JP3650220B2 - Handrail flaw detection method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to testing method of the handrail to detect damage to the flaw detection body that can not be eye view from the outside.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a man conveyor such as an escalator is provided with a handrail that moves in the same direction in synchronization with a step of placing a passenger, and the passenger is prevented from falling by being caught by the handrail during traveling. In order to prevent this from happening, it is possible that the handrail will lose its tension due to temperature changes and long-term use. Steel cord is embedded in the steel cord, but if this steel cord is also used for a long time, it will break due to metal fatigue due to bending or the like.
[0003]
Therefore, as described in JP-A-6-316394, in order to detect damage to the steel cord, excitation means for magnetizing the steel cord embedded in the handrail in the traveling direction, and steel magnetized by this excitation means A handle checker having a detection coil for detecting leakage magnetic flux generated from a damaged portion of a cord has been proposed. When the steel cord in the handrail is magnetized in the traveling direction, if the steel cord is damaged, a leakage magnetic flux is generated from the damaged portion, and this leakage magnetic flux can be detected by the detection coil.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, even if the conventional handle checker can accurately detect the presence or absence of damage, whether the damage should require early replacement of the handrail or whether replacement of the handrail will be necessary in the future. It could not be detected accurately.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a handrail flaw detection method capable of efficiently and accurately detecting damage in a flaw detection body.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
For the present invention to achieve the above object, in the inspection method of the handrail to detect damage in the implanted handrail steel cords therein, the performed externally flaw in the handrail outside the X-ray flaw detection A first flaw detection step, a step of marking a position where an abnormality is detected by the first flaw detection step, and a second flaw detection step of flaw detection with the X-ray flaw detection device. Is characterized by removing the vicinity of the marked portion of the handrail from the handrail guide, and supporting the X-ray flaw detector by the exposed handrail guide to detect the inside of the handrail.
[0007]
In the handrail flaw detection method according to the present invention, first, a first flaw detection process other than the X-ray flaw detection is performed prior to the X-ray flaw detection apparatus capable of performing high-precision flaw detection as described above. Because the position where the abnormality was detected was marked by this, and the vicinity of the marked position of this handrail was removed from the handrail guide, and the X-ray flaw detector was supported by the exposed handrail guide so that the inside of the handrail was detected. , X-ray irradiation time can be shortened as much as possible, and efficient and accurate detection can be performed.
[0008]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0009]
First, a handle checker 6 and an X-ray flaw detector 10 used in a handrail flaw detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0010]
FIGS. 2 and 3 are a front sectional view and a side sectional view showing the handle checker 6. The substantially E-shaped detection body 4 has permanent magnets 5A, which are excitation means, at the opposed portions to the handrail 1 at both open ends. The counter detection pieces 4a and 4b are provided with a space Y at the center thereof, and counter detection coils Ka and Kb are wound around the counter detection pieces 4a and 4b, respectively. Connected and output terminals a and b are taken out.
[0011]
Now, when the handle checker 6 is installed on the handrail 1, the steel cord 1B of the handrail 1 is excited in the longitudinal direction by the main magnetic flux Φ0 by the permanent magnets 5A and 5B. At this time, since a plurality of steel cords 1B inside the handrail 1 are arranged side by side as shown in FIG. 2, the width X of the steel cords 1B arranged side by side is evenly excited as shown in FIG. . At this time, if the steel cord 1B is in a normal state, no leakage magnetic flux is generated and no detection is made by the opposing detection pieces 4a and 4b.
On the other hand, if the steel cord 1B is damaged such as breakage, a magnetic circuit is formed in the longitudinal direction of the plurality of steel cords 1B by the main magnetic flux Φ0, and leakage magnetic flux is generated from the damaged portion such as disconnection. The leakage magnetic flux is detected by the opposing detection pieces 4a and 4b of the detection body 4. An output meter is connected to the output terminals a and b to display the occurrence of abnormal leakage magnetic flux, and an alarm buzzer is connected to sound an alarm buzzer when leakage flux exceeding a predetermined value occurs. Yes. Further, a recording device may be connected to the output terminals a and b, and the detection result of the broken steel cord 1B may be recorded on the recording chart paper 8 as shown in FIG. The peak 1D corresponds to the broken portion of the steel cord 1B. Since the steel cord 1B may spread in the width direction when it is broken or peeled off from the rubber, the opposing detection pieces 4a and 4b of the detection body 4 are made larger than the width dimension X of the steel cord 1B to detect damage. In order to improve the detection sensitivity and the detection accuracy by widening the width, the distance Y between the opposing detection pieces 4a and 4b formed in the traveling direction is set to 5 millimeters or less so that the above-described leakage magnetic flux can be detected efficiently. it can.
