JPH0969972A - Image observation device of camera - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To observe an image which is recorded on a photosensitive recording medium and an image which has simultaneous photography effect on an electronic viewer frame by operating a 2nd stop which is arranged in the image pickup optical path of an image pickup element. SOLUTION: The aperture value of a photographic lens is calculated according to a shutter speed and the detection result of a luminance measuring instrument C12 and a relay stop C18 is controlled and stopped down to a value which is 4EV brighter than the calculated aperture value of the photographic lens. Further, when an exposure mode is set to a P mode or a photographic scene is set, the relay stop C18 and the shutter speed of the image pickup element are controlled along a specific program diagram according to the detection result of the luminance measuring instrument C12. Then the relay stop C18 is stopped down to the set value and calculated value of the respective modes. At the same time, a video signal photography part is actuated, the image pickup element C21 photoelectrically converts luminous flux passed through the photographic lens L and relay optical system C14, and the converted video signal is displayed on the electronic viewfinder C27.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention divides an incident light beam to record it on a photosensitive recording medium on the one hand and image it with an image pickup device such as CCD on the other hand, and observe the latter image with an electronic viewfinder. Regarding cameras

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a camera capable of performing image pickup on a silver salt film and image pickup on an image pickup device, respectively, and reproducing an image picked up by the image pickup device by an electronic viewfinder for observation. No. 63-284527 is known. This camera utilizes the features of the electronic viewfinder, and by displaying a still image, the composition taken on the silver salt film can be confirmed. In addition, a single-lens reflex camera equipped with a so-called preview device that allows you to narrow down the aperture of the taking lens without taking an image on a silver salt film and check the shooting effect (depth of field, etc.) by the aperture with an optical viewfinder. Cameras are well known in the art.

[0003]

Although the preview device conventionally used in a single-lens reflex camera can confirm the photographing effect by the diaphragm, the image becomes dark because the image is observed in the narrowed state. Therefore, in the case of a small aperture, there is a drawback that a clear image cannot be observed. In addition, when the camera is equipped with a device for performing focus detection using the light flux incident through the taking lens, the light flux used for focus detection is eclipsed in the narrowed state, so focus detection cannot be performed during the preview. .
Further, since it cannot be observed in the state of a still image, it is difficult to confirm the state of being imaged on the silver salt film, and the photographing effect (image blurring etc.) due to the change of the shutter speed cannot be observed.

On the other hand, with the camera disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-284527, the composition can be confirmed, but the photographing effect by changing the aperture and shutter speed cannot be confirmed.

The object of the present invention is to confirm the photographing effect by changing the aperture and shutter speed, the image does not become dark during the confirmation, and the focus detection is disturbed during the confirmation. To obtain a configuration that does not occur.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, in the invention described in claim 1, the light beam incident through the photographing optical system including the first diaphragm is divided, and one light beam is used for photosensitive recording. In a camera capable of capturing an image on a medium and observing an image captured by an image sensor with the other light flux on an electronic viewfinder, setting means for setting an aperture value of a first aperture, and the other light flux. A second diaphragm installed therein, the first diaphragm is operated based on the setting of the setting means when the image is picked up on the photosensitive recording medium, and the setting means is set during a period other than when the image is picked up on the photosensitive recording medium. It is characterized in that the second diaphragm is operated based on the setting of 1., the image is picked up by the image pickup device, and the picked-up image is displayed on the electronic viewfinder. According to a second aspect of the invention, the camera further includes an electronic shutter control means for controlling the charge accumulation time to the image pickup device in association with the operation of the second diaphragm.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the light flux incident through the photographing optical system is split, one light flux is used to image the photosensitive recording medium through the shutter, and the other light flux is used by the image sensor. In a camera that can take an image and observe the captured image with an electronic viewfinder,
Control of the shutter has a setting means for setting the shutter speed, the shutter is operated based on the setting of the setting means at the time of image pickup on the photosensitive recording medium, and the setting means is set at a period other than the time of image pickup on the photosensitive recording medium. It is characterized in that the charge accumulation time of the image pickup device is controlled based on the image pickup, and the picked-up image is displayed on the electronic viewfinder. Further, in the invention according to claim 4, the camera further includes an aperture in the other light beam that operates in conjunction with the control of the charge accumulation time of the image pickup device. In each of the above configurations, it is possible to have a configuration in which a density-changeable filter is provided in the imaging optical path of the image sensor.

[0008]

According to the structure of the present invention, an image having the same photographic effect (aperture effect) as the image recorded on the photosensitive recording medium is obtained by operating the second aperture arranged in the image pickup optical path of the image pickup device. Are observed on the electronic viewfinder. In addition, the amount of light incident on the image sensor that changes depending on the aperture is the charge accumulation time (electronic shutter speed) on the image sensor.
Is adjusted by changing.

Alternatively, by adjusting the charge accumulation time (electronic shutter speed) to the image pickup device, the same photographing effect (shutter speed effect) as that of the image recorded on the photosensitive recording medium is obtained.
An image with is viewed on the electronic viewfinder.
Further, the output of the image sensor, which changes according to the change of the accumulation time, is adjusted by operating the second diaphragm.

Further, by adjusting the density of the density changeable filter, the difference between the sensitivity of the photosensitive recording medium and the sensitivity of the image pickup device is compensated, and the narrowing equivalent to the narrowing at the time of recording on the photosensitive recording medium is performed. And an appropriate shooting effect is observed.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, an image is picked up on a silver salt film (hereinafter simply referred to as a film) as a photosensitive recording medium, an image picked up by an image pickup device is observed by an electronic viewfinder, and the image is put on a medium such as a magnetic tape. It is a camera that can shoot moving images and still images. Various media such as a magnetic disk and a magneto-optical disk can be used instead of the magnetic tape. The film used in this example has an electronic recording medium or a magnetic recording layer on the film container or on the film surface (a recording medium separate from the film may be used), and the camera stores information related to the shooting. It can be recorded electronically on a recording medium. Although the following description will be made assuming that the electronic recording medium is provided on the film container, the same applies to the case where the film surface has a magnetic recording layer.

1 to 4 are external views of a camera to which the present invention is applied, showing the camera viewed from the front, top, rear, and bottom, respectively. Prior to the description of the main part of the present invention, first, various operation members and display members installed on the outer surface of the camera will be described.

1 to 4, the camera body C is roughly divided into a body portion CB and a grip portion CG. A photographic lens L is replaceably mounted on the front surface of the main body CB, and a lens replacement button LR provided on the front surface of the camera.
The lock of the taking lens L is released by pressing. On the other hand, an accessory shoe HS for interchangeably mounting the flash is provided on the upper surface of the camera. Further, in FIG. 2, a knob FC for replacing the film container is installed at the left end of the main body CB, and the operation of the knob FC opens the lid of the film container storage chamber (not shown).
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a deck cover knob DC is installed on the upper surface of the grip portion CG, and by operating this knob DC, the deck portion for loading a medium made of magnetic tape can be opened. That is, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when the grip portion CG rotates counterclockwise when viewed from above about the front end of the grip portion CG, the gap with the main body portion CB is opened, the deck portion is exposed, and the media ( Magnetic tape) can be inserted and removed backward.

Next, the external structure of this embodiment will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 2, an operation mode dial 1 for turning on / off the main power supply of the camera and switching the operation mode is installed at the left end of the upper surface of the main body portion CB. The operation mode dial 1 has an off position OFF for turning off the main power source, a simultaneous shooting mode position PM for shooting a moving image on a film at the same time as a moving image, a film shooting mode PH for shooting only a film, A moving image video shooting mode position MV for only shooting a moving image of a moving image, a video playback mode position V for playing back a recorded video image, a still image video shooting mode position SV for shooting a still image, electronically on a film container It can be set at each position of the edit mode position E for rewriting the recorded photographing information.

On the other hand, a shutter release button 3 is provided near the front of the upper surface of the grip portion CG, and when it is pressed, film photographing is performed. An exposure mode dial 5 is rotatably installed in front of the shutter release button 3. Further, a program button 7 is installed at the rear part of the grip portion CG, and the exposure mode can be set to the program mode (P mode) by operating the program button 7 alone. While rotating the exposure mode dial 5, the exposure mode is set to the aperture priority mode (A mode), shutter speed priority mode (S mode),
The manual mode (M mode) can be set. The exposure mode may not be set depending on the operation mode, but details will be described later. Further, the aperture value AV and the shutter speed TV can be changed and set by rotating the dial 5 independently in each exposure mode.

