JPH09308439A - Initial feed - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an initial feed having excellent balance between nutrients and capable of improving the production efficiency and the growth rate of fly. SOLUTION: This initial feed contains an ovarium meal of a scallop in an amount of 5-50wt.% as an essential component. An animal protein such as fish meal, oils and fats such as pollack liver oil and vitamins, etc., are suitably selected and used as the other raw materials.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mixed feed for fish farming, and more particularly to an initial feed for the purpose of improving the survival rate and growth rate of fish farmed during the larval and juvenile season.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, techniques for producing artificial seedlings of various fish such as sweetfish, Thailand, flounder, yellowtail, striped horse mackerel have been established one after another, and seedling production is being carried out nationwide.

[0003] Conventionally, biological feeds such as horned rotifers and Artemia have been mainly used for breeding during the larval and juvenile seasons. As the alternative initial feed, use a mixed feed that is obtained by mixing protein liquids such as krill meal, scallop meal, and other mixtures with egg liquid of sharks rich in phospholipids and ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and then drying. There is a report. [JP-A-5-30923]

Therefore, a nutritionally important point of the initial feed used for the rearing during the larval and juvenile season is that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as EPA and DHA and water-soluble proteins account for a high proportion, and are particularly essential. It can be said that amino acids are contained in a good balance. Furthermore, lecithin content and available proteins
It is desirable that the content of lipids and ash is high, and there are reports from the viewpoint of decomposition and absorption in the digestive tract of larvae and larvae, and the effects of nutrient component elution of commercially available compound feed and changes in the components during storage. [Supervised by The Fisheries Society of Japan, pp. 89-98 (198
5), food organism series No. 10, Fisheries Agency, 1-25
Page (1988)]

As a method of utilizing the wastes (gill, midgut gland, gonads) generated during the processing of scallops, their use as feed has been studied. It has been reported that the scallop by-product obtained by drying and crushing the most boiled waste discharged during the production of dried scallops was fed the scallop by-product feed for abalone, which was supplemented with Hosomecomb, to Ezobafununi and Ezo abalone. [News from the North Water Trial, No. 28 16
~ 21 (1995), North Water Trial News, No. 28 1
5-21 (1995)]

[0006]

However, although research has been carried out from various fields, it is technically particularly difficult to breed immediately after hatching and during the larval and juvenile seasons, and the survival rate of seeds and seedlings is low, and the production cost is low. It is a big factor to push up.
Therefore, in order to improve the survival rate and growth rate of the larvae and fry, an initial feed having a better nutritional balance is required.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems regarding the initial feed, as a result of intensive research, scallop ovary meal prepared by selecting the ovary part of the gonad of the scallop was prepared as an important raw material for the initial feed. As a result, it was found that the growth rate, survival rate, etc. of fish can be dramatically improved, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention is characterized in that 5 to 50% by weight of scallop ovary meal is added to the raw material of the initial feed, and more preferably 15 to 30 scallop ovary meal.
The initial feed is characterized by being blended in a weight percentage.

The scallop ovary meal according to the present invention is a product obtained by drying and crushing the ovary part selected from the processing residues such as shells, midgut glands and gonads produced from a scallop processing plant. .

The initial feed of the present invention is characterized in that the scallop ovary meal obtained as described above is incorporated as one of the raw materials. Other raw materials include fish meal, squid meal, krill meal, animal proteins such as casein, cod liver oil, herring oil, highly unsaturated fatty acids, sources of oils and fats such as esters, minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates, other yeast extracts, It is possible to appropriately select and use from among amino acids, growth promoters and the like, depending on the type of target fish or the degree of growth thereof.

When the blending ratio of scallop ovary meal used in the initial feed of the present invention is 5% by weight or less, the effect of increasing the survival rate of larvae is small. On the other hand, when the content is 50% by weight or more, the survival rate commensurate with the improvement is not recognized.

The initial feed of the present invention is produced by mixing the scallop ovary meal with the above-mentioned other raw materials, and by the granulation method used in a usual mixed feed. Next, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples.

[0013]

Example 1 Below, general analysis values of scallop ovary meal added to the initial feed used in the examples of the present invention are shown.

[0014]

[Table 1] Table 1. General analysis value of scallop ovary meal (%) ──────────────── Moisture 13.11 Crude protein 69.58 Crude fat 9.03 Crude ash 10.23 Carbohydrate 4.75 Water soluble Sexual protein 8.56 ────────────────

From Table 1, it is estimated that the ratio of the water-soluble protein in the crude protein is around 12.30%, and the scallop ovary meal contains a large amount of protein that is easily digested and absorbed by larvae and fry whose digestive tract is not fully developed. It was shown that Moreover, from FIG. 1, it was shown that the lecithin content was high. Further, from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, it was confirmed that a large amount of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as EPA and DHA contained essential amino acids in a well-balanced manner, and scallop ovary meal was suitable as a raw material for the initial feed. Was confirmed.

[0016]

Example 2 Feed ingredients were mixed according to the formulation shown in Table 2 and an initial feed A for carp according to the present invention was prepared using a fluidized bed granulator. For comparison, a feed B containing North Sea fish meal as a main raw material was similarly prepared.

