JPH09295177A - Laser beam machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a laser beam machine that minimizes the number of additional feed shafts, in performing combined machining in which working other than laser beam machining is added, and that enables high speed and high precision laser machining to be secured. SOLUTION: The machine is provided with a machining table 5 freely movable in the X-axis direction on a bed 3; Y-axis carriage 15 freely movable in the Y-axis direction, on an upper frame 9U in the machine body frame 9 installed on the bed 3; and a laser machining head 19 on the Y-axis carriage 15. In this case, an additional machining unit 21 freely attachable to or detachable from the Y-axis carriage 15 is provided in a retreating position on one end side of the upper frame 9U.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laser processing machine capable of performing a combination of processing other than laser processing on a work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a laser processing machine of a uniaxial machining table moving type and a uniaxial light moving type is known. In this laser processing machine, a processing table that is movable in the X-axis direction is provided on the bed. A processing machine main body frame is attached to the bed, and a Y-axis carriage movable in the Y-axis direction is provided on an upper frame of the processing machine main body frame. A laser processing head is provided on this Y-axis carriage.

With the above construction, the work table is moved in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis carriage is moved in the Y-axis direction while the work to be machined is placed and fixed on the work table, and the laser beam is emitted from the laser processing head. The workpiece is laser-processed by irradiating the workpiece with.

When performing complex processing by adding punching, drilling, tapping, etc. to the work together with the laser processing, an additional processing point is provided at a position apart from the laser processing point by the laser processing head. I am going. Alternatively, it is also known that an additional processing unit is provided on a Y-axis carriage provided with a laser processing head to perform composite processing.

[0005]

By the way, of the above-described conventional laser multi-tasking machines, a laser multi-tasking machine having an additional processing point at a position distant from the laser processing point is separated from the feed shaft at the time of laser processing. Since an independent feed axis is added, the space and price are larger and more expensive than a laser-only machine.

Further, in the laser combined machining machine in which the additional machining unit is provided on the side of the laser machining head in the Y-axis carriage, the weight is increased on the laser moving axis, and the high speed of the laser machining machine,
It becomes difficult to achieve high precision.

An object of the present invention is to provide a laser which is capable of ensuring high-speed and high-accuracy laser processing while minimizing the number of additional feed axes when performing complex processing other than laser processing. Providing processing machines.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a laser beam machine according to the present invention according to claim 1 is provided with a machining table movable on the bed in the X-axis direction and mounted on the bed. A laser processing machine comprising a Y-axis carriage movable in the Y-axis direction on an upper frame of a main body frame, and a laser processing head provided on the Y-axis carriage. It is characterized in that a Y-axis carriage and an additional processing unit that can be engaged and disengaged are provided.

Therefore, when only the laser processing is performed on the workpiece, the additional processing unit is provided at the retracted position on the one end side of the upper frame in the main frame of the processing machine.
Laser processing is performed on the work by moving the processing table in the X-axis direction and moving the Y-axis carriage in the Y-axis direction and irradiating the work with a laser beam from the laser processing head.

When performing combined machining of laser machining and other machining on a workpiece, the Y-axis carriage is moved to one end side of the upper frame of the main frame of the machine to be retracted to the Y-axis carriage at the retracted position. Engage the additional processing unit. In this engaged state, the machining table is moved in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis carriage is moved in the Y-axis direction, the laser beam is irradiated from the laser machining head toward the workpiece, or the machining table is provided in the additional machining unit. Other machining is performed on the workpiece with a tool such as a drill or a tap.

Thus, when performing complex machining, the additional machining unit is engaged with the Y-axis carriage and moved in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, the number of additional feed axes is minimized and a high-speed, high-accuracy laser is provided. Processing is performed.

A laser processing machine according to a second aspect of the present invention is the laser processing machine according to the first aspect, in which one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit is provided with an engaging claw that is swung by an actuator, and the other is provided. Is provided with an engaging concave portion with which the engaging claw is engaged.

Therefore, by activating the actuator provided on one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional machining unit, the engaging claw swings to easily and surely engage with the engaging recess provided on the other. Engaged.

A laser processing machine according to a third aspect of the present invention is the laser processing machine according to the first and second aspects, wherein a positioning member is provided on one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit, and the positioning member is provided on the other side. It is characterized in that it is provided with a hole into which is inserted.

Therefore, the positioning member provided on one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional machining unit enters into the hole provided on the other side and is accurately positioned.

A laser processing machine according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the laser processing machine according to any one of the first, second and third aspects, wherein:
The present invention is characterized in that a detection sensor is provided on either one of the shaft carriage and the additional machining unit and a detected portion is provided on the other.

Therefore, the additional machining unit is engaged with the Y-axis carriage by the operation of the detection sensor provided on one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional machining unit and the detected portion provided on the other. Is detected.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser processing machine according to the first, second, third, and fourth laser processing machines in which a tool such as a drill or a tap is replaceably provided in the additional processing unit. It is characterized by being provided.