On the other hand, a mode button 9 is installed in front of the operation mode dial 1, and by rotating the exposure mode dial 5 while pressing the mode button 9, a shooting scene in film shooting and still image video shooting is obtained. Can be selected. In the camera of this embodiment, five kinds of shooting scenes of portrait, landscape, close-up, sports, and night view are programmed in advance. Shooting with a shallow depth of field is performed by controlling the aperture toward the open end in portrait scenes, and by controlling the aperture to be narrowed down in landscape scenes, you can clearly capture a wide range of scenery from short distances to long distances. can do. In close-up scenes, the aperture is narrowed down to deepen the depth of field, and control is performed in consideration of camera shake. In sports scenes, the shutter speed is controlled to be high so that a moving subject can be clearly captured. . In the night scene, a slow shutter speed is selected so that the night scene can be captured, and the flash is controlled to emit light.

A first screen changing dial 13 for changing the aspect ratio (aspect ratio) of the film photographing screen is provided adjacent to the operation mode dial 1. By setting the dial 13, the aspect ratio at the time of printing the image photographed on the film later is recorded on the recording medium on the film container. That is, when the dial 13 is set to the C position, printing with the normal ratio of the aspect ratio of about 2: 3 is specified, and when the dial 13 is set to the H position, the high-definition ratio of about 9:16 is set to the P position. By setting, a panorama ratio of about 1: 3 is specified.
Further, a second screen changing dial 15 for changing the aspect ratio of the moving image / video shooting screen is provided adjacent to the first screen changing dial 13. By setting this dial to the N position, shooting is performed on the screen with the normal ratio, and by setting it to the H position, shooting is performed on the screen with the high definition ratio.

A release mode switching button 17 is provided in front of the first screen changing dial 13, and each time the button 17 is pressed during film shooting and still image video shooting, a single shot is taken (every time the shutter release button is pressed once). The shooting is sequentially performed for each frame), continuous shooting (shooting is continuously performed while the shutter release button is continuously pressed), and self-timer shooting is sequentially set. The LE installed on the front surface of the main body CB during self-timer shooting
The self-timer lamp 18 composed of D etc. blinks during the delay time.

On the other hand, the grip portion CG is provided in front of the main body portion CB.
A red-eye reduction button 19 is installed in a position close to, and when this button 19 is pressed when film shooting or still image video shooting is performed using a flash, preliminary flash firing is performed before flash firing, The occurrence of red eye phenomenon is suppressed.

As shown in FIG. 1, a stereo microphone 21 is installed on the upper part of the front surface of the main body portion CB for recording a moving image video. A dual-purpose button 23 is installed on the bottom of the main body. The button 23 is pressed in a mode in which moving image video shooting is performed, that is, in the simultaneous shooting mode and the moving image video shooting mode, so that fade-out is started and still image shooting is performed, that is, film shooting mode and still image video. By being pressed in the shooting mode, a so-called preview operation (an operation in which reproduction on the electronic viewfinder is performed under the same conditions as actual shooting and the shooting effect can be confirmed) is performed.

In FIG. 3, an electronic viewfinder FIN made of color liquid crystal is installed on the rear surface of the main body CB. This finder FIN is a pop-up button PU installed on the main body CB and the grip CG, respectively.
1 and PU2 can pop up in two ways. First, as shown in FIG. 7, the electronic viewfinder FIN is biased to move rearward, and is biased to rotate together with the grip portion CG about the upper end as an axis as shown in FIG. Therefore, the lock is released by operating the button PU2, and first, as shown in FIG.
Slide backward as shown in FIG. 8 and then swing as shown in FIG. In this state, shooting at the waist level becomes easy. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, the electronic viewfinder FIN is urged to rotate about the boundary with the grip portion CG as an axis, and swings sideways by operating the button PU1. In this state, shooting at the waist level in vertical shooting becomes easy.

An infinder display switching operation unit 33 is installed at one of the lower parts of the electronic viewfinder FIN, and the operation of the infinder display switching operation unit 33 can switch on / off the message display in the finder FIN. Further, a video volume switching operation section 35 is installed on the other lower side of the electronic viewfinder FIN, and the volume of the reproduced audio can be changed in the video reproduction mode by operating this operation section 35, and at the time of various shooting operations. It is also used for image adjustment such as brightness and color tone of electronic viewfinder FIN. Further, along the lower edge of the electronic viewfinder FIN, operation members for operating rewinding and fast-forwarding of the magnetic tape loaded in the deck portion are arranged.

On the other hand, on the upper part of the grip portion CG, there is provided a record button 25 for starting and ending the moving picture recording by being pressed in the moving picture recording mode, that is, the simultaneous recording mode and the moving picture recording mode. .
The recording button 25 is pressed at the same time as the dual-purpose button 23 in the still image shooting mode, that is, in the still image video shooting mode and the film shooting mode, so that the captured image in the aperture open state is reproduced on the viewfinder FIN. It Further, when the M mode is further set in the still image video shooting mode and the film shooting mode, the aperture value AV can be changed by rotating the exposure mode dial 5 while pressing the recording button 25. You can

An image stabilizing button 27 is installed below the grip portion CG. The camera shake prevention function can be turned on and off by pressing the camera shake prevention button 27 in the moving image and video recording modes, that is, the simultaneous recording mode and the moving image and video recording mode. Further, in the still image shooting mode, that is, in the still image video shooting mode and the film shooting mode, the exposure correction amount can be changed by rotating the exposure mode dial 5 while pressing the button 27.

A flash forced light emission button 29 and a speaker 30 are installed adjacent to the camera shake prevention button 27. In the still image shooting mode, that is, in the still image video shooting mode and the film shooting mode, the flash forced light emission button 29 is pressed to instruct the flash forced light emission, and the flash is always emitted at the time of shooting regardless of the brightness of the subject. Controlled as. If this operation is not performed in the above mode, the flash automatically emits light at low brightness according to the brightness of the subject. In addition, the sound is reproduced from the speaker 30 in the video reproduction mode.

Further, a zoom operation section 31 for changing the focal length of the lens of the taking lens L is installed above the grip section CG. The zoom operation unit 31 is composed of a seesaw-type switch. When the upper end is pressed, the focal length is changed to the telephoto side, and when the lower end is pressed, the focal length is changed to the wide angle side. As shown in FIG. 4, a lid 37 of the battery storage chamber and a tripod mounting screw hole 39 are installed on the bottom surface of the camera. Further, an intermediate rewind button 41 for rewinding the film in the middle of the roll, and an external output port 43 for exchanging data with a device outside the camera are provided.

Returning to FIG. 2, a liquid crystal display section 11 is provided on the upper surface of the grip section CG of the camera C at a position between the shutter release button 3 and the program button 7, and is set by various operations described above. Various modes and parameters are displayed. The form of the display is shown in detail in FIG. That is, an operation mode display portion D1 including C representing various camera photographing modes, V representing video reproduction mode, and E representing edit mode is installed at the upper part. A camera operation mode display section D3 in various camera shooting modes is installed on the left side of the film shooting mode P.
H, moving image video shooting mode MV, and still image video shooting mode SV are displayed. The V display in the still image video shooting mode is also used as the V display in the moving image video shooting mode.
Below the operation mode display portion D1, a tape counter D5 showing the running state of the magnetic tape loaded in the deck portion,
Further, a date display portion D7 is installed below it.

A shooting scene display section D9 is vertically installed at the lower left end of the liquid crystal display section 11, and a pictorial display showing five kinds of shooting scenes of portrait, landscape, close-up, sports and night view is provided. There is. Shooting scene display D
To the right of 9, from the top, a shutter speed display section D11, an exposure correction display section D13, an aperture value / exposure correction value combined display section D15, a red-eye reduction mode display section D17, P ・ S ・ A ・ M.
4 types of exposure mode display section D19, manual focus mode display section D21, battery capacity display section D23, winding mode display section D25, wireless flash display section D
27, a self-timer mode display portion D29, a film counter D31, and a film loading display portion D33 are installed.

Returning to FIG. 2, the photographic lens L mounted on the camera has a focus ring FR for electrically changing the focus state, a zoom ring ZR for electrically changing the focal length, A switching button 45 for switching between automatic focus and manual focus is provided.

Next, the internal structure of the camera of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG.
Shows a general structure of the inside of the camera, and is composed of three units: a camera body C, a taking lens L, and a flash F. The camera body C is controlled by a camera microcomputer C01, the taking lens is controlled by a lens microcomputer L01, and the flash F is controlled by a flash controller F01 including a microcomputer. Each microcomputer has a camera lens indirect point C
30, data is exchanged with each other via the camera flash indirect point C20, and the control in each unit is performed under the instruction of the camera microcomputer C01. A focus motor L09 for focusing the optical system on the taking lens L, and a zoom motor L0 for changing the focal length.
7. A diaphragm L11 and a diaphragm motor L1 for controlling the diaphragm
2 are installed.

