JPH0927383A - Surface heater element and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surface heater element mainly composed of wax, and a method of manufacturing it. SOLUTION: To 40-90% of a mixed wax having a melting point of 56 deg.C-74 deg.C (flash point: about 262 deg.C) to which resin is mixed, 10-30% of a microcrystalline wax having a melting point of 64 deg.C-101 deg.C (flash point: 310-320 deg.C) is mixed, and the resulting mixture is fused at 90 deg.C-130 deg.C. Then, 5-35% of a conductive potassium titanate whisker having a component of K2 O.nTiO2 /SnO2 .Sb2 O5 and 1-25% of a conductive potassium titanate having a component consisting of K2 O.nTiO2-x /C are kneaded thereto, electrode foils 5, 6 are arranged thereon, and the resulting wax is sandwiched between polyester sheets 3 having polyester nonwoven fabrics 2 stuck thereto to form a surface heater element.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sheet heating element mainly composed of wax and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a heating element of this type is disclosed in
As in 647696 “thermoelectric resistance composition”, there is a mixture mainly composed of polyalkylene glycols and mixed with carbon powder.

[0003]

In such a conventional heating element, since the main body is a polyalkylene glycol, the heating element is hydrophilic.
There was a problem that the electric resistance changed. In addition, in such a heating element, there is a risk that the carbon powder of the internal conductor may spontaneously ignite or burn due to some stimulus or the like and spread over the entire body, which is dangerous in use. .

[0004] In order to solve the problems of the conventional heating element, the present invention avoids combustion by using a heating element in which conductive potassium titanate is mixed as a conductor. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heating element characterized in that it is intended to improve safety and that the resistance is not changed by water (humidity) because it is not hydrophilic, and a method of manufacturing the same. It is assumed that. In addition, Japanese Patent Application No. 6-186 filed by the applicant
No. 692, “A sheet heating element”, is intended to be different from the scope of the claims of the sheet heating element of the present application, and the category of the invention is different. is there.

[0005]

The structure of the present invention for achieving the object will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 corresponding to the embodiments. About 5
Paraffin-based compounded wax (55-90%) prepared at 6 ° C to 74 ° C (flash point of about 262 ° C) and a melting point of 64
C. to 101.degree. C. (flash point 310.degree. C. to 320.degree. C.) is mixed in a weight ratio of 20 to 30%, and the melting temperature is melted to 90.degree. C. to 130.degree.
Conductive potassium titanate whiskers (A) containing K ₂ O.nTiO ₂ / SnO ₂ · Sb ₂ O _{5 as} components of 10-35.
%, And 15 to 25% of conductive potassium titanate whisker (B), which is a component consisting of K ₂ O.nTiO ₂ -x / C, is kneaded 1 and thereafter, electrode foils 5 and 6 are arranged, and a polyester sheet 3 is formed. The sheet-shaped heating element 4 is characterized in that it is formed by sandwiching a nonwoven fabric 2 of polyester on the inner surface of the sheet, and a resin is also mixed to give a melting point of about 56 ° C to 74 ° C.
40 to 89% of wax mixed with paraffin as a main component, and melting point of 64 to 101
Microcrystalline wax having a flash point of 310 ° C to 320 ° C is mixed in a weight ratio of 5 to 30% to melt at a melting temperature of 90 ° C to 130 ° C, and K ₂ O · nT is added thereto.
₅ to 35% of conductive potassium titanate whisker (A), which is a component consisting of iO ₂ / SnO ₂ .Sb ₂ O ₅ , and K ₂ O.
1-25% of conductive potassium titanate whisker (B), which is a component consisting of nTiO ₂₋ x / C, is added and kneaded 1, and then electrode foils 5 and 6 are arranged, and a polyester non-woven fabric is provided on the inner surface of the polyester sheet 3. It is a method of manufacturing a planar heating element 4, characterized in that it is formed by sandwiching the two bonded together.

