JPH0969798A - Portable radio machine and radio communication system using this machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To inexpensively make a system small-sized and light-weight by providing a signal conversion means in the signal input/output part of an IC chip and transmitting signals between chips by optical signals to prevent radiation of unnecessary electric signals and interference from the outside by a simple effective shield method. SOLUTION: In an IC chip 1701, signals are transmitted between elements by electric means. The electric signal processed by the IC chip 1701 is sent to a photoelectric conversion means 1706 through a through hole 1705. In this element 1706, the quantity of emitted light is changed by the magnitude of the electric signal applied from the IC chip 1701, and the electromotive force is changed by the quantity of light inputted to the element from the outside of the IC chip. The signal which is converted from the electric energy into the optical energy by the photoelectric conversion element 1706 passes the inside of an optical fiber 1710 from an aperture part 1711 and is inputted to a photoelectric conversion element 1712 of an IC chip 1702. The photoelectric conversion element 1712 generates an electric signal in accordance with the quantity of inputted light, and this signal is sent to the IC chip 1702.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mobile communication field, and more particularly to a wireless communication system for realizing a compact, lightweight, low-cost wireless device and a portable wireless device used therein.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a portable wireless device is required to be compact and lightweight for easy carrying. In addition, lowering the price of terminals is also a problem in order to increase the number of users. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to reduce the number of parts and the system load.

First of all, a shield material is mentioned as a component which hinders downsizing, weight reduction and cost reduction of portable radios. Hereinafter, a conventional technique for the shield will be described.

Usually, a radio device is generally shielded. The purpose of this shield is roughly divided into (1)
It can be roughly divided into two types: one that prevents unwanted radio waves inside the terminal from radiating to the outside (unwanted radiation to the outside of the housing), and (2) that blocks interference waves that enter the radio from the outside of the terminal. .

The reason why the shield in the case of (1) is necessary will be described. FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a phenomenon in which unnecessary radio waves inside the self terminal are radiated to the outside. In FIG. 15, the parts that may emit unnecessary radio waves include a high frequency frequency synthesizer (1520) that is an oscillation source, an intermediate frequency stage oscillator (1521), and a reference clock oscillator (1522).
Etc. Taking a specific frequency as an example, a cordless telephone with a reception frequency (1523 part) of 1.9 GHz band (transmission speed of about 200 Kbps) has a transmission / reception first intermediate frequency (1524 part) of 200 to 300 MHz. , Send and receive second
If the intermediate frequency (1525 part) is a radio device of about 50 to 100 MHz, the high frequency synthesizer (1520)
1.6 ~ 1.7GHz, intermediate frequency stage oscillator (1521)
The frequency is about 150 to 200MHz. Also, the reception frequency 90
For mobile phones in the 0MHz band (transmission speed of about 40Kbps), the above figure is about half the value. Reference clock oscillator (152
Since 2) is used at 100 times the transmission speed,
The frequency is around 20MHz for cordless phones and around 4MHz for mobile phones.

In a wireless communication system in which such a wireless device is used, wireless terminals of the same system in the vicinity are the same for all terminals, not to mention the wireless frequency band (1523), and even if the manufacturers of the terminals are different. Also, the first and second intermediate frequencies (1524,
1525) is likely to be used. Therefore, the above-mentioned high frequency frequency synthesizer (1520), intermediate frequency stage oscillator (1521), reference clock oscillator (152
2) If all three leak to the outside of the housing (1527), they become an interference wave for other wireless terminals, which lowers the so-called C / I and causes deterioration of the reception state.

Next, a situation where the radiation from the housing affects the radio will be described from the viewpoint of the time axis. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a frame structure of TDMA communication of the wireless communication system.
Here, it is assumed that the terminal A is a radio device that generates unnecessary radio waves and the terminal B is a radio device that is affected by unnecessary radio waves. In this figure, R1, R2, and R3 are reception slots (201), T1,
T2 and T3 (202) are transmission slots, for example,
When received in the R1 slot, transmission is performed in the T1 slot, so-called ping-pong transmission (Time Division Dupl
ex: TDD) is assumed. Here, the frames of the terminals in the system are synchronized (203), and the reception slot (201) and the transmission slot (2
02) does not overlap in time. Even in such a case, the oscillation source (120,
When the frequencies of 121 and 122 are the same, radio wave interference occurs between the terminal A and the terminal B. For example, even when each terminal (terminals A and B in this example) is in the reception R1 state, the high frequency frequency synthesizer (120) and the intermediate frequency stage oscillator (1
21), since the reference clock oscillator (122) is in the operating state, if the shield for each oscillation source of the terminal A is not sufficient, as shown in FIG.
3) and terminal B (304) are in close proximity,
The unnecessary radio wave is emitted (305) from the terminal A (303) to the terminal B (304), and the reception characteristic of the terminal B is deteriorated. Generally, in a TDD system, receive slots R1, R2, R
Since 3 and the like are separately allocated to each terminal, different slots such as R1 for terminal A and R2 for terminal B are allocated during a normal call, and such interference between terminals does not pose a problem.

However, when each terminal is in a standby state, each terminal is in a paging state for receiving a control signal (302) transmitted from the wireless base station (301) to all terminals. In this case, the same reception slot (for example, R1) may be received by different terminals, which may cause the above-mentioned radio wave interference. Needless to say, it is necessary to provide a shield to reduce unnecessary radiation from the oscillation source, and conversely, it is also necessary to provide a shield to the terminal B to reduce unnecessary radio waves to the terminal A. Nor.

The above is the interference at the time of reception, but naturally, also at the time of transmission, radio wave interference due to unnecessary radiation occurs between terminals. This is radiation after the radiation itself is amplified by a power amplifier or the like, so at the time of reception. The emission level is larger than that of the reception level, which is a larger problem than the reception level. For example, in FIG. 2, the transmission frame (2
02), when the terminal A and the terminal B are transmitting using the same T1 slot, for example, the terminal A and the terminal B are close to each other, and the shielding effect against unnecessary radiation radiated to the outside by the mutual terminals is provided. If not enough, for example, unwanted radiation from the terminal A enters the wireless unit through a gap between the antenna (1501) of the terminal B or the outside of the housing (1527), an interface connector, a microphone, a speaker (1526), and the like. , A high frequency synthesizer of terminal B (152
0) and the power amplifier (1512) and the like, causing problems such as deterioration of transmission modulation accuracy and deterioration of C / N of the high frequency synthesizer.

The frequencies that may be radiated to the outside of the housing of the radio device as described above include the frequencies such as the radio frequency, the intermediate frequency, and the clock frequency, as well as the harmonic frequency and the low frequency of the oscillation source of these frequencies. Wave frequencies and other secondary and third-order components newly generated by these components and non-linear distortion of the radio section
Higher-order nonlinear distortion components of the 4th, 5th, ... Can be considered, and these are generally called spurious emissions.

The shield for preventing unnecessary radio waves inside the self-terminal from radiating to the outside has been described above in (1), but conversely, it is necessary to reduce the interference of external radio waves.
It goes without saying that it is a shield that is used to prevent interference waves that enter the inside of the wireless device from outside the terminal (2).

As described above, the shield is indispensable also in the radio equipment used in the radio communication system in which the synchronization state is generally maintained through the terminal of the slave station.

As described above, the radio device is usually provided with a shield for a portion that radiates radio waves or a portion that is not resistant to interference waves. Shielding is performed by covering a necessary portion with a conductor based on the principle of electrostatic shielding, which is called electromagnetism. At this time, in order to complete the shield, in principle, it is necessary to cover the required portions without gaps with a conductor having a high conductivity.

Since other radio communication systems, televisions, radio broadcast waves, etc. have different radio frequency bands, a radio frequency band provided in an ordinary radio device, a band filter in an intermediate frequency band, and channel selection. Although it can be sufficiently reduced by a filter etc., as mentioned above, in order to reduce unnecessary radio waves from radio equipment used in close frequency bands in the same system, the frequency of the desired wave and the unnecessary wave should be reduced. Since they are close to each other or almost the same, it is impossible to use the bandpass filter as described above. Therefore, in the past, in order to prevent the interference wave, there was no choice but to provide a shield.

However, even if the shield is applied, it is effective to shield unnecessary radiation of interference waves in the intermediate frequency band (1524, 1525) which is not directly connected to the antenna (1501), but it is effective to Regarding the interference in the frequency band, there is a problem that even if the outer casing is covered with a shield, unnecessary radiation is generated from the antenna (1501), and it is difficult to maintain the shielding effect.

Further, the intermediate frequency band (1524, 152
Regarding the unwanted radiation of 5), there is also a problem that it is radiated from the antenna to the outside of the housing due to the wraparound of the antenna (1501) from the power supply line or the like inside the housing.

Moreover, such a shield material is usually heavier as the effect thereof is increased.
It needed to be big, thick, or multi-ply, and wasn't a good fit for a handheld device where very cheap, small, and lightweight were desirable.

Next, FIG. 4 shows a connection diagram of actual parts in a conventional portable radio device, and a conventional shielding method performed there will be described.

In the conventional portable wireless device, the components 401 and 402 constituting the device are connected by the conductor wiring 403,
Transmission of signals between parts was performed by electrical means. When the length of the wiring for transmitting a signal by such an electric means is 1 [m], then 1 / n [m]
For an AC signal having a wavelength of (n is a natural number), since the conductor wiring 403 serves as an antenna, a wavelength of 1 / n [m] (n is a natural number) is included in an unnecessary signal passing through the wiring 403. When the AC signal contained therein is included, it is radiated from the wiring 403 and deteriorates the characteristics of other parts in the device and other devices. On the other hand, if unnecessary signals are mixed in from the outside of the device,
If an AC signal having a wavelength of / n [m] (n is a natural number) is included, it is mixed from the wiring 403, which adversely affects the operation of components and deteriorates the characteristics of the device.

Therefore, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 5, a shield 501 made of a material having a high conductivity is used for a component composed of a single or a plurality of parts, or for the entire device.
It was covered with an electromagnetic shield to prevent unwanted signal radiation or mixing, and deterioration of characteristics was prevented by performing electrostatic shielding based on the principle of electromagnetics. The effect of such electrostatic shielding increases as the thickness of the conductor increases and the sealing rate of the shield increases. However, in order for a component to transmit a signal to another component, it is necessary to provide an interface with the outside. Since a signal to be transmitted is passed through such an interface portion, it cannot be covered with a shield, and the shield 501 always needs a hole 502 necessary for connection with the outside, which reduces the sealing rate of the shield. Unwanted signal 503 is radiated from the inside of the shield to the outside of the shield through the hole 502. Also,
On the contrary, the unnecessary signal 504 mixed from the outside passes through the hole 502 and mixes into the shield, which adversely affects the operation of the component.