[0012]
8 and 9 are a front view and a side view in which only the upper part showing the X-ray flaw detector 9 is cut away.
[0013]
The X-ray flaw detector 9 includes a lower main body 11 that houses an X-ray generation unit including an X-ray tube 17 and a flyback transformer 18, and an X-ray image receiving unit 14 including an X-ray display unit 14A and an X-ray emission unit 14B. The upper body 10 is housed, and the two are connected to each other at two locations on the back by hinges 24. On the front surface corresponding to the hinge 24, there is provided a connecting fitting 12 that connects the two in a releasable manner. Further, at the lower part of the lower body 11, a pair of engaging portions 22A and 22B, an operation portion 21 that drives the engaging portions 22A and 22B, and a rotatable roller positioned above the engaging portions 22A and 22B. 19 is configured. One side surface of the X-ray flaw detector 9 has a grip portion 25 used for carrying, and a plurality of rubber bases 26 used for storage are attached to the opposite side surface. An opening for inserting the handrail is formed at the center of the lower end of the upper main body 10, and a plurality of shields 16 that are formed in a strip shape and have followability are disposed at the entrance and the exit, respectively.
[0014]
The X-ray generator in the lower body 11 has the circuit configuration shown in FIG. The charger 40 connected to the commercial power source is connected to the battery 32, the operation switch 41 and the relay coil 30 are connected in series with the battery 32, and the contact 31 that is closed and self-holds when the coil 30 is excited is operated. The switch 41 is connected in parallel. A timer 33 composed of a subtraction counter can set the time by a setting device 34. This timer 33 has a normally closed contact 33S built therein, and this normally closed contact 33S is instantly opened when the timer 23 finishes counting. To shut off the power circuit. The count value of the timer 33 can be sequentially displayed on the remaining time display 35. An excitation circuit 36 composed of an inverter switching circuit or the like, a semi-high voltage circuit 37 composed of a flyback transformer 18 and the like, and a high voltage generation circuit 38 composed of a voltage doubler adjustment circuit using a capacitor are connected in series to the battery 32 via a timer 33. Has been. A variable resistor 39 is connected between the cathode side of the X-ray tube 17 and the battery 32, and the solid angle of the X-ray 17X irradiated from the X-ray tube 17 is about 40 degrees.
[0015]
When the operation switch 41 is turned on, the coil 30 is excited and its contact 31 is closed and self-held. At the same time, the timer 33 operates to display the remaining time on the remaining time display 35 for a set time, for example, 120 to 180 seconds. In this state, the voltage of the battery 32 is applied to the excitation circuit 36 via the contact 31, the coil 30 and the contact 33 S of the timer 33, converted to alternating current, and 300 V is input to the semi-high voltage circuit 37. The voltage is boosted and converted to a DC high voltage of 30,000 V by the high voltage circuit 38, and this high voltage is applied to the anode of the X-ray tube 17, and 20 Kev soft X-rays 17 X are emitted from the X-ray tube 17. When the remaining time of the timer 33 becomes 0, the contact 33S is instantaneously opened, the coil 30 is demagnetized, the self-holding state is released, the contact 31 is opened, and voltage application to the X-ray generation unit is blocked and X The radiation of the line 17X is stopped. Further, a current breaker 19 is provided in the lower main body 11, and is configured such that when the upper main body 10 is opened or the coupling fitting 12 is released, the current breaker 19 is activated and the power supply circuit is immediately cut off. Yes. When the X-ray 17X is irradiated even after the set time has elapsed, the power can be shut off by an operation switch of the X-ray flaw detector 9 (not shown), or a detection circuit can be provided to notify the buzzer 32.
