JPH09317609A - Starter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To restrain abrasion of a peripheral part of a plunger by not increasing coil copper quantity of an electromagnetic switch more than required without receiving regulation as regards an engine layout and preventing rotation of the plunger due to influence of engine oscillation and to improve a wiring property and an assembling property to a battery terminal and a switch terminal. SOLUTION: An electromagnetic switch 7 is positioned between a pinion 5 and an armature 10 in the axial direction on the outside in the diametrical direction of an output shaft 3, a central shaft 7A is arranged so as to be roughly in parallel with the output shaft 3, and the central shaft 7A is positioned on the inside of an outer peripheral surface of a starting motor 2. Additionally, this electromagnetic switch 7 is formed so that diametrical dimensions in the cross direction and in the longitudinal direction are not the same and each constitutional part is provided in a shape flat in the diametrical direction of a starter 1. Furthermore, a battery terminal 37 and a switch terminal 38 are respectively projected to the outside in the diametrical direction roughly in the same direction and set by being slipped in the axial direction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a starter for starting an engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional technique, a so-called two-axis type in which an electromagnetic switch is arranged outside in a radial direction of a starting motor and a central axis of the electromagnetic switch (a central axis of operation of a plunger) is parallel to a rotation axis of the starting motor. Starter (actual fair 6-4397
9) or a coaxial starter in which the central axis of the electromagnetic switch is provided coaxially with the rotating shaft of the starting motor (see Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-130071).

[0003]

However, in the two-axis starter, the electromagnetic switch is largely projected to the outside in the radial direction of the starting motor, so that the engine layout may be greatly restricted when the vehicle is designed. On the other hand, the coaxial starter can avoid the restriction on the engine layout, which is a problem of the two-axis starter, but since the plunger of the electromagnetic switch is arranged on the outer circumference of the output shaft, the outer diameter of the plunger is small. As the size increases, the inner diameter of the winding frame of the exciting coil also increases. As a result, there has been a problem that the amount of copper in the coil wound around the winding frame increases and the weight of the entire starter increases.

Further, in the conventional starter, since the plunger has a cylindrical shape, the plunger is rotated under the influence of the vibration of the engine during ignition of the engine, so that the sleeve disposed on the inner circumference of the winding frame or other In some cases, the sliding part of the plunger was worn. Further, when the battery terminal and the switch terminal are projected in substantially the same direction in the radial direction as in the starter shown in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-130071, the battery terminal and the switch terminal are arranged in the vicinity so that wiring is performed. However, there is also a problem in that the two terminals are too close to each other, so that the assembling property is deteriorated due to the interference of the wiring itself and tools.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. A first object of the present invention is not to be restricted by engine layout and to prevent the coil copper amount of an electromagnetic switch from being increased more than necessary. The second purpose is to provide a starter, prevent the rotation of the plunger due to the influence of engine vibration, and suppress the wear around the plunger.
The third object is to improve the wiring property and the assembling property to the battery terminal and the switch terminal.

[0006]

According to the first to fourth aspects of the invention, the central axis of the electromagnetic switch arranged substantially parallel to the output shaft is located radially inward of the outer peripheral surface of the starting motor. As a result, even in the two-axis starter, by locating the central axis of the electromagnetic switch radially inward of the outer peripheral surface of the starting motor, the moment due to engine vibration with respect to the electromagnetic switch is reduced, and the surrounding of the plunger due to the rotation of the plunger is reduced. Wear of the sliding portion can be suppressed, and the radial outward projection of the electromagnetic switch can be made relatively small. Also, 2
Because of the axial configuration, the amount of coil copper of the electromagnetic switch does not increase more than necessary.

According to the fifth and sixth aspects of the present invention, in the two-axis starter, the electromagnetic switch is provided such that the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the central axis is flat in the radial direction of the starter. As a result, as compared with the conventional starter in which the cross section of the electromagnetic switch is circular, the protrusion of the electromagnetic switch can be reduced by the amount of flattening in the radial direction. Further, by making the cross-sectional shape of the electromagnetic switch flat, in addition to the effects of claims 1 to 4, the rotation of the plunger due to the influence of engine vibration can be further prevented, so that the wear of the sliding portion around the plunger can be suppressed. Also occurs.

