JP3699199B2 - Laser processing machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a laser beam machine capable of performing a workpiece other than laser beam machining in combination.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, laser processing machines of the uniaxial machining table movement type and the uniaxial optical movement type are known. In this laser processing machine, a processing table that is movable in the X-axis direction is provided on a bed. Further, a processing machine main body frame is attached to the bed, and an upper axis of the processing machine main body frame is provided with a Y-axis carriage that is movable in the Y-axis direction. A laser processing head is provided on the Y-axis carriage.
[0003]
With the above configuration, with the workpiece to be machined placed on the machining table, the machining table is moved in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis carriage is moved in the Y-axis direction, and the laser beam is transferred from the laser machining head to the workpiece. Laser processing is performed on the workpiece by irradiating.
[0004]
For example, when a workpiece is subjected to combined machining by adding, for example, punching, drilling, or tapping together with laser machining, an additional machining point should be provided at a position away from the laser machining point by the laser machining head. Yes. Alternatively, it is also known to perform complex machining by providing an additional machining unit on a Y-axis carriage provided with a laser machining head.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, among the above-mentioned conventional laser processing machines, in a laser processing machine having an additional processing point at a position distant from the laser processing point, an independent feed axis is added separately from the feed axis at the time of laser processing. The space and price are large and expensive compared to laser dedicated machines.
[0006]
Further, in a laser combined processing machine in which an additional processing unit is provided on the Y-axis carriage on the side of the laser processing head, the weight of the laser moving shaft increases, making it difficult to achieve high speed and high accuracy of the laser processing machine.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide a laser processing machine capable of minimizing the number of additional feed axes and ensuring high-speed, high-precision laser processing when performing composite processing with processing other than laser processing. It is to provide.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser processing machine according to the present invention, wherein a processing table movable in the X-axis direction is provided on a bed, and an upper frame of a processing machine body frame attached to the bed A laser processing machine having a Y-axis carriage movable to the Y-axis carriage and a laser processing head provided on the Y-axis carriage, and is detachably attached to the Y-axis carriage at a retracted position on one end side of the upper frame. A machining unit is provided.
[0009]
Therefore, when only laser machining is performed on the workpiece, an additional machining unit is provided at the retreat position on one end side of the upper frame in the machine body frame, the machining table is in the X axis direction, and the Y axis carriage is in the Y axis direction. The workpiece is subjected to laser machining by irradiating the workpiece with a laser beam from the laser machining head.
[0010]
When performing combined processing of laser processing and other processing on the workpiece, the Y-axis carriage is moved to one end side of the upper frame in the machine body frame, and the additional processing unit is retracted to the Y-axis carriage at the retracted position. Engage. In this engaged state, the machining table is moved in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis carriage is moved in the Y-axis direction, and a laser beam is irradiated from the laser machining head toward the workpiece, or provided in the additional machining unit. Other processing is performed on the workpiece with a tool such as a drill or a tap.
[0011]
Thus, when performing complex machining, the additional machining unit is engaged with the Y-axis carriage and moved in the Y-axis direction, so that high-speed, high-precision laser machining is performed with a minimum number of additional feed axes. Is called.
[0012]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the laser processing machine according to the first aspect, wherein the Y-axis carriage or the additional processing unit is provided with an engaging claw that swings by an actuator, and the other is connected to the other. It is characterized in that an engaging recess is provided to engage with the claw.
[0013]
Therefore, by operating an actuator provided on one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit, the engaging claw swings and is easily and reliably engaged with and disengaged from the engaging recess provided on the other. The
[0014]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser processing machine according to the first or second aspect, wherein the positioning member is provided in one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit, and the hole into which the positioning member enters the other. It is characterized by providing.
[0015]
Therefore, the positioning member provided in one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit enters the hole provided in the other and is accurately positioned.
[0016]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser processing machine according to the first, second, or third aspect, wherein a detection sensor is provided in one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit and a detected portion is provided in the other. It is characterized by
[0017]
Therefore, it is detected that the additional machining unit is engaged with the Y-axis carriage by the operation of the detection sensor provided on one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional machining unit and the detected portion provided on the other. The
[0018]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the laser processing machine according to the first, second, third, and fourth aspects, the additional processing unit is provided with a tool device provided with a tool such as a drill and a tap in a replaceable manner. It is characterized by this.
[0019]
Accordingly, the tool device provided in the additional machining unit can be changed by machining the workpiece, so that various machining is performed.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0021]
Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the laser beam machine 1 includes a bed 3 that is erected, and a guide rail 5 that extends in the X-axis direction is laid on the bed 3. . A machining table 7 is provided on the guide rail 5 through a plurality of sliders so as to be movable in the X-axis direction by an X-axis feed mechanism (not shown). A workpiece W to be machined is placed and fixed on the machining table 7.
