JPH0929571A - Work vice an movable pawl - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vice for fixing a work to a table of a machine tool, having a pawl which can be opened by a large degree, having a durability while restraining intrusion of chips, and capable of gripping a workpiece is precise posture with no eccentric contact. SOLUTION: A slide guide 5 laid in a longitudinal direction of an elongated base 3 is provided thereto with a movable bed 18 positioned by positioning means 17 which are provided at predetermined pitches on the base 3, and a slide bed 19 which is movable to and from the movable bed 18 through the intermediary of a screw rod 23 bringing between the movable bed 18 and the slide bed 19, and a movable pawl 15 is provided on one side of the slide bed 19 which is remote from the movable bed 18. Further, a protrusion 19a extending toward the movable bed 18 is integrally incorporated with the upper part of the slide bed, and a receiving part 18a extending toward the slide bed 19 is provided in the lower part of the movable bed 18, the lower surface of the protrusion and the upper surface of the receiving part defining a slide plane 20 in which they are made into slidably contact with each other. The movable pawl 15 incorporate a bed block having a joint surface formed in a multi-stage saw-like shape, and a pawl block.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vise used for fixing a work to a table or a mounting jig of a machine tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various work vise for fixing a work to a table of a machine tool are used depending on the structure of the machine tool and the shape and material of the work. Generally, a structure in which a fixed claw is provided at one end of a base fixed to a table of a machine tool, and a movable claw that moves along a slide guide on the base by the screwing action of the feed screw is provided facing the fixed claw Target.

FIG. 15 shows the mounting structure of the movable claw disclosed by the applicant in the previous application. This structure has a moving table 18 and a sliding table 19 that move along the slide guide 5.
Is provided, an upper semi-circular knock hole 55 that opposes the lower semi-circular knock hole 17 of the base 3 is provided in the leg portion 25 of the moving base, and slides on the screw rod 23 that is rotatably inserted in the bearing portion 24 of the moving base. The table is screwed, and the movable claw 15 is attached to the side opposite to the slide table 19 of the slide table 19.

When gripping a work with the work vise of FIG. 15, a knock hole 55 of the movable table is fitted in accordance with the length of the work.
To face one of the knock holes 17 on the base,
The movable base 18 is fixed by inserting 9 and the movable base 18 is opened and closed by rotating the screw rod 23 to move the slide base 19 forward and backward. In this work vise, the size of the moving table T
The area where the workpiece can be gripped is narrowed by the length obtained by adding the dimension L of the slide table. In addition, chips are transferred to the moving table 18
There is a problem that it enters the space between the slide table 19 and the slide table 19.

As shown in FIG. 16, the movable claw 15 is composed of a base block 42 and a claw block 43 slidably abutting on an inclined pressing surface 47, and a reaction force F from the work.
There is one in which the work is pressed against the reference surface by generating a downward component force in the claw block 43. When the claw is opened, the tension spring 56 is used to move the claw block 43.
Is raised. However, the movable claw of this structure has a drawback that when the work is gripped by the upper part of the claw, the claw block 43 does not move down smoothly and the work cannot be pressed against the reference surface. If an attempt is made to increase the gradient of the pressing surface 47 in order to make the downward movement smooth, the movable claw 15
However, there is a drawback in that the size of the work that can be gripped becomes smaller because the thickness of the product becomes thicker.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a work vise having a structure capable of widening the amount of opening of a nail, having durability, and having a structure in which chips cannot enter, and An object of the present invention is to provide a movable claw capable of pressing a work downward without holding the work when holding the work.

