JPH0988093A - Unit for building reinforced-concrete construction basement - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the quality of the reinforced concrete of a basement by oppositely arranging reinforcements to forms with a large number of holes while holding the mutual intervals between the forms and the reinforcements by a plurality of separators. SOLUTION: Reinforced assemblies 30, forms 32 with a large number of holes and latticed frame materials 34 welded to frames 36 are welded to a plurality of separators 38 penetrated to these assemblies, forms and frame materials and mutual intervals are held, and bottom units 12, 16 and wall units 14, 18 are formed. The bottom units 12, 16 are connected mutually through the ties 50, 78 of the units 12, 16 while being arranged onto the bottom section of a hole. The wall units 14, 18 are lowered, and joined mutually with the bottom units 12, 16 through ties 50, 52, 78. Concrete is placed into space formed by the forms 32, the upper forms 86 of the wall unit 18 and an assembly 97, etc., disposed to the wall units 14, 18 and cured, thus constructing a semi- underground type basement.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a reinforced concrete basement constructed from cast-in-place concrete.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to construct a basement made of cast-in-place concrete, a unit having a reinforcing bar assembly and an exterior plate made of mortar or concrete covering at least one surface of the reinforcing bar assembly has been used. See JP-A-6-41991).

A plurality of units are arranged along the wall surface of the hole to be released on the surface of the earth, and concrete is subsequently poured into the units. The exterior plate acts as a mold.

[0004]

By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional example, since the exterior plate which is the form is made of mortar or concrete, the condition of the concrete placed in the rebar assembly is determined. , It is not possible to visually check the driving conditions such as the driving position. Visual confirmation of concrete pouring conditions is important for improving the quality of reinforced concrete that defines basements exposed to moisture.

It is an object of the present invention to improve the quality of reinforced concrete in basements constructed by cast-in-place concrete.

[0006]

The present invention is a unit used in the construction of a reinforced concrete basement, comprising a plate-shaped formwork having a large number of holes, and a reinforcing bar arranged opposite to the formwork. , And a plurality of separators for holding the mutual interval of the form and the reinforcing bar (claim 1).

Further, the unit according to the present invention includes a bottom reinforcing bar, a wall reinforcing bar extending from the bottom reinforcing bar at a right angle thereto, and a mold having a large number of holes facing the wall reinforcing bar. It includes a plurality of separators for holding a mutual interval between the form frame and the reinforcing bars for walls (claim 2). The wall reinforcing bar and the formwork may be composed of two portions that are orthogonal to each other (claim 3).

Further, the unit according to the present invention includes a wall reinforcing bar, a wall frame having a large number of holes facing the wall reinforcing bar, and the wall reinforcing bar on the side opposite to the frame. An upper mold for the wall facing the upper part of the, the wall mold, a plurality of separators for holding the mutual interval of the wall upper mold and the wall rebar, and from the wall rebar orthogonal to this It includes an extending reinforcing bar for ceiling, a ceiling formwork arranged below the reinforcing bar for ceiling, and a plurality of separators for holding a space between the ceiling formwork and the reinforcing bar for ceiling (claim 4). The wall reinforcing bars and the wall form members may each be formed of two portions that are orthogonal to each other (claim 5). The ceiling formwork may be composed of a metal lath and mortar applied to the metal lath (claim 6).

Each unit includes a first frame fixed to the mold and extending along the edge of the mold relative to the mold, and fixed to the rebar and opposed to the rebar. A second frame extending along the edge of the reinforcing bar (claim 7). The opening of the first frame may be covered with a lattice-like member, and the second frame may be provided with braces that obliquely extend the opening (claim 8). The molds other than the ceiling mold can be a metal lath (claim 9).

[0010]

According to the invention described in claim 1, it is possible to install a plurality of units so that their reinforcing bars face the wall surface of the hole, and pour concrete into these units. Since the formwork of the unit has a large number of holes, it is possible to visually check the filling status of the casting concrete into the reinforcing bar, the casting status such as the filling amount, through the holes. Based on this confirmation, the placement situation can be adjusted to the best one, so that the reinforced concrete that constitutes the wall of the basement is of high quality, for example, it does not have defects due to insufficient compaction. be able to. Further, since a large number of holes in the form allow discharge of excess water in the cast concrete, reinforced concrete having high strength and waterproof performance can be obtained. further,
During the production of the unit, the separator can be inserted through the hole provided in the mold, and the rebar assembly can be seen through the hole, so that the proper arrangement of the separator and the separator It is possible to maintain a proper distance between the reinforcing bar and the form, and thus a highly accurate unit can be obtained. The high-precision unit greatly contributes to the quality improvement of reinforced concrete.

According to the invention of claim 2, further,
Since the unit has an integrated structure of bottom reinforcing bars and wall reinforcing bars, the joint arrangement and the centralized arrangement of joints required when connecting separate separated structures with joints It is possible to avoid the occurrence of structural weaknesses. Therefore, this can improve the quality of the reinforced concrete at the wall-floor connection. Moreover, since this unit can be manufactured in a factory, a more accurate unit can be obtained, which also contributes to the improvement of the quality of reinforced concrete. The unit made up of the two portions in which the wall reinforcing bars and the formwork are orthogonal to each other is suitable for installation in a corner portion of a basement having a rectangular cross section.