In the camera body C, a main mirror C04, which is a semi-transparent mirror that transmits a part of the photographing light beam AX incident from the photographing lens L and reflects the other part upward, is 45 degrees with respect to the photographing light beam AX. It is installed at the angle. An auxiliary mirror C05 is movably installed behind the main mirror C04 so as to be retractable from the optical path, and reflects the light flux transmitted through the main mirror C04 downward. The light flux reflected by the auxiliary mirror C05 travels downward of the camera and enters the focus detection device C02, and the focus state of the taking lens L is detected. The detection result by the focus detection device C02 is transmitted to the camera microcomputer C01, and the information necessary for focusing is transmitted to the lens microcomputer L01 via the contact point C30 between the camera lenses. The lens microcomputer L01 controls the focus motor L09 to focus on the basis of the transmitted information.

On the other hand, a shutter C07 is installed behind the auxiliary mirror C05, and a film F loaded in the camera body C is located behind it. At the time of photographing on the film F, the auxiliary mirror C05 is retracted out of the photographing optical path, and the shutter driving device C06 opens and closes the shutter C07 to perform exposure, and then the film F is fed by the film feeding device C09 for one frame. Will be sent. Further, the light flux reflected by the main mirror C04 goes upward of the camera and forms a primary image at a position equivalent to the film F.

A condenser lens C10 is provided above the position of the primary image, and a mirror C11 having a partial light transmitting property is further provided above the condenser lens C10. This mirror C
The light flux that has passed through 11 enters a brightness measuring device C12 provided on the back surface side of the mirror C11 and is measured. The photometric result is transmitted to the camera microcomputer C01 and used for controlling the shutter driving device C06, and also transmitted from the camera microcomputer C01 to the lens microcomputer L01 to control the diaphragm motor L12 and the diaphragm L1.
1 is driven. The light flux reflected by the mirror C11 travels rearward of the camera and passes through the ND filter C13. The ND filter C13 is provided to adjust only the amount of transmitted light without changing the color balance,
The density varies depending on the position along the surface direction. And
The filter controller C15 including a motor changes its position to change the amount of transmitted light.

The light flux transmitted through the ND filter C13 enters a relay optical system C14 provided behind it. A relay diaphragm C18 is installed in the relay optical system C14, and is controlled by the relay diaphragm controller C19. The relay optical system C14 reduces the primary image in accordance with the size (imaging area) of the image pickup device. The relay optical system C14 passes the optical low-pass filter C16 and the infrared light cut filter C17 to the secondary image on the image pickup surface of the image pickup device C21. Is formed.

The image on the image pickup device C21 is sequentially read by the pulse from the drive pulse generator C23, processed by the image pickup processor C22 and the image processor C24, and displayed on the electronic viewfinder C27 (FIN). At the same time, according to the operation mode at that time, the data is properly recorded on the magnetic tape MT by the magnetic head C26 through the recording / reproducing section C25. The magnetic tape MT is controlled by the tape drive unit C36. Further, the image processed by the image processing unit C24 may be output to the external output port C32 (43) as needed.
Sent to an external device via. Also, the magnetic tape MT
The image recorded on the magnetic head C26,
It is reproduced on the electronic viewfinder C27 (FIN) via the recording / reproducing conversion unit C25 and the image processing unit C22.

On the other hand, the sound collected by the stereo microphone C34 (21) installed on the front surface of the camera body C is processed by the sound processing unit C31, and the recording and reproducing conversion unit C25,
The magnetic tape MT is passed through the magnetic head C26 together with the image.
Recorded above. Also, if necessary, external output port C
It is sent to an external device via 32 (43). Further, the sound recorded on the magnetic tape MT is reproduced by the speaker C33 (30) via the magnetic head C26, the recording / reproducing conversion unit C25, and the sound processing unit C31 as necessary. The above-mentioned respective processes of image pickup, recording and reproduction will be described later with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 11, COP collectively represents the various operating members described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, and C35 represents the liquid crystal display unit 11 described with reference to FIG. is there. The former is the camera microcomputer C
01, and the latter performs display according to the information from the camera microcomputer C01. C03 is for detecting camera shake and transmitting it to the camera microcomputer C01. Further, BAT represents a battery serving as a driving power source for the camera body C and the taking lens L.

Next, the structure of the taking lens L will be described. The taking lens L has a focus ring L06 on the fixed member L13.
(FR), focus encoder L02, zoom ring (ZR) L03, zoom encoder L04, and focal length detection unit L05 are installed. Focus ring L06
Is manually operated, and when the switch button 45 is operated when the manual focus is set, the operation direction and operation amount are detected by the focus encoder L02, and the detection result is sent to the lens microcomputer L01. The focus motor L09 is transmitted and driven.

The zoom ring L03 is also manually operated, and its operating direction and operation amount are detected by the zoom encoder L04, and the detection result is transmitted to the lens microcomputer L01 to drive the zoom motor L07. . It should be noted that the focal length can be changed by an instruction from the camera microcomputer C01 side according to the shooting scene, and at that time, the current set focal length detected by the focal length detection unit L05 and the zoom monitor L08 are used. The zoom control is performed according to the drive amount of the zoom motor L07 to be monitored. Here, FIG. 13 shows only the optical system portion of the above-described configuration in an excerpted manner.

Next, referring to FIG. 12, each process of image pickup, recording and reproduction will be described in detail. In FIG. 12, a portion surrounded by a broken line is a portion related to image processing (video signal photographing unit), and is controlled by an instruction from the camera microcomputer C01. The image on the image sensor C21 is the drive pulse generator C
The pulses from 23 are sequentially read. The read image signal is subjected to analog processing such as sub-sampling (C22-A) in the image pickup processing section C22 based on the pulse from the drive pulse generating section C23, that is, in synchronization with the reading, and the voltage control amplifier C22-C. Is amplified and further analog-to-digital converted in the A / D converter C22-B. The digitally converted image signal is subjected to γ conversion processing by a γ conversion unit C24-A of the image processing unit C24, and separated into a luminance signal (Y) and a chromaticity signal (C) by a Y / C separation unit C24-B. After that, the white balance is adjusted by the WB converting unit C24-C and is temporarily stored in the memory C24-D.

The image signal temporarily stored in the memory C24-D is image-processed by the arithmetic control unit C24-E in accordance with an instruction from the camera microcomputer C01, and the other memory C24-
It is stored in F again. In addition, superimposing section C
In 24-G, data such as characters to be superimposed is added to this image signal by an instruction from the camera microcomputer C01, and the electronic viewfinder C27
Sent to In the electronic viewfinder C27, the converter C27-A converts the received image signal into a signal for driving the liquid crystal, and drives the display C27-B. On the other hand, the image signal stored in the other memory C24-F is sent to the recording / reproducing converter C25, converted into a format suitable for recording, and then recorded on the magnetic tape MT by the magnetic head C26. In addition, the other memory C24-
The image signal from F is also sent to the external output port C32.

In FIG. 12, C31 is a voice processing unit, and the voice collected by the stereo microphone C34 is amplified by the voltage control amplifier C31-A and then A / D.
The conversion unit C31-B performs analog / digital conversion, and further, the processing circuit C31-C performs digital processing such as compression, and then the recording / reconversion unit C25 converts the signal into a signal suitable for recording. Then, the image is recorded on the magnetic tape MT loaded by the magnetic head C26 together with the image.

The image and sound recorded on the magnetic tape MT are read by the magnetic head C26, separated into an image signal and a sound signal by the recording / re-conversion unit C25, and returned to the data in the format before recording. . Then, the image data is transferred to the memory C24-D, and thereafter, the electronic viewfinder C27 is subjected to the same processing as that when the image is captured.
Is displayed. On the other hand, the audio data is transferred to the processing circuit C31-C of the audio processing unit C31, and the D / A conversion unit C31-
Digital / analog conversion at D, output amplifier C31-
It is amplified by E and reproduced from the speaker C33.
The image signal from the memory C24-F and the processing circuit C3
The audio signal from 1-C is also sent to the external output port C32, and is reproduced by a reproducing device such as an external monitor or retouched by a computer, if necessary.

Next, referring to FIG. 14, the relay diaphragm C
The control of 18 will be described. Generally, an image pickup device having a large image pickup area is expensive, and therefore an image pickup device having a considerably small area is used. The comparison is shown in FIG. 29, and it can be seen that even a 1-inch size image pickup device having a large area is considerably smaller than the film photographing screen. The relay optical system C14 is installed as a reduction optical system for adjusting the size of the incident light flux to the imaging area. Generally 1/4 as an image sensor
Since the size of .about.1 / 2 inch is used, the relay optical system has a magnification of about 1/10 to 1/4.

