JPH097622A - Gas humidifying method for pem type fuel cell and gas humidifier - Google Patents
Gas humidifying method for pem type fuel cell and gas humidifierInfo
- Publication number
- JPH097622A JPH097622A JP7180826A JP18082695A JPH097622A JP H097622 A JPH097622 A JP H097622A JP 7180826 A JP7180826 A JP 7180826A JP 18082695 A JP18082695 A JP 18082695A JP H097622 A JPH097622 A JP H097622A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- fuel cell
- cooling water
- passage
- humidifier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ＰＥＭ型燃料電池のガ
ス加湿方法及びガス加湿器に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gas humidifying method and a gas humidifier for a PEM fuel cell.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来よりＰＥＭ型燃料電池の発電効率を
上げる為に、Ｈ2 ガスを加湿している。Ｈ2 ガスを加湿
するには、ヒーター加熱のバブラー内の温水に通して加
湿し、この加湿Ｈ2 ガスを燃料電池に供給している。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, H 2 gas is humidified in order to increase the power generation efficiency of a PEM type fuel cell. To humidify the H 2 gas, it is passed through hot water in a bubbler heated by a heater to humidify the H 2 gas, and the humidified H 2 gas is supplied to the fuel cell.
【０００３】ところで、このヒーター加熱のバブラーに
よるＨ2 ガスの加湿では、電力消費が大きく、加湿効率
が悪い。また、Ｈ2 ガスの加湿を適正なものにするに
は、バブラー温度ＴB と燃料電池のセル温度ＴC の２つ
をコントロールしなければならないのであるが、ＴB ＞
＞ＴC の時加湿オーバーでセル内で結露し、ガスが詰ま
り、ガス不足が生じて、発電効率が低下し、ＴB ＜＜Ｔ
C の時、加湿不十分で発電効率が低下するので、ＴB ＝
ＴC のコントロール範囲が狭く、非常にコントロールが
難しかった。しかも加湿の程度は電流密度によっても高
電流密度側では高加湿が要求されるので、一層コントロ
ールが難しかった。その上、バブラー常備ではＰＥＭ型
燃料電池のコンパクト化を達成できないものである。By the way, the humidification of H 2 gas by the bubbler for heating the heater consumes a large amount of electric power and has a poor humidification efficiency. Also, to those proper humidification of the H 2 gas is is not necessary to control the two cell temperature T C bubbler temperature T B and the fuel cell, T B>
When> T C , dehumidification occurs in the cell due to over-humidification, gas is clogged, gas shortage occurs, power generation efficiency decreases, and T B << T
When C , humidification is insufficient and power generation efficiency decreases, so T B =
Narrow control range of T C, it has been difficult to very control. Moreover, the degree of humidification is more difficult to control because high humidification is required on the high current density side depending on the current density. Moreover, it is impossible to achieve a compact PEM fuel cell with a bubbler.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで本発明は、ヒー
ター加熱のバブラーを用いることなく、自動的に効率良
く加湿することができ、またＰＥＭ型燃料電池のコンパ
クト化を達成できるＰＥＭ型燃料電池のガス加湿方法及
びそれを実施するためのガス加湿器を提供しようとする
ものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention provides a PEM type fuel cell which can automatically and efficiently humidify without using a bubbler for heating a heater and can achieve a compact PEM type fuel cell. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gas humidifying method and a gas humidifier for carrying out the method.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
の本発明のＰＥＭ型燃料電池のガス加湿方法は、ＰＥＭ
型燃料電池スタックに、供給するガスを加湿するに於い
て、片面に冷却水通路、他の片面にガス通路を有する全
面ガス不透過処理の冷却プレート２枚を、冷却水通路と
ガス通路を対向させ、その間に固体高分子膜を配し、こ
の固体高分子膜の片面の冷却水通路側に冷却水を流通さ
せ、他の片面のガス通路側にガスを流通させて、ガスを
加湿させることを特徴とするものである。A method for humidifying a gas of a PEM type fuel cell according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a PEM.