According to the seventh and eighth means, the battery terminal and the switch terminal project in substantially the same radial direction, so that they can be assembled from the same direction and the wiring performance can be improved. . Further, even if the battery terminal and the switch terminal are arranged in the vicinity in the same direction, since the positions of both terminals are displaced in the axial direction, it is possible to avoid the interference of the wiring itself and the tool.

[0009]

Next, a starter according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a starter. The starter 1 of this embodiment includes a starting motor 2 that generates a rotational force, an output shaft 3 that is rotationally driven by the starting motor 2, a one-way clutch 4 that is fitted to the output shaft 3, and a one-way clutch 4.
And the pinion 5 slidably provided on the output shaft 3 and the energization of the starting motor 2 are controlled, and the pinion 5 is integrated with the one-way clutch 4 via the lever 6 to the ring gear (not shown) of the engine. ) Side, it is composed of an electromagnetic switch 7 and the like.

The starting motor 2 has a yoke 8 which also serves as an outer frame and a magnetic circuit, a fixed magnetic pole 9 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 8, and an armature 10 arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the fixed magnetic pole 9.
It is composed of a brush 11 and the like for energizing the armature 10. The yoke 8 is provided in a cylindrical shape having a bottom portion 8 a, and an open end (right end in FIG. 1) of the yoke 8 is closed by an end frame 12. The fixed magnetic poles 9 are composed of, for example, a plurality of permanent magnets, and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the yoke 8. In the armature 10, one end side (left side in FIG. 1) of the rotary shaft 10a is extended to be integrated with the output shaft 3,
One end of the output shaft 3 is supported by a bearing 14 fixed to the housing 13, and the other end of the rotary shaft 10a is supported by a bearing (not shown) fixed to the end frame 12 and is rotatably arranged. .

The brush 11 is arranged radially outside a commutator 15 provided on one end side of the armature 10, is slidably held by a brush holder 16, and is constantly supported by the brush spring 17 on the commutator 15. Being energized. The output shaft 3 is provided integrally with the rotary shaft 10a of the armature 10 as described above, and rotates integrally with the rotary shaft 10a when the starting motor 2 is started. Further, the output shaft 3 is provided with a helical spline 3 a on the outer periphery near the armature 10.

The one-way clutch 4 (see FIG. 2) has a helical spline 18a formed on the inner circumference thereof, and the spline tube 1 meshes with the helical spline 3a of the output shaft 3.
8. Provided integrally with this spline tube 18,
An outer 19 having a wedge-shaped cam chamber 19a on the inner circumference, an inner 21 rotatably fitted to the output shaft 3 via a bearing 20 on the inner circumference of the outer 19, and a roller 22 accommodated in the cam chamber 19a of the outer 19 , A spring 23 for urging the roller 22 in the narrow direction of the cam chamber 19a.
The pinion 5 is provided integrally with the inner 21, and is rotatably fitted to the output shaft 3 via the bearing 24 in front of the inner 21 (on the left in FIG. 1). This pinion 5
Has a pinion gear 5a on the outer periphery, and this pinion gear 5a meshes with the ring gear of the engine to start the motor 2.
The rotational force of is transmitted to the ring gear.

