JPH09272305A - Hub construction of axle for vehicle, bearing fixing jig in hub, and axle assembling method using the jig - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve assembling workability of the axle of a vehicle such as automobile and improve quality of the axle. SOLUTION: Before a hub 2 is inserted through the outer circumferential part of an axle case 1, an oil seal 7 and a taper roller bearing 3 positioned on the front side in the inserting through direction of the hub and also the outer race 4A, the taper rollers 4B, and the inner race 4C of a taper roller bearing 4 positioned on the rear side in the inserting through direction of the hub are mounted on the inner circumferential face of the hub 2, the inner race 4C is locked with a bearing fixing jig 18 so as to be unable to move in the reverse direction of the inserting through direction, and after completing to insert the hub 2 through the outer circumferential part of the axle case 1, the jig 18 is remove. Hereby, when the hub 2 is inserted through the outer circumferential part of the axle case, centering between both the hub 2 and the axle case 1 is correctly performed, dislocation is hardly generated between the centers of both, and at this inserting through operation, there is no possibility to generate damage of the oil seal 7, the taper roller bearing 3, and the like.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hub structure for an axle of a vehicle such as an automobile, a bearing fixing jig in the hub, and an axle assembly method using the bearing fixing jig. Regarding technology to improve.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a rear axle for vehicles such as automobiles,
As shown in FIG. 9, a hub 2 is attached to an end portion of an axle case 1 via two tapered roller bearings 3 and 4, and an axle shaft 5 inserted into the axle case 2 is a fastener for the hub 2. There is an all-floating type that can be assembled with the bolt 6 as.

In this all-floating rear axle, the axle case 1 is responsible for vertical, horizontal load, impact, lateral force applied to the wheel, and the like, so that the axle shaft 5 has an advantage of merely transmitting power. Have.

[0004]

By the way, when assembling the above-mentioned rear axle, the hub 2 is inserted into the outer peripheral portion of the axle case 1, and then the axle shaft 5 is inserted into the inside of the axle case 1 to form the axle. The flange 5A at the end of the shaft 5 is fastened to the hub 2 with bolts 6.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, before the hub 2 is inserted into the outer peripheral portion of the axle case 1, the oil seal 7 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2 and the tapered roller bearing 3 (which is located on the front side in the hub insertion direction). The outer race 3A, the taper roller 3B, and the inner race 3C) are mounted, but the taper roller bearing 4 located on the rear side in the hub insertion direction is mounted with only the outer race 4A, and the inner race 4C and the taper roller 4B are mounted. Is removed.

This is because when the inner race 4C and the taper roller 4B of the taper roller bearing 4 located on the rear side in the hub insertion direction are mounted, the outer race 4A of the taper roller bearing 4 to the inner race 4C and the taper roller are inserted when the taper roller bearing 4 is inserted. This is because 4B will be separated. Therefore, the inner race 4C and the taper roller 4B of the taper roller bearing 4 located on the rear side in the hub insertion direction are inserted from the tip end side of the axle case 1 after the hub 2 is inserted into the outer peripheral portion of the axle case 1. The outer race 4A, the inner race 4C, and the taper roller 4B are attached to the outer peripheral surface at this stage.

However, in such an assembling method,
When the hub 2 is inserted into the outer peripheral portion of the axle case 1, the hub 2 and the axle case 1 are not centered accurately, and the centers of the two are easily misaligned. Therefore, the oil seal 7 and the taper roller are inserted during the insertion work. There is a possibility that the bearing 3 or the like may be damaged, the assembling work is not easy, and the quality may be deteriorated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and at the time of axle assembly of a vehicle such as an automobile, before the hub is inserted into the outer peripheral portion of the axle case, the seal member and the front side in the hub insertion direction are attached to the inner peripheral surface of the hub. Not only the bearing located on the rear side but also all the constituent elements of the bearing located on the rear side in the hub insertion direction, that is, the outer race, the roller, and the inner race are all mounted, and the axle assembly work The challenge is to improve the quality and quality.

