JPH09250292A - Shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a long-distance driving and response to variation in soil quality in excavating a natural ground by a shield machine and laying a pipeline composed of a continuous pipe. SOLUTION: A shield main body 1 of a shield machine (A) is partitioned by a bulkhead 5 so as to form a fracture space 6 and a machine inside space 7. A cutter head 4 is brought in contact with the internal circumferential face of the shield main body so as to be rotatably supported and rotatably driven by a drive device 17 attached to the bulkhead 5. A cutter bit 19 is detechably attached to the cutter head 4 from the fracture space 6 side. A manhole 8 is formed in the partition wall 5 and the manhole 8 is closed by a lid body 9. An eccentric shaft 14 provided with a truncated-cone shaped cone crusher 15 is rotatably supported on a shaft bearing part 136 formed in the bulkhead 5. A conical fracture wall 21 is formed inside the shield main body 1 surrounding the cone crusher 15.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavator capable of long-distance propulsion by exchanging a cutter bit while propelling in the ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When laying a pipeline in the ground by a propulsion method, a starting shaft and an arrival shaft are constructed in advance along a planned laying line, and the excavator and the excavation machine are installed by a push device installed in the starting shaft. The Hume pipe that follows the machine is propelled toward the arrival shaft, and when the excavator reaches the arrival shaft, the conduit is composed of many Hume pipes laid between the start shaft and the arrival shaft.

[0003]

The starting shaft and the arrival shaft are generally constructed on the road. For this reason, the surrounding traffic conditions are greatly affected, and there is a demand for the development of a so-called long-distance propulsion machine capable of increasing the distance between the starting shaft and the arriving shaft as much as possible.

Recently, sewerage is being developed from hilly areas to mountainous areas. With the diversification of the target ground, the soil quality changes along the planned laying line of the pipeline, and excavation performance is kept constant. There are problems such as not getting.

An object of the present invention is to provide an excavator capable of exchanging cutter bits even during propulsion so as to cope with long-distance propulsion and soil quality fluctuations.

[0006]

In order to solve the above problems, the excavator according to the present invention is provided with a partition wall provided at a predetermined position of a shield body and dividing the shield body into a crushing space and an in-machine space, and the crushing space. A cutter head that is disposed at the tip of the cutter and is rotatably supported by contacting a part of the outer circumference with the inner circumferential surface of the shield body; a cutter bit that is detachably attached to the cutter head from the partition side; A drive member for rotationally driving the cutter head, and the partition wall formed between the cutter head and the partition wall so that the axis is substantially parallel to the axis of the shield body, the cutter head side is thin and the partition wall side is thick in a truncated cone shape. A cone crusher rotatably supported on the cone crusher, a drive member for driving the cone crusher, and a cutter head arranged around the cone crusher. And crushing wall crushing the gravel with the thick and is formed partition wall side a thin frustum cone crusher, which is constituted of the formed in the partition wall crushing space and cabin space and a manhole which communicates with.

In the excavator, the cutter bit is attached to the cutter head from the partition wall side, and a part of the outer circumference of the cutter head is rotatably supported by the inner circumference of the shield body so that the body is rotatably supported by the body. Therefore, a crushing space without a rotating member such as a shaft is formed between the cutter head and the partition wall. Therefore, even while the excavator is propelled, the cutter head can be stopped and the worker can enter the crushing space through the manhole formed in the partition wall, and the cutter attached to the cutter head in the space can be cut. Bits can be exchanged.

In the excavator, it is preferable that the driving member for driving the cutter head and the driving member for driving the cone crusher are the same motor.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the excavator will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of the excavator, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a partition wall portion of the excavator.

The excavator A according to the present invention is applied when laying a pipe having a diameter of 800 mm or more, and a cutter bit attached to the cutter head by a worker who has entered from the machine side through a subsequent pipe. It is possible to continuously excavate in the ground by exchanging the above, and thus, it is possible to propel for a long distance.

In the figure, an excavator A is propelled toward an arrival shaft by a thrust force applied from an original pushing device installed in a starting shaft (not shown), and is preliminarily attached to a planned laying line of a pipeline. A laser beam emitted along the reference line is used as a reference line, and a deviation of the propulsion direction from the reference line is detected. When the propulsion direction deviates from the reference line, the propulsion direction can be corrected so that the propulsion direction can be matched to the planned laying line. Is configured. The structure of the excavator A is the same as that of a conventional excavator that has been conventionally used, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The excavator A has a shield body 1 arranged on the tip side, a tail shield 2 connected to the shield body 1 through a plurality of direction control jacks 3, and a rotatably attached to the tip of the shield body 1. Cutter head 4
And is configured.

A partition wall 5 is provided at a predetermined position of the shield body 1, a crushing space 6 is formed on the cutter head 4 side of the partition wall 5, and an in-machine space 7 is formed on the tail shield 2 side. In addition, a manhole 8 that connects the crushing space 6 and the in-machine space 7 is formed at a predetermined position of the partition wall 5, and the manhole 8 is closed by a lid 9. The manhole 8 has a cross-sectional area that allows an operator to easily pass through it.