The electromagnetic switch 7 is located on the outer circumference of the output shaft 3 in the radial direction and between the pinion 5 and the armature 10 in the axial direction, and is arranged so that the central shaft 7A is substantially parallel to the output shaft 3. There is. The electromagnetic switch 7 includes a suction coil 25 that generates a magnetic force when energized, a frame 26 that covers the outer circumference of the suction coil 25 and forms a part of a magnetic circuit, and a tubular shape that is arranged on the inner circumference of the suction coil 25. Sleeve 27, and the plunger 2 slidably arranged on the inner circumference of the sleeve 27.
8. Always keep this plunger 28 on the rear side (on the right side in FIG. 1).
It is composed of a return spring 29 for urging the motor, an internal contact (described below) for opening and closing the energizing circuit to the starting motor 2, an external terminal (described below) for connecting to external wiring, and the like. The plunger 28 urged by the return spring 29 contacts the elastic member 30 arranged on the rear side of the plunger 28 and is stationary. The elastic member 30 is attached to a plate-shaped member 31 fixed between the bottom portion 8a of the yoke 8 and the rear end surface of the housing 13.

The internal contacts are a motor-side fixed contact 33 and a battery-side fixed contact 34, which are fixed to the rear end surface of the frame 26 via an insulator 32, respectively, and an insulating elastic member 3.
The movable contact 36 is fixed to the rear end of the plunger 28 via the movable contact 36. The motor side fixed contact 33 is electrically connected to the positive electrode side brush 11 (upper side brush in FIG. 1) through a lead wire (not shown). The movable contact 36 moves integrally with the plunger 28 so that the fixed contacts 33,
The fixed contacts 33, 34 are brought into contact with each other to close the space between them. The external terminals are a battery terminal 37 to which a wire directly connected from a battery (not shown) is connected and a switch terminal 38 to which a wire from a key switch (not shown) is connected,
The magnetic switches 7 project outward in the radial direction of the electromagnetic switch 7 in substantially the same direction and are axially displaced (see FIG. 1), and are held by insulators 39 and 40, respectively, and insulated from the housing 13. The battery terminal 37 is provided integrally with the battery-side fixed contact 34, and a screw portion 37 a for connecting wiring from the battery is formed on the outer periphery of the tip side protruding to the outside of the housing 13. The switch terminal 38 is
Inside the housing 13, it is connected to a lead wire (not shown) of the suction coil 25.

The electromagnetic switch 7 described above does not have the same radial dimension in the horizontal and vertical directions in the cross section orthogonal to the central axis 7A, and as shown in FIG. 2, each component (frame 26, suction coil 25, sleeve). 27, the plunger 28, etc.) are provided in a flat shape in the radial direction of the starter 1 (vertical direction in FIG. 2). Further, the central shaft 7A is located inside the outer peripheral surface of the starting motor 2 (the outer peripheral surface of the yoke 8). The lever 6 driven by the electromagnetic switch 7 is formed of a plate-shaped elastic body, one end thereof is fixed to the rear end portion of the plunger 28, and the other end thereof is connected to a groove portion 18b formed on the outer periphery of the spline tube 18. Has been done.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When the key switch is closed, a current flows through the attraction coil 25 through the switch terminal 38, and the plunger 28 is attracted by the magnetic force generated by the attraction coil 25. This allows
The plunger 28 moves in the sleeve 27 forward (to the left in FIG. 1) against the urging force of the return spring 29. As the plunger 28 moves, the movable contact 36
Since the lever 6 also moves, the one-way clutch 4 is pressed via the lever 6, and the one-way clutch 4 and the pinion 5 integrally advance on the output shaft 3. The forward movement of the one-way clutch 4 and the pinion 5 stops when the end surface of the pinion gear 5a comes into contact with the end surface of the ring gear, but the plunger 28 is further attracted and moved while bending the lever 6, and the movable contact 36 is fixed on both sides. After contacting the contacts 33, 34, the movement stops when the rear end surface of the plunger 28 reaches the bottom surface of the frame 26.