[0006]

Since the heating element of the present invention has such a structure, it has a melting point of 56 ° C to 74 ° C by blending resins.
Paraffin wax 40-90% that has been prepared and mixed (flash point of about 262 ° C) as a main component, melting point 64-101 ° C
90 based on a material in which 10 to 30% of microcrystalline wax having a flash point of 310 to 320 ° C. is mixed
Since the wax itself has been melted to a melting temperature of ℃ to 130 ℃, the wax itself is completely liquefied and rich in fluidity, and both the conductive potassium titanate whisker (A) and the conductive potassium titanate whisker (B) added later are used. Since the wax itself is water-repellent and not hydrophilic, and the product is not affected by moisture in the air, the heating element of the present invention does not have a heating temperature higher than 80 ° C. , Wax does not have the risk of spontaneous combustion.

The conductive potassium titanate whiskers (A) and (B) mixed in have a diameter of 0.3 to 0.6 μm and a diameter of 10 to 2
It is a very fine whisker with a length of 0 μm, and its surface is made conductive so as to have chemically and physically stable conductivity, so the resistance value can be freely selected and adopted as a conductor and a resistor. , Circuit design and system design are possible.

[0008] The features that await high strength, high elasticity and high aspect ratio give not only excellent reinforcement performance to the base material, but also enable thin-wall molding and precision molding, as well as high sliding properties and wear resistance. Gender can be given as a base. And, above all, the melting point is 1,300 ° C or higher, so it is non-flammable below the combustion temperature, and the conductivity and resistance value will be high even if the sheet is creased and deformed during use. It can be automatically restored to its original state.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 1 and 2 show the configuration of the present invention.

In the present invention, resins are blended to give a melting point of about 56.
C. to 74.degree. C. (flash point about 262.degree. C.) 55 to 90% of paraffin-based compounded wax and melting point 64.degree.
20 to 30% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a flash point of 101 ° C. (flash point 310 ° C. to 320 ° C.) is mixed and melted, and K ₂ O · nTiO ₂ / SnO ₂ ·
10 to 35% of conductive potassium titanate whisker (A), which is a component consisting of Sb ₂ O ₅ , and K ₂ O.nTiO _{2 −} x /
Conductive potassium titanate whisker (B), which is a component of C, is mixed and kneaded in an amount of 15 to 25%, and after kneading 1, the electrode foils 5 and 6 are arranged, and the polyester nonwoven fabric 2 is provided on the inner surface of the polyester sheet 3. The sheet-shaped heating element 4 having a structure in which a sheet with the affixed to it is sandwiched is formed, and in the manufacturing method of the present invention, resins are blended to have a melting point of about 56 ° C. to 74 ° C. (flash point of about 262 ° C.). 40 to 89% of compounded wax containing paraffin as a main component and 5 to 30% by weight of a microcrystalline wax having a melting point of 64 to 101 ° C. (flash point of 310 to 320 ° C.) are mixed to obtain a melting temperature of 90. ℃ ~
Melted at 130 ° C and added to K ₂ O.nTiO ₂ / Sn
₅ to 35% of conductive potassium titanate whisker (A) which is a component consisting of O ₂ · Sb ₂ O ₅ , and K ₂ O.nTiO _{2 −}
1. Add 1 to 25% of conductive potassium titanate whisker (B), which is a component composed of x / C, and knead it 1, and then sandwich the electrode foils 5 and 3 with the nonwoven fabric 2 of polyester stuck between them. Is a method for manufacturing the sheet heating element 4.

As described above, the heating element of the present invention has a melting point of 56 ° C. to 74 ° C. (flash point of about 262 ° C.) in which resins are mixed.
Based on a material mixed with 40 to 90% of a mixed wax composed mainly of paraffin wax prepared in
Microcrystalline wax having a temperature of 4 ° C to 101 ° C (flash point of 310 ° C to 320 ° C) is mixed and melted in an amount of 10 to 30%, so that the wax itself is completely liquefied and rich in fluidity, and the conductivity to be added later is added. Is well compatible with conductive potassium titanate whiskers (A) and conductive potassium titanate whiskers (B), and the wax itself is water repellent,
Since it is not hydrophilic, it is not affected by moisture in the air, and the exothermic temperature of the heating element of the present invention cannot rise above 80 ° C., so there is no danger of spontaneous ignition.

