JPH09267297A - Directional discriminating method of printed circuit board and drilling method and device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make the extent of directional properties in a printed circuit board so as to be discriminable surely and accurately in a simple structure. SOLUTION: An auxiliary make M3 at the lower part of two identifying marks M1 and M2 at both sides is installed in a printed circuit board P, and a directional discriminating mark A is installed in an inner part of the mark 1. The identifying mark M1 and this mark A are eccentric to each other, and the mark 1 and the mark A are imagerially recognized at the same time, and if the mark A is situated in a spot nearer downwards in the identifying make M1, it is so judgeable that the auxilairy mark M3 exists at the left lower corner. If the directional discriminating mark A is in a spot nearer upward, the mark M3 is at the left upper corner. Supposing that this discriminating mark A is not in the inner part of the identifying mark at the left, left and right of the printed circuit board P is reverse to this illustration, so that looking at the directional discriminating mark A in the identifying mark at the right, a position of the auxiliary mark M3 is found out owing to the inclination, thereby the directiona properties of the printed circuit board is thus discriminable.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for discriminating the direction of a printed circuit board, a method for punching, and an apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the production of printed circuit boards,
After printing the circuit pattern on one large-area substrate, various processes are performed. For example, a plurality of substrates are stacked and vacuum-pressed to form one multi-layer substrate, or when the prepreg that serves as an adhesive layer at that time protrudes in a burr shape on the outer periphery of the substrate, it is cut, Processing such as forming a small hole for mounting or the like, or cutting and separating the board for each circuit pattern to obtain a large number of small circuit boards is performed. In performing these processes, strict alignment is required when setting the substrate in the processing device. For example, in the case of manufacturing a multilayer (for example, 6 layers or more) substrate by stacking a plurality of substrates, if the patterns of the stacked substrates do not have an accurate positional relationship, the product becomes defective.

Therefore, when the printed circuit board is processed, a pair of guide holes are provided in the board, and the guide holes are positioned and processed by inserting them into guide pins provided in the processing apparatus. There is. However, if only a pair of guide holes provided in line symmetry is used as a reference, the printed circuit board may be set upside down or left-right inverted, which is not suitable as a board setting guide. Was enough. Therefore, one of the four corners of the printed circuit board
A method is used in which an auxiliary hole is provided at a location and the auxiliary hole is used as a reference for front / back and left / right discrimination.

The guide hole and the auxiliary hole serve as a reference for processing, and it is required to make a hole at an accurate position. Therefore, when printing the circuit pattern, mark the holes for the guide holes and auxiliary holes in advance,
An image of this mark is picked up by an image pickup means such as a TV camera or an X-ray camera provided in the punching device, the image is processed, and the punching means such as a drill is moved to the position obtained as a result, and the mark is punched. Things are used.

As described above, a structure in which a guide hole and an auxiliary hole are provided by performing mark image pickup, image processing, and punching of a substrate having marks provided in advance at three places is adopted. At the time of setting, the front and back or the left and right may be set upside down. That is, when the front and back sides or the left and right sides of the printed circuit board are set upside down, it is relatively easy to detect the identification mark provided in line symmetry by imaging the position where the mark should exist by the imaging means. It is difficult to detect the auxiliary mark provided near the corner. For example, when the auxiliary mark is provided in the upper left corner of the printed circuit board, the image capturing means naturally takes an image of the upper left corner of the printed circuit board. It cannot be detected because it is located in the lower left corner, the upper right corner, or the lower right corner.

In order to solve this problem, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-228800 discloses one identification mark (first mark) and one auxiliary mark (third mark) at the same time by one image pickup means. There is disclosed a method for determining the directionality.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
According to No. 0, the directionality of the printed circuit board can be discriminated even when the printed circuit board is set upside down or left and right. However, in this configuration, since the identification mark and the auxiliary mark are imaged at the same time, it is necessary to make the imaging region (image processing region) very large. Since it is possible to take an image not only in the image pickup area for two marks but also in the upper and lower positions of the identification mark as the center, only one mark at a time as in the conventional case. It is necessary to make the imaging area very large compared to the case of imaging. When the image pickup area is widened in this way, the individual marks are inevitably reflected in a small size, and accordingly, the accuracy of image processing / center position detection of the individual marks decreases.
Further, if the image pickup area is large, the circuit pattern is also reflected at the same time, making it difficult to visually recognize the identification mark. Further, the auxiliary mark cannot be provided at an arbitrary position and must be provided near the identification mark, which limits the layout of the printed circuit board.

[0008]

According to the present invention, a direction discriminating mark is provided inside or in the vicinity of the discriminating mark, and the direction of the printed circuit board is discriminated by the direction of the direction discriminating mark center deviating from the center of the discriminating mark. .

