JPH0987969A - Cellulosic fiber structure and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce a cellulosic fiber structure such as a grandrelle yarn, a designed twisted yarn, an elastic yarn, a seersucker-like woven or knitted fabric or an elastic woven or knitted fabric without causing troubles by imparting different dyeing properties and different shrinking properties to cellulosic fibers, blending the treated fibers with non-treated fibers, and subsequently processing the blended product, wherein the troubles include the mutual entanglements of the fibers due to the wetting of the fibers, when one kind of the cellulosic fibers are cationized or processed with a resin on the production of the grandrelle yarn or seersucker-like woven or knitted fabric. SOLUTION: This cellulosic fiber structure is obtained by subjecting cotton- like, sliver-like or yarn-like cellulosic fibers to a crosslinking reaction with formaldehyde in a gaseous phase state, blending the crosslinked cellulosic fibers with non-crosslinked cellulosic fibers in a cotton-like, sliver-like or yarn-like state, processing the blended product into a spun yarn, a twisted yarn, a woven fabric, a knitted yarn, etc., suitably by a spinning means, a twisting means, a weaving means, a knitting means, etc., and subsequently treating the product with an alkali or dyeing the product.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fiber structure made of a cellulosic fiber such as a heathered yarn, a design twisted yarn, a stretchable yarn, a soccer-like woven or knitted fabric, and a stretchable woven or knitted fabric, and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A method for producing a post-dyed yarn made of cellulosic fibers is as follows. Cellulosic fibers are woven, sliver-shaped, or thread-shaped and subjected to mercerizing, cationizing treatment, resin processing, etc. Fiber and unprocessed cellulosic fiber are spun and then twisted together,
A method of producing a heathered yarn by dyeing after that and utilizing the difference in dyeability due to mercerizing or cationizing treatment is performed. In addition, as a method for producing a soccer-like woven or knitted fabric made of cellulosic fiber, mercerizing or resin processing is performed on the cellulosic fiber in the form of sliver, thread or thread, and the processed cellulosic fiber and unprocessed cellulosic fiber are used. After spinning each fiber,
Weaving or knitting using spun yarns alternately at regular intervals, subjecting the resulting woven or knitted material to alkali treatment, and making soccer-like woven or knitted goods by utilizing the difference in shrinkage of fibers due to mercerizing or resin processing The way is done.

However, in any of these methods, it is difficult to uniformly dry the cotton or yarn because it must be processed by wetting the cotton or yarn with water, and the heat treatment tends to be uneven. Since the cotton and the threads are entangled with each other by wetting with, the processing is difficult, and it takes time and cost.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such a situation as described above. Heel yarns, design twisted yarns, stretchable yarns, soccer weave knitted fabrics,
It is intended to produce a fiber structure such as a stretchable woven or knitted fabric.

[0005]

The present invention attains the above object and has the following constitution. That is, the present invention relates to "a cellulosic fiber structure characterized by comprising a mixture of cellulosic fibers obtained by cross-linking formaldehyde in a vapor phase state and uncrosslinked cellulosic fibers" and "formaldehyde in a vapor phase state. Cotton pad,
After cross-linking reaction with sliver-like or thread-like cellulosic fibers, the cellulosic fibers are mixed with non-cross-linked cellulosic fibers in the form of cotton, sliver or thread, and suitable for spinning, twisting, weaving, knitting, etc. A spun yarn, a twisted yarn, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric or the like is formed by a means, and then alkali-treated and / or dyed, which is a gist.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention is described in detail below.
In the present invention, first, formaldehyde is crosslinked in the vapor phase into cotton-like, sliver-like or thread-like cellulosic fibers. The term "cellulosic fibers" as used herein means natural cellulose fibers such as cotton and hemp, and regenerated cellulose fibers such as rayon, polynosic, solvent spun rayon, etc. These fibers do not necessarily have to be 100%, and other fibers. As polyester, nylon,
A synthetic fiber such as acrylic may be mixed and used. The mixing ratio of the synthetic fibers to be mixed may be any ratio, but the ratio of the synthetic fibers is preferably 50% or less. If it is 50% or more, formaldehyde does not react with the synthetic fiber in the gas phase, so that the desired effect is reduced.