[0009]

Therefore, in the invention according to claim 1, the hub is attached to the end of the axle case through the two bearings, and the axle shaft inserted into the axle case is the hub. In the axle of the vehicle assembled by the fastener, the inner race of the bearing located on the rear side of the insertion direction is inserted into the inner peripheral surface of the hub when the axle case is inserted into the outer peripheral portion of the hub. An attachment / detachment part of a jig that is immovably locked in the opposite direction is formed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the jig is configured such that a concave groove extending spirally like a single thread groove is formed on an outer peripheral surface of a ring-shaped member having a predetermined width, and the jig is attached. The portion is a protrusion that is axially displaced by two screw pitches of the recessed groove on two portions of the inner circumferential surface of the hub that are separated from each other in the diametrical direction, and is fitted into the recessed groove.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the jig extends from an outer peripheral surface of a ring-shaped member having a predetermined width by a predetermined length in mutually different diagonal directions along two circumferential directions from two diametrically spaced portions. A groove is formed, one end of the groove is opened at one end surface of the groove, and the other end is closed, and the jig mounting portion is separated into two portions in the diameter direction of the inner peripheral surface of the hub. The protrusions are formed at the same position in the axial direction and are fitted into the concave groove.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the jig has a structure in which a male thread portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of a ring-shaped member having a predetermined width, and the mounting portion of the jig is on the inner peripheral surface of the hub. A female screw portion is fitted to the male screw portion. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the jig is fixedly attached to both ends of a plate member made of a spring material that is curved and formed in a substantially semicircular shape, the pins protruding in opposite directions, and the base of the pin is fixed. An eccentric cam is formed at the end, and the attachment portion of the jig is formed in two axially separated positions on the inner peripheral surface of the hub at the same axial position, and is a groove into which the pin is fitted. .

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the hub is attached to the end of the axle case via two bearings,
In an axle of a vehicle in which an axle shaft inserted into the axle case is assembled to the hub by a fastener, the axle shaft is detachably attached to an attachment portion of an inner peripheral surface of the hub and the hub is attached to an outer peripheral portion of the axle case. When inserting, the inner race of the bearing located on the rear side in the inserting direction is immovably locked in the direction opposite to the inserting direction.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a ring-shaped member having a predetermined width is provided with a concave groove extending spirally like a single thread groove, and the concave groove is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hub. The two projections are axially displaced from each other in the diametrical direction by the projections formed by being displaced by the screw pitch of the groove.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped member having a predetermined width is provided with concave grooves extending from the two portions spaced apart in the diametrical direction by a predetermined length in different oblique directions along the circumferential direction. , One end portion of the groove is opened at one end surface thereof,
The other end is closed, and the recessed groove is fitted to protrusions formed at the same position in the axial direction at two portions of the inner peripheral surface of the hub that are spaced apart in the diameter direction.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, a male thread portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of a ring-shaped member having a predetermined width, and the male thread portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hub so that the male thread portion is fitted into the thread portion. It was configured to be combined. According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, pins protruding in opposite directions are fixedly attached to both ends of a plate member made of a spring material that is curved and formed in a substantially semicircular shape, and an eccentric cam is attached to a base end of the pin. In this configuration, the pin is fitted in a groove formed at two axially identical positions on the inner peripheral surface of the hub that are spaced apart in the diametrical direction.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle in which a hub is attached to an end portion of an axle case via two bearings, and an axle shaft which is inserted into the axle case is attached to the hub by a fastener. When assembling the axle, before inserting the hub into the outer peripheral portion of the axle case, install the seal member and the bearing located on the front side in the hub insertion direction on the inner peripheral surface of the hub, and
The outer race and roller of the bearing located on the rear side of the hub insertion direction are mounted, and the inner race of the bearing cannot be moved in the direction opposite to the insertion direction by a jig that is detachably attached to the inner peripheral surface of the hub. The above method is an axle assembly method using a jig for fixing a bearing in a hub in which the jig is removed after inserting the hub into the outer peripheral portion of the axle case.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In a rear axle of a vehicle such as an automobile, a hub 2 is attached to an end portion of an axle case 1 via two tapered roller bearings 3 and 4, and an axle shaft 5 inserted into the axle case 1 is shown in FIG. The structure in which the hub 6 is assembled with the bolt 6 is the same as the conventional one.

Here, the inner race 4C of the taper roller bearing 4 which is detachably attached to the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2 and is inserted into the outer peripheral portion of the axle case 1 is located on the rear side in the inserting direction. There is provided a bearing fixing jig configured to immovably lock the shaft in a direction opposite to the insertion direction. As the jig for fixing the bearing, there are four jigs shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.