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The direction determining method according to the present invention is provided with a pair of identification marks on both sides of a printed circuit board.
At least one of the two identification marks is provided with a direction discriminating mark inside or in the vicinity thereof, and the directionality of the printed circuit board is discriminated based on the deviation direction of the center of the direction discriminating mark from the center of the discriminating mark. is there.

According to this method, an auxiliary mark is provided on the printed circuit board at a position other than a straight line connecting both identification marks, and the position where the auxiliary mark exists based on the direction of deviation of the center of the direction determining mark from the center of the identifying mark. Is effective when detecting.

Further, after the directionality is discriminated by the above method, holes may be drilled at the respective center positions of both the identification mark and the auxiliary mark.

A hole punching device for making such a hole is obtained by image pickup means for picking up an image of an identification mark provided on a printed circuit board, image processing means for image-processing the image pickup result of the image pickup means, and image processing. The image processing means has a hole forming means for making holes at respective center positions of the identified marks and a control means for controlling a series of hole forming operations, and the image processing means simultaneously detects the center of the identification mark and the center of the direction identifying mark. The control means determines the directionality of the printed circuit board based on the displacement direction of the center of the direction determination mark with respect to the center of the identification mark, detects the position where the auxiliary mark exists, and positions the imaging means there. After the auxiliary mark is imaged and image-processed, the auxiliary mark is controlled to be perforated by the perforation means.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A method for determining the directionality of a printed circuit board according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The printed circuit board P is provided with substantially line-symmetrical identification marks M1 and M2 on both sides, and the auxiliary mark M is provided below the identification mark M1.
3 are provided. Inside the identification mark M1, a small white direction identification mark A is provided. The identification mark M1 and the direction identification mark A are eccentric, and the identification mark M1
The direction identification mark A is located near the lower part of. Therefore, when the identification mark M1 is recognized, the direction discrimination mark A is also recognized at the same time, and if the direction discrimination mark A is located in the lower part of the discrimination mark M1, the printed board P is in a normal posture and the auxiliary mark M3. Can be judged to exist in the lower left corner. If the direction determining mark A is located in the upper part of the identification mark M1, it can be determined that the auxiliary mark M3 is located in the upper left corner. If the direction identification mark A does not exist inside even if the left identification mark is imaged, the left and right sides of the printed circuit board P are reversed.
The identification mark M1 is on the right side. If the direction determining mark A is located below the identification mark M1, it can be determined that the auxiliary mark M3 is present in the lower right corner. If the direction determination mark A is located above the identification mark M1, it can be determined that the auxiliary mark A exists in the upper right corner.

Next, a printed circuit board boring device adopting this method will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. First, a general configuration of the punching device will be described. FIG. 2 shows the entire structure of the punching device according to the present invention. Above the work table 1, a pair of X-ray irradiating means 4 is supported at a predetermined interval. The X-ray irradiating means 4 is connected to a protective tube 6 which constitutes a passage 5 for irradiating X-rays. A shutter 7 is provided in the protective tube 6 so as to cross the X-ray passage 5, and the shutter is driven to move back and forth to open and close the passage 5. A vertical guide groove 8 is formed on the outer periphery of the protective tube 6. A protective cylinder 10 having an X-ray passage 9 communicating with the passage 5 is provided below the protective pipe 6 so as to be able to approach and separate from the work table 1. Protective tube 1
0 is fixed to the lower end of the cylindrical body 13 fitted to the outer circumference of the protective tube 6. A guide 14 slidable in the guide groove 8 is provided in a part of the cylindrical body 13. A shield member 12 that can be moved up and down by a cylinder 11 is provided around the protective cylinder 10. The shielding member 12 is made of a synthetic resin sheet containing lead, and is provided with two vertical cuts at juxtaposed portions at appropriate intervals. The shielding member 12 has an X-ray shielding effect inside. A metallic chain to raise is provided. When irradiating with X-rays, the skirt portion hits the work on the table, and by sealing the inside, it is possible to shield the X-rays from leaking to the surroundings.

Among the X-ray irradiating means having such a structure, the fixed side X-ray irradiating means 4a is provided on the left side of the drawing, and the moving side X-ray irradiating means 4b is provided on the right side. A nut 15 is provided on the moving side X-ray irradiator 4b, and the nut 15 is screwed onto a lead screw 17 rotated by a motor 16. Further, the moving-side X-ray irradiator 4b has a slider 1 that slides on the rail 18.
9 are provided. Therefore, by the operation of the motor 16, the moving side X-ray irradiating means 2b can be moved in the lateral direction of the drawing.