Therefore, in the tool device provided in the additional machining unit, the tool can be exchanged by machining the work, so that various machining is performed.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

With reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the laser beam machine 1 is provided with an upright bed 3, on which a guide rail 5 extending in the X-axis direction is laid. Has been done. A processing table 7 is provided on the guide rail 5 via a plurality of sliders so as to be movable in the X-axis direction by an X-axis feed mechanism (not shown). The work W to be machined is placed and fixed on the machining table 7.

On the bed 3, for example, a gate-shaped frame 9 as a processing machine main body frame is attached upward, and an upper frame 9U of the gate-shaped frame 9 is attached.
A plurality of guide rails 11 extending in the Y-axis direction are provided on the front surface of the
Is laid. A Y-axis carriage 15 is provided on each guide rail 11 via a plurality of sliders 13 so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction by a Y-axis feed mechanism (not shown).

A Z-axis carriage 17 is provided on the Y-axis carriage 15 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction by a Z-axis feed mechanism (not shown). A laser processing head 19 is provided on the Z-axis carriage 17. There is.

With the above construction, the processing table 7 on which the work W to be processed is placed is guided by the guide rail 5 by the X-axis feed mechanism and moved in the X-axis direction. The Y-axis carriage 15 is guided by the guide rail 11 by the Y-axis mechanism and moved in the Y-axis direction. Furthermore, the Z-axis carriage 17
Is moved in the Z-axis direction by the Z-axis feed mechanism.

Thus, the machining table 5 is moved in the X-axis direction to Y.
By moving the axis carriage 15 in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis carriage 17 in the Z-axis direction, the laser beam is emitted from the laser processing head 19 to the work W placed on the processing table 5, The desired laser processing will be performed.

One end of the upper frame 9U, for example, as shown in FIG.
In the retracted position, which is the left end side, the W-axis unit 21 as an additional processing unit is always retracted. This W
The shaft unit 21 is provided on the guide rail 11 via a plurality of sliders 23 so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction.
Moreover, the W-axis unit 21 is provided with, for example, a spindle unit 25 as a tool device so as to be movable in the W-axis direction. The spindle unit 25 is equipped with, for example, a rotatable drill 27 as a tool.

The W-axis unit 21 and the Y-axis carriage 1
The offset value of 5 is, for example, 200 mm, and the Y-axis stroke is, for example, 200 m with respect to the processing range of 1270 mm
It is possible to move to the side opposite to the origin by m.

With the above structure, when performing, for example, laser processing and drill processing on the work W on the processing table 7, the Y-axis carriage 15 is moved to the left side in FIG. This is performed by engaging the unit 21 with the Y-axis carriage 15 and then moving them together in the Y-axis direction.

The W-axis unit 2 is attached to the Y-axis carriage 15.
1 to disengage Y, as shown in FIG.
Either one of the shaft carriage 15 and the W shaft unit 21, for example, an engaging claw 29 is pivotally supported above and below the Y shaft carriage 15 via a pivot pin 31. In addition, the Y-axis carriage 1
Above and below 5, the air cylinder 33 as an actuator
The rear part is attached via a bracket 35. A tip of a piston rod 37 mounted on the air cylinder 33 is attached to one end of the engaging claw 29.

The Y-axis carriage 15 is provided with a plurality of positioning pins 39 as positioning members and a plurality of limit switches 41 as detection sensors.

On the other hand, engagement recesses 43 with which the engagement claws 29 are engaged are provided above and below the Z-axis unit 21 on the right side in FIG. In addition, the Z-axis unit 21
4, a bush 45 as a hole for positioning the positioning pin 39 and a dog 47 as a detected portion with which the limit switch 41 abuts are provided on the right side surface.

With the above structure, the Y-axis carriage 15 has W
In order to engage the shaft unit 21, the Y-axis carriage 15 is moved to the left side in FIG. 4, and as shown in FIG. 5, the positioning pin 39 enters the bush 45 and the limit switch 41 moves the dog 47. It is detected that the Y-axis carriage 15 is connected to the W-axis unit 21 by coming into contact with. Then, the air cylinder 33 operates and the piston rod 37 extends, so that each engaging claw 2
In FIG. 5, the pivot pin 31 rotates in FIG. 5, and the engaging claw 29 engages with the engaging recess 43, so that the W-axis unit 21 can be securely engaged with the Y-axis carriage 15. You can

From the Y-axis carriage 15 to the W-axis unit 21
5 to remove the engaging claw 31 from the engaging recess 43 by operating the air cylinder 33, and remove the Y-axis carriage 15 from the engaging recess 31 shown in FIG.
By moving the positioning pin 39 from the bush 45 and the limit switch 41 from the dog 47 by moving the positioning pin 39 to the right side, the Y-axis carriage 15 is detached from the W-axis unit 21.

When only the laser processing is performed on the work W,
As shown in FIG. 6, the W-axis unit 21 is retracted to the retracted position on the left end side of the upper frame 9U.
That is, it is located outside the Y-axis origin position, and only the laser processing head 19 is axially moved to perform exactly the same function as the laser processing machine alone.