According to the invention of claim 4, claim 2
For the same reason as in the invention described in (1), it is possible to improve the quality of the reinforced concrete at the connection portion between the wall and the ceiling, and it is possible to manufacture a precise unit by the improved production. The upper formwork for walls serves as a formwork of concrete that is cast to form a wall portion protruding from the hole to the ground when constructing a so-called semi-underground basement. The unit made up of the two portions in which the wall reinforcing bars and the wall formwork are orthogonal to each other is suitable for installation in a corner portion of a basement having a rectangular cross-sectional shape. Further, by configuring the ceiling formwork with a metal lath and mortar applied to the metal lath,
It is possible to prevent dropping of excess water of concrete cast on the ceiling reinforcing bars and deterioration of the work environment due to this.

According to the invention as set forth in claim 7, both opposing surfaces of the unit are edged by the first and second frames, and both frames substantially define the outer shape of the unit. Regardless of whether or not the frame has a manufacturing error, the accuracy of the outer dimensions of the units is high, so that the units can be easily and efficiently assembled together. Since the units can be connected to each other by connecting the frames to each other using bolts or clips, it is easier than connecting the reinforcing bars to each other.

By covering the opening of the first frame with the lattice-like member, the expansion of the mold due to the reinforcement of the mold, that is, the concrete pouring is restricted without blocking the holes of the mold. be able to. Further, the rigidity of the unit can be enhanced by providing the second frame with a brace that obliquely extends the opening. If the formwork is a metal lath, it is easy to bind the formwork to the reinforcing bar, and the number of separators used can be reduced. Furthermore, the visual confirmation of the concrete pouring condition can be performed clearly and widely.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Referring to FIG. 1, a framework for constructing a reinforced concrete basement, which is called a semi-underground type basement, a part of which is underground and another part of which is above ground, is shown. A part of the formed structure is shown by reference numeral 10. The structure 10 is assembled inside a hole 11 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape that opens to the surface.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, the structure 10
Is a rebar assembly consisting of a pair of rebars (double rebars) facing each other, or a plurality of units including rebars (single bar, not shown) consisting of only one of the rebars, That is, four bottom panel units 12 arranged at the four corners of a rectangle when viewed in a plane, wall units 14 arranged on each bottom panel unit, and six other bottom panel units arranged along the four sides of the rectangle. 16 and each bottom unit 1
6 and another wall unit 18 arranged on the upper part 6 (see FIG. 2).

The bottom panel unit and the wall unit, which are vertically adjacent to each other, are connected to each other via a joint bar, which will be described later. Connected via muscle. The upper part of the wall unit 14, 18 has a hole 11
Protruding from the ground. It should be noted that the arrows in the lateral direction between the units shown in FIG. 7 indicate the other party to be connected, and do not indicate the moving direction for the connection.

The bottom unit 12 arranged at the four corners of the rectangle has a portion (horizontal portion) that extends relative to a portion of the bottom portion of the hole 11 (horizontal portion) and a portion of both wall portions of the hole 11 orthogonal to each other. ), And the bottom plate unit 16 arranged along the four sides of the rectangle extends in relation to a part (horizontal part) of the bottom of the hole 11 and a part of the wall part orthogonal to the bottom part. (Vertical part). Therefore, a plurality of bottom board units 12, 1
6 is a space 1 having a rectangular planar shape at the center of the bottom of the hole
9 is defined (see FIG. 1).

The wall units 14 arranged at the four corners of the rectangle form a part (vertical part) of the hole 11 that extends opposite to a part of both wall parts of the hole 11 and a part of the ceiling of the basement. The wall unit 18 arranged along the four sides of the rectangle has a portion (horizontal portion) to be formed, and a portion (vertical portion) extending relative to a part of the wall of the hole 11 and one of the ceiling. And a part forming a part (horizontal part). Therefore, the wall units 14 and 16 define a space 20 on the ground, which has a rectangular planar shape surrounded by a portion forming a part of the ceiling.

The structure 10 further comprises a rebar assembly 21 consisting of a pair of upper and lower rebars facing each other arranged in a space 19 on the bottom of the hole 11 or a rebar consisting of only one of the rebars. (Not shown) and a reinforcing bar assembly 22 composed of a pair of upper and lower reinforcing bars arranged in the space 20 above the ground or a reinforcing bar (not shown) composed of only one of the pair of reinforcing bars. Including. The lower rebar assembly 21 is
The upper and lower reinforcing bar assemblies 22 are connected to the horizontal portions of the respective bottom board units 16 around them through a pair of upper and lower joint bars 24, and the upper reinforcing bar assembly 22 is connected through a pair of upper and lower joint bars 26 to the surroundings. It is connected to the horizontal part of the wall unit 18. The joint muscle 2
4, 26 and other joint muscles to be described later can also be configured by only one of the pair of members instead of being a pair of members facing each other.

Each of the reinforcing bars and each of the joint bars constituting the reinforcing bar assembly is composed of a combination of rod-shaped single reinforcing bars or a wire mesh as in the illustrated example. By using the wire mesh, the overlapping length of the reinforcing bar assembly and the joint bar, that is, the joint length, can be shortened as compared with the case of combining the single reinforcing bars.