The movable contact 36 comes into contact with both fixed contacts 33,
When the space between 34 is closed, a current flows through the armature 10 through the brush 11 and the commutator 15, and the armature 10 rotates. As the armature 10 rotates, the pinion 5 also rotates, and when the contact position of the pinion gear 5a and the ring gear shifts to a position where they can mesh with each other, the reaction force of the lever 6 pushes the one-way clutch 4 and the pinion 5 forward. , The pinion gear 5a meshes with the ring gear, and the rotational force of the armature 10 is transmitted from the pinion gear 5a to the ring gear to drive the engine. After engine ignition,
When the key switch is turned off, the energization of the suction coil 25 is stopped, so that the plunger 28 is returned by the urging force of the return spring 29 and collides with the elastic member 30. At this time, a large impact is applied to the plate-shaped member 31 via the elastic member 30, but the plate-shaped member 31 has a large plate thickness and is robust.
Since it is held by the bottom 8a of the plate-shaped member 31
It is possible to suppress deformation due to impact.

(Effect of this embodiment) In this embodiment, the central axis 7A of the electromagnetic switch 7 arranged substantially parallel to the output shaft 3 is located radially inward of the outer peripheral surface of the starting motor 2 and is The cross-sectional shape of the switch 7 is provided flat in the radial direction of the starter 1. As a result, the radial outward protrusion of the electromagnetic switch 7 can be reduced as compared with the conventional two-axis starter, so that the mountability on the vehicle is improved. In addition, since the plunger 28 is solid (not hollow) in the two-shaft configuration, the hollow plunger 2 is provided on the outer circumference of the output shaft 3.
The diameter of the plunger 28 can be reduced as compared with the conventional starter 1 in which 8 is arranged. As a result, the outer diameter of the sleeve 27 is also reduced, and the amount of copper used for the suction coil 25 can be reduced. Therefore, the weight and cost of the starter 1 as a whole can be reduced accordingly.

Further, by flattening the cross-sectional shape of the electromagnetic switch 7, the rotation of the plunger 28 due to the influence of engine vibration can be prevented, so that the wear of the sliding portion (for example, the sleeve 27) around the plunger 28 can be suppressed. Also occurs. Further, since the battery terminal 37 and the switch terminal 38 project in substantially the same radial direction, they can be assembled from the same direction, and the wiring performance can be improved. Further, even if the battery terminal 37 and the switch terminal 38 are arranged in the vicinity in the same direction, since the positions of both terminals are displaced in the axial direction, there is an effect that interference of the wiring itself, tools, etc. can be avoided.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the starter 1. The starter 1 of this embodiment includes a starter motor 2 that generates a rotational force, a planetary gear speed reducer that reduces the rotation of the starter motor 2 (described below), and a rotation output of the speed reducer that is transmitted to an output shaft 3. A directional clutch 4, a pinion 5 fitted to the output shaft 3, an electromagnetic switch 7 for controlling energization of the starting motor 2, and for urging the pinion 5 toward the ring gear via the lever 6 and the pinion sleeve 41. ing. The parts having the same names as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of their operation will be omitted.

The starting motor 2 is composed of a yoke 8, a fixed magnetic pole 9, an armature 10, a brush 11, etc., as in the first embodiment. The reduction gear is a rotary shaft 1 of the armature 10.
0a, the sun gear 42 formed on the outer periphery on the one end side, a plurality of planet gears 43 meshing with the sun gear 42, and each planet gear 4
The internal gear 44 meshes with the gear 3. The sun gear 42 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 10a, so that the rotating shaft 1
The rotation of 0a is transmitted to each planet gear 43. Planetary gear 43
Is a pin 4 fixed to the outer 19 of the one-way clutch 4.
It is rotatably supported via 5, and receives the rotation of the sun gear 42 and revolves around the outer circumference of the sun gear 42 while rotating on its axis. The rotation of the internal gear 44 is restricted by a center case 46 that covers the outer circumferences of the speed reducer and the one-way clutch 4.

The one-way clutch 4 is interposed between the outer 19 that rotates by receiving the revolving force of each planetary gear 43, the inner 21 provided on the outer periphery of the rear end of the output shaft 3, and the outer 19 and the inner 21. It is composed of rollers 22 and the like. The pinion 5 is fitted on the outer periphery of the output shaft 3 via the helical spline 3a, and engages with the ring gear on the outer periphery of the pinion gear 5.
a is formed. On the front side of the pinion 5, a spring 47 that biases the pinion 5 rearward is provided.