By the way, in order to enhance the effect of the shield, there is a method of further increasing the thickness of the shield, but it is sufficient for the deterioration of the effect of the shield caused by the low sealing rate. You cannot get the shield effect. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 6, a method of covering a single shielded component or a plurality of shielded components 601 transmitting signals to each other with a shield 602 made of a material having high conductivity. Can also be considered. With such a shield, the higher the number of layers, the higher the shield effect can be obtained.

However, there is always a hole 603 for providing an interface with the outside in any shield including the outermost side of such a shield, and it is not possible to create a completely sealed state, so it is not possible to form a completely sealed state. It cannot be shielded. Further, the more the shield is thicker and the more it is multiplexed, the more effective it is, but the volume, weight, and cost are increased, which is inconvenient for a portable wireless device that requires performance such as small size, light weight, and low cost. .

The shield has been mentioned above as a component that prevents the portable wireless device from being downsized, but like the shield, the oscillator is another component that prevents the portable wireless device from being downsized and reduced in price. Next, a conventional technique for this reference oscillator and reference oscillator will be described.

Generally, a radio device is provided with an oscillation circuit which is generally used for frequency conversion of transmission / reception and a reference clock signal of a digital section. This oscillator circuit is usually composed of an oscillator, a tuning circuit, an amplifier circuit, etc., and a crystal oscillator, a ceramic oscillator, etc. are used as a highly accurate reference oscillator. It will be explained how such oscillators provided in the radio impair the miniaturization of the radio.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a conventional radio device. In the block diagram of FIG. 7, the upper half is the receiving system and the lower half is the transmitting system. In the following description, parts that are not particularly necessary are omitted. This radio is shown in Figure 7
It has five oscillators 01 to 705.

The operation principle of transmission / reception of this radio will be described focusing on the roles of these five oscillators. Since the radio frequency signal received by the antenna (706) is normally incapable of channel selection filtering and A / D conversion in the radio frequency band, it is sequentially frequency-converted to a lower frequency capable of performing these processes. First, a low noise amplifier (70
After the required gain for improving the NF of the wireless device is given in 7), the first frequency conversion is performed. This operation is performed in the frequency converter (mixer) (708) by multiplying the received radio frequency signal by the reference oscillator (701). Here, the oscillator (701) is usually a frequency synthesizer that can tune the frequency to a desired reception channel. It is well known that this frequency synthesizer is a particularly large and expensive component in the radio section. The signal frequency-converted to the first intermediate frequency is amplified (709) and then frequency-converted again to a lower frequency. For this purpose the frequency converter (717)
At, the desired signal is multiplied by the reference signal supplied from the receiving second intermediate frequency conversion oscillator (703) to form a low frequency signal that can be processed. After that, a low frequency amplifier (710) gives a desired gain, and then the signal is sent to a digital signal processing unit (711) for signal processing. A clock oscillator (705) for supplying a reference clock signal to the digital signal processing unit is required.

On the other hand, on the transmitting side, modulation (716) is performed by the digital signal generated by the digital processing unit (711), and this time, an operation of frequency converting this signal into a radio frequency band is performed. It is sufficient if the frequency can be converted into the radio frequency band at one time, but since the gain and selectivity obtained in one intermediate frequency stage are limited, the frequency is normally converted into the radio frequency band in the same manner as in the case of reception. It First, in the transmission intermediate frequency mixer (715), multiplication with the reference signal supplied from the transmission intermediate frequency conversion oscillator (704) is performed. After this signal is amplified by the transmission intermediate frequency amplifier (714), the transmission high frequency mixer (713) further multiplies the radio carrier signal supplied from the transmission radio section frequency conversion oscillator (702) to obtain a desired radio frequency. Convert frequency to band. This signal is amplified by the transmission power amplifier (712) and then radiated into the air from the antenna (706).

To give concrete examples of the above radio frequencies and intermediate frequencies, a cordless telephone having a reception frequency of 1.9 GHz (transmission speed of about 200 Kbps) has a first transmission / reception intermediate frequency of 200 to 300 MHz and a second transmission / reception second frequency. Intermediate frequency is 50 ~
If it is about 100MHz, the high frequency synthesizer (70
1) is about 1.6 to 1.7 GHz, an intermediate frequency stage oscillator (70
2) has a frequency of about 150 to 200 MHz. For mobile phones with a reception frequency of 900MHz band (transmission speed of about 40Kbps),
The above value is about half. At this time, in the case of so-called TDD in which transmission and reception are performed at the same frequency, the transmission and reception high-frequency frequency synthesizers (701 and 702) and the intermediate frequency conversion oscillator (703 and 704) can be shared.

However, in the TDMA and FDMA systems which are usually used in mobile phones and the like, the oscillators 701, 702, 703 and 70 have different transmission and reception frequencies.
Different 4 are required. Also, since the reference clock oscillator (722) has a transmission speed of several hundred times, a cordless phone has a frequency of about 20 MHz and a mobile phone has a frequency of about 100 MHz.
The frequency is about 4MHz. Further, the reference clock oscillator has a clock for operating the digital section and a lower frequency clock for the clock function when intermittent reception (battery saving) is performed to reduce the power consumption of the wireless device. There are cases where two types of clocks are prepared, and two types of clock oscillators are also required. If there are more modes, the number of oscillators will increase. Therefore, it can be seen that at least 6 oscillators are required even in the ordinary radio device shown in FIG.

Each of these oscillators requires a crystal oscillator (ceramic oscillator at low frequencies), and since these oscillators have no resistance to external interference,
It is usually provided with a metal cap shield, which makes it unsuitable for a very compact and lightweight radio in terms of volume and weight. In addition, the absolute accuracy of clock frequency and reference carrier frequency required for mobile phones and cordless phones in recent years is on the order of a few ppm. It is an expensive part. In a portable wireless device, such oscillators and oscillators are likely to be large, and it is difficult to satisfy the electrical characteristics equivalent to those of conventional ones in the case of miniaturization.

In the above, the shield and the oscillator which prevent the miniaturization and the price reduction of the portable wireless device have been described. further,
In the following, the transmission power control performed by the portable wireless device,
It will be explained that the transmission power control increases the physical volume of the portable wireless device, which hinders downsizing and cost reduction of the portable wireless device.

Normally, when carrying data such as voice on radio waves for communication, a method is used in which a large number of users commonly use a relay device such as a base station at the same time, and each user efficiently configures a communication line. Multiple access may be used. As one of the methods for realizing this method, as shown in FIG. 8, a band usable for communication is frequency-divided so that the spectrum (801) used by each user does not overlap on the frequency axis. FDMA (Freq
uency Division Multiple Access) method. This F
The DMA is the most used method at present, and the hardware is sufficiently developed. Also, there is no need to adjust the timing of the line.

However, in a place with a large population such as an urban area, many users use the terminal, but since the usable frequency band is limited, the line is congested and it becomes impossible to use the terminal. . As a method for solving the above problem, as shown in FIG. 9, there is a TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) method in which each user sequentially sets a communication line by dividing time using the same frequency band. In this, the transmission timing is controlled so that the signals do not overlap on the repeater, the time slots (901) are switched and transmitted, and in demodulation, information is extracted in a time division manner. The PSK method is generally used as the modulation method.

As another method, as shown in FIG. 10, a large number of users spread and spread the spectrum (1001) on a wideband spectrum of the same frequency to perform communication, and perform channel identification by a code. CDMA (Co
de Division Multiple Access) method. this is,
Random access is possible, and a processing gain for eliminating interference is obtained by widening the power spectrum of the signal. Further, the repeater with a hard limiter acts as an ideal AGC for a wide band phase-modulated signal.

Here, transmission power control is required on the wireless terminal side in order to effectively use the capacity for communication. This is because, if the transmission power control is not performed on the wireless terminal side, the terminal near the base station and the terminal far from the base station whose power received by the base station is close to each other are large and the terminals far from each other are small. Therefore, even when the reception power of the terminal far from the base station is despread, it is buried in the power of the terminal close to the base station. Therefore, if there is one terminal in the immediate vicinity of the base station, the terminals in the other zones cannot call because of this one terminal. Therefore, it is necessary to control the transmission power on the side of the wireless terminal so that the call can be made. Further, considering the communication capacity, the communication capacity becomes maximum when the received powers at the base stations are equal.

However, when transmission power control is performed based on the control signal from the base station as shown in Patent No. 5056109, it is impossible for the base station to equalize the reception power spectrum of all terminals. is there. Therefore, the capacity is considerably deteriorated. Further, when controlling the power from the near terminal to the distant terminal, it is necessary to control the power within a considerable range, which increases the system load. Therefore, when communication is performed in a state where frequency efficiency is high using CDMA, power control is required, which is a system load. And, it is one of the reasons that the transmission power control is finely controlled, which impairs the miniaturization of the portable wireless device.
It was one.

Further, an antenna for a portable wireless device, which is important for downsizing the wireless device, will be described. A portable wireless device, for example, a portable wireless device having a function of transmitting and receiving information transmitted via radio waves requires an antenna as a part for exchanging radio waves with space. This is large because the antenna mounted at a position away from the housing for interaction with the outside requires strength and the like. Therefore, the miniaturization of the antenna is required to miniaturize the wireless device.

Usually, as an antenna of a portable radio device,
A monopole antenna as shown in FIG. 11 or another name whip antenna is used. Since this antenna structure is simple and low in cost, it is widely used. However, this monopole antenna is a rod-shaped antenna element (1101) having a length of ¼ wavelength of a desired frequency.
Is mounted in a form that pops out from the portable wireless device body,
It has the drawback that it is easily damaged when carrying or operating.

As an antenna that compensates for the drawbacks of such a monopole antenna, there is a coaxial antenna or a so-called sleeve antenna, which is a modification of the half-wavelength dipole antenna classified into one of the same linear antennas as shown in FIG. This antenna has a choke effect for high frequency current due to the cylindrical conductor (1203) having a length of ¼ wavelength. The surrounding appearance is protected by a fiber-reinforced plastic pipe that takes into consideration low loss and strength against high frequencies. Further, a built-in type antenna is adopted, and when a call is made, a rod-shaped antenna is pulled out and used, and when it is carried, it can be stored, so that damage during carrying can be avoided.