In the present invention, so-called formaldehyde gas vapor-phase processing is carried out in which formaldehyde gas is adsorbed in the above-mentioned cellulosic fiber in the form of cotton, sliver or thread, and heat-treated to crosslink. At the time of vapor phase processing, first, the moisture content of the fiber is adjusted uniformly. At this time, if the moisture content of the fiber is 1% or less, the formaldehyde gas used in vapor phase processing will not be sufficiently adsorbed on the fiber, and if it is 50% or more, the acid catalyst used may cause embrittlement of the fiber. Be careful because there is. Also note that formaldehyde gas will not be adsorbed uniformly if the water is not evenly distributed in the fiber. Any means can be used to adjust the water content uniformly, but usually, the fibers are placed in a thermo-hygrostat chamber.
It is advisable to use a method of leaving it for more than an hour.

After adjusting the water content, in the present invention, formaldehyde gas is adsorbed on the fiber and heat treated to crosslink. In vapor processing with formaldehyde,
It is possible to use a gas phase processing apparatus having a closed reaction chamber, a blowing device for feeding formaldehyde gas into the inside, a heating device for reaction, and a device for fixing a workpiece. (American Textile Processin
g Co.) vapor-phase processing apparatus (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-117958)
May be used. The formaldehyde gas concentration in this gas phase processing apparatus is preferably in the range of 1 to 20%, and if it is 1% or less, the crosslinking reaction will be insufficient, and even if it is used at 20% or more, the effect will not increase any more. It is uneconomical because it tends.

The catalyst used in the crosslinking reaction is preferably a catalyst solution or a liquefied catalyst which is vaporized and adsorbed on the fiber product. Regarding the type of catalyst, when vaporizing, a volatile acid with a low boiling point, such as hydrogen chloride, is desirable. Regarding the catalyst concentration, when treating with gas, 0.
The range of 1 to 3.0% is desirable. If the gas concentration is less than 0.1%, the crosslinking reaction becomes insufficient, and even if the gas concentration is more than 3.0%, the effect does not tend to increase any more. After adsorbing formaldehyde gas, the fiber product is heat-treated to carry out the crosslinking reaction. This heat treatment completes the crosslinking reaction by performing the treatment at a temperature in the range of 100 to 180 ° C for 0.5 to 10 minutes. be able to.

As the form of the fiber at the time of vapor phase processing, any form such as cotton, sliver and thread can be processed. When processing in the form of cotton or sliver, the cotton or sliver is placed on a net or placed in a net and suspended. Further, in the case of a sliver, it may be suspended and processed in the state of ridges. In the case of yarn, it can be processed in the state of ridges or in the shape of cheese.
In the case of ridges, it can be processed by hanging it on a net or hanging it. In the case of cheese, the thread is wound around a bobbin with holes and gas is forced to circulate from the inner layer to the outer layer or from the outer layer to the inner layer. Is processed by.

In the present invention, the cellulosic fiber after the cross-linking reaction is mixed with the non-cross-linked cellulosic fiber in the form of cotton, sliver or thread, and spun yarn by means such as spinning, twisting, weaving, knitting, etc. Form twisted yarn, woven fabric, knitted fabric, etc. When mixed here, the mixed types are roughly classified into mixed spinning, mixed twisting, mixed weaving, and mixed knitting. As the blending method, any ordinary blending method can be used, and the cross-linked cotton in the gas phase is mixed with the raw cotton in the blended cotton step,
Either the so-called blended cotton blending method or the kneading blend spinning in which the cotton and the untreated cotton that are cross-linked in the vapor phase are made into sliver respectively, or those that are vapor phase processed in the sliver state are mixed in the drafting process. It can also be used.