The conductive potassium titanate whiskers (A) and (B) mixed in have a diameter of 0.3 to 0.6 μm and a diameter of 10 μm.
It is an extremely fine whisker with a length of up to 20 μm, and its surface can be made conductive to have a chemically and physically stable conductivity, which enables circuit design and system design as a conductor and a resistor.

The features of high strength, high elasticity and high aspect ratio not only give the base material excellent reinforcing performance, and enable not only thin-wall molding and precision molding but also high slidability and resistance. Abrasion can be imparted. And, above all, the melting point is 1,300 ° C or higher,
It is nonflammable at a temperature below the combustion temperature, and can be restored to its original shape automatically even if it is bent and deformed during use, and is therefore suitable as a heating element.

Further, due to such characteristics, the present invention can change the compounding ratio as described above, and can be made extremely thin with a thickness of about 0.4 mm when used as a heating element. , Heat generation temperature, product usage width (20 mm to 400 mm), change of predetermined power supply voltage (12 v to 200 v), total power consumption (200 W / m ^{2 to} 2.4 KW / m ² ) changes,
There is the convenience that it can be freely, accurately and precisely adapted.

The heat generation characteristics shown in FIG. 3 represent heat generation temperature characteristics (right vertical axis characteristics) and power consumption characteristics (left vertical axis characteristics) with the horizontal axis representing the passage of time from the moment the switch is turned on.
The characteristic shown in (1) represents the change in resistance value with respect to the ambient temperature (horizontal axis) in the room. 3 and 4 show modes of self-control of the heating element of the present invention. That is, when the maximum temperature is reached, the electric resistance of the heating element rises to 10 ³ to 10 ⁵ ohms, and the amount of electricity is supplied by the amount of electricity required for heat dissipation (Fig. 4). ). Therefore, the power consumption shows a characteristic that it decreases as the temperature of the heating element rises (FIG. 3).

In the above-mentioned structure, the actual example of the present invention will be disclosed. A planar heating element for a power source voltage 12v used as a heat source of a house or the like has a component mixture ratio of 10 kg of compounded paraffin wax and micro. Crystalline wax 2kg, potassium titanate whisker (A) 1.5g, potassium titanate whisker (B) 20
0 g (% by weight ratio 73:15:11:
1), and the total power consumption is 2.5 KW. In addition, the composition ratio of the heating element for indoor floor heating and the like for 100 V voltage of 500 W is as follows: compound paraffin wax 8 kg, microcrystalline wax 2 kg, potassium titanate whisker (A) 3.3 kg, potassium titanate whisker (B). ) 1.3 kg (% by weight ratio is 54.7: 13.6: 22.6: 8.9).

The above mixing ratio is not fixed,
Depending on the magnitude of the initially set predetermined power supply voltage, power consumption, calorific value, etc., it is appropriately increased or decreased according to each application, and is appropriately changed and used so as to be able to adapt to the required fine conditions. Thus, the unique effects of the present invention can be obtained.

Further, 0.5 to 2% by weight of powdery acetylene black for adjusting to maintain a predetermined temperature is added to the above mixture and kneaded to adjust the temperature. You can also plan. Therefore, since the sheet heating element of the present invention exhibits a peculiar heat generation temperature initially set, a temperature adjusting device for turning on / off the power switch by a conventional temperature sensor or the like is not necessary. That is, in use, it is sufficient to replenish only the amount of heat lost from the surface of the heat radiating surface, so that the current consumption is extremely small.

Although the examples considered to be representative of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not necessarily limited only to the structures of these examples, and has the above-mentioned constitutional requirements referred to in the present invention, and The present invention can be carried out by appropriately modifying it within a range that achieves the object of the present invention and has the following effects.