In this embodiment, a relay optical system C14 having a magnification β = 1/4 and an open aperture value F = 1.0 (= a) is used. At this time, as shown in FIG. 14, the light flux from the taking lens TL is directly incident on the relay optical system RL without being diffused on the primary image plane IMG1.
Therefore, of the light fluxes incident from the taking lens TL, the light flux corresponding to a / β = 4.0, that is, F4.0 is used to form the secondary image IMG2 by passing through the relay optical system RL. However, the light flux that passes outside the light flux corresponding to F = 4.0 (the light flux in the shaded portion in the figure) does not enter the image sensor. Therefore, when a photographic lens having an open aperture value brighter than F = 4.0 is used and the aperture is opened beyond F = 4.0, the image sensor C21
The amount of light incident on the film F changes without affecting the image pickup at. Further, in a region darker (closed down) than the aperture value F = 4.0, the aperture L11 of the taking lens L is
And the relay diaphragm C18 perform equivalent functions. In the following description, a shooting lens having an open aperture F = 4.0 is used. Therefore, the number of apertures of the relay aperture and the number of apertures of the aperture of the taking lens are the same, and both apertures perform an equivalent function.

Table 1 below shows the relationship between the aperture values of the relay aperture and the aperture of the taking lens. When the magnification of the relay optical system is β = 1/4, the relay aperture is set to the aperture of the taking lens. It is controlled to a value 4 Ev brighter than the value.

[0047]

[Table 1]

Further, the control of the ND filter C13 will be described with reference to FIG. The ND filter has a disk shape as shown in FIG. 15, and the density, that is, the light transmittance, differs depending on the position in the circumferential direction. N
The density of the D filter is shown by the exposure multiple. That is, ND = 32 (exposure multiple 32 times) along the circumferential direction, 16
(Exposure multiple 16 times), 8 (exposure multiple 8 times), 4 (exposure multiple 4 times), 2 (exposure multiple 2 times) and 0 (exposure multiple 1)
Doubled, that is, transparent).

The ND filter C13 is a filter controller C
By being rotationally driven by the motor of No. 15, the positions having different densities are selectively positioned within the light flux of the relay optical system C14. Further, notches N1 to N6 are formed at the respective density portions of the filter frame, and a position sensor PS for detecting the notches is provided. The position sensor PS in the figure is composed of a photo interrupter, and comprises a light projecting section and a light receiving section. That is, when the notch is located between the light projecting unit and the light receiving unit, it is detected that the light beam from the light projecting unit reaches the light receiving unit, is output from the light receiving unit, and the ND filter C13 is at the predetermined position. To be done.

The density of the ND filter C13 is determined based on Table 1 below. Table 1 shows the densities when the magnification of the relay optical system C14 is β = 1/4 and the sensitivity of the image sensor is equivalent to ISO200.

[0051]

[Table 2]

<Film Shooting Mode> Next, the operation of this embodiment in the film shooting mode will be described with reference to FIGS. To shoot a film, first, the operation mode dial 1 shown in FIG. 2 is set to the PH position (# 10). Then, the camera microcomputer C
01 is a state in which each operation unit of the camera is suitable for film shooting,
That is, it is set to a state in which the function assigned for film photographing is executed when the operation unit having a plurality of functions is operated (# 12). The shooting scene (portrait, etc.) and exposure mode (aperture priority mode, etc.) that have been set when the film shooting mode was selected last time are stored, and are automatically selected at this time. Further, the camera microcomputer C01 reads the sensitivity of the film loaded in the camera (# 14), and the image sensor C
The density of the ND filter C13 is determined based on the difference from the sensitivity of 21 (# 16). Here, the sensitivity of the image sensor is ISO
If the ISO 100 film is loaded, the relay optical system has a magnification of β = 1/4 as described above, so the ND filter should have a density of 8 times the exposure multiple. is necessary. Then, the filter controller C15 is driven based on the determined density, and the ND filter is set (# 18).

Next, the set exposure mode is detected (# 20), and the operation corresponding to each mode is performed. First, when the exposure mode is set to A mode,
The set aperture value is read (# A10). Then, as shown in Table 1 above, the relay aperture C18 is controlled to a value that is 4 Ev brighter than the read aperture value, that is, the value of the aperture L11 of the taking lens L to be controlled. For example, if the setting value of the diaphragm L11 of the photographing lens is F8,
The relay diaphragm C18 is set to F2.8 (# A1).
2).

Next, in FIG. 12, the video signal photographing section surrounded by a broken line is activated (# A14). The light flux incident through the taking lens L shown in FIG. 11 is the above-mentioned main mirror C0.
4, the mirror C11, the ND filter C13, the relay optical system C14, the optical low-pass filter C16, and the infrared light cut filter C17 are incident on the image sensor C21 to be imaged. After imaging, the image signal is the image processing unit C22 of FIG.
After being processed by the image processing section C23, it is displayed on the electronic viewfinder C27 (FIN).

At this time, the camera microcomputer C01 controls the drive pulse generator C23 based on the output of the A / D converter C22-B of the image pickup processor C22, that is, the output of the image pickup device C21.
Is controlled to set the shutter speed (charge accumulation time) of the image sensor C21 (# A15). Then, wait for the photographer to operate the shutter release button 3 (# A1
6).

When the exposure mode is set to the S mode, first, the set shutter speed is read. Then, when the image signal photographing unit is activated (# S12), the light flux incident through the photographing lens L causes the above-mentioned main mirror C04, mirror C11, ND filter C13, relay optical system C14, optical low-pass filter C16, and infrared ray. Light cut filter C
The light enters the image sensor C21 via 17 and is imaged. After imaging, the image signal is processed by the imaging processing unit C22 and the image processing unit C23 in FIG. 12, and then the electronic viewfinder C27.
Displayed in (FIN). At this time, according to the set shutter speed, the camera microcomputer C01 causes the drive pulse generator C2 to
3 to control the shutter speed of the image sensor (charge accumulation time)
Control. In addition, A / of the image pickup processing unit C22 at this time
The relay diaphragm C18 is controlled based on the output of the D conversion unit C22-B, that is, the output of the image sensor C21 (S1).
4). Then, it waits for the photographer to operate the shutter release button 3 (# S16).

When the exposure mode is set to the P mode or the shooting scene is set, after the video signal shooting section is activated (# P10), the image pickup processing section C22.
Output of the A / D converter C22-B, that is, the image sensor C2
Based on the output of No. 1, the shutter speed (charge accumulation time) of the relay diaphragm C18 and the image sensor is controlled according to a predetermined program diagram (# P12). Then, wait for the photographer to operate the shutter release button 3 (# P1
6).

In the case of M mode, the relay diaphragm C1
8 and the shutter speed (charge storage time) of the image sensor C21 are set according to the read set values, and the video signal photographing unit is activated (# M10 to M15). Then, wait for the photographer to operate the shutter release button 3 (#
M16).

Thereafter, the photographer presses the shutter release button 3 to half the depth (# S16, # A16, #).
P16, # M16) (referred to as S1), and FIG.
The focus detection device C02 and the brightness measurement device C12 shown in (4) are activated (# S18-20, # A18-20, # P18).
-20, # M18-20). The focus detection device C02 detects the in-focus state of the taking lens L and sends the result to the camera microcomputer C01, and the camera microcomputer C01 sends a drive instruction signal to the lens microcomputer L01 based on it. The lens microcomputer L01 adds a condition specific to the taking lens L to the drive instruction to perform calculation, and drives the focus motor L09 based on the result (# S2).
2, # A22, # P22, # M22).

On the other hand, the brightness measuring device C12 detects the brightness of the subject and sends the result to the camera microcomputer C01. When the exposure mode is set to the A mode, the shutter speed for photographing on the film is calculated based on the brightness detection result and the set aperture value (# A24), and
The shutter speed (charge accumulation time) of the image sensor C21 is determined so as to be equivalent to the shutter speed (# A2).
6).

When the exposure mode is the S mode, the shutter speed for photographing on the film is set to the set shutter speed, and the shutter speed (charge accumulation) of the image pickup device C21 is set to be equal to the shutter speed. Time) is set. Then, the shutter speed and brightness measuring device C1
The aperture value of the photographic lens is calculated based on the detection result of No. 2 (# S24), and the relay aperture C18 is controlled to be a value 4Ev brighter than the calculated aperture value of the photographic lens (# S26). Further, when the exposure mode is set to the P mode or the shooting scene is set, the shutter speed of the relay diaphragm C18 and the image pickup device (according to a predetermined program diagram) based on the detection result of the luminance measuring device C12 ( Charge storage time) is controlled (# P24-2)
6). In the case of the M mode, control is performed according to the set shutter speed and aperture value, but this is the same as that already performed up to step # M15.