[0022]
On the bed 3, for example, a portal frame 9 as a processing machine main body frame is mounted upward, and a plurality of guide rails extending in the Y-axis direction are provided on the front surface of the upper frame 9U in the portal frame 9. 11 is laid. Each guide rail 11 is provided with a Y-axis carriage 15 movably in the Y-axis direction by a Y-axis feed mechanism (not shown) via a plurality of sliders 13.
[0023]
A Z-axis carriage 17 is provided on the Y-axis carriage 15 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction by a Z-axis feed mechanism (not shown). A laser processing head 19 is provided on the Z-axis carriage 17.
[0024]
With the above configuration, the processing table 7 on which the workpiece W to be processed is placed is guided by the guide rail 5 by the X-axis feed mechanism and moved in the X-axis direction. The Y-axis carriage 15 is guided by the guide rail 11 by the Y-axis mechanism and moved in the Y-axis direction. Further, the Z-axis carriage 17 is moved in the Z-axis direction by the Z-axis feed mechanism.
[0025]
Thus, the workpiece W placed on the machining table 5 is moved by moving the machining table 5 in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis carriage 15 in the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis carriage 17 in the Z-axis direction. The desired laser processing is performed by irradiating the laser processing head 19 with a laser beam.
[0026]
A W-axis unit 21 as an additional processing unit is always retracted at the retracted position on one end side of the upper frame 9U, for example, the left end side in FIG. The W-axis unit 21 is provided on the guide rail 11 through a plurality of sliders 23 so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction. Moreover, for example, a spindle unit 25 as a tool device is provided in the W-axis unit 21 so as to be movable in the W-axis direction. For example, a rotatable drill 27 as a tool is attached to the spindle unit 25.
[0027]
The offset value of the W-axis unit 21 and the Y-axis carriage 15 is, for example, 200 mm, and the stroke of the Y-axis can be moved to the non-origin side by 200 mm with respect to the processing range of 1270 mm, for example.
[0028]
With the above configuration, when performing, for example, laser processing and drilling on the workpiece W on the processing table 7, the W-axis unit 21 that has been retracted to the retracted position by moving the Y-axis carriage 15 to the left in FIG. This is performed by engaging the Y-axis carriage 15 and then moving them together in the Y-axis direction.
[0029]
To disengage the W-axis unit 21 from the Y-axis carriage 15, as shown in FIG. 4, either the Y-axis carriage 15 or the W-axis unit 21, for example, above and below the Y-axis carriage 15. The engaging claw 29 is pivotally supported via a pivot pin 31. In addition, a rear portion of an air cylinder 33 as an actuator is attached above and below the Y-axis carriage 15 via a bracket 35. A tip end of a piston rod 37 attached to the air cylinder 33 is attached to one end of the engaging claw 29.
[0030]
The Y-axis carriage 15 is provided with a plurality of positioning pins 39 as positioning members and a plurality of limit switches 41 as detection sensors.
[0031]
On the other hand, on the top and bottom of the Z-axis unit 21 on the right side in FIG. Further, on the right side surface of the Z-axis unit 21 in FIG. 4, for example, a bush 45 as a hole for positioning the positioning pin 39 and a dog 47 as a detected portion with which the limit switch 41 abuts are provided. .
[0032]
With the above configuration, in order to engage the W-axis unit 21 with the Y-axis carriage 15, when the Y-axis carriage 15 is moved to the left side in FIG. 4, the positioning pin 39 has the bush 45 as shown in FIG. It is detected that the limit switch 41 is in contact with the dog 47 and the Y-axis carriage 15 is connected to the W-axis unit 21 while entering the inside. Then, when the air cylinder 33 is actuated and the piston rod 37 is extended, each engagement claw 29 is rotated about the pivot pin 31 in FIG. 5, and the engagement claw 29 is engaged with the engagement recess 43. By doing so, the W-axis unit 21 can be reliably engaged with the Y-axis carriage 15.
[0033]
To remove the W-axis unit 21 from the Y-axis carriage 15, the engagement claw 31 is removed from the engagement recess 43 by operating the air cylinder 33 and the Y-axis carriage 15 is moved to the right in FIG. The Y-axis carriage 15 is detached from the W-axis unit 21 when 39 is released from the bush 45 and the limit switch 41 is separated from the dog 47.
[0034]
When only the laser processing is performed on the workpiece W, as shown in FIG. 6, the W-axis unit 21 is retracted to the retracted position on the left end side of the upper frame 9U. That is, it is located outside the Y-axis origin position, and only the laser processing head 19 moves axially and performs exactly the same function as a single laser processing machine.
[0035]
When performing multiple machining on the workpiece W, as shown in FIG. 7, when the Y-axis carriage 15 is moved to the left and reaches the origin position of the Y-axis, the W-axis carriage 15 is moved to the Y-axis carriage 15 as described above. The shaft unit 21 is engaged. Then, the combined processing can be performed by moving in the Y-axis direction in the engaged state. If the W-axis unit 21 is removed from the Y-axis carriage 15 during combined machining, the limit switch 41 can be detected by the dog 47 separating.