In humidifying the gas to be supplied to the fuel cell stack, two cooling plates for gas impervious treatment having a cooling water passage on one side and a gas passage on the other side, and the cooling water passage and the gas passage are opposed to each other. To place a solid polymer membrane between them, and to circulate the cooling water to the cooling water passage side on one side of this solid polymer membrane and to circulate the gas to the gas passage side on the other side to humidify the gas. It is characterized by.
【０００６】このガス加湿方法を実施するための本発明
のガス加湿器は、片面に冷却水通路、他の片面にガス通
路を有する全面ガス不透過処理の冷却プレートを、固体
高分子膜を介在して冷却水通路とガス通路が対向するよ
うに多数積層してなるものである。The gas humidifier of the present invention for carrying out this gas humidification method comprises a cooling plate for cooling the entire surface, which has a cooling water passage on one side and a gas passage on the other side, and a solid polymer membrane. The cooling water passage and the gas passage are laminated so that they face each other.
【０００７】このガス加湿器に於ける冷却プレートの全
面ガス不透過処理は、フェノール系樹脂、ビスマレイミ
ドトリアジン化合物、エポキシ系樹脂、アクリル系樹
脂、シアノアクリレート液等の液状封止剤の含浸による
不透過処理であることが好ましい。The entire gas impermeability treatment of the cooling plate in this gas humidifier is impervious to impregnation of a liquid sealing agent such as a phenol resin, a bismaleimide triazine compound, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, or a cyanoacrylate liquid. Permeation treatment is preferable.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】上記のように本発明のＰＥＭ型燃料電池のガス
加湿方法は、固体高分子膜の片面の冷却プレートの冷却
水通路側に冷却水を流通させ、他の片面の冷却プレート
のガス通路側にガスを流通させるので、水は固体高分子
膜を透過してガス側で蒸発し、ガスが自動的に効率良く
加湿される。特に燃料電池の発電エリアのスタックを冷
却してきた高温の水を加湿エリアで固体高分子膜を透過
してガス中に蒸発させガスを加湿し、これを発電エリア
のスタックに送ることと温度の低い加湿エリアの冷却効
果により、発電エリアの発熱が抑制され、両エリアの温
度が自動的に略等しくなるので、発電エリアでは効率良
く安定した発電ができる。As described above, according to the gas humidifying method of the PEM type fuel cell of the present invention, the cooling water is circulated to the cooling water passage side of the cooling plate on one side of the solid polymer membrane and the gas passage of the cooling plate on the other side. Since the gas is circulated to the side, water permeates the solid polymer membrane and is evaporated on the gas side, and the gas is automatically and efficiently humidified. In particular, the high temperature water that has cooled the stack in the power generation area of the fuel cell permeates the solid polymer membrane in the humidification area to evaporate into the gas to humidify the gas and send it to the stack in the power generation area and to reduce the temperature. Due to the cooling effect of the humidifying area, heat generation in the power generation area is suppressed, and the temperatures of both areas are automatically made approximately equal, so that efficient and stable power generation can be performed in the power generation area.