However, this antenna structure has problems that it has a complicated structure and that it is difficult to give flexibility to the antenna element itself. Further, when the antenna is operated even if the antenna element is strengthened, it becomes the outside of the radio device terminal, so that there is a problem of possibility of damage and characteristic deterioration due to excessive addition.

In order to improve this problem, a method of incorporating an antenna element inside the housing can be considered. As a built-in antenna, as shown in FIG.
There are two built-in plate-shaped inverted F antennas and an S-shaped antenna in which the band of the built-in plate-shaped inverted F antenna as shown in FIG. 14 is improved. This is an L-shaped antenna in which a linear element is added to the top of the monopole antenna to reduce the height of the antenna, and an inverted F antenna in which a folded structure is added to this, and the top element is made into a plate shape. Inverted F antenna. Also,
An S-shaped antenna is a plate-shaped T-shaped antenna that is a combination of two L-shaped antennas and two inverted-F antennas. These antennas are advantageous for downsizing, and since there is no protrusion outside the radio terminal, stable operation can be realized and there is no risk of damage.

However, in the conventional radio terminal, only the antenna element is built in the finite volume in which the antenna is present, and it is separated from the portion that processes the signal transmitted and received from the antenna. . For this reason, a transmission line that connects the signal processing portion to the antenna element is required, and a finite area is required on the substrate on which the package or module is mounted for this transmission line. As a result, the wireless terminal becomes large. Also, as the frequency used for communication increases, the transmission line loss becomes very large. For this reason, systematic addition to the wireless terminal becomes large from the viewpoint of output power and reception sensitivity.

Therefore, as the frequency used increases, the loss due to the connection between the antenna and the IC also increases, and the area for that is required. In order to solve these problems, a small and simple antenna construction method has been desired.

[0044]

Therefore, in a portable wireless device, such a shield material is not necessary at all, or even if a shield material is needed, a shield method which is simpler than the conventional one is used to electrically connect the shield material. There has been a demand for a small and inexpensive wireless device having a shielding effect similar to that of a conventional portable wireless device.

The present invention provides a simpler and more effective shield method than the conventional one, and is small, lightweight, inexpensive, and has good characteristics such as unnecessary signal radiation or small interference from the outside. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a portable wireless device.

In a portable wireless device, such an oscillator and oscillators are not necessary at all, or even when they are required, they are simpler and smaller than the conventional ones, and electrically, the conventional oscillators are used. It has been desired to develop a small and inexpensive wireless device having the same function as the model equipped with. Also CDM
When communication is performed using A in a state where frequency efficiency is good, power control is required, which is a system load. From the viewpoint of downsizing the terminal, a method without transmission power control has been demanded.

Therefore, as the frequency used increases, the loss due to the connection between the antenna and the IC also increases, and the area for that is required. In order to solve these problems, a small and simple antenna construction method has been desired.

[0048]

In a portable wireless device having a plurality of parts, a mechanism for converting an electric signal into a signal transmitted by another medium other than electricity inside the parts and a unit other than the electricity It is characterized by comprising a mechanism for converting a signal transmitted by the medium into an electric signal, and means for transmitting the signal between the parts by another medium other than electricity.

Further, the portable radio device is provided with at least one set of a detector, an arithmetic unit, and a transmitter, and the detector is provided in the vicinity of a component that generates an unwanted radiation wave, and the detector detects the unwanted radiation wave. However, it is characterized in that it comprises means for reducing the unnecessary radiation wave by calculating a signal for canceling the unnecessary radiation wave from the detection result by the arithmetic unit and transmitting the cancellation signal from the transmitting device.

In addition, the portable radio device is provided with at least one set of a detector, an arithmetic unit, and a transmitter, and detects not only an unwanted radiation wave generated from the inside but also an interference wave mixed from the outside to cancel the signal. It is characterized by comprising means capable of preventing performance deterioration due to the interference wave by generating

In a wireless communication system comprising a wireless base station having a directional antenna and a plurality of slave stations, the wireless base station measures the distance between the plurality of slave stations connected to the wireless base station. Means for measuring, means for determining that the distance between the plurality of slave stations is less than or equal to a predetermined value, and a time slot not used by the slave station in the directional area of the directional antenna of the own station. A plurality of slave stations which are provided with a means for detecting, and among the plurality of slave stations using the same time slot, the distance between the slave stations is determined to be less than or equal to a predetermined value. On the other hand, the time slot assigned to the slave station is changed to a time slot which is not used by the slave station in the directional area for transmission / reception.

Further, in the portable radio device, one or a plurality of pins for electrically connecting with the IC package is used as an antenna element.

In an IC module mounted in a portable terminal, one or a plurality of antenna elements are formed in a cap made of metal and dielectric used to prevent electromagnetic coupling with the outside. Is characterized by.

Further, in the case of performing communication by the code division multiplexing method as a method of performing wireless communication, the mobile terminal has a function of receiving a control signal from the base station and detecting the electric field strength, and this is detected. It is characterized by comprising means for switching the time slot used for communication according to the strength.

Further, according to the present invention, in a wireless communication terminal used for digital communication, frequency error detecting means for detecting frequency error information between a carrier frequency and a reference signal transmitter provided in the wireless communication terminal, and the reference. A frequency divider circuit which receives an output of the signal generator and outputs a clock signal of a predetermined frequency; and a phase error detection means for detecting phase error information between the frequency divider circuit output clock signal and the received signal. To do.

Further, in a radio base station communicating with a plurality of the radio communication terminals, frequency correction means for inputting the frequency error information and correcting the frequency of the carrier frequency, and transmitting time correction of the uplink signal by inputting the phase error information. And a transmission time correction means for performing.

Further, in a portable wireless device composed of one or a plurality of components, a mechanism for converting an electric signal into a signal transmitted by another medium other than electricity and a medium other than electricity inside the component. It is characterized by comprising a mechanism for converting a transmitted signal into an electric signal, and transmitting the signal between the parts by another medium other than electricity. In the portable wireless device of the first invention, the signal transmitted by another medium other than electricity is an optical signal.

Further, the portable wireless device in which one or a plurality of components are mounted is characterized in that it is provided with a circuit board for transmitting signals between the components electrically or by another medium other than electricity.

Also, at least one set of detectors, arithmetic units,
In a portable wireless device including a transmitter, the detector has a function of detecting an unwanted radiant wave, and a signal calculated by an arithmetic unit based on the detection result is transmitted from the transmitter to reduce the unwanted radiant wave. Is characterized by.

In a wireless communication system comprising a wireless base station having a directional antenna and a plurality of slave stations, the wireless base station measures the distance between the plurality of slave stations connected to the wireless base station. Means for determining that the distance between the plurality of slave stations is less than or equal to a predetermined value, and means for detecting a time slot not used by the slave station in the directional area of the directional antenna of the own station. And, of the plurality of slave stations,
Of multiple slave stations using the same timeslot,
For a plurality of slave stations determined that the distance between the slave stations is less than or equal to a predetermined value, the time slot assigned to the slave station is set to a time slot that is not used by the slave station in the directional area. It is characterized by changing and transmitting and receiving.

In a portable wireless device capable of transmitting and receiving wireless signals, a pin for making an electrical connection with an IC package forming an electronic component is used as an antenna element. Further, in this portable wireless device, one or a plurality of antenna elements are formed in a metal or dielectric cap for avoiding electromagnetic coupling with the outside of the IC module mounted in the portable terminal. And In addition, in this portable wireless device, two or more antenna elements formed in an integrated circuit mounted in the portable wireless device are antenna elements having polarization planes in different directions.

In a wireless communication system for performing wireless communication by the code division multiplexing system, the portable wireless device has means for receiving a control signal from the base station and detecting the electric field strength of this received radio wave. It is characterized in that a time slot used for wireless communication is switched according to a received electric field strength signal from a portable wireless device.

In a wireless communication terminal used for digital communication, frequency error detection means for detecting frequency error information between a carrier frequency and a reference signal transmitter provided in the wireless communication terminal, and an output of the reference signal generator. Is provided, and a frequency dividing circuit for outputting a clock signal of a predetermined frequency, and a phase error detecting means for detecting phase error information between the frequency dividing circuit output clock signal and the received signal are provided.

In a radio communication system in which a first mobile station and a second mobile station communicate with each other via a plurality of radio base stations, the mobile station has frequencies of a reference signal and a carrier signal of the mobile station. A means for detecting an error, and means for detecting a phase error between the reference signal and the received signal of the mobile station, wherein the radio base station corrects a carrier frequency based on frequency error information from the mobile station, , Means for correcting the transmission time of the transmission signal based on the phase error information from the mobile station.

[0065]

FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of component connection of a portable radio device according to the present invention. In this embodiment, an example of signal transmission by optical energy will be described. Reference numerals 1601 and 1602 are IC parts. The elements inside these components operate by electrical energy as in the conventional ones. The components 1601 and 1602 are mounted on the board 1604. An optical fiber 1603 is built in the inside of the substrate 1604, and an opening 1605 is provided on the surface only in a portion where a component is joined. A material for blocking light is applied on the surface of the substrate other than the opening portion 1605. Reference numeral 1606 denotes a conductor wiring, which supplies electric energy from the pad 1607 for operating the photoelectric conversion element built into the component.

FIG. 17 shows a detailed view of the periphery of the joint between the component and the board. Here, in order to make the description easy to understand, a semiconductor IC will be described as an example of components. Elements such as a transistor, a resistor, and a capacitor are formed in a surface 1703 of the IC chip 1701 and its periphery. The method for producing these elements is the same as the conventional method. That is, these elements operate with electric energy, and signals are transmitted between the elements by electric means inside the IC chip 1701.

Next, a means for transmitting to another IC chip 1702 will be described. The electric signal processed by the IC chip 1701 is sent to the photoelectric conversion element 1706 through the wiring 204 and the through hole 1705. Element 206
Changes the amount of light emission depending on the magnitude of an electric signal applied from the inside of the IC chip 1701, and changes the amount of electromotive force according to the amount of light input to the element from outside the IC chip. The conversion from an electric signal to an optical signal can be configured by the principle of a light emitting diode or a semiconductor laser. Further, the conversion of an optical signal into an electric signal can be configured by the principle of a photodiode or a phototransistor.
Therefore, both of them can be configured by semiconductor elements, and can be easily incorporated into an IC chip without requiring a particularly complicated process. In addition, electric energy for operating the photoelectric conversion element passes through the pad 1707,
From the wiring 1708 inside the IC chip, the photoelectric conversion element 17
06. The light emitting / receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion element 1703 is an optical fiber 17 provided on the surface of the substrate 1709.
It is mounted according to the ten openings 1711. Therefore,
The signal converted from electric energy to light energy by the element 1706 is transmitted through the opening 1711 to the optical fiber 1.
It passes through the inside of 710 and is input to the photoelectric conversion element 1712 of the IC chip 1702. The element 1712 generates an electrical signal in accordance with the input light amount, and the through hole 171
3, sent to the circuit of the IC chip 1702 through the wiring 1714, and the next signal processing is performed.