As shown in FIGS. 3-8, the unit is basically a rebar assembly 30 comprising a pair of rebars 28 spaced apart and facing each other, and spaced apart from the rebar assembly 30. A pair of molds 32 having a large number of holes, which face each other with the rebar assembly sandwiched therebetween, a pair of grid-like members 34, which face each other with both molds sandwiched therebetween, and both grids. A plurality of rectangular frames 36, each of which faces the grid member and extends along the edge of the grid member with the member 34 interposed therebetween. However, as will be described later, the unit can omit or change a part of members constituting the unit, if necessary.

Each lattice-shaped member 34 of the unit is welded to each frame 36, and each form 32 is fixed to each lattice-shaped member 34 by a binding wire, and each of them covers the opening of each frame 36. Rebar assembly 30, each form 32,
The grid-shaped member 34 is welded to a plurality of separators 38 (see FIG. 8) penetrating the grid-shaped members 34, and the gaps between them are maintained. The separator 38 is fixed to the brace 48 when one of the lattice members 34 is omitted, which will be described later. The lattice-shaped member 34 and the frame 36 welded to the lattice-shaped member have a reinforcing action of preventing the mold 32 from bulging due to the pouring of concrete between the both molds 32. Both the frames 36 facing each other have a narrow connecting plate 40 (see FIG. 8).
(Refer to FIG. 4), they are connected to each other and are spaced from each other.
The formwork 32 is buried in concrete.

Since the frame 36 substantially defines the outer shape of the unit, the unit has high dimensional accuracy even if the reinforcing bar assembly 30, the form 32 or the lattice member 34 is misaligned due to manufacturing errors or the like. Have. Frame 3
6 also provides a good abutment surface for the units to each other, which facilitates the connection work between the units. The illustrated frame is formed by joining a plurality of angle steel pieces to each other. The frame 36, however, can be omitted in its arrangement.

By making the form 32 to have a large number of holes, it is possible to confirm the degree of filling of the poured concrete in the rebar assembly through the holes, and based on this confirmation, the quality of the reinforced concrete can be confirmed. Can manage. Since the grid-like member 34, which is a reinforcing member of the mold 32, has a large number of large openings, it does not interfere with the confirmation work through the holes of the mold 32. Further, since the large number of holes allow the excess water of the cast concrete to be discharged, reinforced concrete having high strength and waterproofness can be obtained. The illustrated form 32 is made of a metal lath.

The bottom unit 12 of the corner section has a horizontal section 40 defining a part of the bottom board, and a vertical section 42 having a relatively small length and extending upward from the horizontal section 40 at a right angle thereto. The horizontal portion 40 has a generally rectangular planar shape, and the vertical portion 42 is composed of two mutually orthogonal portions 44 and 46 which stand upright from two sides of the adjacent rectangles of the horizontal portion 40.

The two parts 44, 46 of the horizontal part 40 and the vertical part 42 each have a reinforcing bar assembly 30. A part of the reinforcing bar assembly (reinforcing bar assembly for the bottom plate) of the horizontal portion 40,
A part of the rebar assembly (wall rebar assembly) of the one portion 44 of the vertical portion is made of a rebar common to these. Further, a part of the reinforcing bar assembly of the horizontal part 40 and the other part 4 of the vertical part 4
Part of the reinforcing bar assembly 6 (reinforcing bar assembly for walls) consists of a reinforcing bar common to these. Therefore, the horizontal portion 40 and the vertical portion 42 have an integral structure. Further, a part of the rebar assembly of both parts 44 and 46 of the vertical portion 42 is made of a common rebar. For this reason, both parts 44 and 46 have an integral structure. By forming the plurality of reinforcing bar assemblies 30 at the corners into an integral structure, when the reinforcing bar assemblies having the separated structure are connected by the joint bars, the concentrated arrangement of the joint bars and the occurrence of structural weaknesses associated therewith are avoided. be able to.

In the bottom plate unit 12, the arrangement of the mold on the horizontal portion 40 is omitted. This is because the horizontal portion 40 can be filled with concrete by placing concrete on the bottom of the hole 11, so that the mold can be eliminated. Further, instead of the illustrated example, the pair of lattice-shaped members 3 provided on the horizontal portion 40.
4 may be omitted, and instead of the grid-like member 34, a pair of braces (not shown) extending diagonally of the opening may be fixed to each frame 36. The brace does not hinder the flow of the poured concrete. Further, the brace serves to increase the rigidity of the frame 36, and hence the bottom plate unit 12.

Further, in the bottom plate unit 12, the disposition of one of the two molds on each of the portions 44 and 46 of the vertical portion 42 is omitted. More specifically, the mold is not arranged on the side (outside) facing the wall surface of the hole 11,
The mold 32 is arranged only on the center side (inner side) of the hole 11. This is because the wall surface of the hole 11 functions as a mold. Further, in the illustrated example, the lattice members are not arranged outside the respective portions 44 and 46 of the vertical portion 42. This is because it is not necessary to suppress the bulging of the mold.
Instead of the grid-like member, a pair of braces 48 (Fig.) Are welded to the outer frame 36 of each of the portions 44 and 46 as in the horizontal portion.

