JPH0941387A - Slope protective material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a desired slope protective material by bonding synthetic fibers as a main body by binder fibers having the melting point lower than the synthetic fibers and forming fibrous blocks having specific physical properties. SOLUTION: Fibers as main bodies and binder fibers are blended, a web is formed by a combing machine, etc., and the binder components of the binder fibers are melted through a heat treatment equipment, and fibrous blocks, with which the fibers as main bodies are bonded, are prepared. The slope protective material having thickness of 10mm or more, bulk density of 0.015g/cm or more and the coefficient of permeability of 1×10<-3> cm/sec or more is selected. When strength is required, the slope protective material, in which a grid, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, etc., are rolled into the fibrous block, may also be used. When the slope protective material capable of resisting earth pressure is needed, the fibrous block is impregnated with a solidifying agent and rigidity can be increased.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a material for protecting an embankment slope such as an embankment, a road, a railroad, a landslide, etc.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When constructing embankments such as embankments, roads, railroads, and lands, slope protection materials are used to prevent the embankment slope from collapsing.

As a conventional slope protection material, there is a method of stacking sandbags for protection of the embankment slope, or forming the embankment slope with a concrete panel of a standard size. The former method is to create and transport the sandbag. The workability is poor because the construction is heavy. Recently, shortage of manpower and working conditions have become a problem, and lightweight workability is desired. In the latter method, concrete panels are transported by heavy equipment and hung by heavy equipment, but the concrete panels themselves do not have water permeability, so there is a drawback that they cannot be greened due to vegetation on the embankment slope, etc. There's a problem. Light weight and easy to handle,
A slope protection material that has good workability, can be used for vegetation after construction, and can be used for slope greening, and that is satisfactory in terms of cost has not yet been developed.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such a situation as described above, and is used for preventing the collapse of the embankment slope, and is light in workability when constructing the embankment. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a slope protection material that has good water permeability, is vegetable, and has a low construction cost.

[0005]

The present invention achieves the above object and has the following structure. That is, in the present invention, the main fiber is bonded with a binder fiber, the thickness is 10 mm or more, and the bulk density is 0.015 g.
A gist of the slope protection material is a fiber block having a water permeability of 1 cm ³ / cm ³ or more and a water permeability coefficient of 1 × 10 ⁻³ cm / sec or more.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below. In the present invention, the fibers mainly composed of the slope protection material may be ordinary textile fibers such as natural fibers and chemical fibers, but synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyester, vinylon, polyethylene and polypropylene. Is preferable, and among them, synthetic fibers having a crimp number of 8 pieces / 25 mm or more are preferable. Further, a fiber having a coil-like robust crimp made of a latent crimpable conjugate fiber is preferable, and a latent crimpable conjugate fiber made of a polyester-based polymer is particularly effective.

The features of the slope protection material of the present invention are that it is lightweight and bulky, and that it has sufficient water permeability for vegetation. For this, the number of crimps is 8 / 25m
It is preferable that synthetic fiber yarns having a length of m or more are bonded with a binder fiber. When the number of crimps of the synthetic fiber yarn is less than 8 pieces / 25 mm, the bulkiness and water permeability are deteriorated. It can be obtained by mixing synthetic fibers having a crimp number of 8/25 mm or more with binder fibers to form a web, and then heat treating the web while controlling the thickness.

The binder fiber used in the slope protection material of the present invention is a fiber having as a binder component a thermoplastic polymer having a melting point or softening point lower by 20 ° C. or more than the melting point or softening point of the fiber mainly composed. In the case where the fiber that is mainly constituted is a fiber that does not have a melting point, it may be a fiber that has a thermoplastic polymer having a melting point as a binder component. The binder fiber may be a fiber composed of only the binder component or a composite fiber having the binder component on the fiber surface.

That is, when the main fiber is a fiber having no melting point such as natural fiber such as cotton or regenerated fiber such as rayon, a general synthetic fiber having a melting point is used as the binder fiber. This can be done by using, and of course, the composite fiber can be used. When the main fiber is a synthetic fiber with a relatively high melting point such as polyester or nylon, polyethylene or polypropylene,
Copolymerized low melting point polyester fiber or the like can be used as the binder fiber, and nylon or polyethylene terephthalate is arranged in the core portion, and polyethylene, polypropylene,
A composite fiber having a sheath of low melting point copolyester or polypropylene or a composite fiber having polypropylene as a core and polyethylene as a sheath can be used as a binder fiber. Among them, it is preferable to use a polyester-based binder fiber in which polyethylene terephthalate is arranged in the core part and a copolymerized low melting point polyester such as a polyester copolymerized with 15 to 40 mol% of isophthalic acid is arranged in the sheath part.

In the slope protection material of the present invention, the main fiber and the binder fiber are mixed and formed into a web by a carding machine or the like, and then the binder component of the binder fiber is melted through a heat treatment device to form the main fiber. It is a bonded fiber block. The proportion of the main fiber and the binder fiber used is determined depending on the application or required characteristics, but generally the proportion of the binder fiber used may be 5 to 30% of the total.

As the heat treatment apparatus, a hot air circulating dryer, a hot air once-through dryer, a suction drum dryer, a Yankee dryer or the like is used, and also hot press molding or the like is used, and the processing temperature and the processing corresponding to the melting point of the low melting point vanider fiber are used. The heat treatment may be performed by selecting the time.

The slope protection material of the present invention must have a thickness of 10 mm or more. When this is used as a slope protection material, the fiber block-shaped slope protection material is broken by the earth pressure and the earth and sand of the embankment material is blown out. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but is about 300 mm from the viewpoint of manufacturing equipment, manufacturing cost, ease of handling, and the like. The width and the length may be set to a size that is easy to handle at the construction site, but may be set to about 300 to 1000 mm.