Similarly, when a signal is electrically processed inside the IC chip and the signal is sent to another IC chip, it is converted into an optical signal inside the IC chip and transmitted by optical energy. Optical signals sent from other components are converted into electrical signals inside the IC chip, and internal circuits perform signal processing to operate the equipment.

As described above, the means for signal transmission between the IC chips is not dependent on the electric energy, but other means is used to radiate an unnecessary AC electric signal from the wiring between the IC chips or mix it from the outside. It is possible to prevent unnecessary AC electric signals from being input into the IC chip from the wiring between the IC chips and adversely affecting the operation of the IC chip.

In the present embodiment, since light transmission is performed, radiation of an optical signal and interference of light energy from the outside may be considered. However, the light energy shield is a conventional paint having a light-shielding effect. Compared with the shield of electric energy, it can be easily performed with a cheaper and lighter material. In this embodiment, since the optical fiber 1710 for transmitting an optical signal is formed in the substrate 1709 except for the opening 1711, the surface of the substrate 1709 has the opening 1.
By covering the portion other than 711 with the material 1715 having a light blocking effect, it is possible to prevent the leakage of light energy outside the substrate and the interference from outside the substrate. Further, the substrate 1709 and the optical fiber 17 are made of a material having a refractive index that causes total reflection from the inside of the optical fiber to the interference between the optical fibers.
If it is used for part 10, there will be no problem at all. Alternatively, the same effect can be obtained by covering the periphery of the optical fiber 1710 with a substance having a light shielding effect.

By the way, since the signal inside the IC chip is electrically transmitted, the frequency is extremely high and the wavelength is IC.
An AC signal that becomes a natural fraction of the length of the wiring in the chip may be radiated to the outside from the wiring in the IC chip. On the contrary, a signal from the outside may be mixed in from the wiring in the IC chip and affect the operation of the IC chip. In order to prevent such a phenomenon, an electrostatic shield covering the IC chip with a shield 1716 made of a material having a high conductivity may be used. Even in this case, the electrostatic shield cannot be performed on the interface for transmitting / receiving the signal to / from the outside of the IC chip. However, in the present invention, the photoelectric conversion element 1706 is installed in the interface portion where the electrostatic shield cannot be performed. Unnecessary electric signals radiated from the inside of the chip are blocked by the photoelectric conversion element and do not leak from the portion without the electrostatic shield. On the contrary, since the photoelectric conversion element 1706 can block an electric signal mixed from the outside of the IC chip, the operation due to an unnecessary signal can be prevented.

Further, on the substrate 1709, as shown in FIG. 16, conductor wiring 160 for operating the photoelectric conversion element is provided.
There is 6. The wiring 1606 continues from the pad 1707 to the circuit internal wiring 1708. However, IC chip 1
Inside the 701, it is connected only to the photoelectric conversion element 1706 and does not directly affect the circuit operation in the IC chip.
Therefore, an unnecessary electric signal generated from the circuit inside the IC chip 1701 leaks from the pad 1707 and the wiring 160
There is almost no radiation from 6. On the contrary, the interference signal mixed in the wiring 1606 hardly affects the operation of the IC chip 1701.

FIG. 17 shows an example in which the photoelectric conversion element is provided on the surface opposite to the surface on which the element is provided. As shown in FIG. 18, a portion 18 where the element of the IC chip 1801 is formed.
The photoelectric conversion element 1804 may be formed on the same surface as 02. In this case, since the surface of the IC on which the elements and wirings are mounted is mounted toward the substrate, the IC chip 1801 itself has an effect of an electrostatic shield and does not need to be covered with a substance having a high conductivity, so that unnecessary electric signals can be prevented. It is possible to reduce the amount of radiation and the interference with the IC due to electric signals mixed from outside the IC. Also in this embodiment, the electrostatic shield 1809 is made of a material having a higher conductivity, so that the characteristics for the operation to the IC chip can be made better than the radiation of the unnecessary signal to the outside and the interference signal from the outside. May be.

FIG. 19 shows an example in which the photoelectric conversion element 1904 is provided on the side surface of the IC chip 1901.
With the configuration as shown in FIG. 19, it is not necessary to bend the optical fiber 1908 to expose it on the surface of the substrate, the substrate can be easily manufactured, and the signal loss at the bent portion of the optical fiber can be suppressed. Can be done. Furthermore, since a part or the whole of the IC chip is embedded inside the substrate, the IC chip 1901 and the substrate 19
There is an advantage that the volume of 07 can be reduced.

Although the semiconductor IC has been described so far, parts made of other materials will be described with reference to FIG. The component 2001 is mounted on a substrate 2002 made of semiconductor. A photoelectric conversion element 2003 is formed inside the substrate 2002, and the through hole 200
4, electrically connected to the component 2001 through the pad 2005. Further, electric energy necessary for operation is supplied to the photoelectric conversion element 2003 through the pad 2006 and the wiring 2007 in the substrate. The optical signal that has passed through the optical fiber 2009 as in the case of the IC chip is converted into an electric signal by the photoelectric conversion element 2003. The converted electric signal is input to the component 2001 through the through hole 2004 and the pad 2005. The electric signal passing through the component 2001 is again converted into an optical signal by the photoelectric conversion element on the output side, and is sent to another component through the optical fiber.

Further, FIG. 21 shows an example in which the photoelectric conversion element 2103 is embedded in the substrate 2110. The operation of this example is the same as that of the embodiment described with reference to FIG.
Since 002 is not necessary, it is possible to make the size smaller.

As described above, the signal transmission between the components of the portable wireless device is performed not by electric energy but by another means. It is possible to prevent the radiation of various electric signals and the interference from the outside, and it is possible to provide a more compact, lightweight and inexpensive portable wireless device.

Next, a second embodiment of the portable radio device according to the present invention will be described. First, a method for preventing unnecessary signals from being radiated from the inside of the device will be described with reference to FIG. The component 2201 is a component that may radiate an unnecessary signal. For example, a local oscillator may be considered as such a component. An unnecessary signal 2205 having a specific frequency and a specific electric field strength is radiated from the component 2201. At this time, by the electric field intensity detector 2202 installed near the component 2201, the unnecessary radiation wave 220
5, frequency, power and phase are detected.

The detected result is sent to the arithmetic circuit 2204. The transmitter 220 is provided in advance in the arithmetic circuit 2204.
Information of radio wave propagation from 3 to the electric field strength detector 2202 is recorded. Then, the arithmetic circuit 2204, based on the information of the unnecessary radiation wave sent from the electric field strength detector 2202 and the information of the radio wave propagation from the transmitter 2203 to the electric field strength detector 2202, at the place where the electric field strength detector 2202 is installed, Only the phase is 1 with respect to the unwanted radiation wave 2205
The frequency, the electric field strength, and the phase of the signal are calculated so that the conditions are the same except for 80 °. Arithmetic circuit 2204
Information is sent to the cancellation signal output device 2203. The cancellation signal output unit 2203 is composed of a signal generator 2207 and an antenna 2208 whose frequency, power and phase are variable. The signal generator 2207 has a predetermined frequency and power based on the information sent from the arithmetic circuit 2204. Generate a phase signal,
The cancellation signal 2206 is output from the antenna 2208.

The signal output from the antenna 2208 propagates in the device, but in the place where the electric field intensity detector 2202 is present, the unwanted radiation wave 2205 generated by the component 2201 and the canceling signal 2206 have the same frequency and the same electric field intensity. , There is a phase difference of 180 °, so they cancel each other as shown in FIG. 23, and the signal output apparently becomes zero. Therefore, the electric field intensity detector 220 should be placed as close as possible to the component 2201.
2 is installed, the unwanted radiation signal 22 from the component 2201
It is possible that 05 is not output at all.

Further, the radio wave propagation from the cancellation signal output device 2203 to the electric field strength detector 2202 and the electric field strength detector 22.
Since the radio wave propagation from 02 to the canceling signal output device 2203 is carried out at a spatially extremely short distance inside the portable wireless device, there is little temporal change in the state, and it is considered that both are in the same radio wave propagation state. Good. Therefore, the unnecessary radiation signal 220 at the place where the electric field intensity detector 2202 is installed
5 frequency, electric field strength, phase information and cancellation signal output device 2
Although the signal 2206 is output from the canceling signal output device 2203 based on the information on the radio wave propagation from 203 to the electric field strength detector 2202, the unwanted radiation signal 2205 is output from the canceling signal output device 2203 to the signal 2206. At the installed point, the frequency and the electric field strength are equal, and the phases have a difference of 180 ° from each other, so that they are canceled and the magnitude of the signal becomes apparently zero at the output source. Therefore, the output of the cancellation signal output device 2203 can cancel the unwanted radiation signal 2205 without affecting the inside and outside of the device.

Next, a method for preventing interference due to unnecessary signals from the outside of the device will be described with reference to FIG. The component 2401 is a target component that prevents interference due to unnecessary signals. As such components, for example, a receiving high frequency amplifier, a receiving down converter, etc. can be considered.

An interference signal 2405 having a frequency and an electric field strength which affect the operation of the component is input to the component 2401. At this time, by the electric field strength detector 2402 installed near the component 2401, the frequency of the signal 2405,
Detect power and phase. The detected result is sent to the arithmetic circuit 2404. Information on radio wave propagation from the transmitter 2403 to the electric field strength detector 2402 is recorded in advance in the arithmetic circuit 2404. Then, the arithmetic circuit 2404 uses the information of the interference signal 2405 sent from the electric field strength detector 2402 and the information of radio wave propagation from the transmitter 2403 to the electric field strength detector 2402 to determine the electric field strength detector 24.
02, the unwanted radiation signal 2405
On the other hand, the frequency, the electric field strength, and the phase of the signal are calculated such that only the phases differ by 180 ° and all other conditions are equal. Information of the arithmetic circuit 2404 is the cancellation signal output device 240.
Sent to 3. The canceling signal output unit 2403 includes a signal generator 2407 and an antenna 24, the frequency, power and phase of which are variable.
08, and the signal generator 2407 is an arithmetic circuit 240.
A signal having a predetermined frequency, power, and phase is generated based on the information sent from the antenna 4 and the signal 2 from the antenna 2408 is generated.
406 is output.