With the above operation, when the photographer presses the shutter release button 3 to the half depth, that is, when the photographing preparation operation is performed, the photographing lens L is used for film photographing without narrowing the diaphragm L11. The result of imaging with the aperture value and shutter speed set accordingly is continuously displayed (in a moving image state) on the electronic viewfinder FIN. That is, a preview (moving image preview) can be performed. Further, the aperture value and the shutter speed which are simultaneously determined are displayed on the electronic viewfinder (# 22). The display of the aperture value is relay aperture C
A value converted into the aperture value of the aperture L11 of the taking lens is displayed instead of the aperture value of 18. Then, in this state, the photographer further presses the shutter release button 3 (this is referred to as S2) or the operation is stopped (the pressing of the shutter release button 3 is stopped and the state of S1 is released). Wait (# 24 and # 30, # 3 in FIG. 17)
1).

On the other hand, when it is desired to observe the preview image as a still image in this state, the dual-purpose button 23 is operated alone as shown in FIG. 17 (# 32).
As a result, the camera microcomputer C01 causes the memory C24-D shown in FIG. 12 to display an image of one field or one frame at the timing when the dual-purpose button 23 is operated.
(# 34). The held image is fixedly displayed on the electronic viewfinder FIN (C27) (still image preview) (# 36). When the dual-purpose button 23 is operated again in this state, the memory C24
The holding of the image in -D is released, the state of the moving image is restored (# 38 to # 39), and the process returns to # 30.

If it is desired to observe an image taken by flash photography, first attach the flash F to the accessory shoe HS and turn on the power of the flash. When the dual-purpose button 23 is operated as in step # 30 in that state, the camera microcomputer C01 first sets the charge accumulation time of the image sensor C21 to a shutter speed (for example, 1/60 second) suitable for flash photography, Flash emission is started in synchronization with the start of charge accumulation.
Then, the brightness measuring device C12 is used to perform photometry,
When the proper exposure is obtained, the flash controller F01 is instructed to stop the flash emission. The image at this time is held in the memory C24-D in step # 32, and in step # 34, the electronic viewfinder FIN (C2
It is fixedly displayed in 7).

Further, when it is desired to observe the viewfinder image with the diaphragm open, as in the case of manually adjusting the focus, the recording button 25 and the dual-purpose button 23 are simultaneously operated (# 32 to # 33). By this operation, the camera microcomputer C01 opens the relay diaphragm C18 (# 4
0). Then, imaging is performed by the light flux incident in that state, and the camera microcomputer C01 controls the drive pulse generation unit C23 based on the output of the A / D conversion unit C22-B of the imaging processing unit C22, that is, the output of the imaging device C21. The shutter speed (charge storage time) of the image sensor C21 is set (# 42). As a result, it is possible to observe an image with the diaphragm L11 of the taking lens L opened (# 4).
6). If the shutter speed set in step # 42 exceeds the controllable range, the density of the ND filter C13 is changed (# 48).

When only the dual-purpose button 23 is operated with the aperture open (# 50), the camera microcomputer C01 returns the state of each part to the original moving image state (# 54), and at the timing of returning, one field or The video for one frame is controlled to be fixed in the memory C24-D in FIG. 24 (# 56). The image recorded in the memory C24-D is displayed as a still image on the electronic viewfinder C27 (FIN) (# 58). As a result, the aperture effect, shutter speed effect, composition, etc. in the still image state can be confirmed with the electronic viewfinder FIN. When the dual-purpose button 23 is pressed again (# 60), the state of the open aperture is restored again (# 6
2). To return to the original moving image state, operate the dual-purpose button 23 while operating the record button 25 again (#
50- # 52). Upon detecting this simultaneous operation, the camera microcomputer C01 resets each unit to the original moving image state and returns to S2 or the state (# 30, # 31) of waiting for the operation to be stopped.

Next, when the photographer presses the shutter release button 3 to the end, that is, in the state of S2, the operation of FIG. 18 is proceeded to. The camera microcomputer C01 detects S2 and narrows down the diaphragm L11 of the taking lens to the set value.
The auxiliary mirror C05 is retracted out of the optical path for photography (# 7
0). Upon receiving the end signal of both operations, the camera microcomputer C01
Instructs the shutter drive device C06 to open the shutter C07 at the set speed. As a result, the shutter C07 is opened and the film F is exposed (# 72). After the shutter C07 is closed, the camera microcomputer C01 opens the diaphragm of the photographing lens and restores the auxiliary mirror (# 76), and instructs the film feeding device C09 to feed one frame of the film. It is sent (# 78). In the case of flash photography, in the sequence described above, the flash controller F01 is instructed to emit the flash F at the timing when the shutter C07 is completely opened, and a signal indicating that a predetermined appropriate exposure amount has been obtained is given. Receive and stop emitting light.

The camera microcomputer C01 has a shutter C07.
The image is controlled to be fixedly stored in the memory C24-D of FIG. 12 at the timing synchronized with the opening of the frame for one field or one frame (# 80). Memory C
The images recorded on 24-D are electronic viewfinder C
The still image is displayed on 27 (FIN) (# 82).
As a result, an image substantially equal to the image shot on the film can be confirmed on the electronic viewfinder FIN. At the same time, this image is sent to the recording / reproducing converter C25 and recorded on the magnetic tape MT. Therefore, if the image recorded on the magnetic tape MT is reproduced, the image recorded several frames before can be confirmed.

For the still image displayed on the electronic viewfinder, S1 is operated again (shutter release button 3
Is pressed halfway) is displayed (# 84). Further, the operation of the video signal photographing unit is stopped while the still image is displayed.

<Movie Video Shooting Mode> Next, the operation of this embodiment in the movie video shooting mode will be described with reference to FIG.
Will be described with reference to. In order to shoot a moving image, first, the operation mode dial 1 shown in FIG. 2 is set to MV (# 110). Then, the camera microcomputer C01
Sets each operation unit of the camera to a state suitable for moving image video shooting (# 112). Shooting scene (portrait, etc.)
The exposure mode (aperture priority mode, etc.) that has been set when the moving image video shooting mode was selected last time is stored, and is automatically selected.

Next, with the diaphragm L11 of the taking lens L kept open, photometry is performed by the luminance measuring device C12 (# 1).
14). Then, the exposure mode that is set is detected ((
120), determine the density of the ND filter according to the exposure mode. That is, first, in the A mode, the density is determined so that the shutter speed becomes 1/60 seconds when the density of the ND filter is converted into the aperture value of the photographing lens for calculation (# A110). If the calculated density exceeds the settable range, the shutter speed is shifted so that the density falls within the settable range.

When the set exposure mode is the S mode, N is set so that the diaphragm L11 of the photographing lens L has a value of F8 to 11 when calculated at the set shutter speed.
The density of the D filter C13 is determined (# S110). If the calculated density exceeds the settable range, the aperture value is shifted so that the density falls within the settable range. When the set exposure mode is the P mode or the shooting scene is set, 1/6
The density of the ND filter C13 is determined such that the diaphragm L11 of the taking lens L has a value of F8 to 11 when calculated at a shutter speed of 0 seconds (# P110). If the calculated density exceeds the settable range, both the aperture value and the shutter speed are shifted so that the density falls within the settable range. Further, when the set exposure mode is the M mode, the ND is set so that the shutter speed and the aperture value are set to the proper exposure value.
The filter density is determined (# M110).

Then, the ND filter is controlled by the filter controller C15 so that the density is determined in each mode (# S116, # A116, # P116, #).
M116), and then the relay diaphragm is narrowed down to the set value / calculated value in each mode (# S118, # A11).
8, # P118, # M118). At the same time, the video signal photographing section is activated, the luminous flux passing through the photographing lens L and the relay optical system C14 is photoelectrically converted by the image sensor C21, and the converted signal is converted into a video signal by the circuit described with reference to FIG. Displayed on FIN (# S1
20, # A120, # P120, # M120).

At this time, the camera microcomputer C01 controls imaging based on the output of the A / D converter C22-B of the imaging processor C22 shown in FIG. 12 (that is, based on the output of the image sensor C21). Set the value. That is, the shutter speed (charge accumulation time) of the image sensor C21 in the A mode, the aperture value of the relay diaphragm C18 in the S mode, and the shutter speed of the image sensor C21 in accordance with a predetermined program diagram in the P mode. Proper imaging is performed by changing the combination of the (charge storage time) and the aperture value of the relay aperture C18. Further, when the control value for performing proper imaging exceeds the controllable range, the amplifier C2
Proper imaging is performed by changing the gain of 2-C. Further, if the brightness of the subject changes largely (for example, 4 Ev or more), the density of the ND filter is changed.