A pair of joint bars 50 and 52 facing each other are attached to both portions 44 and 46 of the vertical portion 42, respectively. One of the joint bars 50 is fixed to the reinforcing bar assembly 30 of the portion 44 and overlaps the reinforcing bar assembly at the lower part thereof, and the upper parts of the two joint bars 50 are upward from the upper parts of the inner and outer frames 36. It is protruding. Further, both joint bars 50 partially project laterally from the side portions of both frames 36. As described above, the both joint muscles 50 and the both joint muscles 52 can also each be a single joint muscle.

The other two joint bars 52 are fixed to and overlap the reinforcing bar assembly 30 of the portion 46 at their lower portions, and their upper portions project upward from the upper portions of both frames 36 of the portion 46. . Unlike the joint bar 50, the joint bar 52 does not protrude from the side portions of both frames, and a space, that is, a space 54 (FIG. 7) is provided between the joint bar 52 and the side portions of both frames 36. There is. Since the space 54 is open to the upper side and the lateral side, it is possible to receive a part of the post-described joint streak 78 of the other bottom plate unit 16 to be lowered.

Next, the wall unit 14 at the corner portion defines a part of the wall of the basement and includes a relatively long vertical portion 56 including a reinforcing bar assembly (reinforcing bar assembly for wall) 30 and the vertical part 5.
6 and a horizontal portion 58 including a reinforcing bar assembly (ceiling reinforcing bar assembly) 30 extending inwardly from the top of the reinforcing member 6 at a right angle thereto. The vertical part 56 and the horizontal part 58 are respectively the vertical part 42 of the bottom unit 12 of the corner part, except for the following points.
And has substantially the same structure as the horizontal portion 40.

The first point of difference in structure is that a formwork (upper formwork (second formwork), not shown) is arranged outside the upper parts of two portions 60 and 62 of the vertical portion 56 which are orthogonal to each other. That is, the upper mold is coated with a mortar, preferably a mortar 64 (FIGS. 3 and 4) having a heat insulating property, and a part of the frame 36 is covered with the mortar 64.
The mortar 64 can be applied either when the unit is manufactured or when it is assembled on site. The part to which the mortar 64 is applied is a part protruding above the ground, and forms the wall surface of the aboveground part of the basement. The upper mold frame is partitioned by a plurality of chevron-shaped steel material pieces 65 fixed to each frame 36 and extending in the lateral direction.

The second point is that both parts 60, 6 of the vertical part 56 are
2 has spaces 66 and 68 at their lower portions for receiving the upper portions of the joint bars 50 and 52 protruding from both portions 44 and 46 of the vertical portion of the bottom plate unit 12, respectively. Since the spaces 66 and 68 are open downward and sideways, when the wall unit 14 is lowered toward the bottom unit 12, the joint bars 50 and 52 can be inserted.

The third point is that both joint muscles 70 facing each other are provided.
Is partly fixed to the reinforcing bar assembly 30 of one part 60 of the vertical portion 56, overlaps with the reinforcing bar assembly 30, and the remaining part projects laterally from between both frames 36 of the part 60. That is. The joint line 70 extends in the vertical direction, leaving a space 66 below.

The fourth point is that the frame 32 is supported by the frame 36 below the horizontal portion 58, and the mortar from the lower surface of the frame 32 is preferably mortar, preferably mortar 72 having a heat insulating property.
(See FIGS. 3, 4, and 10) is painted. The mortar layer 72 enhances the rigidity of the mold, and simplifies the support work installed when the concrete is poured onto the mold. In addition, it is possible to prevent the surplus water of the concrete poured into the horizontal portion 58 from dropping and the accompanying deterioration of the working environment of the underground space. As the mortar 64 and the mortar 72, the below-mentioned paper mortar (trademark) can be used. Further, a pair of braces 48 is attached to the frame 36 above the horizontal portion 58, instead of the lattice-like member.

Next, the other bottom panel unit 16 includes a horizontal portion 74 having a bottom reinforcing bar assembly 30 defining a part of the bottom panel of the basement, and a wall reinforcing bar extending upward from the horizontal portion 74 at a right angle thereto. A vertical portion 76 having the assembly 30.

The bottom unit 16 consists of a single vertical part 76, in which respect the two parts 44, 46 are
The structure is different from that of the bottom panel unit 12 having a corner. The horizontal portion 74 and the vertical portion 76 of the bottom unit 16
Has an integral structure as in the bottom unit 12.

A pair of joint bars 78 facing each other are attached to the vertical portion 76 of the bottom unit 16. The joint bars 78 are fixed to the reinforcing bar assembly 30 of the vertical portion 76 and overlap the reinforcing bar assembly at their lower portions, and the upper parts of the joint bars 78 project upward from the upper parts of the inner and outer frames 36. ing. Furthermore, both joint muscles 78
One of these lateral ends projects laterally from one side of both frames 36, and the other ends of both joint bars 76 are spaced from the other side of frame 36 toward the one side. It is located in the place where it was put. As a result, the vertical portion 76
Has a space 80 between its two frames 36 on the other side which opens upwards and laterally. The space 80 is a portion that protrudes in the lateral direction of the joint streak 50 of the bottom plate unit 12 of the corner portion that is previously arranged when the bottom plate unit 16 is lowered into the hole 11 for the arrangement, or is arranged first. It is possible to receive the laterally projecting portion of the joint bar 78 of the other bottom plate unit 16 (FIG. 9 showing the arrangement state).
reference).