The signal output from the antenna 2408 propagates in the equipment, but in the place where the electric field strength detector 2402 is present, the unwanted radiation signal 2405 and the signal 2406 generated by the component 2401 have the same frequency and the same electric field strength. Since there is a phase difference of 180 °, they are canceled out as shown in FIG. 25, and the signal output apparently becomes zero. Therefore, part 2
Field strength detector 2402 as close to 401 as possible
Is installed, the unwanted radiation signal 240 from the component 2401
It is possible that 5 is not output at all.

As described in the above embodiments, according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress an unnecessary radiation signal generated from the inside of the device and to prevent the device from relying on the conventional electrostatic shield using the material of the conductor. It is possible to suppress interference caused by a signal input from the outside, and it is possible to provide a compact, lightweight, inexpensive portable wireless device.

Next, a wireless communication system according to the present invention and a portable wireless device used therein which are effective for wireless communication adopting the TDMA-TDD and TDMA systems will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 66 (a) is a diagram showing a time axis (time slot) of two mobile wireless devices wirelessly connected to a base station, a slave station A, and a slave station B in the TDMA-TDD system. . Here, it is assumed that slave station A and slave station B transmit and receive radio waves from the same base station, and that slot synchronization between the two frames shown in FIG. 66 (a) is completely taken. To do. Here, the slave stations in the system are T1 to T4 in the figure.
Belongs to one of the slots (R1 to R4), and T
When transmission is performed in one slot, reception is performed in the R1 slot.

In the example of FIG. 66, it is assumed that the slave station A and the slave station B both belong to the slots of T1 and R1 and transmit and receive at the same time. At this time, since the slave stations A and B are connected to the same base station, transmission / reception using the same frequency cannot be performed. Therefore, a base station is provided with a synthesizer (reference signal generator) capable of outputting a plurality of frequencies for wireless communication. Here, if the radio frequencies (carrier frequencies) used by the slave stations A and B are different,
There is no concern that radio wave interference will occur between the slave stations A and B.
This is because the frequencies of the carrier wave oscillators used by each other are different. However, in addition to this carrier frequency, as the oscillators used by both the slave station A and the slave station B, there are a reference clock oscillator in the digital section and a reference oscillator for frequency conversion in the intermediate frequency band. Frequencies are often common to each slave station, so
When the slave stations A and B are very close to each other, radio wave interference between the oscillators of these two slave stations becomes a problem unless each slave station has a very perfect shield.

An embodiment of a wireless communication system according to the present invention and a portable wireless device used therein made in view of this point will be described with reference to FIGS. 66 (b) and 26. FIG.
In FIG. 6, the slave station A (2602) and the slave station B (2603) are two portable wireless devices that may interfere with each other. The base station 2601 communicates using a beam-shaped radio wave (2606) emitted from the directional antenna 2607, and the positions of the slave station A (2) and the slave station B (3) within the wireless zone. Is aware of. Here, slave station A (2)
And the slave station B (3) are present in an area close to each other, and when it is determined that radio wave interference between the oscillators of the two slave stations poses a problem, among the T1 to T4 (R1 to R4), In the active area (2606), a free slot that is not used by the slave station is searched, and the slave station B is searched for T in the subsequent communication, for example.
2. Issue an instruction to communicate using the R2 slot.
Then, the slot allocation for the slave station B is changed, and the slot (T1, R1) used so far is changed to the slot (T2, R2) as shown in FIG. Subsequent communication is performed with the slave stations within.
After receiving the slot change command from the base station, the slave station B performs wireless communication with the base station in slots T2 and R2. Normally, the slave station adopts battery saving that stops the operation of the oscillator and the like except for the transmission / reception slots (T2 and R2 in the case of the slave station B) that are self-assigned. Does not interfere with. Therefore, even when the slave station A and the slave station B in FIG. 26 are not so shielded, the radio wave interference between the slave stations does not pose a problem.

Further, in the present invention, the proximity of the two slave stations is detected using the directional antenna.
Alternatively, the position of the local station may be detected by the slave station using a GPS system or the like, and the position of the local station may be transmitted to the base station. After that, the base station side uses this information to detect the neighboring slave stations, and if the two slave stations use the same time slot, the slot change is performed,
Communication with the slave stations in the directional area may be performed using the directional antenna.

As described above, according to the present invention, in a wireless communication system, adjacent slave stations are detected, and for these slave stations, the time slot for transmission / reception is changed as necessary. Therefore, the problem of interference between adjacent slave stations is eliminated, and the shield material that was conventionally required to prevent radio wave interference between portable radios can be removed from the radio as much as possible, so the terminal component cost, There is an effect that the assembly cost can be reduced, and the terminal can be made smaller and lighter.

In the present description, the TDMA-TDD is taken as an example, but the present invention is not limited to the TDMA-TDD.
Obviously, it can be used in a normal TDMA system as well.

FIG. 27 shows another embodiment of the portable radio device according to the present invention.

The antenna element is usually a portable radio (270
2) It is mounted at the end position inside and is connected by a transmission line from the radio section. Further, the wireless IC is not usually used as it is cut out from the wafer, but is fixed inside the package (2705). This package (2
Pins (2) are used to connect the IC fixed to 705) to the outside.
703) is used. This pin (2703) is usually
It is soldered to a board and used for connection of a signal line. In the portable wireless device of the present invention, this pin (270
3) is not connected to the substrate (2706). Then, this package (2705) is attached to the part where the antenna is originally mounted, and I of this package (2705) is attached.
Set the length of C pin (2703) to 1 of the radio frequency of the desired wave.
It can be operated as a monopole antenna by setting the length to / 4 wavelength. Thereby, the antenna element can be configured without separately providing the antenna element at a location apart from the IC.

The conventional portable wireless device has a drawback that there is a loss in the transmission line between the IC and the antenna, and the mounting area is large because the transmission line is formed on the substrate. As the frequency increases, the effect of transmission line loss increases, and the system load increases. However, since the antenna element is directly connected to the IC, wireless communication can be performed without transmission line loss, and an area for the transmission line is not required on the substrate, so that the portable wireless device (2702) can be downsized. You can do it. Also, as shown in FIG. 28, a pin (2803)
The pin (280
It is also possible to reduce the size of the antenna element itself by forming the spiral inductor (2802) on the IC (2801) at the part where 3) is connected.

FIG. 29 shows another embodiment of the portable radio device according to the present invention. Pin (290) of the package (2902)
When 1) is used as a monopole antenna, a ground layer is provided below the monopole antenna of the board (2903) on which the package (2902) is mounted, and a distance of ¼ wavelength of the frequency used for communication from that position. The antenna element is placed in.

As shown in FIG. 30, this is a ground conductor plate (30
From 04), when the current source (3003) is placed at the position of ¼ wavelength of the desired frequency, the image of the current source (3005) can be formed on the opposite side in the same size and in the opposite phase. On the other hand, the waves are overlapped to double the amplitude, and in the opposite direction, they cancel each other out. Thereby, the directional gain of the antenna can be doubled. Further, as shown in FIG. 31, by removing the metal under the antenna and securing a quarter wavelength from the lower ground plane, the present idea can be realized. The portion up to the lower ground (3104) is a dielectric and can be made shorter than the wavelength in free space, so that the effective length can be shortened. Further, as shown in FIG. 32, the pin (32) at the end of the package (3202) is
01) is used to configure the antenna element, and the pin (3201) is bent and used to secure the pin length. Since the pins of the package (3202) cannot use the area of the corners, they become useless parts. Therefore, this area can be effectively used by bending the antenna element and removing the metal at this corner.

FIG. 33 shows another embodiment of the portable radio device according to the present invention. Conventionally, IC chip (3304)
When a chip component having resistance and capacitance is mounted on a substrate to form a module, a metal cap (3301) is attached as a shield measure. In the portable wireless device according to the present invention, a slit (3302) is opened in a part of the metal cap (3301) and used as an antenna element. In order to excite the antenna element, as shown in FIG. 34, a part of the multilayer substrate (3407) is hollowed out, and the IC (3404) is placed at a position separated by a distance where the metal cap (3401) does not affect the transmission line. The transmission line for mounting and exciting the antenna element is provided with the transmission line (3403) at the optimum height for exciting the slit (3402) provided on the outermost metal cap (3401). I do. Further, a metal for shielding is plated on the outside of the IC package, and a slit (3402) is formed in a part thereof. In this case, the same method is used for IC
From (3404), this slit (3402) is used as an antenna element, and the transmission line (340
Incorporate 3). When this method is used, the area as an antenna is not required on the substrate on which the module is mounted, and it is effective for downsizing the terminal.

FIG. 35 shows another embodiment of the portable radio device according to the present invention. When a module is constructed by mounting an IC chip and chip components such as resistors and capacitors on a substrate, a dielectric cap (3501) is used as a lid thereof. A microstrip antenna (3502) is formed on the dielectric cap (3501). The line for exciting the transmission line (350) on the side surface of the dielectric cap (3501).
4) is provided to excite the antenna. As the side transmission line (3504), a coplanar line or a slot line is used when conductors can be formed only on the same plane, and a microstrip line or the like is used when a ground layer can be provided inside. The line for exciting and the substrate on which the IC is mounted are connected by attaching a side surface metal electrode to the side surface of the dielectric cap (3501).

Further, as shown in FIGS. 36 and 37, the line for exciting the antenna has a multi-layered portion corresponding to the lid of the dielectric cap (3701), and the antenna is provided through the layer of the exciting line (3704) and the slit (3809). Exciting the element (3802). The shape of the antenna element may be a square as shown in FIG. 39 or a spiral shape as shown in FIG. 41 and 42, the excitation wire (4204) layer and the microstrip antenna (4202) layer are excited using a through hole (4206). Further, as shown in FIG. 43, a dielectric cap (430) is provided as a method for achieving miniaturization when an antenna is formed on the dielectric cap (4201) of the module.
The inverted F antenna (4302) can be realized by exciting the side surface of 1) using the transmission line (1704). Similarly, as shown in FIG.
The S-shaped antenna (4402) can be realized by exciting the layer 04) through the through hole (4405).