At the same time, the determined aperture value and shutter speed are displayed on the electronic viewfinder (# 122), and further focusing is started. The display of the aperture value is not the aperture value of the relay aperture C18 but the value converted into the aperture value of the aperture L11 of the taking lens. Then, wait for the photographer to operate the record button 25 (# 1
24).

When the record button 25 is operated, the camera microcomputer C01 controls the recording / reproducing section C25, the magnetic head C26, and the tape drive section C36 to record a video signal and an audio signal on the magnetic tape MT (# 126). ). When the recording button 25 is operated again during recording, recording is stopped (# 128 to # 130). Note that when the shutter release button 3 is pressed in a state where no video is recorded, shooting on the film is possible, but details thereof will be omitted.

<Simultaneous shooting mode> Next, the operation of the present embodiment in the simultaneous shooting mode will be described with reference to FIGS. To perform simultaneous shooting, first see Figure 2.
Set the operation mode dial 1 shown in to PM ((#
210). Then, the camera microcomputer C01 sets each operation unit of the camera to a state suitable for simultaneous shooting (# 21).
2). The shooting scene (portrait, etc.) and exposure mode (aperture priority mode, etc.) that were set when the previous simultaneous shooting mode was selected are stored, and are automatically selected.

Next, with the aperture L11 of the taking lens L being kept open, photometry is performed by the luminance measuring device C12 (# 2).
Along with 14), the sensitivity of the film loaded in the camera is detected (# 216). Then, the set exposure mode is detected (# 220), and the density of the ND filter corresponding to the exposure mode is determined. That is, first, in the A mode, the density of the ND filter is determined from the aperture value and film sensitivity of the set photographing lens (# A210).

When the set exposure mode is the S mode, N is calculated from the set shutter speed and film sensitivity.
The density of the D filter is determined (# S210). When the set exposure mode is the P mode or the shooting scene is set, the shutter speed and the aperture are set in the same manner as the program diagram of the film shooting mode or according to an approximate (difference of maximum 1 Ev) diagram. The value and the density of the ND filter are determined (# P210). If the exposure mode that has been set is the M mode, the density of the ND filter is determined so that the shutter speed that has been set and the aperture value that has been set will provide the correct exposure value (# M210).

Then, the ND filter is controlled by the filter controller C15 so that the density is determined in each mode (# S216, # A216, # P216, #).
M216), and then the relay diaphragm is narrowed down to the set value / calculated value in each mode (# S218, # A218, #P).
218, # M218). At the same time, the video signal photographing unit is activated, the luminous flux passing through the photographing lens L and the relay optical system C14 is photoelectrically converted by the image pickup device C21, and the converted signal is converted into a video signal by the circuit of the video signal photographing unit, and the electronic viewfinder is displayed. Displayed on FIN (# S220, # A2
20, # P220, # M220) and focusing is started.

At this time, the camera microcomputer C01 controls the image pickup based on the output of the A / D converter C22-B of the image pickup processor C22 shown in FIG. 12 (that is, based on the output of the image pickup element C21). Set the value. That is, the shutter speed (charge accumulation time) of the image sensor C21 in the A mode, the aperture value of the relay diaphragm C18 in the S mode, and the shutter speed of the image sensor C21 in accordance with a predetermined program diagram in the P mode. Proper imaging is performed by changing the combination of the (charge storage time) and the aperture value of the relay aperture C18. Further, when the control value for performing proper imaging exceeds the controllable range, the amplifier C2
Proper imaging is performed by changing the gain of 2-C. If the brightness of the subject changes significantly (for example, 4 Ev or more), the density of the ND filter is also changed.

At the same time, the determined aperture value and shutter speed are displayed on the electronic viewfinder (# 222).
The display of the aperture value is not the aperture value of the relay aperture C18 but the value converted into the aperture value of the aperture L11 of the taking lens. Then, it waits for the photographer to operate the record button 25 (# 224).

When the recording button 25 is operated, the camera microcomputer C01 controls the recording / reproducing section C25, the magnetic head C26, and the tape driving section C36 to record a video signal and an audio signal on the magnetic tape MT (# 226). ). When the recording button 25 is operated again during the recording, the recording is stopped (# 240 to # 242).

In the moving image video mode, the film can be photographed only in a state where no recording is made, that is, the recording and the film photographing can be performed individually, but in this mode, they can be performed simultaneously. That is, when the photographer presses the shutter release button 3 halfway after the start of recording (# 226 and thereafter), that is, when the state of S1 is reached (# 225), luminance measurement and focus detection are performed again, and the shutter speed is changed. And aperture value are determined (# 22
7). Then, the photographer presses the shutter release button 3 to the end, that is, the state of S2 is reached (# 228).
Then, the camera microcomputer C01 detects it, narrows down the diaphragm L11 of the photographing lens to the set value, and retracts the auxiliary mirror C05 to the outside of the photographing optical path (# 230). Upon receiving the end signals of both operations, the camera microcomputer C01 releases the shutter C0 at the speed set for the shutter drive device C06.
7 is instructed to be opened, and this instruction is performed at the timing synchronized with the image pickup by the image pickup device (# 232). As a result, the shutter C07 is opened and the film F is exposed.

After the shutter C07 is closed (# 234), the camera microcomputer C01 opens the diaphragm of the taking lens and restores the auxiliary mirror (# 236), and instructs the film feeding device C09 to feed one frame of film. Then
The film is advanced by one frame (# 238). In the case of flash photography, in the sequence described above, the flash controller F is opened at the timing when the shutter C07 is completely opened.
01 is instructed to emit the flash F, and a signal indicating that a predetermined appropriate exposure amount is obtained is received to stop the emission.

On the other hand, the camera microcomputer C01 uses the shutter C
Data of the film number representing the film loaded at that time and the frame number of the film are added to the video signal for one field captured at the timing synchronized with the opening of 07 and recorded on the magnetic tape MT ( # 24
4). This allows the image taken on the film to be confirmed on the electronic viewfinder before the film is developed. In this shooting mode, film shooting is possible even when the shutter release button 3 is pressed in the non-recording state, but detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment, the aperture value is set so that all the light flux that has passed through the aperture of the taking lens can pass through the relay optical system. However, in the following embodiments, a part of the light flux that has passed through the aperture of the taking lens. Is set to a value that does not pass through the relay optical system. The other internal structure of the camera is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 and 15.

As shown in FIG. 22, in this embodiment, a relay optical system having a magnification of β = 1/8 and a relay aperture having an open aperture value of F = 2.0 (= a) is used. As the photographic lens, an open aperture value of F = 4.0 is used as in the first embodiment. As shown in the figure, the light flux from the taking lens TL is directly incident on the relay optical system RL without being diffused on the primary image plane IMG1. Therefore, of the luminous fluxes incident from the taking lens TL, the luminous flux corresponding to a / β = 16.0, that is, F16.0 is used to form the secondary image IMG2 by passing through the relay optical system RL. However, the light flux that passes outside the light flux corresponding to F = 16.0 (the light flux in the shaded portion in the figure) does not enter the image sensor. Therefore, when the aperture of the taking lens is opened beyond F = 16.0, the image pickup device C2
Film F without any influence on the image pickup at 1
The amount of light incident on is changed. Further, in a region darker (closed down) than the aperture value F = 16.0, the aperture L of the taking lens L is
11 and the relay diaphragm C18 perform equivalent functions.

Therefore, the aperture L11 of the taking lens is set to F4 to
When controlled between 16, the amount of incident light on the film can be controlled without changing the amount of incident light on the image sensor C21. In addition, regardless of the aperture value of the taking lens, only a light flux having a smaller aperture than F = 16 is incident on the image sensor, so that the captured image is always close to a pan focus having a large depth of field.

<Film Shooting Mode> Next, the operation of the present embodiment in the film shooting mode will be described with reference to FIGS. To shoot a film, first, the operation mode dial 1 shown in FIG. 2 is set to the PH position (# 310). Then, the camera microcomputer C01 puts each operation unit of the camera into a state suitable for film shooting, that is, a state in which a function assigned for film shooting is executed when an operation unit having a plurality of functions is operated. Set (# 312). The shooting scene (portrait, etc.) and exposure mode (aperture priority mode, etc.)
The one that was set when the film shooting mode was selected last time is stored, and at this time, it is automatically selected. The camera microcomputer C01 also reads the sensitivity of the film loaded in the camera (# 31
4) Start photometry by the brightness measuring device (# 316), and perform ND based on the difference between the film sensitivity and the sensitivity of the image sensor C21.
The density of the filter C13 is determined (# 318). Then, based on the determined concentration, the filter control device C15
Is driven and the ND filter is set (# 320).