This will be described in order. The bearing fixing jig 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a configuration in which a ring-shaped member 11 having a predetermined width is formed with a groove 12 extending spirally like a single thread groove. The bearing fixing jig 10 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2 by fitting the concave groove 12 into two protrusions 13A and 13B formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2 near the mounting portion of the tapered roller bearing 4. It is installed.

In this case, the protrusions 13A and 13B are formed at two axially distant locations on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2 and are axially displaced by the screw pitch of the groove 12. To mount the bearing fixing jig 10 on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2,
When the projections 13A and 13B on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2 are aligned with the recessed grooves 12 and the jig 10 is rotated in this state, the projections 13A and 13B move in the recessed grooves 12, whereby the jig 10 moves in the axial direction. To contact the inner race 4C of the taper roller bearing 4 and immovably lock the inner race 4C in the direction opposite to the insertion direction.

The bearing fixing jig 14 shown in FIG. 2 has a predetermined length (for example, a predetermined length) on the outer peripheral surface of a ring-shaped member 15 having a predetermined width in different diagonal directions along the circumferential direction from two diametrically spaced portions. , 1/4 of the circumference) extending concave groove 16 is formed, and one end portion of this concave groove 16 is opened at its one end surface,
The other end is closed. The bearing fixing jig 14 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2 by fitting the two recessed grooves 16 into the two protrusions 17 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2 near the mounting portion of the tapered roller bearing 4. It is installed.

In this case, the protrusion 17 is formed at the same position in the axial direction of the two portions of the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2 which are spaced apart in the diametrical direction. In order to mount the bearing fixing jig 14 on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2, the protrusion 17 on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2 is aligned with the opening position of the recessed groove 16, and the jig 14 is rotated in this state. The protrusion 17 moves inside the jig 16, whereby the jig 10 advances in the axial direction, and the taper roller bearing 4
Abut the inner race 4C of the
Is immovably locked in a direction opposite to the insertion direction.

The bearing fixing jig 18 shown in FIG. 3 has a structure in which a male screw portion 20 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of a ring-shaped member 19 having a predetermined width. The bearing fixing jig 18 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2 in the vicinity of the mounting portion of the tapered roller bearing 4, so that the male screw portion 20 is fitted to the screw portion 21 so that the jig 18 is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2. To be done.

That is, when the jig 18 is screwed in, the jig 18 advances in the axial direction to come into contact with the inner race 4C of the tapered roller bearing 4 and move the inner race 4C in the direction opposite to the inserting direction. It locks impossible. In addition, in the jigs 10, 14, and 18 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the engaging holes 22, 23, and 24 of the tool for rotating the jigs 10, 14, and 18 when the jigs 10, 14, and 18 are attached and detached are respectively provided. It is formed in two parts that are separated in the diametrical direction of the end face.

The bearing fixing jig 25 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
Is a pin 2 projecting in opposite directions to both ends of a plate member 26 made of a spring material that is curved and formed in a substantially semicircular shape.
7 is fixedly attached, and an eccentric cam 28 is formed at the base end of the pin 27. In this case, the eccentric cam 2
8 is formed in a shape having a substantially oval cross section in which the major axis extends in a direction offset by 90 degrees with respect to the line connecting both ends of the plate member 26.

The eccentric cam 28 may be formed integrally with the pin 27, or may be formed separately from the pin 27, and the pin 2
You may make it fit and attach to 7. Also, the plate member 2
A knob 29 for operating the jig 25 is provided at an intermediate portion between both ends of the jig 6. This bearing fixing jig 2
5 is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the hub by fitting the pins 27 at both ends thereof into two grooves 30 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2 near the mounting portion of the tapered roller bearing 4.

In this case, the groove 30 is formed at the same position in the axial direction of two diametrically spaced portions of the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2. In order to mount the bearing fixing jig 25 on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2, the plate member 26 is compressed and compressed so that the interval between the both end portions is narrowed, and the pins 27 at both end portions are formed in the groove on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2. Insert into 30. In this state, the eccentric cam 2
The major axis of 8 extends in a direction parallel to the end surface of the inner race 4C of the tapered roller bearing 4. Then, when the plate member 26 is rotated by 90 degrees, the eccentric cam 28 comes to a position where its long axis extends in the direction orthogonal to the end surface of the inner race 4C of the taper roller bearing 4, and the inner race of the taper roller bearing 4 is reached. 4C, and the inner race 4C is immovably locked in the direction opposite to the insertion direction.