FIG. 45 shows another embodiment of the portable radio device according to the present invention. The length of the pin (4502) of the IC package (4501) is changed and used as an antenna element corresponding to different frequencies. Two types of pin (4502) lengths are prepared, and as shown in FIG. 46, FDD (Frequenc
When using the y Division Duplex system, it is possible to operate as antennas for both transmission and reception.
In addition, when transmitting / receiving to / from a plurality of systems as shown in FIG. 48, as shown in FIG. 47, a pin (4
By providing 702), it becomes possible to cope with a plurality of frequencies.

FIG. 49 shows another embodiment of the portable radio device according to the present invention. Two or more pins (4902) of the pins (4902) of the IC package (4901)
To configure the antenna with the same length. Two or more antenna elements are separated from each other, and two or more systems of receiving sections (4903) in the IC are prepared corresponding to the respective antenna elements. Diversity reception can be performed by receiving data by each antenna and selecting and switching only the data with the best reception state, or by combining the power received by the receiving units of two or more systems. As a result, it is possible to reduce the rate of reception errors due to the reception power that changes momentarily due to fading, and it is possible to perform good data communication.

FIG. 50 shows another embodiment of the portable radio device according to the present invention. Of the pins of the IC package (5001), the two pins (500
2) is used to construct an antenna of the same length. Since the antennas are offset by 90 degrees, different planes of polarization can be received. By using this, polarization diversity can be realized by utilizing the vertical and horizontal polarization components. It can be used in complicated radio wave environments such as urban environments, and is not easily affected by the internal structure of the radio. In addition, since the manner of fading changes depending on the direction of each polarization, transmission diversity is possible by transmitting on different polarization planes on the transmission side. Further, by receiving signals having different polarization planes with this structure, it is possible to cope with radio waves whose polarization planes are rotating, so that circular polarization can be received. In addition, as shown in FIG. 51, this is a slit (51) on the metal cap (5101).
02) can be similarly applied.

FIG. 52 shows another embodiment of the portable radio device according to the present invention. Of the pins (5202) of the IC package (5201), two pins (5202) in different directions by 90 degrees are used to configure antennas of different lengths. Since the respective antennas are deviated by 90 degrees, the polarization planes received differ. Therefore, it is possible to maintain isolation even when receiving near frequencies,
This is effective when transmitting and receiving systems with similar frequencies at the same time. This can be configured in the same manner even when the slit (5302) is provided in the metal cap (5301) as shown in FIG.

FIG. 54 shows another embodiment of the portable radio device according to the present invention. A plurality of pins (5402) of the IC package (5401) are used to form a monopole antenna of the same length. The power supply line (540) having different length is connected to each antenna.
By providing 3), the phase of the radio wave transmitted and received from the antenna is changed. Thereby, the direction of the radio wave beam can be adjusted to a desired direction, the array antenna can be operated, and the angle diversity can be performed. Also, as shown in FIG. 55, the pin (5502)
The phase shifter (550
6) is made for each antenna element. This phase shifter (5506) can be controlled to control the phase of the radio wave emitted from the antenna, and it operates as an active phased array antenna. This makes it possible to transmit and receive a radio wave in a desired direction by creating a directional beam, and also to swing the beam at high speed. As a measure against multipath, the phase is controlled to remove unnecessary reflected waves so that the gain becomes zero in the direction in which the unnecessary reflected waves arrive. By this means, it is possible to eliminate reception errors due to multipath.

FIG. 56 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a wireless communication system using a portable wireless device and its terminal according to the present invention. Normally, when communication is performed using CDMA, the base station (5601) which is received by the base station (5601) is used.
Since the received power from the terminal (5602) close to 601) and the received power from the terminal (5602) far from the base station are different, the signal transmitted from the terminal far from the base station is transmitted from the terminal close to the base station. It is buried in the signal that has been played (Near Far Effect). Therefore, the portable wireless device (5
In 602), transmission power control was necessary.

However, as shown in FIG. 56, the terminal (56
By switching the time slot (5606) to be used according to the received electric field strength in 02), communication using CDMA is possible without controlling the transmission power. Base station (56
Each terminal (5602) receives the control signal from (01). The time slot (5606) used for communication is switched according to the strength of the received power, and the power transmitted by the terminal (5602) included in each time slot (5606) is transmitted from another terminal (5602). Do not be buried in the transmission power of. Since a plurality of terminals (5602) close to the base station (5601) transmit with the same power, the receiving side receives with substantially the same power. The same applies to the remote terminal (5602). Therefore, the received data from each terminal (5602) is not buried in the power from the other terminals (5602). Therefore, transmission power control is not necessary, the system load on the terminal (5602) is reduced, and the portable wireless device (560
This is effective for downsizing in 2).

Further, as shown in FIG. 57, in the urban environment and the like, there are parts where the radio wave environment is bad, but the base station (570
By checking the received power of the control signal from 1),
The time slot is switched regardless of the distance from the base station (5701). Since the A4 zone (5706) is a part where the radio wave environment is bad and the received electric field strength is low, communication is performed using the T3 time slot (5707) instead of the T2 time slot (5707). Therefore, the terminal (5
On the side of 702), the same communication can be performed even in a portion where the radio wave environment is bad, only by switching the time slot (5707).

FIG. 58 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a wireless communication system using the portable wireless device and its terminal according to the present invention. When the radio terminal (5802) moves to the zone of the adjacent base station (5801), the adjacent base station (5
Handoff with 801) is normally done. At this time, the outermost zone (5805) of each base station (5801)
5808) and the mobile wireless device (5802) uses the time slot corresponding to the outermost zone of the base station (5801) only when the mobile wireless device (5802) is used.
802) determines whether to perform handoff. When the time slots A1, A2, A1 ′, and A2 ′ close to the base station (5801) are used, the communication with only one base station (5801) is performed without determining the presence or absence of handoff. Further, only when the time slots A3 and A3 'are used, the radio waves from the two base stations (5801) are received and superposition is performed. At this time as well, when a time slot close to the base station (5801) is used, this process is not performed.

Next, regarding the oscillator and the crystal oscillator provided in the portable wireless device, a concrete configuration of the portable wireless device which can be realized by a simpler and more compact device than before, and such a portable wireless device can be used. An embodiment of the present invention relating to a wireless communication system will be described with reference to FIGS. 60 and 61.

FIG. 60 shows an example of a communication system used by the portable wireless device provided by the present invention, and FIG. 61 shows a configuration example of an upstream signal received by the portable wireless device provided by the present invention. Oscillator and crystal unit 60 provided in the portable radio
The reference signal output from 02 is supplied to the frequency converter 6003, and upon reception, frequency signals of the radio frequency and the intermediate frequency are converted into the intermediate frequency and the base band, respectively. Further, during transmission, the intermediate frequency and the baseband are frequency-converted into an intermediate frequency and a radio frequency, respectively. The other of the reference signals is supplied to the digital section 6004, and the frequency is divided by the digital section for use. Usually an oscillator,
The oscillation frequency of the crystal unit 6002 needs to be synchronized with the carrier frequency of the reception signal to suppress the deterioration of reception sensitivity due to a frequency error. Further, it is necessary that the clock frequency-divided in the digital section 6004 is symbol-synchronized with the received signal to suppress deterioration of receiving sensitivity due to a clock phase error.

In this embodiment, the frequency of oscillation of the oscillator of the portable wireless device and the crystal oscillator 6002 is unique to the portable wireless device. Therefore, when the call quality is deteriorated due to the frequency error between the base station and the portable wireless device, the base station 60
01 synchronizes the carrier wave frequency with the oscillation frequency of the oscillator of the portable wireless device, the crystal oscillator 6002, and transmits. Reference numeral 6005 in FIG. 60 denotes a modulation signal modulated by the carrier frequency. The carrier frequency is the frequency converter 600 in the portable radio.
A value is selected so that the intermediate frequency whose frequency is converted in 3 becomes a predetermined value. When performing frequency conversion to the baseband, the carrier frequency is set so that the center frequency after conversion becomes zero. For this purpose, the oscillation frequency information of the oscillator of the portable wireless device and the crystal oscillator 6002 is required. this is,
If the frequencies used are the same for TDD,
It can be obtained by extracting the carrier wave from the signal received by the base station 6001. Further, when the used frequency is different between the upstream and the downstream, it becomes possible by notifying the base station side of the frequency that the portable wireless device desires to receive. The received signal 6005 is frequency-converted by the frequency converter 6003. When frequency conversion is performed, the frequency is usually converted into a frequency difference between the received carrier frequency f1 and the oscillation frequency f2 of the oscillator or crystal unit. In this embodiment, f2 is a value peculiar to the portable wireless device, so (f1 -f2)
It is sufficient to properly set the center frequency of the received signal of the portable wireless device in order to make the value of a predetermined value. Here, for simplification, the case where the frequency conversion is performed only once has been described, but the same applies when the frequency conversion is performed a plurality of times.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the base station 6001 controls the transmission time to establish phase synchronization between the clock supplied to the digital unit 6006 and the received signal. The portable wireless device supplies error information 6005 between the clock and the received signal to the base station. The base station corrects the transmission time to the portable wireless device based on this clock error information and transmits. According to the present embodiment, the oscillator and the crystal oscillator of the portable wireless device do not require the frequency synchronizing operation and the clock synchronizing operation in the digital section. Therefore, it is possible to configure with a simpler oscillator and crystal oscillator than the conventional one.

Next, with reference to FIG. 62, a concrete configuration example of the portable radio device according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 62
Indicates the receiving side of the portable wireless device. The received signal received by the antenna is frequency-converted by the frequency converter 6201,
A low pass filter 6202 extracts a desired signal, and then a demodulation circuit 6204 extracts a modulated signal. In this embodiment, the clock phase error detection is performed by a filter that passes only the clock phase error detection signal inserted in the received signal. The detected clock phase error information is transmitted to the base station, and the transmission time is corrected based on the error information to perform clock synchronization in the portable wireless device.

Next, FIG. 63 shows an example of the signal form used in this embodiment. The received signal received by the portable wireless device of the present invention shown in FIG. 62 is set to 6305a, and the clock phase example 6203 output by the clock oscillator 6203 of the portable wireless device at this time is 6
305b shows an output signal example of the filter 6205 6305.
It is shown in c. As shown by 6305a in FIG. 63, the received signal is a time interval corresponding to the clock frequency fck of the portable wireless device.
It has a clock error detection signal at (1 / fck). Therefore, by passing the received signal through the filter 6305 whose spectrum matches the clock error detection signal, the interval 1 / fc
Clock phase error information can be extracted by k. The filter output shows a monotonically increasing characteristic near the clock phase error detection signal. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the error information between the clock phase and the received signal by sampling the filter output in the error detection circuit 6206 shown in FIG.