[0036]
If the offset amounts of the W-axis unit 21 and the Y-axis carriage 15 are input to the NC device in advance, machining with the additional axis is automatically positioned with the Y-axis command commanded by the M code etc. It can be performed.
[0037]
Since the Y-axis carriage 15 and the W-axis unit 21 are separated and only the laser processing head 19 is controlled and moved during laser processing, the laser processing is lightweight, high-speed, and high-precision. During complex machining, the W-axis unit 21 is engaged with the Y-axis carriage 15 and can be controlled with the same control axis as during laser machining, resulting in a simple mechanism and cost reduction.
[0038]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the example of embodiment mentioned above, It can implement in another aspect by making an appropriate change. In the example of the present embodiment, a spindle unit is used as a tool device and a drill is used as a tool. However, other tools such as a tap may be used. Moreover, although the positioning pin 39 and the bush 45 have been described as the positioning member and the hole, other members may be used. Furthermore, although the detection sensor and the detected part have been described using the limit switch 41 and the dog 47, other than that may be used. Although the engaging claw 29 and the engaging recess 43 have been described as the engaging / disengaging means, other means may be used.
[0039]
When the limit switch 41 is brought into contact with the dog 47, it is better to automatically clean the vicinity thereof by air blow.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As can be understood from the above description of the embodiment, according to the invention of claim 1, when only laser machining is performed on the workpiece, the additional machining unit is arranged on one end side of the upper frame in the machine body frame. The workpiece is laser machined by irradiating the workpiece with a laser beam from the laser machining head while moving the machining table in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis carriage in the Y-axis direction.
[0041]
When the workpiece is combined with laser processing and other processing, the Y-axis carriage is moved to one end of the upper frame of the machine body frame, and the additional processing unit retracted to the retracted position on the Y-axis carriage Engage. In this engaged state, the machining table is moved in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis carriage is moved in the Y-axis direction, and the laser beam is irradiated from the laser machining head toward the workpiece, or provided in the additional machining unit. Other processing is performed on the workpiece with a tool such as a drill or a tap.
[0042]
Thus, when performing complex machining, the additional machining unit is engaged with the Y-axis carriage and moved in the Y-axis direction, so that the number of additional feed axes is minimized and high-speed, high-precision laser machining is performed. be able to.
[0043]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, by operating an actuator provided in one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit, the engagement claw swings and easily engages in the engagement recess provided in the other. And can be engaged and disengaged reliably.
[0044]
According to the invention of claim 3, the positioning member provided in one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit can enter the hole provided in the other and be accurately positioned.
[0045]
According to the invention of claim 4, the additional machining unit is associated with the Y-axis carriage by the operation of the detection sensor provided on one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional machining unit and the detected portion provided on the other. It is possible to detect that they are combined.
[0046]
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the tool can be exchanged by machining the workpiece in the tool device provided in the auxiliary machining unit, various machining can be performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a laser beam machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view for explaining an engagement / disengagement mechanism for engaging / disengaging a Y-axis carriage and a W-axis unit.
FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory diagram for disengaging and engaging a W-axis unit with a Y-axis carriage.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an operation for performing only laser processing.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an operation for performing combined machining.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Laser processing machine 3 Bed 7 Processing table 9 Portal frame (Processing machine body frame)
9U Upper frame 11 Guide rail 15 Axis carriage 17 Z axis carriage 19 Laser machining head 21 W axis unit (additional machining unit)
25 Spindle unit (tool device)
27 Drill (tool)
29 Engagement Claw 33 Air Cylinder (Actuator)
39 Positioning Hints (Positioning members)
41 Limit switch (detection sensor)
43 Engaging recess 45 Bush (hole)
47 Dog (Detected part)

Claims (5)

A machining table movable in the X-axis direction is provided on the bed, a Y-axis carriage movable in the Y-axis direction is provided on the upper frame of the processing machine main body frame attached to the bed, and a laser machining head is provided on the Y-axis carriage. A laser processing machine provided, wherein an additional processing unit detachable from the Y-axis carriage is provided at a retracted position on one end side of the upper frame. 2. An engagement claw that swings by an actuator is provided on one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit, and an engagement recess that engages with the engagement claw is provided on the other. The laser processing machine described. 3. The laser processing machine according to claim 1, wherein a positioning member is provided in one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit, and a hole into which the positioning member enters is provided in the other. 4. The laser processing machine according to claim 1, wherein a detection sensor is provided in one of the Y-axis carriage and the additional processing unit and a detected portion is provided in the other. The laser processing machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the additional processing unit is provided with a tool device provided with a tool such as a drill and a tap so as to be exchangeable.

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