3 and 4 show the lower part of the work table 1. A pair of image pickup means 2 for picking up a transmission image of a work which is irradiated with X-rays, a pair of punching means 3, and a driving means 20 are provided. First, the image pickup means 2 and the punching means 3 will be described. A support plate 39 is erected on the Y table 21, and the support plate 39 holds the X-ray camera 2 serving as an imaging means via a connecting plate 40 and a tubular member 41. An image processing device, a central processing device, and the like are connected to the X-ray camera 2, and the operation of the drive means 20 and the like described later is controlled based on the result of image processing of the transmission image of the work. A pair of rails 42 is provided on one side of the support plate 39.
Is attached. A rail guide 44a is provided on the holding frame 44 that holds the perforating means 3, and the rail guide 44a is slidably fitted on the rail 42. The boring means 3 has an air spindle 43a, a collet chuck 43b fixed to the upper end of the air spindle 43a, and a perforating member such as a drill 43c held by the collet chuck 43b. The drill 43c is rotated by the driving of the air spindle 43a to make a hole in the printed circuit board. A chip cover 45 is attached to the upper end of the punching means 3.

Next, the drive mechanism 46 for driving the punching means 3 in the vertical direction (z direction) will be described with reference to FIG. A lead screw 48 extending in the z direction is rotatably attached to the support plate 39 via an attachment member 47. This lead screw 48 has a nut 4
9 is screwed, and this nut is fixed to the above-mentioned holding frame 44 via the nut holder 50. The upper end of the lead screw 48 is connected to the belt wheel 51. Further, the mounting member 47 holds the motor 52, and the drive shaft of the motor 52 is connected to the belt wheel 53. A belt 54 is wound around the belt wheels 51 and 53. Therefore, the belt wheel 53 is driven by the motor 52.
When is rotated, the rotation is transmitted to the belt wheel 51 via the belt 53, which causes the lead screw 48 to rotate. Then, the nut holder 50 is integrated with the nut 49.
The holding frame 44 moves in the Z direction, and the punching means 3 held by the holding frame moves up and down.

Of the image pickup means 2 and the punching means 3 having such a configuration, the fixed side image pickup means 2a and the fixed side punching means 3a are provided on the left side of the drawing, and the fixed side image pickup means 2a and the fixed side punching means 3a are provided on the right side. They are the side imaging means 2b and the moving side drilling means 3b.

The drive means 20 moves the image pickup means 2 and the punching means 3 located below the work table 1 to the work position, and a pair of rails 29 in the left-right direction (X direction) of FIGS. Is provided. A slider 22 slidable in the X direction is mounted on the rail 29, and an X table 23 is mounted on the slider 22.
The fixed X table 23a has a nut 24a screwed into a short lead screw 26a connected to a motor 25a.
Is fixed. On the moving X table 23b, a pair of long lead screws 26b connected to the motor 25b via a timing belt 35 that is wound around the roller 33 and a pulley 34 in a T-shape is screwed. The nut 24b is fixed. Therefore, when the lead screw 26 is rotated by driving the motor 25, the X table 23 moves in the X direction integrally with the nut 24. The moving range of the fixed-side X table 23a is small, and the moving range of the moving-side X table 23b is large.

On the X table 23, the vertical direction (Y
A rail 27 extending in the (direction) is fixed. A slider 28 is slidably fitted on the rail 27. The Y table 21 is fixed on the slider 28. A nut 32 is fixed to the lower surface of the Y table 21. A motor 30 is fixed on the X table 23, and a lead screw 31 connected to the drive shaft of the motor is rotatably arranged. The nut 32 is screwed into the lead screw 31. Therefore, when the lead screw 31 is rotated by the drive of the motor 30, the Y table 2 is integrated with the nut 32.
1 moves in the Y direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, the work table 1 includes
A hole 60a is provided at a position facing the fixed-side image pickup means 2a or the punching means 3a. Further, an elongated hole 60b extending in the X direction is provided, and the moving side X table 23 is provided.
Even if the moving-side imaging means 2b and the punching means 3b are moved by b, the moving-side imaging means 2b or the punching means 3b can face the hole 60b.

FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of this punching device. The above-mentioned X-ray irradiation means 4 and drive means 2
0, the drilling means 3 are all controlled by the control means (CPU) 70. Then, the image pickup result of the image pickup unit 2 is input to the control unit 70 via the image processing unit 71.

Next, a method of making holes in a printed circuit board according to the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, the printed circuit board to be punched is a multilayer board in which the circuit pattern and the identification mark for punching are not exposed.

First, the driving means 2 is arranged so as to match the interval between the identification marks provided on the printed board to be punched.
The moving-side imaging means 2 on the moving-side X table 23b
b and the punching means 3b are moved in the X direction, and the printed circuit board P (see FIG. 1) is set on the work table 1.

Therefore, the imaging marks 2 are used to image the identification marks M1 and M2 on both sides, and the image processing means 71
Image processing is performed to obtain the center position of the identification mark. At that time, the center of the direction determining mark A existing in the identification mark M1 is also obtained by image processing. Then, the control means 70 actuates the drive means 20 again to position both drills 43c at the center positions of the identification marks M1 and M2, and the air spindle 43
Operate a to make a hole. At this time, the drill 4 on the fixed side
3c penetrates the hole 60a, and the drill 43c on the moving side penetrates the elongated hole 60b to perform guide drilling.