Next, the other wall unit 18 has a relatively long vertical portion 82 having a wall rebar assembly 30 defining a portion of the wall and extending inwardly from the vertical portion 82 at a right angle thereto. And a horizontal portion 84 having the ceiling reinforcing bar assembly 30.

The wall unit 18 is made up of a single vertical part 82 rather than two parts, as in the other bottom plate units 16. This is different from the structure of the wall unit 14 at the corner. The vertical portion 82 and the horizontal portion 84 of the wall unit 18 also have an integral structure.

As shown in FIG. 8, the wall unit 18 includes
Like the wall unit 14 at the corner portion, the upper portion of the frame 36 outside the vertical portion 82 is partitioned by the chevron-shaped steel material piece 65, and a mold (upper mold) 86 made of metal lath is provided on the upper portion.
The grid-shaped member 34 is attached, and the mortar 64 is applied to the upper mold 86. The upper frame 86, the grid-like member 34 on the outside thereof, a part of the frame 36 surrounding the upper frame 86, and the chevron-shaped steel piece 65 are covered with a layer of mortar 64. This upper mortar layer, together with the upper portion of the wall unit 14 at the corner, defines the outer wall surface of the basement on the ground.

Further, as in the case of the wall unit 14 at the corner portion, the mold 32 is attached to the frame 36 below the horizontal portion 84.
Mortar 7 is supported by the mold 32 from its lower surface.
2 (see FIGS. 3 to 6 and FIG. 10). The layer of mortar 72 prevents the surplus water of concrete poured into the horizontal portion 84 from dropping off. Similarly, a pair of braces 48 are attached to the upper frame 36 instead of the lattice-like members (FIG. 8).

The wall unit 18 has a set of joint ribs 86 similar to the joint ribs 70 of the wall unit 14 at the corner portion. Both joint muscles 86, in a part thereof,
The vertical portion 82 is fixed to the reinforcing bar assembly 30, overlaps with the reinforcing bar assembly 30, and the remaining part of the vertical part 82 projects laterally from one side portion of both frames 36. Both joint streaks 86 extend in the vertical direction, leaving a space 88 at the bottom of the wall unit 18 for releasing downward and laterally. The space 88 is the wall unit 1
When lowering 8 toward the bottom plate unit 16 previously arranged, the joint bar 7 protruding upward from the bottom plate unit 16
Accept eight.

Further, the other side portion of the wall unit 18, that is, the side portion where the joint streak 86 is not provided has a space 90 (see FIG. 8) which is opened downward and laterally. When the wall unit 18 is lowered, this space receives the joint bar 70 of the wall unit 14 at the corner that was previously arranged or the joint bar 86 of the other wall unit 18 that was previously arranged.

Placed in hole 11 and assembled,
Units adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and the lateral direction can be connected to each other by using a plurality of connecting plates 92 (FIG. 1) and a bolt-nut assembly (not shown).

By the way, the structure 10 can be used for constructing an all-underground type underground room in which all of the structure 10 is buried underground. In this case, since the wall surface of the hole 11 can be used as a mold, the upper molds (second molds) of the wall units 14 and 18 can be omitted, and the wall units 14 and 18 can be painted on. The layer of mortar 64 provided can be dispensed with. Also, the wall units 14, 18 may not have horizontal portions 58, 54, respectively, which may be used to construct a basement without a ceiling.

Next, the reinforcing bar assembly 22 arranged in the space 20 surrounded by the plurality of wall units 18 is arranged on one side of the reinforcing bar 94 of the reinforcing bar assembly 22 and below the reinforcing bar assembly 22 in consideration of the convenience of the arrangement work. An assembly 97, which includes a formwork 96 (FIG. 7) similar to the formwork 32 and preferably a layer of mortar 72 (FIG. 10) applied to the formwork 96 from below, and It is separated into rebar 98. The layer of mortar 72 corresponds to the mortar 7 in the wall units 14 and 18.
Similar to the second layer, the rigidity of the formwork is increased and excess water is prevented from dripping from the cast concrete.

More preferably, the assembly 97 is arranged below the formwork 96 and is similar to the grid-like member 34, and the grid-like member 100 is arranged below the grid-like member 100 and faces the grid-like member. And a frame 102 extending along the edge of the lattice member. The grid-like member 100 is welded to the frame 102 at the edge thereof, and the formwork 96 is fixed to the grid-like member 100 by a binding line. Further, one of the reinforcing bars 94 is connected to the mold 96 via a separator (not shown).
Are spaced above. Providing the frame 102 allows the assembly 97 to be accurately positioned to align with the opening 20. The other reinforcing bar 98 is arranged at a distance above the assembly 97 after the assembly 97 is arranged and before the concrete is poured. In addition,
The assembly 97 and the reinforcing bar 98 may be divided into two for easy handling.

Next, referring to FIGS. 11 to 18, FIGS.
A method of constructing a basement using the units 12 to 18, the rebar assembly 21, the assembly 97 and the like shown in FIG. 10 will be described.

First, a hole 11 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape to be released is formed on the surface of the earth. Reference numerals 110 and 112 shown in FIG. 11 represent a main pile and a retaining wall used for excavating the hole 11, respectively. Reference numeral 11
Reference numerals 4 and 116 respectively indicate a rubble stone and a waste concrete which are sequentially laid on the bottom of the hole 11.