As an example of the combination of the mixed spinning, there is a combination of 100% cotton of a cellulosic fiber cross-linked in a gas phase state and raw cotton, and the raw cotton is a raw cellulose fiber, a synthetic fiber, There are mixed cellulosic and synthetic fiber cottons. The twisting method is a method of twisting a normal spun yarn and a method of twisting while spinning each roving produced from a sliver cotton and a raw sliver cotton that have been crosslinked in a gas phase in a spinning process. Any of the spinning and twisting may be used. As an example of a combination of twists, 100% yarns of cellulosic fibers cross-linked in the vapor phase or synthetic fiber mixed yarns of synthetic fibers cross-linked in the vapor phase and unprocessed 100% yarns of cellulose fibers or unfinished synthetic fibers There is intertwisting in combination with a mixed cellulosic fiber yarn.
In the case of mixed weaving and knitting, the combination of yarns is determined in consideration of the effect of the post-processing method for each of warp and weft described later according to the purpose and application. For example, the above-mentioned mixed and spun yarns of cotton, yarns vapor-processed with yarns and untreated yarns can be used in any ratio and in any combination.
An example is described below.

[Combination of Combined Weaving-1] 100% yarns of cellulosic fibers cross-linked in a vapor phase are used as warp yarns and 100% yarns of unprocessed cellulose fiber yarns are used as weft yarns. [Combination of weaving-2] Unprocessed cellulosic fiber 100% yarn is used as warp, and weft is mixed yarn of partially cross-linked vapor phase cellulose fiber and unprocessed cellulosic fiber. And weave. [Combining 3 of weaving] A mixed twisted yarn of a cellulose fiber and a synthetic fiber cross-linked in a vapor phase is used as a warp, and an unprocessed 100% yarn of a cellulose fiber is used as a weft to perform a weave.

[Combining-1 of Knitting] Every other warp is knitted using 100% yarns of cellulose fiber cross-linked in the vapor phase and 100% yarns of unprocessed cellulose fiber. [Combination of knitting-2] Every other two warps, a blended yarn with a synthetic fiber partially using a crosslinked cellulose fiber in a vapor phase is used, and 100% of unprocessed cellulose fiber is alternately used.
Knitting is performed using threads.

After that, in the present invention, the obtained spun yarn, twisted yarn, woven fabric, knitted fabric and the like are subjected to alkali treatment and / or dyeing. The term "and / or" as used herein is used as a term that means either or both of the two. Therefore, specifically, it means three ways of performing only the alkali treatment, only the dyeing, or dyeing after the alkali treatment. In dyeing, usual dyes for cellulosic fibers can be used, and for example, direct dyes, reactive dyes, slene dyes, etc. can be used. By performing ordinary dyeing on the above-mentioned mixed product, a step drop (shade) occurs due to the difference in dyeability between the fibers that have been subjected to the vapor phase processing and the unprocessed fibers, and the effect such as heathering and chambray is produced. You can

In order to obtain a soccer-like woven fabric, a stretchable yarn, or a stretchable woven fabric, the above-mentioned mixed product is subjected to alkali treatment. There are two types of alkali treatment: yarn-based alkali treatment and cloth-based alkali treatment. Examples of chemicals used for the alkali treatment include sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. The concentration of alkali can be the same as that of ordinary mercer. In the case of sodium hydroxide, 10Be'-48Be 'is desirable,
More preferably, it is 20Be'-30Be '. In the case of potassium hydroxide, it is preferably 10Be 'to 48Be', more preferably 20Be 'to 30Be'. If the concentration is out of this range, the effect of sufficient alkali treatment cannot be obtained. As the alkali treatment method, a usual mercerizing method can be used, and in the case of a yarn, a mercerizing method with a ridge and a continuous mercerizing method while the yarn is running can be used. In the case of cloth, it can be processed using a continuous mercerizing machine or a pad batch method.

The alkali-treated fiber cloth or yarn is immediately washed with water to remove sodium hydroxide on the cloth or yarn, neutralized, washed with water and dried. At this time, when the purpose is elasticity, it is preferable not to apply too much tension in order to obtain elasticity. The present invention has the above configuration.