Next, FIG. 64 shows an example of the clock error detection method.
This will be described in detail with reference to FIG. It is assumed that the configuration example of the clock error detection unit in the portable wireless device is the same as that shown in FIG. That is, an example of the received signal configuration of the portable wireless device 6406
The output signal of the filter 6205 of FIG.
The clocks synchronized with the clock oscillator 6203 in FIG. 62 are shown in b, 6406c, 6406d, and 6406e, respectively. The filter output is ε0 in the clock phase error detection section.
Shows a monotonically increasing characteristic. The error detection circuit samples the filter output signal with the supply clock and outputs it as error information.

Now, assuming that the output of the error detection circuit is ε when the received signal and the clock are synchronized, when the clock is delayed by ΔΦ-time with respect to the received signal, the output of the error detection circuit is (ε + Δε). +). Similarly, when the clock leads the received signal by ΔΦ + time, (ε−Δε−) is output. This error information is transmitted to the base station, and clock synchronization is performed by correcting the transmission time on the direct side of the base.
For example, when the error information is (ε−Δε−), the transmission time is advanced by ΔΦ + time and transmission is performed. Conventionally, in order to make the clock phase finer in the portable wireless device, a clock that is faster and more accurate than the desired clock rate was required.However, by performing this embodiment, it is possible to obtain a slower and simpler clock oscillator. Even high-quality calls are possible.

Next, a configuration example of the upstream signal used for clock synchronization of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present invention, since the clock phase is not extracted in the portable wireless device,
At the start of communication, the base station needs to know the clock phase of the portable wireless device. FIG. 65 shows a configuration example of an upstream signal. FIG. 65 (a) is an example of upstream signal configuration for the purpose of detecting the clock initial phase at the start of communication. Of FIG. 65
(b) is an example of the upstream signal configuration in the steady state. The shaded area is the clock phase error detection signal. Since the clock is roughly synchronized in the steady state, the error detection section τer is shortened and the error detection section is set long at the start of communication. By setting the time constant of the phase error detection filter of the portable wireless device in correspondence with the error detection section τer, the filter output shown in FIG. 65 is obtained. The filter output shows a monotonically increasing characteristic at time τer, and error information is obtained by sampling the filter output with the clock in the portable wireless device as shown in the embodiment in FIG. The longer the detection time, the more tolerant the estimated phase error is and the more stable the error information can be obtained. In the present embodiment, the time length of the error detection signal to be inserted into the upstream signal is made variable according to the clock synchronization state, and the time constant of the phase error detection filter in the corresponding portable radio device is made variable, thereby changing the line state. There is an advantage that flexible synchronization settings can be made according to the requirements. Further, in this embodiment, the insertion position of the error detection signal into the upstream signal is performed every clock time. However, it goes without saying that the error information can be detected at a time interval corresponding to an integral multiple of the clock to be synchronized.

[0118]

As described above, in the wireless communication system according to the present invention and the portable wireless device used therein, the means for signal transmission between IC chips does not depend on electric energy, but other means. By using it, unnecessary AC electric signals are radiated from the wiring between the IC chips, and unnecessary AC electric signals mixed from the outside are generated from the wiring between the IC chips.
It is possible to prevent it from being input into the C chip and adversely affecting the operation of the IC chip. Therefore, compared with conventional shields for electric energy such as paints that have a light-shielding effect, they can be easily made with a cheaper and lighter material.
It is possible to provide an inexpensive portable wireless device.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress an unwanted radiation signal generated from the inside of the device or to interfere with a signal input from the outside of the device, regardless of the conventional electrostatic shield using the material of the conductor. Therefore, it is possible to provide a small, lightweight, inexpensive portable wireless device.

Further, in the wireless communication system, in order to detect the adjacent slave stations and change the transmission / reception time slot for these slave stations as necessary,
The problem of interference between adjacent slave stations is eliminated, and the shield material that was indispensable to prevent radio wave interference between portable wireless devices can be removed from the wireless device as much as possible, reducing the parts cost and assembly cost of the terminal. Moreover, there is an effect that the size and weight of the terminal can be reduced.

Further, an IC used in the high frequency part of the radio device.
A metal for shielding is plated on the outside of the package, a slit is opened in a part of it, this slit is used as an antenna element, and the transmission line is installed so as to excite. Therefore, it is effective for downsizing the terminal.

Also, the base station of the wireless communication system controls the transmission time to establish the phase synchronization between the clock supplied to the digital section of the portable radio and the received signal.
The portable wireless device supplies the error information between the clock and the received signal to the base station. The base station corrects the transmission time to the portable wireless device based on this clock error information and transmits. According to this method, the oscillator and the crystal oscillator of the portable wireless device do not require frequency synchronization operation and clock synchronization operation in the digital section. Therefore, it is possible to configure with a simpler oscillator and crystal oscillator than the conventional one.

As described above, in the wireless communication system according to the present invention and the portable wireless device used therein, there is an effect that the terminal can be made compact, lightweight and inexpensive.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a conventional portable wireless device.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a conventional portable wireless device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining radiation and mixing of unnecessary electric signals due to wiring between components.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a conventional portable wireless device.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a multiplexed electrostatic shield.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a conventional portable wireless device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining FDMA.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining TDMA.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining CDMA.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the structure of a monopole antenna.

FIG. 12 is a view for explaining the structure of a sleeve antenna.

FIG. 13 is a view for explaining the structure of a built-in inverted F antenna.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the structure of an S-shaped antenna.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a shield.

FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a wireless communication system according to the present invention,

FIG. 27 is a diagram for explaining an antenna using pins of an IC package.

FIG. 28 is a diagram for explaining a structure for shortening the length of an antenna element.

FIG. 29 is a diagram for explaining the directional gain of a monopole antenna.

FIG. 30 is a diagram for explaining that the directional gain is doubled.

FIG. 31 is a view for explaining a structure in which a distance of ¼ wavelength is formed using a substrate.

FIG. 32 is a diagram for explaining a structure in which a pin is bent to form an antenna.

FIG. 33 is a diagram for explaining a structure that constitutes an antenna using a metal cap.

FIG. 34 is a view for explaining a method of exciting a slit provided in a metal cap.

FIG. 35 is a view for explaining a structure that constitutes a microstrip antenna on a dielectric cap.

FIG. 36 is a view for explaining a structure that constitutes a microstrip antenna in a dielectric cap.

FIG. 37 is a diagram for explaining a power feeding method using slots.

FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a power feeding method using slots.

FIG. 39 is a view for explaining the structure when a square patch is used.

FIG. 40 is a diagram for explaining a structure using an antenna having a spiral structure.

FIG. 41 is a view for explaining that a through hole is used as an excitation method.

FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view for explaining that a through hole is used as an excitation method.

FIG. 43 is a view for explaining the structure of an inverted F antenna.

FIG. 44 is a view for explaining the structure of the S-shaped antenna.

FIG. 45 is a diagram for explaining a structure in which an antenna pin is used for the antenna.

FIG. 46 is a diagram for explaining the frequency spectrum of the FDD system.

FIG. 47 is a view for explaining a structure that constitutes an antenna using the pins of the antenna.

FIG. 48 is a diagram for explaining frequency spectra of a plurality of systems.

FIG. 49 is a view for explaining that diversity is performed using two antennas.

FIG. 50 is a diagram for explaining a structure that enables reception of different polarization planes.

FIG. 51 is a diagram for explaining a structure for receiving orthogonal polarization planes using slots.

FIG. 52 is a view for explaining a structure that constitutes an antenna using orthogonal pins.

FIG. 53 is a view for explaining the structure of an antenna using orthogonal slots.

FIG. 54 is a diagram for explaining the operation of an array antenna using a plurality of antennas.

FIG. 55 is a view for explaining the structure of an active phased array antenna.

FIG. 56 is a diagram for explaining a control method for switching time slots according to the received power from the base station.

FIG. 57 is a diagram for explaining a case where there is a portion where the radio wave environment is bad.

FIG. 58 is a diagram for explaining a case where a terminal performs a handoff.

FIG. 59 is a diagram for explaining a case where a terminal performs a handoff.

FIG. 60 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of a communication system according to the present invention.

FIG. 61 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 62 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of a mobile wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 63 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 64 is a diagram for explaining a clock phase error detection method for a portable wireless device according to the present invention.

FIG. 65 is a configuration example of an upstream signal of the wireless communication system according to the present invention

FIG. 66 is a diagram for explaining slots of the wireless communication system according to the present invention.