In FIG. 4B, the dimensions of A and B are set to A <B. When using the bearing fixing jig shown in each of the above figures when assembling the vehicle axle, do the following. For example, the bearing fixing jig 18 of FIG. 3 will be described as an example. Before inserting the hub 2 into the outer peripheral portion of the axle case 1, as shown in FIG. The taper roller bearing 3 located on the front side in the direction is mounted, and the outer race 4A, the taper roller 4B, and the inner race 4C of the taper roller bearing 4 located on the rear side in the hub insertion direction are mounted.
The bearing fixing jig 18 is immovably locked in the opposite direction to the insertion direction, and as shown in FIG. 7, the jig 18 is removed after inserting the hub 2 into the outer peripheral portion of the axle case 1. To do.

As described above, before inserting the hub 2 into the outer peripheral portion of the axle case 1, the oil seal 7 and the taper roller bearing 3 located on the front side in the hub inserting direction are mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 2 and the hub is inserted. As a result of the inner race 4C of the tapered roller bearing 4 located on the rear side in the insertion direction being locked by the bearing fixing jig, the hub 2 and the axle case when inserting the hub 2 into the outer peripheral portion of the axle case 1 (1) The centering of both is accurate, and the centers of both are less likely to be displaced, and there is no risk of damaging the oil seal 7, the taper roller bearing 3, etc. during the insertion work.

That is, the assembling work is facilitated and the quality can be improved.

[0032]

As described above, according to the inventions of claims 1, 6 and 11, when the hub is inserted through the outer peripheral portion of the axle case, the centering of both the hub and the axle case becomes accurate, Misalignment between the centers of the two is unlikely to occur, and there is no risk of damage to the oil seals, bearings, etc. during the insertion work, and the assembly work is facilitated and the quality can be improved.

According to the inventions of claims 2, 3, 7 and 8, the inner race of the bearing located on the rear side in the hub insertion direction can be easily locked by rotating the ring-shaped member, and further, the hub can be locked. Since the side is simply provided with a concave groove, the hub is excellent in manufacturability. According to the inventions of claims 4 and 9, the inner race of the bearing located on the rear side in the hub insertion direction can be easily locked by rotating the ring-shaped member.

According to the fifth and tenth aspects of the invention, the inner race of the bearing located on the rear side in the hub insertion direction can be easily locked by rotating the plate member, and
Since the hub side is simply provided with a groove, the hub is excellent in manufacturability.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention, (A) is a side sectional view, and (B) is a partial sectional view showing a mounted state of a bearing fixing jig.

2A and 2B are views showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 2A is a side sectional view and FIG. 2B is a partial sectional view showing a mounted state of a bearing fixing jig.

FIG. 3 is a view showing still another embodiment of the present invention,
(A) is a side sectional view, (B) is a partial sectional view showing a mounting state of a bearing fixing jig

FIG. 4 is a view showing still another embodiment of the present invention,
(A) is a side sectional view, (B) is a partial sectional view showing a mounting state of a bearing fixing jig

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a bearing fixing jig according to the above embodiment.

6 is a side sectional view showing a hub assembling method using the bearing fixing jig in the embodiment of FIG.

7 is a side sectional view showing a hub assembling method using the bearing fixing jig in the embodiment of FIG.

8 is a side sectional view showing a hub assembly method using the bearing fixing jig in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a side sectional view showing a conventional axle structure.

FIG. 10 is a side sectional view showing a conventional hub assembly method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Axle Case 2 Hub 3,4 Tapered Roller Bearing 4C Inner Race 5 Axle Shaft 6 Bolt 10 Bearing Fixing Jig 11 Ring Member 12 Recessed Groove 13A, 13B Protrusion 14 Bearing Fixing Fixture 16 Recessed Groove 17 Protrusion 18 Bearing Fixation Jig 19 Ring-shaped member 20 Male thread 21 Female thread 25 Bearing fixing jig 26 Plate member 27 Pin 28 Eccentric cam