[0007]

A work vise according to a first aspect of the present invention is positioned by a slide guide 5 provided in the longitudinal direction of an elongated base 3 by a positioning means 17 provided at a predetermined pitch on the base 3. A movable rod 18 and a screw rod 23 mounted in parallel with the slide guide 5 between the movable rod 18 and the movable rod 18.
The slide base 1 that can be screwed into the movable base 18 and can be moved toward and away from the movable base 18.
9 is provided, and the movable claw 15 is provided on the side opposite to the slide table 19 of the slide table 19.
In the work vise provided with, the convex portion 19a extending toward the moving table is integrally provided on the upper portion of the slide table, and the receiving portion 18a extending toward the sliding table is provided at the lower portion of the moving table. The slide surface 20 is parallel to the slide guide 5 that is slidably in contact with the upper surface.

According to a second aspect of the work vise of the present invention, a gate-shaped eave portion 38 extending to both sides of the bearing portion 24 of the movable table is integrally provided on the slide table 19, and a side wall lower surface 39 of the eave portion is formed. Of the sliding surface 20, and the inner surface 41 of the side wall of the eaves is a flat surface 41 orthogonal to the lower surface of the side wall.
The horizontal guide surface 26 and the vertical guide surface 27, which are in sliding contact with the lower surface 39 and the inner surface 41, are provided on both sides of the bearing portion.

A movable claw according to a third aspect of the present invention is a stand having a front surface having a multi-step sawtooth shape including a pressing surface 47 inclined obliquely downward with respect to a reaction force from a work and a receiving surface 48 intersecting with the pressing surface. The block 42 and a claw block 43 provided with a multi-step sawtooth shape on the back surface, which includes a lower moving surface 51 slidingly contacting the pressing surface 47 and a contact surface 52 facing the receiving surface 48, are provided. The base block and the claw block are fastened to each other via the elastic member 44 with the cushioning material 53 interposed therebetween.

A movable pawl according to a fourth aspect is characterized in that, in the movable pawl having the above structure, the push-down surface 47 of the base block and the lower moving surface 51 of the pawl block are multi-stage cylindrical surfaces having one central axis S. It is what

[0011]

In the work vise according to the present invention, the lower part of the slide table and the upper part of the movable table are notched, and the upper surface of the convex portion 19a and the lower surface of the receiving portion 18a formed by the notch are slides which receive the vice reaction force. Since the surface 20 is used, it is possible to shorten the structure for supporting the movable claw by the notched size without impairing the rigidity.

In the work vise according to the second aspect, since the eave portion connected to the slide surface 20 is provided, invasion of cutting chips can be prevented. In addition, the reaction force from the work acts on the tip of the eaves, and the arm length of the moment that resists the reaction force becomes longer, so the pressure applied to the slide surface becomes smaller and excessive force is not locally applied to the device. Durability is improved.

Since the movable claw according to claim 3 has the base block and the claw block in which the surfaces having the multi-step sawtooth shape are in contact with each other, when the work is gripped, one-sided contact does not occur, and the lower surface of the work. Can be pressed against the slide guide 5 serving as a reference surface, and the positional accuracy of the work can be improved. Further, the gradient of the pressing surface 47 can be increased without changing the wall thickness of the movable claw.

The movable claw according to claim 4 is a claw block 43.
Since the rotation is substantially horizontal with respect to the base block 42, the work having the tapered side surface 64 can be surely gripped.

[0015]

1 to 6 show a first embodiment of the present invention, which is an embodiment having the structures of claims 1 and 2. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the work vise 1 according to the present embodiment includes an elongated base 3 having an inverted T-shaped cross section having a collar 2 at the lower portions of both sides, and the inverted vice mounted on the table on the collar 2. L
The shaped piece 4 is locked and fixed to the table. A slide guide 5 having a T-shaped cross section is integrally provided on the upper surface of the base 3, and recessed grooves 6, 6 extending in the longitudinal direction are provided on both sides of a connecting portion between the slide guide 5 and the base 3. There is.