[0018]

When the cellulosic fiber is exposed to formaldehyde in the gas phase and heat treated as in the present invention, the formaldehyde is crosslinked between the cellulose molecules and the cellulose molecules are fixed. When this is subjected to alkali treatment, the one that has been subjected to gas phase processing is difficult to swell with alkali, that is, it does not shrink due to alkali treatment, but unprocessed cellulosic fiber swells with alkali, so these two fibers are mixed-spun. ，
Alkali treatment by twisting, weaving, and knitting produces soccer-like fabrics and stretchable fabrics and threads. Also, when dyed, those that have undergone vapor phase processing are
Since formaldehyde is cross-linked between cellulose molecules, it is difficult for dyes to enter, and it is more difficult to dye than unprocessed cellulosic fibers. Therefore, if these two fibers are mixed and mixed, Staining difference occurs between
It is possible to obtain effects such as heathering and chambray.

[0019]

Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. Example 1 Cotton of 100% cotton fiber was prepared, and this cotton was heated at 20 ° C.
The moisture content is adjusted to 7.0% by leaving it in a 65% constant temperature and humidity room for 24 hours, and then put on a net in the form of cotton,
Using a closed gas phase processing apparatus (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-117958) having a gas blowing apparatus and a heating apparatus for reaction, the form gas was exposed to formaldehyde gas for 1 minute under the following gas phase processing condition 1, and then 120 A heat treatment was performed at 2 ° C. for 2 minutes. Gas phase processing conditions 1 Formaldehyde gas (crosslinking agent) 7.0% Sulfurous acid gas (catalyst) 2.0%

Next, this vapor-processed cotton fiber 100 is used.
% Cotton and 50% each of non-vapor-processed unprocessed cotton were mixed, and a yarn of 40 count was spun by an ordinary method. The yarn was taken in a drape state, scoured by a draper machine and allowed to drift, and then dyed by the following formulation 1 at a bath ratio of 1:30 at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes. Prescription 1 Remazol Brilliant Blue R 2.0% owf anhydrous Glauber's salt 30 g / liter Soda ash 10 g / liter

After dyeing, according to normal soaping conditions,
After soaping with a nonionic surfactant at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes, it was washed and dried. By this dyeing, heathered yarn was obtained.

Example 2 A sliver cotton of 100% cotton fiber was prepared, and Example 1 was prepared.
After adjusting the water content to 7.0% in the same manner as described above, the sample was suspended in a sliver-like undulation state and subjected to vapor phase processing with formaldehyde under the gas phase processing conditions of Example 1. Next, the sliver is mixed with the sliver of 100% cotton fiber that has been subjected to the vapor phase processing and the sliver of 100% unprocessed cotton fiber that has not been subjected to the vapor phase processing at a ratio of 40% and 60%, respectively. The yarn was spun into yarn of No. 30 while carrying out the usual method. The yarn was wound into a cheese state, scoured by a cheese dyeing machine, allowed to drift, and then dyed, soaped and dried under the same conditions as in Example 1. A heathered yarn was obtained by this dyeing.

Example 3 A 50-core core-sheath type multi-layered yarn having 40% polyester short fibers in the core and 60% cotton in the sheath was prepared and used as in Example 1. After adjusting the water content to 7.0%, vapor-phase processing with formaldehyde was performed under the vapor-phase processing conditions of Example 1 in the state of ridges. Next, using the vapor-phase-processed multi-layered yarn and the unprocessed 100% cotton fiber yarn of the 50th count, the warp yarns were alternately vapor-phase-processed in multiple layers and unprocessed. A 100% cotton yarn was placed, and an unprocessed 100% cotton yarn was driven into the weft yarn to obtain a plain weave with a warp density of 144 yarns / inch and a weft yarn density of 78 yarns / inch. After normal desizing, scouring and drifting of this cloth, alkali treatment (mercury processing) at 25 ° C for 30 seconds with a 20Be 'sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was applied to the continuous mercerizing machine without applying tension. went. After alkali treatment, acetic acid 10%
Neutralization treatment was carried out with the above aqueous solution, followed by immediate washing with water and drying to obtain a soccer-like grained fabric.