Regardless of the exposure mode set next, the shutter speed (charge accumulation time) is determined from the measured brightness and the program diagram set for film shooting (# 322), and the video signal is set. Start the imaging unit (# 3
24). The light flux incident through the taking lens L is the above-mentioned main mirror C04, mirror C11, ND filter C13,
A relay optical system C14, an optical low pass filter C16,
The light enters the image sensor C21 through the infrared light cut filter C17 and is imaged. After the image capturing, the image signal is processed by the image capturing processing unit C22 and the image processing unit C23 in FIG. 12, and then displayed on the electronic viewfinder C27 (FIN). Then, the aperture value of the relay aperture is determined based on the output of the A / D conversion unit C22-B of the image pickup processing unit C22, that is, the output of the image pickup element C21. At this time, if the brightness is low and the aperture value is out of the controllable range, the shutter speed (charge accumulation time) may be shifted by about 1 Ev. At this point, the aperture of the taking lens remains open. In this state, the photographer waits for the shutter release button 3 to be operated (# 326).

After that, when the photographer presses the shutter release button 3 to the half depth, that is, in the state of S1, the focus detecting device C02 and the brightness measuring device C12 shown in FIG. 11 are activated (# 328 to #). 330). The focus detection device C02 detects the in-focus state of the taking lens L and sends the result to the camera microcomputer C01.
A drive instruction signal is sent to 01. The lens microcomputer L01 adds a condition peculiar to the taking lens L to the drive instruction to perform calculation, and drives the focus motor L09 based on the result (# 332).

Further, the shutter speed is determined based on the result of photometry by the brightness measuring device C12 (# 334), and the image pickup device C21 is adjusted with the charge accumulation time corresponding to the shutter speed.
(# 336) and also controls the relay diaphragm C18 based on the output from the image sensor C21 (# 33).
7). Then, the captured image is displayed on the electronic viewfinder (# 338). In addition, the aperture value and the shutter speed that are simultaneously determined are displayed on the electronic viewfinder (# 340). The display of the aperture value is relay aperture C
Instead of the aperture value of 18, the set aperture value of the aperture L11 of the taking lens is displayed. Then, in this state, the photographer further presses the shutter release button 3, that is, the state of S2 or waits for the operation to be stopped (FIG. 2).
4 # 342, # 344).

On the other hand, when it is desired to observe the preview image as a still image in this state, the dual-purpose button 23 is operated independently as shown in FIG. 24 (# 34).
6). As a result, the camera microcomputer C01 causes the memory C2 shown in FIG. 12 to display an image of one field or one frame at the timing when the dual purpose button 23 is operated.
It is instructed to be held in 4-D (# 348). The held image is fixedly displayed on the electronic viewfinder FIN (C27) (still image preview) (# 35).
0). When the dual-purpose button 23 is operated again in this state, the holding of the image in the memory C24-D is released, the state becomes the moving image state again (# 352 to # 354), and it waits for the state of S2 again or the release of S1. Return to the state.

When it is desired to observe an image taken by flash photography, the flash F is first attached to the accessory shoe HS, and the power of the flash is turned on. When the dual-purpose button 23 is operated in that state, the camera microcomputer C01 first sets the charge accumulation time of the image sensor C21 to a shutter speed (for example, 1/60) suitable for flash photography.
Second), and flash light emission is started in synchronization with the start of charge accumulation. And the brightness measuring device C1
The photometry is performed by 2 and the flash controller F01 is instructed to stop the flash emission when the proper exposure is obtained. The image at this time is stored in the memory C24-D in step # 32, and the electronic viewfinder FIN is displayed.
It is fixedly displayed at (C27).

Next, when the photographer presses the shutter release button 3 to the end, that is, in the state of S2, the camera microcomputer C01 detects it and narrows the diaphragm L11 of the photographing lens to the set value as shown in FIG. The auxiliary mirror C05 is retracted out of the photographing optical path (# 356). Upon receiving the end signals of both operations, the camera microcomputer C01 releases the shutter C0 at the speed set for the shutter drive device C06.
Instruct to open 7. As a result, the shutter C07 is opened and the film F is exposed (# 35).
8). After the shutter C07 is closed, the camera microcomputer C01 opens the diaphragm of the taking lens and restores the auxiliary mirror (# 360 to # 362).
09 is instructed to feed the film by one frame, and the film is fed by one frame (# 364). In the case of flash photography, in the sequence described above, the flash controller F01 is instructed to emit the flash F at the timing when the shutter C07 is completely opened, and a signal indicating that a predetermined appropriate exposure amount has been obtained is given. Receive and stop emitting light.

The camera microcomputer C01 has a shutter C07.
Control is performed so that the image of one field or one frame at a timing synchronized with the opening of the image is fixedly stored in the memory C24-D of FIG. 12 (# 366). The image recorded in the memory C24-D is displayed as a still image on the electronic viewfinder C27 (FIN) (# 36).
8). As a result, an image substantially equal to the image shot on the film can be confirmed on the electronic viewfinder FIN. At the same time, this image is sent to the recording / reproducing converter C25 and recorded on the magnetic tape MT. Therefore, if the image recorded on the magnetic tape MT is reproduced, the image recorded several frames before can be confirmed.

The still image displayed on the electronic viewfinder is displayed until S1 is reached again (the shutter release button 3 is pressed halfway) (# 370). Further, the operation of the video signal photographing unit is stopped while the still image is displayed.

<Movie Video Shooting Mode> Next, the operation of this embodiment in the movie video shooting mode will be described with reference to FIG.
Will be described with reference to. To shoot a moving image video, first, the operation mode dial 1 shown in FIG. 2 is set to MV (# 410). Then, the camera microcomputer C01
Sets each operation unit of the camera to a state suitable for moving image video shooting (# 412). Shooting scene (portrait, etc.)
The exposure mode (aperture priority mode, etc.) that was set when the previous movie video shooting mode was selected is stored and is automatically selected. At this time, the exposure mode is the P mode or Only the S mode can be controlled, and when the M mode or the A mode is selected, the P mode is forcibly controlled. When the M mode or the A mode is selected, a warning may be displayed and the operation may be stopped.

Next, with the diaphragm L11 of the taking lens L kept open, photometry is performed by the luminance measuring device C12 (# 4).
14). Then, the exposure mode that is set is detected ((
420), determine the density of the ND filter according to the exposure mode. That is, when the set exposure mode is the S mode, the density of the ND filter is determined so that the relay diaphragm has a value at the midpoint of the controllable range when calculated at the set shutter speed ( # S410). If the calculated density exceeds the settable range, the aperture value is shifted so that the density falls within the settable range.

When the set exposure mode is the P mode or the shooting scene is set, the relay aperture is set to the value of the intermediate point of the controllable range when calculated at the shutter speed of 1/60 seconds. The density of the ND filter is determined so as to satisfy (# P410). If the calculated density exceeds the settable range, both the aperture value and the shutter speed are shifted so that the density falls within the settable range.

Then, the ND filter is controlled by the filter control device C15 so as to obtain the density determined in each mode, and then the relay diaphragm is narrowed down to each set value (# S416 to # S418, # P416 to # S41).
8,). At the same time, the video signal shooting unit starts up and the shooting lens L
And the light flux that has passed through the relay optical system C14
Is photoelectrically converted, and the converted signal is converted into a video signal by the circuit of the video signal photographing unit described with reference to FIG. 12 and displayed on the electronic viewfinder FIN (# S420,
# P420). At this time, focusing is started.

At this time, the camera microcomputer C01 controls the image pickup based on the output of the A / D converter C22-B of the image pickup processor C22 shown in FIG. 12 (that is, based on the output of the image pickup element C21). Set the value. That is, in the S mode, the aperture value of the relay aperture C18 is changed, and in the P mode, the combination of the shutter speed (charge accumulation time) of the image sensor C21 and the aperture value of the relay aperture C18 is changed according to a predetermined program diagram. By doing so, proper imaging is performed. If the brightness of the subject is large (eg 4 Ev
When the above changes, the density of the ND filter is also changed. At the same time, the determined shutter speed is displayed on the electronic viewfinder (# 422). Then, it waits for the photographer to operate the record button 25 (# 424).

When the record button 25 is operated, the camera microcomputer C01 controls the recording / reproducing section C25, the magnetic head C26, and the tape drive section C36 to record a video signal and an audio signal on the magnetic tape MT (# 426). ). When the recording button 25 is operated again in the recording state, the recording is stopped (# 428 to # 430). Note that when the shutter release button 3 is pressed in a state where no video is recorded, shooting on the film is possible, but details thereof will be omitted.