The bulk density of the slope protection material of the present invention is 0.015.
It must be g / cm ³ or more. Density is 0.015g /
If it is less than cm ³ , it will be liable to settle due to earth pressure and it is inappropriate. The upper limit of the density is not specified because it differs from the required performance such as soil pressure and water permeability depending on the application, but the slope protection material of the present invention can obtain sufficient water permeability for plant vegetation even if the bulk density is considerably increased. .

The permeability coefficient of the slope protection material of the present invention is 1 × 1.
It is necessary to set it to 0 ^-3 cm / sec or more. Permeability coefficient is 1 × 10
If it is less than ^-3 cm / sec, it can be used as a slope protection material, but separate drainage measures are required. The upper limit is not particularly limited as long as it can withstand a predetermined earth pressure.

When strength is required for the slope protection material of the present invention, the fibrous block may be wrapped with a grid, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric or the like to be used as the slope protection material. It can also be used as a vegetation material by mixing plant seeds into the fibrous block.

When constructing a high embankment having a steep slope, if a slope protector capable of resisting earth pressure is required, the fiber block may be impregnated with a solid agent to increase the rigidity. good. As the solid agent, general commercially available melamine resin, acrylic resin, phenol resin, urethane resin, coal tar, cement milk, etc. may be adjusted in concentration and impregnated amount so as to have the intended characteristics.

[0017]

EXAMPLES The present invention will now be described by way of examples, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. The methods for measuring various physical properties described in the present invention are as follows.

(1) Intrinsic viscosity Measured at 20 ° C. in a mixed solvent of an equal amount of phenol and ethane tetrachloride.

(2) Fineness Measured according to JIS L1015 7.5.1 method.

(3) Number of crimps Measured according to JIS L1015 7.12.1 method.

(4) Compressibility Measured according to JIS L1097 5.3 method. Weight B is 0.3 kg / cm ² (5) Permeability coefficient Measured according to JIS A1218-1977.

Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.687 (melting point 255 ° C.) and polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.470 (melting point 255 ° C.) were spun into a side-by-side type composite fiber having a composite ratio of 1: 1. Next, this unstretched yarn is combined so that the tow denier after stretching becomes 350,000 denier, and the stretching temperature is 67 ° C. and the stretching speed is 125 m /
Stretching was performed at a draw ratio of 3.1 times, followed by heat treatment at a tension heat treatment temperature of 160 ° C., mechanical crimping was given with a stuffer box, and a single yarn denier 6d was cut into 51 mm to obtain staple fibers. It was This raw cotton and polyester fiber binder fiber manufactured by Unitika Ltd. Melty <4080> 2d × 51 mm (binder component melting point 1
(10 ° C) in a weight ratio of 85:15, passed through a card, laminated with a cross wrapper to make a web with a basis weight of 600 g / m ² , passed through a needle rocker room having needles with barbs, and needle density. Needling was performed at 240 lines / cm ² . In addition, stack 6 of this web
Insert a mm-thick spacer between the wire nets sandwiched between them to control the thickness, and in a hot air circulation dryer at 160 ° C, 3
Heat treatment was performed for a minute, and the material was cut into a width of 500 mm and a length of 1000 mm to obtain a slope protection material of the present invention.

Example 2 The method of the present invention was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.470 was changed to polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.687 (melting point: 255 ° C.). A surface protection material was obtained.

Example 3 The fibrous block obtained in Example 2 was impregnated with 1000% of a cement milk solid agent dissolved in the same amount of water as commercially available Portland cement 1 and air-dried to obtain the surface of the present invention. I got a protective material.

Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained slope protection materials of Examples 1 to 3.

[0026]

[Table 1]

Embankments were constructed by stacking the slope protection materials obtained in Examples 1 to 3. The height of the embankment is 2.1
m, slope slope 1: 0 (vertical), embankment material is volcanic ash cohesive soil (unit volume weight 1.10 g / cm ² , moisture content 120%, fine particle content 39%, adhesive strength 0.10 kg / cm ² , with a shear resistance angle of 4.50 degrees), Spunbond AN200BKE manufactured by Unitika Ltd. was used as a reinforcing material by being wound around the slope protection material of the present invention, and the laying length was 1 m. An iron plate with a thickness of 9 mm was used as the embankment frame so that the embankment would not collapse to the left and right and behind. Each layer of the constructed fibrous block on the embankment slope was sown and planted with Satsuki. Immediately after the embankment was constructed, pore water began to flow into the lower spun-pond reinforcement material, and 10 days after the embankment was constructed, the upper layer of the embankment was submerged by 8 cm, and thereafter it was stable without subsidence. In the second month, the vegetated Satsuki sprouted and could be vegetated.

[0028]

The slope protection material of the present invention has a large porosity, is lightweight and easy to handle, has good workability, and has water permeability because the main fiber is bonded by the binder fiber. It is a slope protection material that can be used for slope revegetation due to vegetation and is satisfactory in terms of cost. By impregnating a solid agent or the like, it is possible to suitably cope with the case where rigidity is required as a slope protection material.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. The main fiber is bonded with a binder fiber, the thickness is 10 mm or more, and the bulk density is 0.015 g.
/ Cm ³ or more, the coefficient of water permeability is 1 × 10 ^-3 cm / sec or more of the fiber block, the slope protection material. 2. The main fiber comprises 8 crimps / 25 mm
A slope protection material, which is a synthetic fiber as described above. 3. The slope protection material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fibrous block is impregnated with a solid agent.