【０００９】また、上記のように構成された本発明のＰ
ＥＭ型燃料電池のガス加湿器は、燃料電池の加湿エリア
で発電エリアのスタックと一体化することにより、上記
のガス加湿方法を適確に行うことができ、燃料電池の発
電効率を向上させることができる。特にこのガス加湿器
に於ける冷却プレートの全面ガス不透過処理が、フェノ
ール系樹脂、ビスマレイミドトリアジン化合物、エポキ
シ系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂（シアノアクリレート液）等
の液状封止剤の含浸による不透過処理である場合は、ガ
ス封止が万全でガスリークが生じることが無く、しかも
耐熱性、耐食性、導電性、耐湿性（高温多湿）に優れる
ので、長寿命である。Further, the P of the present invention constructed as described above
By integrating the gas humidifier of the EM fuel cell with the stack of the power generation area in the humidification area of the fuel cell, the gas humidification method described above can be performed accurately and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is improved. You can In particular, the entire gas impermeability treatment of the cooling plate in this gas humidifier is impervious due to impregnation with a liquid sealant such as phenol resin, bismaleimide triazine compound, epoxy resin, acrylic resin (cyanoacrylate liquid). In the case of the treatment, the gas sealing is perfect, no gas leak occurs, and the heat resistance, corrosion resistance, conductivity, and humidity resistance (high temperature and high humidity) are excellent, so that the life is long.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】本発明のＰＥＭ型燃料電池のガス加湿方法及
びガス加湿器の実施例を説明する。先ずガス加湿器から
説明する。図１に示すように厚さ 3.0mm、一辺 120mmの
方形のカーボンプレート１にガスの入口２、出口３、冷
却水の入口４、出口５が設けられ、表面中央部に平行な
多数の深さ 1.0mm、幅 2.0mmの冷却水通路溝６が形成さ
れ、裏面中央部に図２に示すように前記冷却水通路溝６
と交差して平行な多数の深さ 1.0mm、幅 2.0mmのガス通
路溝７が形成された全面ガス不透過処理、本例の場合、
フェノール樹脂を真空含浸させた後、加圧し、乾燥後、
窒素雰囲気で焼成し、フェノール樹脂をカーボン化せし
め、いわゆるグラッシー処理を施した冷却プレート８
を、図３に示すように固体高分子膜として厚さ 140μ
ｍ、一辺120mmのナフィオン膜９を介在して冷却水通路
溝６とガス通路溝７が対向するように多数、本例の場合
５層分積層締着してガス加湿器10を組み立てた。EXAMPLES Examples of a gas humidifying method and a gas humidifier for a PEM type fuel cell of the present invention will be described. First, the gas humidifier will be described. As shown in Fig. 1, a rectangular carbon plate 1 with a thickness of 3.0 mm and a side of 120 mm is provided with a gas inlet 2, an outlet 3, a cooling water inlet 4 and an outlet 5, and a large number of depths parallel to the center of the surface. A cooling water passage groove 6 having a width of 1.0 mm and a width of 2.0 mm is formed, and as shown in FIG.
The entire surface gas impermeable treatment in which a large number of gas passage grooves 7 having a depth of 1.0 mm and a width of 2.0 mm are formed so as to intersect with and parallel to each other.
After vacuum impregnating the phenolic resin, pressurize and dry,
Cooling plate 8 fired in a nitrogen atmosphere to convert the phenol resin into carbon and subjected to so-called glassy treatment
As shown in Fig. 3, a solid polymer film with a thickness of 140μ
The gas humidifier 10 was assembled by laminating and fastening a large number of five layers so that the cooling water passage groove 6 and the gas passage groove 7 are opposed to each other with a Nafion membrane 9 having a side length of 120 mm.
【００１１】次にこのガス加湿器10を、図４に示すよう
にＰＥＭ型燃料電池の発電エリアのスタック11に、加湿
エリアとして締着一体化し、発電エリアのスタック11に
供給するＨ2 ガスの加湿について説明する。ガス加湿器
10の各ナフィオン膜９の片面にある冷却プレート８のガ
ス通路溝７に、燃料ガスである温度20℃、湿度０％のＨ
2 ガス３l/min で流通させ、他の片面にある冷却プレー
ト８の冷却水通路溝６に、発電エリアのスタック11を冷
却してきた高温（70℃）の水を１l/min で流通させた。
その結果、高温の水はナフィオン膜９を透過してガス通
路溝７側で蒸発し、Ｈ2 ガスが温度70℃、湿度70％に自
動的に効率良く加湿された。この加湿されたＨ2 ガスは
発電エリアのスタック11に送られ、また温度の低い加湿
エリアの冷却効果により発電エリアの発熱が抑制され、
両エリアの温度が自動的に略等しくなったので、発電エ
リアでは長時間効率良く安定した発電ができるようにな
った。Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the gas humidifier 10 is fastened and integrated with the stack 11 in the power generation area of the PEM type fuel cell as a humidification area to supply the H 2 gas supplied to the stack 11 in the power generation area. Humidification will be described. Gas humidifier
In the gas passage groove 7 of the cooling plate 8 on one surface of each Nafion film 10 of 10, the temperature of the fuel gas is 20 ° C. and the humidity of 0% is H.