<Simultaneous shooting mode> Next, the operation of this embodiment in the simultaneous shooting mode will be described with reference to FIGS. 27 to 28. To perform simultaneous shooting, first see Figure 2.
Set the operation mode dial 1 shown in to PM ((#
510). Then, the camera microcomputer C01 sets each operation unit of the camera to a state suitable for simultaneous shooting (# 51).
2). The shooting scene (portrait, etc.) and exposure mode (aperture priority mode, etc.) that were set when the previous simultaneous shooting mode was selected are stored and are automatically selected. Only the P mode or the S mode can be controlled as the exposure mode, and when the M mode or the A mode is selected, the exposure mode is forcibly controlled to the P mode. When the M mode or the A mode is selected, a warning may be displayed and the operation may be stopped.

Next, with the diaphragm L11 of the taking lens L kept open, photometry is performed by the luminance measuring device C12 (# 5).
14). Then, the exposure mode that is set is detected ((
520), determine the density of the ND filter according to the exposure mode. That is, when the preset exposure mode is the S mode, the density of the ND filter is determined so that the relay aperture has a value at the midpoint of the controllable range when calculated at the set shutter speed ( # S510). If the calculated density exceeds the settable range, the aperture value is shifted so that the density falls within the settable range.

When the set exposure mode is the P mode or the shooting scene is set, the relay aperture is set to the value of the intermediate point of the controllable range when calculated at the shutter speed of 1/60 seconds. The density of the ND filter is determined so that it becomes (# P510). If the calculated density exceeds the settable range, both the aperture value and the shutter speed are shifted so that the density falls within the settable range.

Then, the ND filter is controlled by the filter control device C15 so as to obtain the density determined in each mode, and then the relay diaphragm is narrowed down to each set value (# S516 to # S518, # P516 to # S51).
8,). At the same time, the video signal shooting unit starts up and the shooting lens L
And the light flux that has passed through the relay optical system C14
Is photoelectrically converted, and the converted signal is converted into a video signal by the circuit of the video signal photographing unit described with reference to FIG. 12 and displayed on the electronic viewfinder FIN (# S520,
# P520). At this time, focusing is started.

At this time, the camera microcomputer C01 controls the image pickup based on the output of the A / D converter C22-B of the image pickup processor C22 shown in FIG. 12 (that is, based on the output of the image pickup element C21). Set the value. That is, in the S mode, the aperture value of the relay aperture C18 is changed, and in the P mode, the combination of the shutter speed (charge accumulation time) of the image sensor C21 and the aperture value of the relay aperture C18 is changed according to a predetermined program diagram. By doing so, proper imaging is performed. If the brightness of the subject is large (eg 4 Ev
When the above changes, the density of the ND filter is also changed. At the same time, the determined shutter speed is displayed on the electronic viewfinder (# 522). Then, it waits for the photographer to operate the record button 25 (# 524).

When the record button 25 is operated, the camera microcomputer C01 controls the recording / reproducing section C25, the magnetic head C26, and the tape drive section C36 to record a video signal and an audio signal on the magnetic tape MT (# 526). ). When the recording button 25 is operated again in the recording state, the recording is stopped (# 540 to # 542).

In the moving picture video mode, film shooting is possible only in a state where no recording is made, that is, recording and film shooting can be performed individually, but in this mode, they can be performed simultaneously. That is, when the photographer presses the shutter release button 3 halfway in the state after the start of recording (# 526 and thereafter), that is, in the state of S1 (# 525), luminance measurement and focus detection are performed again, and the shutter speed is changed. And the aperture value are determined (# 52
7). When the photographer presses the shutter release button 3 to the end (# 528), the camera microcomputer C01
Detects this and narrows down the diaphragm L11 of the photographing lens to the set value, and retracts the auxiliary mirror C05 to the outside of the photographing optical path (# 530). In response to the end signal of both operations, the camera microcomputer C01 instructs the shutter drive device C06 to open the shutter C07 at the set speed, and this instruction is performed at the timing synchronized with the image pickup by the image pickup element (# 532). This causes the shutter C07
And the film F is exposed. After the shutter C07 is closed in the camera microcomputer C01 (# 53
4) The aperture of the taking lens is opened and the auxiliary mirror is returned (# 536), the film feeding device C09 is instructed to feed the film by one frame, and the film is fed by one frame (# 538). In the case of flash photography, in the sequence described above, the flash controller F01 is instructed to emit the flash F at the timing when the shutter C07 is completely opened, and a signal indicating that a predetermined appropriate exposure amount has been obtained is given. Receive and stop emitting light.

On the other hand, the camera microcomputer C01 uses the shutter C
The video signal for one field, which is picked up at the timing synchronized with the opening of 07, is recorded on the magnetic tape MT with the film number showing the film loaded at that time and the frame number of the film attached (# 544). ). This allows the image taken on the film to be confirmed on the electronic viewfinder before the film is developed.

[0113]

According to the structure of the present invention, by operating the second diaphragm arranged in the image pickup optical path of the image pickup device, the same photographing effect (diaphragm effect) as that of the image recorded on the photosensitive recording medium is obtained. It is possible to observe the image that the user has on the electronic viewfinder. At this time, since the first diaphragm is not narrowed down, focus detection is not affected. Further, the amount of light incident on the image sensor, which changes depending on the aperture, can be adjusted by changing the charge storage time (electronic shutter speed) on the image sensor.

Furthermore, by fixedly displaying the image of one field or one frame captured by the image sensor on the electronic viewfinder, the photographing effect can be confirmed in a stationary state. Alternatively, an image having the same shooting effect (shutter speed effect) as the image recorded on the photosensitive recording medium can be observed on the electronic viewfinder by adjusting the charge accumulation time (electronic shutter speed) to the image sensor. . This is especially useful when checking the shooting effect in a stationary state. In addition, the output of the image sensor, which changes according to the change in the accumulation time, can be adjusted by operating the second diaphragm.

Further, by adjusting the density of the density changeable filter, the difference between the sensitivity of the photosensitive recording medium and the sensitivity of the image pickup device is compensated, and the narrowing equivalent to the narrowing at the time of recording on the photosensitive recording medium is performed. And an appropriate shooting effect is observed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the above embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an operation of loading a magnetic tape in the above embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a rear view showing the operation of loading the magnetic tape in the above embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a finder slid in the above-described embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the finder rotated in the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the finder rotated in another manner in the above embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a state of a display unit in the above embodiment.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an internal configuration in the embodiment.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing an internal circuit configuration in the embodiment.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram simply showing FIG. 11.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing an optical path in the above embodiment.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a filter in the above embodiment.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the above embodiment.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the above embodiment.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the above embodiment.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the above embodiment.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the above embodiment.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the above embodiment.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing an optical path in another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the other embodiment.

FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the other embodiment.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the other embodiment.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the other embodiment.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the other embodiment.

FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the other embodiment.

FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram comparing the sizes of a film and an image sensor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 L11: First aperture L: Photographing optical system F: Photosensitive recording medium C21: Image sensor C18: Second aperture C01, C23, L01, L12: Setting means FIN, C27: Electronic viewfinder C01: Control means C13: Filter

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A light beam incident through an image-taking optical system including a first diaphragm is split, one light beam is used to image a photosensitive recording medium, and the other light beam is imaged by an image sensor to be imaged. A camera capable of observing an image with an electronic viewfinder, having setting means for setting an aperture value of the first aperture stop and a second aperture stop installed in the other light beam, The first aperture is operated based on the setting of the setting means during the image pickup of, and the second aperture is operated based on the setting of the setting means during a period other than during the image pickup onto the photosensitive recording medium. An image observation apparatus for a camera, wherein an image is captured by the image sensor and the captured image is displayed on an electronic viewfinder. 2. The camera according to claim 1, further comprising electronic shutter control means for controlling a charge accumulation time to the image pickup device in association with the operation of the second diaphragm. Image observation device. 3. A light beam incident through an image-taking optical system is split, and one light beam is used to capture an image on a photosensitive recording medium via a shutter, and the other light beam is used to capture an image by an image sensor. A camera observable with an electronic viewfinder has setting means for setting a control shutter speed of the shutter, and when the image is taken on the photosensitive recording medium, the shutter is operated based on the setting of the setting means, and A camera characterized by controlling the charge accumulation time of the image sensor based on the setting of the setting means during a period other than the time of capturing an image on a recording medium to capture an image and displaying the captured image on an electronic viewfinder. Image observation device. 4. The image observation of the camera according to claim 3, wherein the camera further includes an aperture in the other light beam that operates in association with control of the charge storage time of the image pickup device. apparatus. 5. The image observation apparatus for a camera according to claim 1, wherein the camera further has a density-changeable filter in an image pickup optical path of the image pickup device.