As shown in FIG. 1, a mounting surface 7 which is flush with the upper surface of the slide guide 5 is provided at one end of the base. A block body 9 is fixed to the mounting surface via a key 8 with a bolt 11. Fixed claw 12 on the block body 9
Are fixed with screws 13. The movable claw 15 facing the fixed claw 12 is fixed by a screw 16 to a slide base 19 slidably mounted on the slide guide 5. The movable table 18 is slidably attached to the slide guide 5 adjacent to the side opposite to the fixed claws of the slide table 19. As shown in FIG. 2, on one side surface of the base, knock holes 17 having a center near the lower side of the groove 6 are provided at a constant pitch along the slide guide. The depth of the knock hole 17 is deeper than the depth of the concave groove 6.

FIG. 3 shows the movable table 18, and FIG. 4 shows the slide table 1.
9 are shown respectively. The upper part of the moving table 18 on the sliding table side and the lower part of the sliding table 19 on the moving table side are shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 6, the same size R is cut out. Due to this notch, a receiving portion 18a extending to the slide table side is formed in the lower portion of the moving table 18, and a convex portion 19a extending to the moving table side is formed in the upper portion of the sliding table 19, and the upper surface of the receiving portion 18a and the convex portion 19a are formed. The lower surfaces of the slide guides 5 are in surface contact with each other to form a slide surface 20 parallel to the slide guide 5. Further, an eave portion 38 having a gate-shaped cross section integrally extends above the movable table 18 from the end surface of the convex portion 19a on the movable table side.

The movable table 18 has a bearing portion 24 for rotatably supporting the screw rod 23 and a leg portion 25 slidably contacting both side surfaces of the slide guide. The screw rod 23 cannot move in the axial direction due to the flange 21 and the collar 22 located on both sides of the bearing portion 24. The bearing portion 24 is narrower than the leg portion 25, and both shoulder surfaces of the leg portion 25 are horizontal guide surfaces 26 that are flush with the slide surface 20. The convex portion 19a is formed in a shape in which the leg portion 25 is directly extended to the slide base side. Further, a horizontal guide surface 26 is provided on the side wall of the bearing portion 24.
A vertical guide surface 27 orthogonal to the is formed. Protrusions 28 that fit into the recessed grooves 6 are provided at the inner intermediate positions of the both side leg portions. A knock pin 29 that fits into the knock hole 17 of the base is attached to one of the legs so that the knock pin 29 can be retracted inward. A shallow groove 31 in the axial direction is provided on the peripheral surface of the knock pin 29, and the tip of a set screw 32 attached to the leg portion 25 is engaged with the groove 31 to prevent the knock pin from falling off.

The slide base 19 has a female screw portion 33 to be screwed with a screw rod 23 pivotally supported on the moving base, and a skirt portion 34 slidably contacting both side surfaces of the slide guide. A ridge 35 that fits in the groove 6 is provided.

The female screw portion 33 is provided on the convex portion 19a of the slide base 19, and a counterbore hole 36 is formed on the fixed claw side of the female screw portion 33. The screw rod 23 projects from the female screw portion into the counterbore hole 36, and a washer 37 is attached to the tip of the screw rod 23 to prevent the screw rod 23 from coming off the female screw portion 33 (see FIG. 5). . The movable claw 15 is mounted so as to close the counterbore 36.

The eaves 38 of the gate-shaped section extending from the convex portion 19a of the slide base to the side of the movable base extend so as to cover the bearing portion 24 of the movable base, and the lower surface 39 of the eaves is horizontal to the movable base. The guide surface 26 and the side wall inner surface 41 of the eaves portion are in sliding contact with the vertical guide surface 27 of the bearing portion 24, respectively. The length of the eaves part 38 is slightly longer than the pitch of the knock holes 17 of the base, and the eaves part 38 does not come off from the bearing part 24 even when the movable base and the slide base are separated from each other.
It prevents the invasion of chips between the 9th and 9th sections.