Next, a plurality of bottom units 12, 16 are sequentially lowered onto the bottom of the hole 11 along the wall surface of the hole (FIG. 1).
1). The plurality of bottom panel units 12 and 16 are arranged clockwise or counterclockwise along the four sides of the rectangle. For example, after arranging the bottom plate unit 12 in the corner portion, the bottom plate unit 16 on the right side in FIG. 7 is lowered. At this time, the left end portion of the joint streak 78 of the bottom plate unit 16 is received in the space 54 of the bottom plate unit 12 previously arranged, and is arranged on the right side of the bottom plate unit 12.

After arranging all the bottom board units 12 and 16, from the space 19 surrounded by the horizontal portions 40 and 74 of the bottom board unit, joint bars, preferably a pair of upper and lower joint bars 117 (FIG. 7) facing each other. (Refer to FIG. 3) are inserted into the horizontal portions of the two bottom panel units adjacent to each other. As a result, the joint muscle 11
7 overlaps with the reinforcing bar assemblies of the both horizontal parts, and joints are interposed between the two bottom panel units adjacent to each other.

Alternatively, the joint bars 117 are previously arranged in the horizontal portions of either one of the two bottom board units adjacent to each other, and after all the bottom board units or the both bottom board units adjacent to each other are arranged, the joint bars 117 are arranged. Can be moved so that a part thereof can be arranged in the horizontal part of the other one of the adjacent baseboard units. Since the lattice 34 having a large opening is arranged above the rebar assembly 30, the rebar assembly 30
The joint muscle 117 can be easily moved by inserting a hand inside.

By lowering the bottom plate units 12 and 16 in the hole 11, the bottom plate units 12 and 16 are connected to each other through their joints 50 and 78 to connect their vertical parts to each other.
Further, the horizontal portions can be connected to each other via the joint bar 117 and arranged at the bottom of the hole 11.

After arranging all the bottom panel units 12 and 16, one rebar 118 and the other rebar 120 of the rebar assembly 21 are placed in the space 19 surrounded by the bottom panel units 12 and 16.
Are sequentially arranged so as to be stacked (FIG. 12).

Before or after arranging one of the reinforcing bars 118, the joint bars, that is, a pair of upper and lower joint bars 24 in the illustrated example, are inserted from the space 19 into the horizontal portions 40 and 74 of each bottom plate unit.
Preferably, these are inserted between both reinforcing bars of the reinforcing bar assembly 30 inside.

After that, the horizontal parts 40 and 74 of the bottom unit are
Concrete 124 is cast on the upper side and on the reinforcing bar assembly 21, and these are embedded in the concrete 124 (see FIG. 1).
3).

After the concrete 124 is hardened, the plurality of wall units 1 are turned toward the corresponding bottom panel units 12 and 16.
4, 18 are sequentially lowered (FIG. 14). Wall unit 1
The descending order of 4, 18 is set, for example, clockwise or counterclockwise. At this time, the corner wall unit 12
The spaces 66, 68 of the vertical portion 56 have the joint bars 50, 52 and the joint bars 78 of the bottom unit 12 at the corner.
Each of the other wall units 18
The space 88 of the vertical portion 82 is a part of the joint bar 50 of the bottom plate unit 12 and the joint bar 7 of the other bottom plate unit 16.
Accept part of 8. As a result, the joint muscles 50, 52,
The protruding top end of 78 overlaps the vertical section fitting assembly of the wall unit.

Furthermore, for example, during the lowering of the wall unit 18, the space 90 on the side of the vertical portion of the wall unit 18 causes the protrusion of the joint bar 70, 86 of the previously lowered wall unit 14, 18 from the upper end thereof. Accept up to the bottom one by one. As a result, some of the joint bars 70 and 86 overlap the reinforcing bar assembly 30 in the vertical portion of the wall unit 18.

After arranging all the wall units 14 and 18, from the space 20 surrounded by the horizontal portions 58 and 84 of the wall units, a joint bar, preferably a pair of upper and lower joint bars 126.
(See FIGS. 3, 4, and 7) are inserted into the horizontal portions of the two wall units adjacent to each other. As a result, the joint muscle 126
Overlap with the reinforcing bar assemblies of both horizontal parts.

Instead of this, the joint bar 126 is previously attached to the horizontal portion 58 or 84 of one of the wall units adjacent to each other.
After arranging all the wall units or both wall units facing each other, the joint bar 126 may be moved and a part thereof may be arranged in the horizontal portion of the other adjacent wall unit. Since the brace 48 is arranged above the reinforcing bar assembly 30, a hand can be inserted into the reinforcing bar assembly 30 through the brace 48 to easily move the joint bar 126.

After that, the horizontal portions 58 of the plurality of wall units,
The assembly 97 is placed in the space 20 surrounded by 84 (FIG. 15). The assembly 97 is connected to the horizontal portions 58 and 84 using a connecting plate 92 and a bolt and nut assembly. Then, from the space 20, a part of the joint bar, preferably a pair of upper and lower joint bars 26, is inserted into the horizontal portion of each wall unit. Then, the ceiling rebar 98 is placed on the assembly 97. In this way, the structure 10 is assembled (FIG. 16) (however, the bottom plate is constructed first).