The electromagnetic switch 7 is located on the outer circumference of the output shaft 3 in the radial direction and axially between the pinion 5 and the one-way clutch 4, and is arranged so that the central shaft 7A is substantially parallel to the output shaft 3. Has been done. Similar to the first embodiment, this electromagnetic switch 7 has a suction coil 25, a frame 26, a sleeve 27, a plunger 28, a return spring 29, a motor side fixed contact 33, a battery side fixed contact 34, a movable contact 36, and a battery terminal 37. , Switch terminals (not shown) and the like. The plate member 31 that holds the elastic member 30 with which the plunger 28 abuts at the stationary position is held by the bottom portion 46 a of the center case 46.

Similar to the first embodiment, the electromagnetic switch 7 does not have the same radial dimension in the horizontal and vertical directions in the cross section orthogonal to the central axis 7A, and each component (frame 26,
The suction coil 25, the sleeve 27, the plunger 28, etc.) are provided in a flat shape in the radial direction of the starter 1.
Further, the central shaft 7A is located inside the outer peripheral surface of the starting motor 2 (the outer peripheral surface of the yoke 8). The lever 6 driven by the electromagnetic switch 7 is formed of a plate-shaped elastic body, one end of which is fixed to the other end of the plunger 28 and the other end of which is slidably fitted to the outer periphery of the output shaft 3. It is connected to the sleeve 41.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When the key switch is closed and a current flows through the suction coil 25, a magnetic force is generated in the suction coil 25 and the plunger 28 is attracted. As a result, the plunger 28 resists the urging force of the return spring 29 and moves backward in the sleeve 27 (see FIG. 1).
To the left). Since the movable contact 36 and the lever 6 also move with the movement of the plunger 28, the pinion sleeve 41 is pressed via the lever 6, and the pinion 5 pressed by the pinion sleeve 41 is output along the helical spline 3a. Move forward on axis 3. When the end surface of the pinion gear 5a comes into contact with the end surface of the ring gear, the pinion sleeve 41 and the pinion 5 stop moving forward,
The plunger 28 is further attracted and moved while bending the lever 6, and after the movable contact 36 contacts both fixed contacts 33 and 34, the plunger 28 moves when the rear end surface of the plunger 28 reaches the bottom surface of the frame 26. Stop.

The movable contact 36 comes into contact with both fixed contacts 33,
When the space between 34 is closed, a current flows through the armature 10 through the brush 11 and the commutator 15, and the armature 10 rotates. The pinion 5 also rotates as the armature 10 rotates, and when the contact position between the pinion gear 5a and the ring gear shifts to a position where they can mesh with each other, the reaction force of the lever 6 pushes the pinion sleeve 41 and the pinion 5 forward. The pinion gear 5a meshes with the ring gear, and the rotational force of the armature 10 is transmitted from the pinion gear 5a to the ring gear to drive the engine. When the key switch is turned off after ignition of the engine, the energization of the suction coil 25 is stopped, so that the plunger 28 is returned by the urging force of the return spring 29 and collides with the elastic member 30.
At this time, a large impact is applied to the plate-shaped member 3 via the elastic member 30.
In addition to the above, the plate-shaped member 31 has a large plate thickness and is held by the bottom portion 46a of the sturdy center case 46, so that deformation of the plate-shaped member 31 due to impact can be suppressed.

(Effect of this embodiment) In this embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. That is, the central axis 7A of the electromagnetic switch 7 arranged substantially parallel to the output shaft 3 is positioned radially inward of the outer peripheral surface of the starting motor 2, and the cross-sectional shape of the electromagnetic switch 7 is flat in the radial direction of the starter 1. Since the electromagnetic switch 7 is provided in the above, the protrusion of the electromagnetic switch 7 to the outside in the radial direction can be reduced as compared with the conventional two-axis starter. In particular, in this embodiment, since the electromagnetic switch 7 is arranged in the space generated between the pinion 5 and the one-way clutch 4 in the axial direction, the central axis 7A of the electromagnetic switch 7 is set to be smaller than that in the first embodiment. It is possible to arrange the electromagnetic switch 7 inward in the direction, and the protrusion of the electromagnetic switch 7 outward in the radial direction can be reduced accordingly. Further, by solidifying the plunger 28 in the two-axis configuration, the amount of copper used in the suction coil 25 can be reduced as compared with the conventional starter in which the hollow plunger 28 is arranged on the outer periphery of the output shaft 3. It is possible to reduce the weight of the starter 1 as a whole and reduce the cost.