[0020]

As is apparent from the above description, since the present invention is a base mainly composed of wax, the wax itself is water-repellent and not hydrophilic, so that it affects water content in the air. Without receiving the heat and the heat generation temperature of the heat generating element of the present invention cannot rise above 80 ° C., there is no fear of spontaneous ignition.

Further, the conductive potassium titanate whiskers mixed therein are extremely fine whiskers and have conductivity, so that an electric heating circuit can be easily designed as a conductor or a resistor, and thin-wall molding or precision molding can be performed. It makes it possible to provide the base material with excellent reinforcement performance, high sliding property and wear resistance.

The conductive potassium titanate whiskers (A) and (B) each have a melting point of 1,300 ° C. or higher, and thus are nonflammable until the combustion temperature is reached, and they are not in use during use. Since it can be naturally restored even if it has a crease, it is suitable as a heating element.

Further, due to such characteristics, in the present invention, as described above, the mixing ratio of the constituent components is appropriately changed so that the heating element of the present invention is not affected by moisture in the air. Since the exothermic temperature does not rise above 80 ° C., there is no fear of spontaneous ignition of the wax. In addition, by changing the composition ratio of the components, the heat generation temperature and heat generation amount can be changed, and the electric resistance value can be freely, accurately and precisely adapted to the change in the applied rated power supply voltage and the change in the total power consumption. Can be set in various ways, and the thickness of the heating element can be extremely small, about 0.4 mm.
There is thus the advantage that it can be adapted to various applications.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a heat generation characteristic diagram.

FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a change in resistance value depending on ambient temperature.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Microcrystalline wax is mixed with paraffin wax mixed with resins and melted to form K ₂ O · nT
iO ₂ / SnO ₂ · Sb ₂ O ₅ (A) and K ₂ O · nTi
A mixture of conductive potassium titanate whiskers (B), which is a component consisting of O ₂₋ x / C. 1a Microcrystalline wax, compounded wax mixed with resins are mixed and melted, and K ₂ O · nTiO ₂ /
Conductive potassium titanate whiskers (A), (B) 2 Polyester non-woven fabric 3 Polyester sheet 4, 4a Sheet heating element SnO ₂ · Sb ₂ O ₅ and K ₂ O.nTiO ₂ -x / C 5,6 electrode foil

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A resin having a melting point of about 56 ° C. to 74 ° C.
Paraffin-based compounded wax (55-90%) prepared at ℃ (flash point of about 262 ° C) and melting point of 64 ℃ -101
° C. by mixing 20-30% fraction of microcrystalline wax in a weight ratio of (flash point 310 ° C. to 320 ° C.), melted, it, of components consisting of _{K 2 O · nTiO 2 / SnO} 2 · Sb 2 O 5 Conductive potassium titanate whiskers (hereinafter referred to as potassium titanate whiskers (A)) 10 to 35
%, And 15 to 25% of conductive potassium titanate whisker (hereinafter referred to as potassium titanate whisker (B)), which is a component composed of K ₂ O.nTiO ₂ -x / C, and kneaded (1)
After that, the electrode foils (5) and (6) are placed, and the polyester sheet
A sheet heating element (4) constructed by sandwiching a polyester nonwoven fabric (2) attached to the inner surface of (3). 2. A resin having a melting point of about 56 ° C. to 74 ° C.
40 to 89% of wax mixed with paraffin as a main component, and melting point of 64 to 101
Microcrystalline wax having a flash point of 310 ° C to 320 ° C is mixed in a weight ratio of 5 to 30% to melt at a melting temperature of 90 ° C to 130 ° C, and K ₂ O · nT is added thereto.
₅ to 35% of conductive potassium titanate whisker (A), which is a component consisting of iO ₂ / SnO ₂ .Sb ₂ O ₅ , and K ₂ O.
1-25% of conductive potassium titanate whisker (B), which is a component composed of nTiO ₂₋ x / C, is added and kneaded (1), and then electrode foils (5) and (6) are arranged, and a polyester sheet ( A method for producing a sheet-like heating element (4), characterized by comprising sandwiching a polyester nonwoven fabric (2) attached to the inner surface of (3).