[0016]
The X-ray image receiving unit 14 configured in the upper main body 10 shown in FIG. 8 has an X-ray display unit 14A composed of a plate glass positioned on the X-ray tube 17 side and an X-ray display film applied thereon. The X-ray display unit 14A includes cesium iodide (CsI), zinc sulfide (ZnS) and platinum barium cyanide (Ba [Pt (CN) ₄ ], cesium iodide (CaI), zinc sulfide (ZnS). and consists tetroxide tungsten calcium (CaWO _4), these materials are formed is coated as a mixture of thin applied as a layer, or each material according to the material in the counter X-ray generator side of the glass sheet. the The X-ray light emitting section 14B is applied with a photomultiplier tube voltage of 30,000 V so as to obtain a clear image, and the outer peripheral portion of the X-ray image receiving section 14 is surrounded by the X-ray shielding cylinder 13 and the eyes. Direction The X-ray 17X from the X-ray tube 17 described with reference to Fig. 11 reaches the X-ray display unit 14A of the X-ray image receiving unit 14 and forms an X-ray display film. The X-rays are efficiently converted into fluorescence emission energy and thermal energy to form an image, and therefore, when the handrail 1 as an object to be inspected is arranged between the X-ray generation unit and the X-ray image receiving unit 14. Through this, an image is taken out and the embedded steel cord 1B can be observed in detail.
[0017]
Next, a handrail flaw detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
[0018]
First, step S1 detects the state of the steel cord 1B embedded in the handrail 1 using the handrail checker 6 as a first flaw detection process. The handrail 1 of the man conveyor is driven by the drive pulley 2 as shown in FIG. 4 and is moving in the same direction in synchronization with Step 3 so that the passenger riding on Step 3 does not fall down. As shown in FIG. 5 which is a cross-sectional view, the handrail 1 is configured by embedding a plurality of steel cords 1B in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 4, the handrail checker 6 is mounted on the handrail 1 of the man conveyor, and the handrail 1 is inspected during the operation of the man conveyor. When the steel cord 1B is damaged, as shown in step S2, the leakage magnetic flux is detected according to the principle of the handrail checker 6 described above, and an abnormal location is notified by a display or a buzzer. At this time, as shown in step S3, an abnormality corresponding portion of the handrail 1 is marked with a tape or the like, and an output waveform of the handrail checker 6 in the abnormality corresponding portion of the handrail 1 as shown in step S4, for example, FIG. When the waveform of the recording chart paper 8 shown in FIG. 5 is observed and it is determined that the peak exceeds a predetermined value and is abnormal, the process proceeds to step S5 and flaw detection is performed by the X-ray flaw detector 9 as a second flaw detection process. .
[0019]
This is performed based on step S5. As shown in FIG. 7, the handrail 1 in the lower horizontal portion is removed from the handrail guide 45, and the X-ray flaw detector 9 is installed on the exposed handrail guide 45. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the connecting metal fitting 12 that connects the upper main body 10 and the lower main body 11 is released, and the upper main body 10 is tilted counterclockwise around the hinge 24 to form a plurality of strips. While the handrail 1 is inserted between the upper main body 10 and the lower main body 11 so that the handrail 1 is disposed in the opening of the upper main body 10 in which the shielding body 16 is disposed, the upper main body 10 is returned by the connecting bracket 12. Combined with the lower body 11. Along with this work, as shown in step S6, the X-ray flaw detector 9 is installed so as to be able to travel along the handrail guide 45 by the holding device configured at the lower part of the lower main body 11. As shown in FIG. 10, the X-ray flaw detector 9 is arranged with the roller 19 positioned on the handrail guide 45, and the hand between the pair of engaging portions 22 </ b> A and 22 </ b> B is operated while operating the operating portion 21. The X-ray flaw detector 9 is supported with the rail guide 45 interposed therebetween. This pinching is such that the X-ray flaw detector 9 can travel along the handrail guide 45 while rolling the roller 19, and the handrail 1 at the position marked in step S <b> 3 enters the X-ray flaw detector 9. Select the position so that it is located. Further, if the pinching by the engaging portions 22A and 22B prevents the movement of the X-ray flaw detector 9, the operation portion 21 is operated to slightly loosen the space between the engaging portions 22A and 22B, and then the X-ray flaw detector 9 is moved. After that, the X-ray flaw detector 9 may be supported by operating the operating portion 21 again and sandwiching the handrail guide 45 between the pair of engaging portions 22A and 22B.