Next, in order to support the ceiling of the structure 10 and maintain the space between the side portions, the support structure 128 is arranged inside the structure 10 (FIG. 17). An entrance (not shown) is provided in advance in a part of the ceiling in order to install the supporting structure 128.

After that, the wall surface of the hole 11 (crest wall 112)
And between the vertical part formwork (first formwork) 32 of the bottom panel units 12 and 14 and the vertical part formwork (first formwork) 32 of the wall units 14 and 18, and the wall unit 14, Between the vertical formwork (first formwork) 32 of 18 and the upper formwork (second formwork) 86, on the horizontal parts of the wall units 14 and 18, and on the assembly 97 concrete 130. To place. As a result, a semi-underground type basement 132 is constructed.

By placing concrete 130 between the wall surface of the hole 11 and the form of the vertical portion of the bottom unit and the vertical portion of the wall unit, the concrete between the wall surface of the hole 11 and the vertical portion is formed. Backfilling can be eliminated.

After hardening of the concrete 130, the basement 13
A mortar layer 136 is formed by applying mortar having a heat insulating property to the inner wall surface 134 of No. 2. As a result, the uneven surface defined by the concrete 130 protruding from the metal lath 32 can be made flat, and dew condensation that is likely to occur due to the high airtightness of the basement can be prevented. In addition, by applying a waterproof coating to the mortar layer 136, it is possible to impart good waterproofness to the basement 132 where groundwater is likely to enter.

As the mortar, it is possible to use a mixture of water, such as newspaper, magazine, and corrugated board, which easily contains water, a modified acrylic resin emulsion, and cement. This mortar is manufactured by Highwood System Co., Ltd. under the trade name of paper mortar.

The mortar layer composed of the paper mortar has a heat insulating property and a small shrinkage ratio. Therefore, cracks hardly occur, and it is excellent as a base of a waterproof coating. Further, the paper mortar has excellent adhesion to hardened concrete. Furthermore, it has elasticity and high impact resistance. Furthermore, it is excellent in soundproofing and heat resistance.

When forming a basement having a hole in the ceiling, the installation of the assembly 97 and the reinforcing bar 98 for the ceiling is omitted. In this case, after the wall unit is installed, the wall surface of the hole 11 and the first formwork 32 of the vertical portion of the bottom unit 12, 14 are installed.
And the first formwork 32 of the vertical part of the wall units 14, 18
And between the first formwork 32 and the upper formwork (second formwork) 86 in the vertical portion of the wall units 14 and 18 are poured.

When forming a basement without a ceiling, a wall unit having no horizontal portions 58 and 84, that is, a wall unit having only a vertical portion is used, and installation of the assembly 97 and the ceiling reinforcing bar 98 is omitted. To do. In this case, after arranging the wall unit of only the vertical portion, the wall surface of the hole 11 and the first formwork 32 of the vertical portion of the bottom unit 12, 14 are arranged.
And the first formwork 32 of the vertical part of the wall units 14 and 18, and the first formwork 3 of the vertical part of the wall units 14 and 18.
Concrete is poured between 2 and the upper formwork (second formwork) 86.

Further, when constructing an all-underground system basement, in the step shown in FIG. 14, the upper formwork (second
Use a wall unit that does not have a formwork). However, the hole is provided so that it can be accommodated over the entire height of such a wall unit and has a height dimension. After arranging the wall unit without the second formwork on each of the bottom panel units 12 and 16, concrete is placed between the first formwork of the wall unit and the wall surface of the hole.

Next, another construction method of the basement will be described with reference to FIGS.

Instead of arranging the bottom plate units 12 and 16, at each corner of the hole 11, a rectangular base plate and two vertical parts extending upward from two adjacent sides of the bottom plate are connected to each other. Is arranged, and one or a plurality of wire meshes 138 having a rectangular bottom plate and a vertical part extending upward from one side of the bottom plate are arranged between the wire meshes. As a result, both wire meshes 136 and 138 are arranged at the bottom of the hole 11, leaving a space 140 at the center of the hole 11 (FIG. 19).

After that, the wall units 142 and 144 are erected on the wire meshes 136 and 138. Wall unit 1
42 and 144 have the same structure as the above-mentioned wall units 14 and 18 from which the horizontal portions 58 and 84 are removed, that is, the vertical portions 56 and 82 of the wall units 14 and 18. At this time, the bottom portions of the wall units 142 and 144 receive the vertical portions of the wire meshes 136 and 138 (FIG. 20).

Next, a reinforcing bar 146 consisting of a pair of upper and lower wire meshes is placed in the space 140. Lower rebar 146
After arranging, the joint bar 148 consisting of a pair of upper and lower wire meshes is arranged with respect to the reinforcing bar 146 and each wire mesh 138 (FIG. 21).

Then, concrete 150 is cast on the horizontal portions of the wire meshes 136 and 138 and on the reinforcing bars 146 to form a bottom plate (FIG. 22).

Next, the assembly 152 having the same structure as the assembly 97 is horizontally attached to the tops of the wall units 1142 and 144, leaving the space 151. Then, an assembly 154 similar to assembly 97 is installed in space 1
51 and connects it to each assembly 152 around it (FIG. 23).

Then, a reinforcing bar 156 made of wire mesh is placed on both the assemblies 152 and 154 (FIG. 24).

Thereafter, in the same manner as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, by pouring concrete onto both assemblies 152 and 154, concrete is placed on each wall unit and both assemblies. This will build a basement.