[0017]

[Table 2] Table 2. Feed composition for carp (%) ───────────────────── Feed A Feed B ────────────────── --Scallop ovary meal 20-North Sea fish meal 22 42 Krill meal 20 20 Wheat flour 20 20 Vitamin mix 5 5 Mineral mix 5 5 Soy lecithin 3 3 Fish oil 5 5 ─────────────── ─ ───── 245 juvenile carp were stored in a 20 L Panlite aquarium, and the initial feed A for carp according to the present invention shown in Table 2 was fed satiety and fed for 16 days. In addition, as a comparative test, feed B was administered in the same amount as above. Water temperature during breeding is 17.0
At ~ 20.0 ° C, aeration was 20-30 ml / min. At the start of the test, the flow of water was changed to slightly flowing water, and then the water quality was increased to about 6 revolutions / day while measuring the water quality. Table 3 shows the growth and survival rate after breeding for 16 days.

[0018]

[Table 3] Table 3. Carp breeding results ─────────────────────── Feed A Feed B ───────────────────── --Starting number 245 245 Weight (mg) 8.4 8.4 Ending (16 days later) Number 195 134 Survival rate (%) 79.6 54.7 Body weight (mg) 90.4 78.7 ─ ────────────────────── From Table 3, the initial feed A for carp according to the present invention was confirmed to have improved survival rate and growth rate.

[0019]

Example 3 Feed ingredients were mixed according to the composition shown in Table 4, and an initial feed A for red sea bream according to the present invention was prepared using a fluidized bed granulator. For comparison, a feed B containing North Sea fish meal as a main raw material was similarly prepared.

[0020]

[Table 4] Table 4. Feed mix for red sea bream (%) ───────────────────── Feed A Feed B ────────────────── --Scallop Ovarian Meal 20-North Sea Fish Meal 12 32 Squid Meal 20 20 Krill Meal 20 20 Wheat Flour 10 10 Vitamin Mix 5 5 Mineral Mix 5 5 Soy Lecithin 3 3 Fish Oil 5 5 ──────────── ───────── 300 larvae of the juvenile stage were stored in a 100 L Panlite aquarium, and the initial feed A for red sea bream according to the present invention shown in Table 4 was used.
Was fed satiety and fed for 35 days. In addition, as a comparative test, feed B was administered in the same amount as above. The water temperature during the breeding period is 1
At 7.0 to 20.0 ° C, aeration was 20 to 30 ml / min. At the start of the test, the flow of water was changed to slightly flowing water, and then the water quality was increased to about 6 revolutions / day while measuring the water quality. Table 5 shows the growth and survival rate after breeding for 35 days.

[0021]

[Table 5] Table 5. Red sea bream breeding result ─────────────────────── Feed A Feed B ───────────────────── ─── Starting number 300 300 300 Weight (mg) 110 110 End (after 35 days) Number 212 138 Survival rate (%) 70.7 46.0 Weight (mg) 1570 1130 ────────── ────────────── From Table 5, it was confirmed that the red sea bream initial feed A according to the present invention improved the survival rate and the growth rate.

[0022]

Example 4 Feed ingredients were mixed according to the composition shown in Table 6 and a small meat chopper was used to prepare an initial feed A for prawns according to the present invention. For comparison, a feed B containing North Sea fish meal as a main raw material was similarly prepared.

[0023]

Table 6 Table 6. Feed composition for prawns (%) ───────────────────── Feed A Feed B ────────────────── --Scallop Ovarian Meal 20-North Sea Fish Meal-20 Squid Meal 20 20 Krill Meal 20 20 Wheat Flour 10 10 Vitamin Mix 5 5 Mineral Mix 5 5 Soy Lecithin 4 4 Fish Oil 5 5 Cholesterol 11 1 Feed Yeast 10 10 ───── ──────────────── 25 larvae of juvenile larvae in a 200L Panlite tank
The tail was housed, and the initial feed A for the prawns according to the present invention shown in Table 6 was fed satiety and fed for 42 days. In addition, as a comparative test, feed B was administered in the same amount as above. The water temperature during the breeding period is 17.0 to 20.0 ° C, and the aeration is 20 to 30 ml /
Minutes At the start of the test, the flow of water was changed to slightly flowing water, and then the water quality was increased to about 6 revolutions / day while measuring the water quality. Table 7 shows the growth and survival rate after breeding for 42 days.

[0024]

Table 7 Table 7. Kuruma prawn breeding results ───────────────────────── Feed A Feed B ────────────────── ─────── At the start 25 25 Weight (g) 0.86 0.87 At the end (42 days later) Number 25 25 Survival rate (%) 100 100 Weight (g) 4.41 3.23 ─ ──────────────────────── From Table 7, according to the initial feed A for prawns according to the present invention,
Improvements in survival rate and growth rate were observed.

[0025]

As described in detail above, the initial feed according to the present invention uses scallop ovary meal as an important raw material,
By including the meal in an amount of 5 to 50% by weight in the raw material formulation, nutritional balance is adjusted, and the survival rate and growth rate of larvae and fry in seed production are dramatically improved, which is welcomed by the seed production industry. It has high quality.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing analysis values of lipid components (%) of scallop ovary meal used in Examples.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing analysis values of fatty acid composition (%) of scallop ovary meal used in Examples.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the analysis values of amino acid composition (%) of scallop ovary meal used in Examples.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A mixture of scallop ovary meal,
An initial feed characterized by: 2. The initial feedstuff according to claim 1, wherein the content of scallop ovary meal is 5 to 50% by weight.