When gripping a work with the work vise 1 of the present embodiment, one side of the work is brought into contact with the fixed pawl 12 and placed on the slide guide 5, the movable pawl 15 is brought closer to the knock pin 17 in the nearest knock hole 17. Mobile platform 1 with 29
8 is fixed. Next, turn the screw rod 23 to slide the slide base 19
And the movable claw 15 and the fixed claw 12 grip the work. The reaction force acting on the movable claw when the work is clamped acts to tilt the slide base 19 toward the moving claw side, but since this tilt is received by the slide surface 20, the width of the slide base 19 in the sliding direction is reduced. Even if it is narrow, it can be effectively prevented from falling down, and a compact and highly rigid vise can be obtained.

7 and 8 show the detailed structure of the movable claw. The movable pawl 15 is composed of a base block 42 fixed to the slide base side and a work side pawl block 43, and both blocks are fastened by a stepped screw 45 with a disc spring 44 interposed. The front surface of the base block 42 has a multi-step sawtooth shape, and includes an oblique pressing surface 47 and a receiving surface 48 orthogonal to the pressing surface 47.

The back surface of the claw block 43 has a sawtooth shape which is upside down with respect to the front surface of the base block, and has a lower moving surface 51 that is in sliding contact with the pressing surface and a contact surface 52 that faces the receiving surface 48. There is. The contact surface 52 has an oil-resistant rubber sheet 53.
Are attached, and the base block 42 and the claw block 43 are pressed against each other by the disc spring 44 of the stepped screw 45 via the rubber sheet 53. When the movable claw 15 is mounted on the slide base 19 and a work is held between the movable claw 15 and the fixed claw 12, the reaction force from the work acting on the claw block 43 causes the claw block 43 to slightly move obliquely downward along the pressing surface. Slide on. As a result, the lift of the slide base 19 can be absorbed and the work can be pressed against the reference surface (the upper surface of the slide guide 5), so that the positioning accuracy of the work can be improved.

9 to 11 show another embodiment of the movable claw. In the movable pawl of this embodiment, the pressing surface 47 of the base block and the lower moving surface 51 of the pawl block are formed by a plurality of cylindrical surfaces having an oblique central axis S parallel to the pressing surface in front of the pawl block. . Therefore, the saw-tooth shape of the base block and the claw block has a gentle mountain shape in which both ends are low and the center is high. The stepped screw 45 screwed into the claw block 43 is inserted into a long hole 61 provided in the center of the base block 42 in the lateral direction (direction orthogonal to the axis S), and the disc spring 44 is released. Both 43 and 42 are fastened together. In addition, stopper bolts 62 whose front ends project from the contact surface 52 of the first step are screwed into both upper corners of the claw block 43. The tip of the stopper bolt 62 extends partway through the through hole 63 provided in the rubber sheet 53 so that the rubber sheet can contract and is not crushed.

When the work 54 having the tapered side surface 64 is gripped by the movable claw of the above embodiment, when the movable claw 15 contacts the work, the claw block 43 follows the central axis of the work so as to follow the tapered side surface 64 of the work. It rotates about S in a substantially horizontal direction. At this time, the stepped screw 45 also moves in the long hole 61 of the base block. When the screw rod 23 is further rotated after the claw block follows the taper side surface, the claw block moves the rubber sheet 53.
While moving the workpiece 54 downward along the pressing surface 47,
Press the bottom of the to the slide guide 5. Rubber sheet 5
When 3 is compressed to some extent, the tip of the stopper bolt 62 projects from the through hole 63, and the receiving surface 48 of the base block
And the downward movement of the claw block stops.

12 to 14 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a fixed claw is detachably provided at an intermediate position of the elongated base 3 and movable claws are provided at both ends. In the center of the base 3, a block body 9
Are fixed by bolts 11, and fixing claws 12, 12 are fixed on both sides of the block body 9. A movable table 18 and a slide table 19 similar to those of the first embodiment are provided at both end portions of the base table 3.
Is provided, and the movable claw is fixed to the slide base 19. When the block body 9 is attached, the two works 54, 54 can be held as shown in FIG. 13, and when the block body 9 is removed, the large work 54 can be held as shown in FIG. it can.