2 gas was circulated at 3 l / min, and high temperature (70 ° C.) water that had cooled the stack 11 in the power generation area was circulated at 1 l / min through the cooling water passage groove 6 of the cooling plate 8 on the other side.
As a result, the high temperature water permeated through the Nafion membrane 9 and evaporated on the gas passage groove 7 side, and the H 2 gas was automatically and efficiently humidified to a temperature of 70 ° C. and a humidity of 70%. This humidified H 2 gas is sent to the stack 11 in the power generation area, and the heat generation in the power generation area is suppressed by the cooling effect of the low temperature humidified area.
Since the temperatures in both areas automatically became approximately equal, it became possible to generate electricity efficiently and stably for a long time in the power generation area.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の効果】以上の説明で判るように本発明のＰＥＭ
型燃料電池のガス加湿方法によれば、固体高分子膜の片
面に流通させたガスは、他の片面に流通させた水が固体
高分子膜を透過してガス側に蒸発するので、ヒーター加
熱のバブラーを用いることなく、自動的に効率良く加湿
される。特に燃料電池の発電エリアのスタックを冷却し
てきた高温の水を加湿エリアで固体高分子膜を透過して
ガス中に蒸発させ、ガスを加湿し、この加湿ガスを発電
エリアのスタックに送ることと温度の低い加湿エリアの
冷却効果により発電エリアの発熱が抑制され、両エリア
の温度が自動的に略等しくなるので、発電エリアでは長
時間効率良く安定した発電ができるようになる。As can be seen from the above description, the PEM of the present invention.
According to the gas humidification method for a fuel cell, the gas flowing on one side of the solid polymer membrane is heated by the heater because the water flowing on the other side permeates the solid polymer membrane and evaporates to the gas side. It is automatically and efficiently humidified without using a bubbler. In particular, high temperature water that has cooled the stack in the power generation area of the fuel cell permeates the solid polymer membrane in the humidification area to evaporate into gas, humidifies the gas, and sends this humidified gas to the stack in the power generation area. Since the heat generation in the power generation area is suppressed by the cooling effect of the humidified area where the temperature is low, and the temperatures of both areas are automatically made approximately equal, it is possible to efficiently and stably generate power in the power generation area for a long time.
【００１３】また、本発明のＰＥＭ型燃料電池のガス加
湿器によれば、上記のガス加湿方法を適確に行うことが
でき、燃料電池の発電効率を向上させることができると
共に燃料電池のコンパクト化を達成できる。特にこのガ
ス加湿器に於ける冷却プレートの全面ガス不透過処理
が、フェノール系樹脂、ビスマレイミドトリアジン化合
物、エポキシ系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂（シアノアクリレ
ート液も含む）等の液状封止剤の含浸による不透過処理
である場合は、ガス封止が万全でガスリークが生じるこ
とが無く、しかも耐熱性、耐食性、導電性、耐湿性（高
温多湿）に優れるので、ガス加湿器は長寿命となる。Further, according to the gas humidifier of the PEM type fuel cell of the present invention, the above-mentioned gas humidification method can be appropriately performed, the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell can be improved, and the fuel cell can be made compact. Can be achieved. In particular, the gas impermeable treatment on the entire surface of the cooling plate in this gas humidifier is performed by impregnating a liquid sealant such as phenol resin, bismaleimide triazine compound, epoxy resin, acrylic resin (including cyanoacrylate liquid). In the case of the impermeable treatment, the gas humidification is perfect, no gas leak occurs, and the heat resistance, corrosion resistance, conductivity, and humidity resistance (high temperature and high humidity) are excellent, so that the gas humidifier has a long life.
【図１】本発明のガス加湿器に於ける冷却プレートの表
面を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a surface of a cooling plate in a gas humidifier of the present invention.
【図２】図１の冷却プレートの裏面を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a view showing a back surface of the cooling plate of FIG.
【図３】本発明のガス加湿器を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a gas humidifier of the present invention.