[Explanation of Codes] 101 ... Package, 102 ... Pin 201 ... Reception slot, 202 ... Transmission slot 203 ... Synchronization of terminal A and terminal B 301 ... Radio base station, 302 ... Paging signal, 30
3, 304 ... Portable radio device (slave station), 305 ... Interference wave 401 ... Component 402 ... Component 403 ... Wiring between components 404 ... Electric signal radiated from wiring 405 ... Wiring An electric signal 501 mixed with the electrostatic shield 502 a hole for an interface 503 an unnecessary signal radiated from the hole of the shield 504 an interference signal mixed with the hole of the shield 506 .... Conductive wire 601 ... Electrostatically shielded component 602 ... Electrostatic shield 603 ... Hole for interface 701 ... Oscillator for receiving first intermediate frequency conversion, 702 ... Oscillator for frequency conversion of transmitting radio section , 703 ... Receiving second intermediate frequency converting oscillator, 704 ... Transmitting intermediate frequency converting oscillator, 705 ... Reference clock oscillator, 706 ... Antenna,
707 ... Low noise amplifier, 708 ... First intermediate frequency mixer, 709 ... Reception first intermediate frequency amplifier, 710 ... Reception second intermediate frequency amplifier, 711 ... Transmission / reception (digital) signal processing unit 712 ... Transmission power amplifier, 713 ... Transmission High frequency mixer,
714 ... Transmission intermediate frequency amplifier, 715 ... Transmission intermediate frequency mixer 716 ... Modulator, 717 ... Second intermediate frequency mixer 801 ... Frequency spectrum 901 ... Time slot 1001 ... Frequency spectrum 1101 ... Antenna element 1102 ... Ground, 110
3 ... Feed line 1201 ... Coaxial line 1202 ... Ground 1203 ...
Cylindrical conductor 1301 ... Plate antenna element, 1302 ... Ground, 1
303 ... Feed line 1401 ... Antenna element, 1402 ... Feed section 1501 ... Antenna, 1502 ... Send / receive switch,
1503 ... High frequency filter, 1504 ... Low noise amplifier, 1505 ... High frequency mixer, 1506 ... Reception first intermediate frequency filter, 1507 ... Reception first intermediate frequency amplifier, 1508 ... Intermediate frequency mixer, 1509 ... Reception second intermediate frequency filter, 1510 ... reception second intermediate frequency amplifier, 1511 ... transmission and reception (digital) signal processing unit,
1512 ... Transmission high frequency filter, 1513 ... Transmission power amplifier, 1514 ... Transmission high frequency mixer, 1515 ... Transmission second intermediate frequency filter, 1516 ... Transmission second intermediate frequency amplifier, 1517 ... Transmission intermediate frequency mixer, 1518 ...
Transmission first intermediate frequency filter, 1519 ... Modulator, 15
20 ... High frequency frequency synthesizer, 1521 ... Intermediate frequency stage oscillator 1522 ... Reference clock oscillator, 1523 ... Transmission / reception radio frequency, 1524 ... Intermediate frequency, 1525 ... Intermediate frequency, 1526 ... Speaker, 1527 ... External housing 1601, 1602 ... Parts , 1603 ... Optical fiber, 1604 ... Substrate, 1605 ... Optical fiber opening, 1606 ... Conductor wiring 1607 ... Pad 1701, 1702 ... IC chip, 1703 ...
Element constituting portion, 1704, 1714 ... Conductor wiring, 1705, 1713 ... Through hole, 170
6, 1712 ... Photoelectric conversion element, 1707 ... Pad, 1708 ... Wiring in IC, 1709 ... Substrate, 1
710 ... Optical fiber, 1711 ... Optical fiber opening, 1715 ... Light-shielding substance, 1716 ... Electrostatic shield 1801 ... IC chip, 1802 ... Element constituting part, 1803, 1806 ... ..Wiring in IC, 1
804 ... Photoelectric conversion element, 1805 ... Pad, 1
807 ... Substrate, 1808 ... Optical fiber, 18
09 ... electrostatic shield, 1810 ... light-shielding material 1901 ... IC chip, 1902 ... element constituting portion, 1903, 1906 ... IC internal wiring, 1
904 ... Photoelectric conversion element, 1905 ... Pad, 1
907 ... Substrate, 1908 ... Optical fiber, 19
09 ... Electrostatic shield, 1910 ... Shading material 2001 ... Components, 2002 ... Substrate, 2003 ...
..Photoelectric conversion elements, 2004 ... Through holes, 20
05, 2006 ... Pads, 2007 ... In-board wiring, 2008 ... Optical fiber built-in board, 2009 ...
..Optical fiber, 2010 ... Shading material, 2011
... Electrostatic shield 2101 ... Parts, 2102 ... Semiconductor, 2103
... Photoelectric conversion elements, 2104, 2107 ... Substrate wiring, 2105, 2106 ... Pads, 2108 ...
・ Optical fiber built-in substrate, 2109 ... Optical fiber, 2110 ... Shading material, 2111 ... Electrostatic shield 2201 ... Parts, 2202 ... Electric field intensity detector,
2203 ... Transmitter 2204 ... Arithmetic circuit, 2205 ... Unwanted radiation wave,
2206 ... Cancellation signal 2207 ... Signal generator, 2208 ... Antenna 2301 ... Electric field intensity detector, 2302 ... Unwanted radiation wave, 2303 ... Cancellation signal, 2304 ... Antenna 2401 ...・ Parts 2402 ... Electric field intensity detector,
2403 ... Transmitter 2404 ... Arithmetic circuit, 2405 ... Interference wave, 24
06 ... Cancellation signal 2407 ... Signal generator, 2408 ... Antenna 2501 ... Electric field intensity detector, 2502 ... Unwanted radiation wave, 2503 ... Cancellation signal 2601 ... Base station, 2602 ... Child Station A, 2603 ...
Slave station B, 2604 ... Downlink signal, 2605 ... Uplink signal,
2606 ... Directional beam, 2607 ... Directional antenna 2701 ... Human head, 2702 ... Portable radio, 2703
... Pin 2704 ... Beam, 2705 ... Package, 2706 ...
Substrate 2801 ... IC, 2802 ... Spiral inductor, 2
803 ... Pin 2804 ... Package, 2805 ... Board 2901 ... Pin, 2902 ... Package, 2903 ... Board 2904 ... GND surface 3001 ... Double beam, 3002 ... Beam, 3003
Current source 3004 ... GND surface, 3005 ... Current source image 3006 ... Beam image 3101 ... Pin, 3102 ... Package, 3103 ... Substrate 3104 ... GND surface 3201 ... Pin, 3202 ... Package, 3203 ... Metal surface 3204 ... Dielectric surface 3301 ... Metal cap, 3302 ... Slit, 330
3 ... Transmission line 3304 ... IC, 3305 ... Wire 3401 ... Metal cap, 3402 ... Slit, 340
3 ... Transmission line 3404 ... IC, 3405 ... Wire, 3406 ... Through hole 3407 ... Multilayer substrate 3501 ... Dielectric cap, 3502 ... Microstrip antenna 3503 ... Metal surface (GND surface), 3504 ... Transmission line (excitation line) 3601 ... Dielectric cap, 3602 ... Microstrip antenna 3603 ... Metal surface (GND surface), 3604 ... Transmission line (excitation line) 3605 ... GND layer, 3606 ... Wire, 3607 ...
IC 3608 ... Substrate 3701 ... Dielectric cap, 3702 ... Microstrip antenna 3703 ... Metal surface (GND surface), 3704 ... Transmission line (excitation line) 3705 ... GND layer 3801 ... Dielectric cap, 3802 ... Microstrip antenna 3803 ... Metal Surface (GND surface), 3804 ... Transmission line (excitation line) 3805 ... GND layer, 3806 ... Wire, 3807 ...
IC 3808 ... Substrate 3809 ... Slit 3901 ... Dielectric cap 3902 ... Square microstrip antenna 4001 ... Dielectric cap 4002 ... Spiral antenna 4101 ... Dielectric cap 4102 ... Microstrip antenna 4103 ... Metal surface (GND surface), 4104 ... Transmission line (excitation line) 4105 ... GND layer, 4106 ... Through hole 4201 ... Dielectric cap, 4202 ... Microstrip antenna 4203 ... Metal surface (GND surface), 4204 ... Transmission line (excitation line) 4205 ... GND layer, 4206 ... Through hole, 420
7 ... Wire 4208 ... IC, 4209 ... Substrate 4301 ... Dielectric cap, 4302 ... Inverted F antenna 4303 ... Metal surface (GND surface), 4304 ... Transmission line (excitation line) 4401 ... Dielectric cap, 4402 ... S shape Type antenna 4403 ... Metal surface (GND surface), 4404 ... Transmission line (excitation line) 4404 ... Through hole 4501 ... Package, 4502 ... Pin 4601 ... Receiving antenna spectrum 4602 ... Transmitting antenna spectrum 4701 ... Package, 4702 ... Pin 4801 ... System A spectrum 4802 ... System B spectrum 4901 ... Package, 4902 ... Pin, 4903 ... Receiving section 5001 ... Package, 5002 ... Pin 5101 ... Metal cap, 5102 ... Slit, 510
4 ... IC 5105 ... Wire 5201 ... Package 5202 ... Pin 5301 ... Metal cap 5302 ... Slit 530
3 ... IC 5304 ... Wire 5401 ... Package, 5402 ... Pin, 5403 ... Transmission line 5404 ... IC, 5405 ... Wire 5401 ... Package, 5402 ... Pin, 5403 ... Transmission line 5404 ... IC, 5405 ... Wire, 5406 ... Phaser 5601 ... Base station, 5602 ... Portable radio, 5603 ...
A1 zone 5604 ... A2 zone, 5605 ... A3 zone 5606 ... Time slot 5701 ... Base station, 5702 ... Portable wireless device, 5703 ...
A1 zone 5704 ... A2 zone, 5705 ... A3 zone 5706 ... A4 zone, 5707 ... Time slot 5801 ... Base station, 5802 ... Portable radio, 5803 ...
A1 zone 5804 ... A2 zone, 5805 ... A3 zone 5806 ... A1 'zone, 5807 ... A2' zone 5808 ... A3 'zone 6001 ... Base station, 6002 ... Oscillator, crystal oscillator,
6003 ... Frequency converter, 6004 ... Digital section,
6005 ... Modulation signal, 6006 ... Phase error information 6101 ... Received signal, 6102 ... Reference oscillation frequency, 6
103 ... Received signal at intermediate frequency or baseband,
6104 ... Filter at intermediate frequency or base band 6201 ... Frequency conversion circuit, 6202 ... Reception signal selection filter, 6203 ... Clock supplying oscillator, Crystal oscillator, 6204 ... Digital signal processing circuit, 620
5 ... Clock phase error detection filter, 6206 ... Phase error detection circuit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Tsurumi 1 Komukai Toshiba-cho, Sachi-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Incorporated Toshiba Research and Development Center

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A portable wireless device comprising: a wireless unit configured of a plurality of unit parts for transmitting and receiving wireless signals; and a relay unit for relaying signals between the first and second unit parts. The mobile unit is characterized in that the relay unit transmits an optical signal obtained by converting an electric signal from the first unit component, converts the optical signal into an electric signal, and transmits the electric signal to the second unit component. transceiver. 2. A portable wireless device having a wireless unit for transmitting and receiving wireless signals, comprising a control unit for controlling transmission power of wireless signals based on the magnitude of radiation power in a predetermined frequency band. A portable radio that does. 3. A portable wireless device including an integrated circuit device in which a transmitting unit or a receiving unit for transmitting or receiving a wireless signal is resin-sealed, wherein the transmitting unit or the receiving unit is directly connected to the antenna unit. And a portable radio. 4. A radio communication system in which a first mobile station and a second mobile station communicate with each other via a plurality of radio base stations, the radio base station and the first or second mobile station A wireless communication system characterized by controlling allocation of communication lines to be used by a first or second mobile station according to a distance. 5. In a radio communication system in which a first mobile station and a second mobile station communicate with each other via a plurality of radio base stations, the mobile station transmits a reference signal and a carrier signal of the mobile station. Means for detecting a frequency error and means for detecting a phase error between the reference signal and the received signal of the mobile station, wherein the radio base station corrects the carrier frequency based on the frequency error information from the mobile station. And a means for correcting the transmission time of the transmission signal based on the phase error information from the mobile station.