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. An axle of a vehicle in which a hub is attached to an end of an axle case via two bearings, and an axle shaft inserted in the axle case is assembled to the hub by a fastener. When inserting the axle case into the outer peripheral portion of the hub on the inner peripheral surface, a detachable jig for locking the inner race of the bearing located on the rear side in the inserting direction in the direction opposite to the inserting direction so as to be immovable A hub structure for an axle of a vehicle, characterized in that a mounting portion is formed. 2. The jig comprises a ring-shaped member having a predetermined width and a groove extending spirally like a single thread groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped member. 2. A hub for an axle of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the two hubs are axle projections that are formed axially offset from each other in the diametrical direction on the peripheral surface by the screw pitch of the groove and are fitted into the groove. Construction. 3. The jig has a groove formed on an outer peripheral surface of a ring-shaped member having a predetermined width and extending from two portions spaced apart in a diametrical direction by a predetermined length in different oblique directions along the circumferential direction. One end portion of the groove is opened at one end surface and the other end portion is closed, and the attachment portion of the jig has two axially identical portions in the axial direction that are spaced apart from each other in the diameter direction of the inner peripheral surface of the hub. The axle structure for a vehicle axle according to claim 1, wherein the hub structure is a protrusion formed at a position and fitted in the groove. 4. The jig has a structure in which a male thread portion is formed on an outer peripheral surface of a ring-shaped member having a predetermined width, and a mounting portion of the jig is fitted on the male thread portion on an inner peripheral surface of a hub. The hub structure for an axle of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the hub structure is a female screw portion to be fitted. 5. The jig is such that pins projecting in opposite directions are fixedly attached to both ends of a plate member made of a spring material that is curved and formed in a substantially semicircular shape, and the base end of the pin is fixed to the jig. An eccentric cam is formed, and the attachment part of the jig is
2. The hub structure for an axle of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the hub inner peripheral surface is a groove formed in two axially distant portions that are spaced apart from each other in the diametrical direction and into which the pin is fitted. 6. A vehicle axle in which a hub is attached to an end portion of an axle case via two bearings, and an axle shaft inserted in the axle case is assembled to the hub by a fastener, the axle of the vehicle comprising: It is detachably attached to the attachment part on the inner peripheral surface, and when inserting the hub into the outer peripheral part of the axle case, the inner race of the bearing located on the rear side in the insertion direction cannot move in the direction opposite to the insertion direction. A jig for fixing a bearing on a hub of an axle of a vehicle, which is characterized in that the jig is locked to the. 7. A ring-shaped member having a predetermined width is formed with a recessed groove extending spirally like a single threaded groove, and the recessed groove is separated in the diametrical direction of the inner peripheral surface of the hub. The jig for fixing a bearing in an axle hub of a vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the jig is configured to be fitted to projections formed at two portions axially displaced by a screw pitch of the groove. 8. A groove having a predetermined width is formed on an outer peripheral surface of a ring-shaped member, the groove extending from two portions spaced apart in the diametrical direction so as to extend in different oblique directions along the circumferential direction by a predetermined length, and one end of the groove is formed. 2 is a structure in which one end surface of the hub is opened and the other end portion is closed, and the groove is spaced apart in the diameter direction of the inner peripheral surface of the hub.
7. A jig for fixing a bearing in an axle hub of a vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the jig is configured to be fitted to protrusions formed at the same position in the axial direction of the portion. 9. A ring-shaped member having a predetermined width is formed with an external thread portion on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and the external thread portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hub and is therefore fitted into the thread portion. A jig for fixing a bearing in a hub of an axle of a vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that. 10. A plate member made of a spring material that is curved in a substantially semicircular shape is fixedly attached to both ends of the plate member so as to project in opposite directions, and an eccentric cam is formed at the base end of the pin. 7. The vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the pin is fitted in a groove formed at two axially distant positions on the inner peripheral surface of the hub at the same position in the axial direction. A jig for fixing bearings on axle hubs. A hub is attached to an end portion of an axle case via two bearings, and an axle shaft inserted into the axle case is attached to the hub by a fastener. Before inserting the hub into the outer peripheral part of the case, install the seal member and the bearing located on the front side in the hub insertion direction on the inner peripheral surface of the hub, and the outer race and roller of the bearing located on the rear side in the hub insertion direction. And the inner race of the bearing is immovably locked in a direction opposite to the inserting direction by a jig that is detachably attached to the inner peripheral surface of the hub, and after inserting the hub into the outer peripheral portion of the axle case, An axle assembly method using a jig for fixing a bearing in a hub, characterized in that the jig is removed.