【図４】図３のガス加湿器をＰＥＭ型燃料電池の発電エ
リアのスタックに締着一体化して、本発明のガス加湿方
法を実施する状態を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which the gas humidifier of FIG. 3 is fastened and integrated to a stack in a power generation area of a PEM type fuel cell to carry out the gas humidification method of the present invention.
１ カーボンプレート ６ 冷却水通路溝 ７ ガス通路溝 ８ 冷却プレート ９ ナフィオン膜（固体高分子膜） 10 ガス加湿器 11 発電エリアのスタック 1 carbon plate 6 cooling water passage groove 7 gas passage groove 8 cooling plate 9 Nafion membrane (solid polymer membrane) 10 gas humidifier 11 stack in power generation area
Claims (3)
スを加湿するに於いて、片面に冷却水通路、他の片面に
ガス通路を有する全面ガス不透過処理の冷却プレート２
枚を、冷却水通路とガス通路を対向させ、その間に固体
高分子膜を配し、この固体高分子膜の片面の冷却水通路
側に冷却水を流通させ、他の片面のガス通路側にガスを
流通させて、ガスを加湿することを特徴とするＰＥＭ型
燃料電池のガス加湿方法。1. A humidifying gas for supplying gas to a PEM type fuel cell stack, wherein a cooling plate 2 is provided with a cooling water passageway on one side and a gas passageway on the other side, and is a gas-impermeable treatment cooling plate 2.
The sheet is made to face the cooling water passage and the gas passage, and the solid polymer membrane is arranged between them, and the cooling water is circulated to the cooling water passage side on one side of this solid polymer membrane, and to the gas passage side on the other side. A gas humidifying method for a PEM fuel cell, characterized in that the gas is circulated to humidify the gas.
を有する全面ガス不透過処理の冷却プレートを、固体高
分子膜を介在して冷却水通路とガス通路が対向するよう
に多数積層してなるＰＥＭ型燃料電池のガス加湿器。2. A large number of cooling plates having a gas passage on one surface and a gas passage on the other surface, which are subjected to a full gas impermeability treatment, are laminated so that the cooling water passage and the gas passage face each other with a solid polymer membrane interposed therebetween. A gas humidifier for a PEM type fuel cell.
加湿器に於ける冷却プレートの全面ガス不透過処理が、
フェノール系樹脂、ビスマレイミドトリアジン化合物、
エポキシ系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、シアノアクリレート
液等の、液状封止剤の含浸による不透過処理であること
を特徴とするＰＥＭ型燃料電池のガス加湿器。3. The entire gas impermeable treatment of the cooling plate in the gas humidifier of the PEM fuel cell according to claim 2,
Phenolic resin, bismaleimide triazine compound,
A gas humidifier for a PEM fuel cell, which is an impervious treatment by impregnating a liquid sealant such as an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, or a cyanoacrylate liquid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18082695A JP3514880B2 (en) | 1995-06-23 | 1995-06-23 | Gas humidifier for PEM fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18082695A JP3514880B2 (en) | 1995-06-23 | 1995-06-23 | Gas humidifier for PEM fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH097622A true JPH097622A (en) | 1997-01-10 |
| JP3514880B2 JP3514880B2 (en) | 2004-03-31 |
Family
ID=16090039
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18082695A Expired - Lifetime JP3514880B2 (en) | 1995-06-23 | 1995-06-23 | Gas humidifier for PEM fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3514880B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0831543A1 (en) * | 1996-09-02 | 1998-03-25 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Gas humidifying device for use with a fuel cell |
| US8129062B2 (en) | 2002-04-15 | 2012-03-06 | Panasonic Corporation | Fuel cell system operation method |
-
1995
- 1995-06-23 JP JP18082695A patent/JP3514880B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0831543A1 (en) * | 1996-09-02 | 1998-03-25 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Gas humidifying device for use with a fuel cell |
| US8129062B2 (en) | 2002-04-15 | 2012-03-06 | Panasonic Corporation | Fuel cell system operation method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3514880B2 (en) | 2004-03-31 |
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