Further, by flattening the cross-sectional shape of the electromagnetic switch 7, the rotation of the plunger 28 due to the influence of engine vibration can be prevented, so that the wear of the sliding portion (for example, the sleeve 27) around the plunger 28 can be suppressed. Also occurs. Further, since the battery terminal 37 and the switch terminal 38 project in substantially the same radial direction, they can be assembled from the same direction, and the wiring performance can be improved. Further, even if the battery terminal 37 and the switch terminal 38 are arranged in the vicinity in the same direction, since the positions of both terminals are displaced in the axial direction, there is an effect that interference of the wiring itself, tools, etc. can be avoided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a starter (first embodiment).

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a starter (second embodiment).

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Starter 2 Starter Motor 3 Output Shaft 3a Helical Spline 4 One-way Clutch 5 Pinion 7 Electromagnetic Switch 7A Center Shaft 10 Armature 10a Rotating Shaft 37 Battery Terminal 38 Switch Terminal 42 Sun Gear (Planetary Gear Reducer) 43 Planetary Gear (Planetary Gear Reducer) ) 44 internal gear (planetary gear reducer)

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A starter motor which generates a rotational force in an armature when energized, an output shaft which is rotationally driven by the starter motor, and a one-way clutch which is fitted to the output shaft via a helical spline. A pinion that is slidably provided on the output shaft integrally with a one-way clutch and that transmits the rotation transmitted through the one-way clutch to a ring gear of the engine; and the one-way clutch and the pinion integrally. In a starter provided with an electromagnetic switch for urging to the ring gear side, the electromagnetic switch is arranged on an outer circumference in a radial direction of the output shaft, a central axis of which is arranged substantially parallel to the output shaft, and the starter motor. A starter characterized by being located radially inward of the outer peripheral surface of the. 2. The starter according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic switch is arranged between a tip end surface of the pinion and an end surface of the armature on the pinion side. 3. A starter motor for generating a rotational force to an armature when energized, a planetary gear reduction device for reducing the rotation of the armature, and a one-way clutch for transmitting the rotation output of the planetary gear reduction device. , An output shaft to which the rotation output is transmitted via the one-way clutch, and an output shaft fitted to the output shaft via a helical spline and moving on the output shaft along the helical spline to form an engine ring gear. In a starter including a meshing pinion and an electromagnetic switch for urging the pinion toward the ring gear, the electromagnetic switch is arranged on an outer circumference in a radial direction of the output shaft, and a central axis thereof is substantially parallel to the output shaft. A starter that is arranged and is located radially inward of the outer peripheral surface of the starting motor. 4. The starter according to claim 3, wherein the electromagnetic switch is arranged between the pinion and the one-way clutch. 5. The starter according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic switch is provided such that a cross-sectional shape thereof orthogonal to the central axis is flat in a radial direction of the starter. 6. A two-axis starter in which a central axis of an electromagnetic switch is arranged parallel to a rotation axis of an armature, wherein the electromagnetic switch is provided such that a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the central axis is flat in a radial direction of the starter. Starter characterized by being. 7. The starter according to claim 1, wherein the battery terminal and the switch terminal provided on the electromagnetic switch project in substantially the same radial direction and are displaced from each other in the axial direction. Characterized starter. 8. A starter in which a battery terminal and a switch terminal are provided so as to project in substantially the same radial direction, wherein the battery terminal and the switch terminal are axially displaced from each other.