[0020]
In this state, power of the X-ray inspection apparatus 9, as shown in step S7, the steel cord of the X-ray flaw detector 9 while the eye view of the X-ray image receiving portion 14 from the top of the X-ray inspection device 9 handrail 1 Make fine adjustments to accommodate the 1B damage. If the positional relationship corresponds, a VTR or polaroid camera is attached to the X-ray flaw detector 9 as shown in step S9, and the X-ray image receiving unit 14 is imaged with this. At this time, unlike the handrail checker 6, the degree of damage to the steel cord 1B can be clearly seen by the X-ray flaw detector 9, so that it is possible to accurately determine whether the steel cord 1B should be replaced or in the future. Moreover, since the damage position is grasped by the handrail checker 6 in advance, the operation time of the X-ray flaw detector 9 can be shortened and it is extremely safe. Thereafter, the X-ray flaw detector 9 is turned off as shown in step S10, the X-ray flaw detector 9 is removed from the handrail guide 45 as shown in step S11, and the handrail 1 is moved to the handrail guide as shown in step S12. Attach to 45 to finish the work.
[0021]
The handrail flaw detection method described above includes a first flaw detection step of detecting a damage position by the handrail checker 6, a step of marking when there is a detection by the first flaw detection step, and detection of the marked position. Although the second flaw detection process is performed by the X-ray flaw detection apparatus 9, the handrail checker 6 used in the first flaw detection process is not limited to the above-described method, and may be performed by a means other than the X-ray flaw detection apparatus 9. it can.
[0022]
FIG. 12 shows an X-ray flaw detector 9 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The previous X-ray flaw detector 9 is configured so that the upper body 10 and the lower body 11 can be opened and closed by the connecting bracket 12 and the hinge 24, etc., but the upper body 10 and the lower body 11 are integrally formed in a U shape, An insertion portion of the handrail 1 is formed in a rectangular shape, and the periphery thereof is shielded as necessary by an X-ray shield 46 which is formed in a strip shape to give followability. Therefore, after the X-ray flaw detector 9 is supported on the handrail guide 45 by the support device, if the handrail 1 is inserted from the lateral direction of the insertion portion, the X-ray image receiving portion 14 can be inspected. Workability is better than form. Since other configurations in the upper main body 10 and the lower main body 11 are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to equivalent parts, and description thereof is omitted here.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the handrail flaw detection method according to the present invention detects the damage position of the flaw detection body by a method other than the X-ray flaw detection as the first flaw detection process, and when there is a detection by this first flaw detection process, Since the position is marked, and the vicinity of the marked position is removed from the handrail guide as a second flaw detection process , the X-ray flaw detector is supported by the exposed handrail guide, and the inside of the handrail is detected, By limiting the flaw detection by the X-ray flaw detector only to the abnormal part and reducing the operation time as much as possible, it is possible to perform highly accurate and efficient detection by the X-ray flaw detector.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a flowchart showing a testing method of the by Ruha Ndoreru to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a handle checker used in a first flaw detection process of the flaw detection method shown in FIG.
3 is a side sectional view of the handle checker shown in FIG. 2. FIG.
4 is a side view of a man conveyor showing a use state of the handle checker shown in FIG. 3. FIG.
5 is a sectional view of a handrail of the man conveyor shown in FIG. 4;
6 is a plan view of a recording chart sheet showing a flaw detection result by the handle checker shown in FIG. 3. FIG.
7 is a side view of a man conveyor showing a use state of an X-ray flaw detector used in a second flaw detection step of the flaw detection method shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a cross section of the upper part of the X-ray flaw detector shown in FIG.
9 is a side view of the X-ray flaw detector shown in FIG.
10 is a side view showing a state in the middle of attachment of the X-ray flaw detector shown in FIG.
11 is a circuit diagram showing an X-ray generator of the X-ray flaw detector shown in FIG.
12 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of an X-ray flaw detector used in the second flaw detection step of the flaw detection method shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Handrail 1B Steel cord 6 Handle checker 9 X-ray flaw detector 10 Upper body 11 Lower body 14 X-ray receiving part 17 X-ray tube

Claims (1)

In testing method of the handrail to detect damage in the implanted handrail steel cords therein, a first inspection step of performing an externally flaw in the handrail outside the X-ray flaw detection, the first flaw detection It consists of a step of marking a position where an abnormality is detected by the step and a second flaw detection step of flaw detection with the X-ray flaw detector, and the second flaw detection step is near the marked portion of the handrail. A method for flaw detection of a handrail, wherein the X-ray flaw detector is supported by the handrail guide exposed by the above, and the inside of the handrail is flawed.

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