On the other hand, the control means 70 compares the center of the identification mark M1 with the center of the direction discriminating mark A and discriminates the directionality of the printed circuit board according to the direction of displacement,
The position of the auxiliary mark A is calculated. Then, the printed board P is moved by an unillustrated substrate moving means so that the auxiliary mark A comes to a position facing the image pickup means, an image is taken, the center of the auxiliary mark A is obtained by the image processing means 71, and the punching means 3 is used. Make an auxiliary hole at the center of the auxiliary mark A.

According to the present invention, the auxiliary holes will not be defectively formed due to a mistake in setting the substrate. In addition, the auxiliary mark can be detected reliably and accurately without increasing the image pickup area of the image pickup unit or providing an image pickup unit dedicated to the auxiliary mark. The auxiliary mark can be provided at any position on the printed circuit board and does not limit the layout of the printed circuit board.

In this embodiment, the printed circuit board to be perforated is a multi-layer board, and an X-ray camera is used as an image pickup means for picking up an image of the positioning mark not exposed on the surface. However, it is not a multi-layer board. , If it is just to make a hole in the printed circuit board where the positioning mark is exposed,
A normal TV camera will do. In the case of using a normal TV camera, an expensive X-ray generator and a risk prevention measure are unnecessary, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

Further, the auxiliary mark is not provided on the printed circuit board, and the auxiliary hole is set at a position separated from the identification mark by a predetermined distance in a predetermined direction of the printed circuit board.
It is effective to use the directionality determining method according to the present invention as a premise of the numerical control even when the auxiliary hole is formed by numerical control instead of image processing.

Regarding the identification mark and the directionality determination mark,
If the centers of the two do not match, the shape, color, etc. are not limited, and the directionality determination mark may not necessarily be provided inside the identification mark, but may be provided adjacent to the identification mark.

In the above embodiment, a pair of image pick-up means and punching means are used, but it is also possible to move one pick-up means and punching means one by one to form guide holes and auxiliary holes. Also, the drill of the above embodiment can be replaced with other drilling means such as a punch.

In the above embodiment, a hole is formed at the center of the mark. However, when the distance between both identification marks is not the designed distance due to an error during printing of the mark or expansion and contraction due to heat, this error occurs. It is also possible to divide the error into two equal parts and to make holes at positions corrected by dividing the center of both the identification marks by these two equal parts.

[0033]

According to the present invention, even when the printed circuit board is set in the front and back or in a state where the left and right sides are out of alignment, it can be accurately discriminated. Moreover, there is no need to specially widen the image pickup area of the image pickup means or to add an additional image pickup means, the configuration is simple, and there is no fear of degrading the position detection accuracy. Furthermore, there is no restriction on the layout of the printed circuit board.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a printed circuit board illustrating a directionality determining method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a punching device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view below a work table of the punching device.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view of the punching device below a work table.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the punching device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2, 2a, 2b Imaging means (X-ray camera) 3, 3a, 3b Drilling means 70 Control means (CPU) 71 Image processing means A Direction discrimination mark M1, M2 Identification mark M3 Auxiliary mark P Printed circuit board

Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI Technical display area H05K 3/46 H05K 3/46 B

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pair of identification marks are provided on both sides of a printed circuit board, and at least one of the identification marks is provided with a direction identification mark inside or near the center of the identification mark. The method for determining the directionality of a printed circuit board is characterized in that the directionality of the printed circuit board is determined based on the direction of deviation of the center of the direction determination mark. 2. An auxiliary mark is provided on the printed circuit board at a position other than a straight line connecting the both identification marks,
2. The method for determining the directionality of a printed circuit board according to claim 1, wherein the position where the auxiliary mark is present is detected based on the displacement direction of the center of the direction determining mark with respect to the center of the identifying mark. 3. A print characterized in that after the directionality is determined by the method for determining the directionality of a printed circuit board according to claim 2, a hole is drilled at the center position of each of the identification mark and the auxiliary mark. How to drill a board. 4. An image pickup means for picking up an identification mark provided on a printed circuit board, an image processing means for image-processing an image pickup result by the image pickup means, and a center position of each of the identification marks obtained by the image processing. And a control means for controlling a series of drilling operations, wherein the image processing means simultaneously detects the center of the identification mark and the center of the direction determination mark, The means determines the directionality of the printed circuit board based on the displacement direction of the center of the direction determination mark with respect to the center of the identification mark, detects the position where the auxiliary mark exists, and positions the imaging means there. Then, after the auxiliary mark is imaged and image-processed, control is performed so that the center of the auxiliary mark is perforated by the perforation means. Drilling device.