When the workpiece W is to be machined a plurality of times, as shown in FIG. 7, the Y-axis carriage 15 is moved to the left side, and when it reaches the origin position of the Y-axis, the Y-axis carriage is moved as described above. The W-axis unit 21 is engaged with 15. Then, the combined machining can be carried out by moving in the Y-axis direction in the engaged state. If the W-axis unit 21 is removed from the Y-axis carriage 15 during the combined machining, the limit switch 41 can be detected by the dog 47 being separated.

If the offset amounts of the W-axis unit 21 and the Y-axis carriage 15 are input to the NC device in advance, machining on the additional axis will automatically take the offset amount into consideration by the Y-axis command given by the M code or the like. Can be positioned.

The Y-axis carriage 15 and the W-axis unit 2
1 is a separate body, and only the laser processing head 19 is controlled and moved during laser processing, so it is lightweight and high speed,
Highly accurate laser processing can be performed. At the time of combined machining, the W-axis unit 21 is engaged with the Y-axis carriage 15,
The control can be performed with the same control axis as that used for laser processing, and the mechanism can be simplified to reduce the cost.

The present invention is not limited to the examples of the embodiment described above, but can be implemented in other modes by making appropriate changes. In the example of the present embodiment, a spindle unit is used as the tool device and a drill is used as the tool, but other tools such as a tap may be used. Further, the positioning pin 39 and the bush 45 are used as the positioning member and the hole in the above description, but other members may be used. Further detection sensor,
Although the limit switch 41 and the dog 47 are used as the detected part in the above description, other parts may be used. Although the engaging claw 29 and the engaging recess 43 have been described as engaging / disengaging means, other means may be used.

When the limit switch 41 is brought into contact with the dog 47, it is better to automatically clean the vicinity by air blow.

[0040]

As can be understood from the above description of the embodiments, according to the invention of claim 1, when only the laser processing is performed on the work, the additional processing unit is installed in the upper portion of the processing machine body frame. The laser is applied to the work by arranging it at the retracted position on one end of the frame, moving the machining table in the X-axis direction, moving the Y-axis carriage in the Y-axis direction, and irradiating the laser beam from the laser machining head toward the workpiece. Processing is performed.

When performing combined machining of laser machining and other machining on a workpiece, the Y-axis carriage is moved to one end side of the upper frame of the main frame of the machine to be retracted to the Y-axis carriage at the retracted position. Engage the processing unit. In this engaged state, the machining table is moved in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis carriage is moved in the Y-axis direction, and the laser beam is emitted from the laser machining head toward the workpiece, or provided in the additional machining unit. Other machining is performed on the workpiece with a tool such as a drill or a tap.

When performing complex machining, the additional machining unit is engaged with the Y-axis carriage and moved in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, the number of additional feed axes is minimized and a high-speed, high-accuracy laser is provided. Processing can be performed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the actuator provided on one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional machining unit is actuated, the engaging claw swings to engage with the engagement provided on the other. The recess can be easily and surely engaged and disengaged.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the positioning member provided on one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional machining unit can be inserted into the hole provided on the other side for accurate positioning.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the additional processing is performed on the Y-axis carriage by the operation of the detection sensor provided on either one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit and the detected portion provided on the other side. It can be detected that the unit is engaged.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, since the tool can be replaced by machining the work in the tool device provided in the attachment machining unit, various machining can be performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a laser beam machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view for explaining an engagement / disengagement mechanism for engaging / disengaging the Y-axis carriage and the W-axis unit.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view for engaging and disengaging the W-axis unit with the Y-axis carriage.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of performing only laser processing.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of performing combined machining.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Laser Processing Machine 3 Bed 7 Processing Table 9 Gate Frame (Processing Machine Main Frame) 9U Upper Frame 11 Guide Rail 15 Axis Carriage 17 Z Axis Carriage 19 Laser Machining Head 21 W Axis Unit (Additional Machining Unit) 25 Spindle Unit (Tool) Device) 27 Drill (tool) 29 Engaging claw 33 Air cylinder (actuator) 39 Positioning hinge (positioning member) 41 Limit switch (detection sensor) 43 Engagement recess 45 Bush (hole) 47 Dog (detected part)

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A processing table movable on the bed in the X-axis direction is provided, and a Y-axis carriage movable in the Y-axis direction is provided on an upper frame of a processing machine body frame attached to the bed, and the Y-axis carriage is provided. A laser beam machine having a laser beam machining head provided at a retreat position on one end side of the upper frame, the laser beam machine being provided with an additional machining unit that is detachable from the Y-axis carriage. . 2. An engaging claw that is swung by an actuator is provided on either one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional machining unit, and an engaging recess for engaging the engaging claw is provided on the other side. The laser processing machine according to claim 1. 3. The laser processing according to claim 1, wherein one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit is provided with a positioning member, and the other is provided with a hole into which the positioning member is inserted. Machine. 4. The laser beam machine according to claim 1, wherein a detection sensor is provided on one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit, and a detected portion is provided on the other side. 5. The laser processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the additional processing unit is provided with a tool device provided with tools such as a drill and a tap, which are replaceable.