[0028]

As described above, according to the work vise of the present invention, since the structure for supporting the movable claw can be shortened in the sliding direction of the movable claw, the work length that can be held can be increased. it can. In addition, by providing an eaves part on the slide base to cover the moving base, it is possible to prevent the slide base from swinging in the horizontal direction, and to prevent chips from entering between the moving base and the slide base. The force applied to the surface is reduced and durability can be improved.

Further, according to the movable claw of the present invention, the work can be gripped with high positional accuracy, and the processing accuracy can be improved. Further, by making the claw block rotatable, it is possible to reliably and accurately grip a work having a tapered side surface.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a first embodiment of a work vise.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the first embodiment of the work vise.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a mobile table.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a slide base.

[Fig. 5] Side view of partial destruction when the movable table and the slide table are close to each other.

FIG. 6 is a side view of partial destruction when the movable table and the slide table are separated from each other.

FIG. 7 is an exploded side view of the first embodiment of the movable claw.

FIG. 8 is an exploded plan view of the first embodiment of the movable claw.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the second embodiment of the movable claw.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a second embodiment of the movable claw.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a usage state.

FIG. 12 is a side view of the second embodiment of the work vise.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a first usage example.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a second usage example.

FIG. 15 is a side view of a partially broken work vise having a conventional structure.

FIG. 16 is a front view showing a conventional movable claw.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Base 5 Slide guide 15 Movable pawl 17 Knock hole 18 Moving base 18a Receiving part 19 Sliding base 19a Convex part 20 Sliding surface 23 Screw rod 24 Bearing part 25 Leg part 26 Horizontal guide surface 27 Vertical guide surface 29 Knock pin 33 Female thread part 34 Hem section 38 Eaves 42 Block 43 Claw block 47 Pushing surface 48 Receiving surface 51 Downward moving surface 52 Contact surface 53 Rubber sheet

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A movable table (18) positioned on a slide guide (5) provided in the longitudinal direction of an elongated base (3) by a positioning means (17) provided at a predetermined pitch on the base (3). And a slide base (19) that can be brought into contact with and separated from the movable base (18) by screwing with a screw rod (23) mounted in parallel with the slide guide (5) between the movable base (18) and the movable base (18). ) Is provided, and the movable claw (15) is provided on the opposite side of the slide base (19) to the movable base, a convex portion (19a) extending toward the movable base is integrally provided on the upper part of the slide base and the movable base is also provided. At the bottom of the
The work vise is characterized in that a) is provided, and the lower surface of the convex portion and the upper surface of the receiving portion are formed as a slide surface (20) parallel to the slide guide (5) slidably in contact with each other. 2. The slide base (19) is integrally provided with a gate-shaped eaves (38) extending to both sides of the bearing (24) of the movable base, and the side wall lower surface (39) of the eaves is claimed. While making the same surface (39) as the slide surface (20) described, the side wall inner surface (41) of the eaves portion is a plane (41) orthogonal to the side wall lower surface, and the lower surface (39) and inner surface ( 41) Horizontal guide surface (26) and vertical guide surface
The work vise according to claim 1, further comprising (27). 3. A base block (42) provided on the front surface with a multi-step sawtooth shape consisting of a pressing surface (47) inclined obliquely downward with respect to a reaction force from a work and a receiving surface (48) intersecting with the pressing surface. )
And a claw block (43) provided on the back with a multi-step sawtooth shape consisting of a lower moving surface (51) slidingly contacting the pressing surface (47) and a receiving surface (52) facing the receiving surface (48). A movable claw of a work vise, characterized in that a cushioning material (53) is interposed between the receiving surface and the contact surface and the base block and the claw block are fastened together by an elastic member (44). . 4. The pressing surface (47) of the base block and the lower moving surface (51) of the claw block are multi-stage cylindrical surfaces having one central axis (S), as claimed in claim 3. Movable claw.