Instead of the illustrated example, both the assemblies 15 without the concrete 150 shown in FIG.
After assembly of 2, 154 and rebar 156 both assemblies 1
Concrete may be poured onto 52 and 154. According to this, on the horizontal portion of the wire mesh 136, 138 and on the reinforcing bar 146, between the wall surface of the hole 11 and each wall unit, the upper portion of the wall unit, and the assemblies 152, 15
Concrete can be placed on the 4 at a time.

The work shown in FIG. 20 is performed by the wall unit 142,
As 144, each can be performed with separate outer portion 156 and inner portion 158. That is, after the outer portion 156 is built, the inner portion 158 is built, and then both the portions 156 and 158 are built.
Are interconnected. Before this interconnection, both parts 156,
Place a plastic sheet (not shown) between 158. According to this, when the concrete cast on both assemblies 152, 154 hardens, the inner part 158
Since it is insulated from the concrete by the plastic sheet, it can be removed and diverted.

When forming a basement without a ceiling, the step shown in FIG. 23 is omitted, and after the step shown in FIG. 22 is completed, the wall surface of the hole 11 and the vertical portions of the bottom units 12 and 14 are formed. Between the first formwork 32 of the first unit 32 and the vertical part of the wall units 14 and 18, and between the first formwork 32 of the vertical part of the wall units 14 and 18 and the upper formwork (second formwork). ) And concrete is placed between and.

Further, when constructing an all-underground system basement, in the step shown in FIG. 20, the upper formwork (second
Use a wall unit that does not have a formwork). However, the hole is provided so that it can be accommodated over the entire height of such a wall unit and has a height dimension. Wall units not having the upper mold (second mold) are replaced by bottom units 136, 1
After placing on the wall 38, concrete is placed between the first formwork of the wall unit and the wall surface of the hole.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a structure.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a structure.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2;

4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG.

5 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG.

6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing the connection relationship of each unit.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an outer side surface of the wall unit.

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing a state where a bottom board unit is assembled.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the vicinity of the ceiling inside the structure.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a step of disposing the bottom plate unit in the hole.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a step of arranging bottom reinforcing bars in the holes.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a step of placing concrete for forming a bottom plate.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a step of building a wall unit in a hole.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a process of arranging an assembly for a ceiling.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a step of arranging ceiling reinforcing bars.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a step of arranging support work.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a step of placing concrete on a ceiling portion and a side wall portion.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a step of arranging a bottom plate wire mesh in a hole.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a step of building the wall unit in the hole.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a step of disposing a bottom reinforcing bar in a hole.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a step of placing concrete on the bottom reinforcing bar.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a step of disposing a ceiling assembly.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a step of arranging ceiling reinforcing bars.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 structure 11 hole 12,16 bottom unit 14,18 wall unit 19,20 space surrounded by unit 24,26,50,52,78,117,126 joint bar 30 rebar assembly 32,86 formwork and upper formwork (Second formwork) 34 Lattice member 36 Frame 40, 58, 74, 84 Horizontal part 42, 56, 76, 82 Vertical part 54, 66, 68, 80, 88, 90 Space for receiving joint bar 124 Concrete 136 Mortar layer

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hiroo Toho Room 5-14-4 Chuo 5-chome, Nakano-ku, Tokyo Monteverde Shin-Nakano Room 214

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A unit used for constructing a reinforced concrete basement, which is a plate-shaped formwork having a large number of holes, a reinforcing bar arranged to face the formwork, and the formwork and the reinforcing bar. A unit that includes a plurality of separators that maintain a mutual spacing. 2. A unit used for constructing a reinforced concrete basement, comprising a bottom reinforcing bar, a wall reinforcing bar extending orthogonally from the bottom reinforcing bar, and a plurality of holes facing the wall reinforcing bar. And a plurality of separators for holding the mutual intervals of the mold and the reinforcing bars for walls. 3. The unit according to claim 2, wherein the wall reinforcing bar and the formwork are each composed of two portions that are orthogonal to each other. 4. A unit used for constructing a reinforced concrete basement, comprising a wall reinforcing bar, a wall form having a large number of holes facing the wall reinforcing bar, and a side opposite to the form. There is a wall upper mold that faces the top of the wall reinforcing bar, the wall mold, a plurality of separators for holding the mutual intervals of the wall upper mold and the wall reinforcing bar, and the wall reinforcing bar A ceiling rebar extending orthogonally from the ceiling rebar, a ceiling formwork disposed below the ceiling rebar, and a plurality of separators for maintaining a mutual interval between the ceiling formwork and the ceiling rebar ,unit. 5. The unit according to claim 4, wherein the wall reinforcing bar and the wall formwork each include two portions that are orthogonal to each other. 6. The ceiling formwork comprises a metal lath and a mortar applied to the metal lath.
Or the unit described in 5. 7. A first frame fixed to the mold and extending along an edge portion of the mold relative to the mold,
A second frame fixed to the rebar and extending along an edge of the rebar relative to the rebar, the unit according to claim 1. 8. The unit according to claim 7, wherein the opening of the first frame is covered with a lattice-like member, and the second frame is provided with a brace that extends obliquely through the opening. . 9. The unit according to claim 1, wherein the mold is made of a metal lath.