chart paper showing a flaw detection result by the handle checker shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a side view of the man conveyor showing an operating state of the X-ray flaw detector used in the second flaw detection step of the flaw detection method shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a cross section of an upper part of the X-ray flaw detector shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a side view of the X-ray flaw detector shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a state in which the X-ray flaw detector shown in FIG. 9 is being mounted.

FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing an X-ray generation unit of the X-ray flaw detector shown in FIG.

12 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the X-ray flaw detector used in the second flaw detection step of the flaw detection method shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Handrail 1B Steel cord 6 Handle checker 9 X-ray flaw detector 10 Upper main body 11 Lower main body 14 X-ray image receiving part 17 X-ray tube

Claims (3)

[Claims] In an X-ray flaw detection method for detecting damage in a flaw detector, a first flaw detection step in which the damage in the flaw detector is externally performed other than X-ray flaw detection, and an abnormality is detected by the first flaw detection step. An X-ray flaw detection method comprising: a step of marking a position; and a second flaw detection step of flaw-detecting the marked portion with an X-ray flaw detector. 2. The X-ray flaw detection method according to claim 1, wherein the flaw detector is a handrail having a steel cord embedded therein. 3. The X-ray detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the second flaw detection step includes an X-ray image receiving portion that irradiates X-rays from one of the flaw-detecting bodies and projects transmitted X-rays. An X-ray flaw detection method comprising a flaw detection device.