Example 4 Using the multi-layered yarn after vapor-phase processing obtained in Example 3 above and a yarn of 50 count of 100% unprocessed cotton, and using 100% unprocessed cotton yarn as the warp. Using a multi-layered yarn subjected to vapor phase processing as a weft, a plain weave having a warp density of 144 yarns / inch and a weft density of 78 yarns / inch was obtained. After normal desizing, scouring and drifting, this woven fabric was subjected to normal alkali treatment (mercerizing) with a continuous mercerizing machine. The conditions of alkali treatment were the same as in Example 3. After the alkali treatment, the same neutralization treatment as in Example 3 was performed, and the resultant was dried. By this alkali treatment, weft-stretched fabrics were obtained.

Example 5 A yarn of No. 60 twin yarn made of 100% cotton fiber was prepared, and the moisture content was adjusted to 7.0% in the state of ridges, and then vaporized with formaldehyde under the vapor phase processing conditions of Example 1. Phase-processed. Next, using the vapor-phase-processed 100% cotton No. 60 yarn and the unprocessed 100% cotton No. 60 yarn, each three yarns are arranged so as to form a border and interwoven. ， I knit it into a plain cloth. Furthermore, after scouring and drifting by the usual method, alkali treatment was performed using an open mercerizing machine. The conditions of alkali treatment were the same as in Example 3. After the alkali treatment, the same neutralization treatment as in Example 3 was performed, and the resultant was dried.
Thereafter, according to the formulation 1 of Example 1, the bath ratio was 1:30 and the temperature was 60 ° C.
Was dyed for 30 minutes. By the above alkali treatment and dyeing, a knit with a light and shade border pattern and a sense of unevenness was obtained.

Example 6 A slab yarn of 20 count made of 100% cotton fiber was prepared, and the moisture content was adjusted to 7.0% in the state of ridges, and then the vapor phase with formaldehyde was performed under the vapor phase processing conditions of Example 1. Processed.
The vapor-processed 20% slab yarn of 100% cotton fiber and the 30th yarn of 100% unprocessed cotton fiber were twisted into a double twister to obtain 10 times / inch twist yarn. The interlaced twisted yarn was taken in a drip state, subjected to ordinary scouring and bleaching, and then treated with an aqueous solution of 20Be 'of sodium hydroxide at 20 ° C for 5 minutes with a dreg mercerizing machine. After the alkali treatment, a neutralization treatment was performed with an aqueous solution of 10% acetic acid, and then immediately washed with water and dried to obtain a bulky design twisted yarn.

Example 7 A 20-count yarn (100% cotton fiber) (twisting factor 5.5) was used as a double yarn to prepare a twisted yarn of 600 T / m in the Z direction. After adjusting the rate to 7.0%, the cheese was subjected to the vapor processing with formaldehyde under the vapor processing conditions of Example 1. Next, the twisted yarn after the vapor phase processing was twisted at 900 T / m in the reverse S direction. The obtained twisted yarn was a stretch yarn having an elongation of about 80% and elasticity.

[0028]

As described in the present invention, when the cellulosic fiber is subjected to the vapor processing with formaldehyde, since the fiber can be crosslinked in the vapor phase, it is not necessary to wet or dry the fiber. When mixed with uncrosslinked cellulosic fibers without adversely affecting the twisting and weaving of the yarn, the difference in the dyeing property gives the expression of heathered yarn, chambray, etc. by post-dying, and the design. Twisted yarn or the like can be formed. Furthermore, by adding alkali treatment, soccer-like fabrics and elastic yarns,
It is also possible to obtain stretch fabrics.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A cellulosic fiber structure comprising a mixture of cellulosic fibers obtained by cross-linking formaldehyde in a gas phase and uncrosslinked cellulosic fibers. 2. Formaldehyde in the vapor phase,
After cross-linking reaction with sliver-like or thread-like cellulosic fibers, the cellulosic fibers are mixed with non-cross-linked cellulosic fibers in the form of cotton, sliver or thread, and suitable for spinning, twisting, weaving, knitting, etc. A process for producing a cellulosic fiber structure, characterized in that spun yarn, twisted yarn, woven fabric, knitted fabric, etc. are formed by means of the means, and then treated with alkali and / or dyed.