The cutter head 4 rotatably attached to the tip of the shield body 1 is a cutter bit described later.
A face plate 4a to which the 19 is detachably attached, and a cylindrical portion 4 which is formed on the outer periphery of the face plate 4a and fits on the inner periphery of the shield body 1.
b, and the internal gear 10 is fixed on the extension of the tubular portion 4b. The internal gear 10 is fitted to a bearing 11 fixed to the shield body 1 and is rotatably supported. Further, a seal ring 12 is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical portion 4b and the fitting portion with the inner periphery of the shield body 1 to prevent intrusion of muddy water or groundwater from the fitting portion.

A boss-shaped bearing portion 13 is formed at a position where the partition wall 5 is separated from the shaft center of the shield body 1 by a predetermined distance and does not interfere with the manhole 8, and an eccentric shaft 14 is provided on the bearing portion 13 with an eccentric shaft 14. Is rotatably supported by being arranged substantially parallel to the axis of the. A cone crusher 15 is rotatably mounted on the eccentric shaft 14 on the side facing the crushing space 6, and a gear 16 meshing with the internal gear 10 is fixed by a key 14a at a position facing the internal gear 10. Has been done.

In the present embodiment, the cutter head 4 and the cone crusher 15 are driven by the same drive device 17. That is, a drive device 17 including a motor, a speed reducer, and a transmission is arranged at a predetermined position of the partition wall 5, and a drive gear 18 of the drive device 17 meshes with the internal gear 10. Therefore, when the drive device 17 is driven to rotate the drive gear 18,
The internal gear 10 meshing with the gear 18 rotates, and the cutter head 4 rotates with this rotation. At the same time, the internal gear 10
The gear 16 that meshes with rotates, and the cone crusher 15 rotates with this rotation.

The partition wall 5 has a mud pipe (not shown) for supplying muddy water to the crushing space 6 and a muddy water pipe (not shown) for discharging the excavated earth and sand and crushed gravel together with the muddy water in the crushing space 6. It is arranged.

The cutter head 4 presses against the natural ground according to the thrust applied by the original pushing device, and the driving device 17
Driven by, the ground is excavated, and the cutter bit 19 having a large number of protrusions 19a on the outer periphery and the cutter bit 19 having a ring-shaped protrusion 19b are formed so as to flexibly respond to changes in soil properties. A plurality of cutter bits 19, etc., are detachably attached to each. Further, the face plate 4a of the cutter head 4 is provided with a hole (not shown) for taking in earth and sand, gravel, boulders, etc. excavated by the cutter bit 19 into the crushing space 6.

The cutter bits 19 are rotatably supported by support brackets 20 fixed to the face plate 4a of the cutter head 4 and attached to the cutter head 4. The support bracket 20 is configured so that the cutter bit 19 can be attached to and detached from the surface of the cutter head 4 on the crushing space 6 side.

Cutter bit 19 with support bracket 20
The attaching / detaching method for the cutter head 4 is not particularly limited. That is, while the rotating shaft (not shown) of the cutter bit 19 is clamped by the support bracket 20, the bracket 20 is welded to the cutter head 4 and the cutter bit 4 is welded.
It is possible to attach the mounting bracket 19 and replace the supporting bracket 20 by gouging the welding portion at the time of replacement. It is also possible to weld the member constituting the support bracket 20 to the cutter head 4 and fix other members to the member with bolts or the like so as to clamp the rotary shaft of the cutter bit 19.

The cone crusher 15 is formed in a truncated cone shape having a large diameter on the partition wall 5 side (original side) and a small diameter on the cutter head 4 side (tip end side).
15a is formed. Further, on the inner surface of the shield body 1 facing the cone crusher 15, a crushing wall 21 formed of a conical surface having a small diameter on the partition wall 5 side and a large diameter on the cutter head side is formed. 21a is formed. Then, the cone crusher 15 and the crushing wall 21 form a crushing chamber 22 having a smaller cross section from the cutter head 4 side to the partition wall 5 side.

The cone crusher 15 separates from and contacts the crushing wall 21 as the eccentric shaft 16 rotates. Therefore, the gravel and cobblestone taken into the crushing chamber 22 are sandwiched between the crushing wall 21 and the cone crusher 15 and are crushed by the impact force. When crushing gravel or boulders, it is not always necessary to rotate the cone crusher 15 eccentrically. However, in this case the crushing wall 21
It is necessary to provide a blade for crushing on the surface of the cone crusher and / or the surface of the cone crusher 15 so that the blade can be sheared and broken.

In the excavator A constructed as described above, when the driving device 17 is driven to rotate the cutter head 4 while transmitting the thrust of the original pushing device through the pipe following the excavator A. At the same time, when the cone crusher 15 is eccentrically rotated, the ground is excavated by the cutter bit 19 of the cutter head 4 and the excavated earth and gravel are taken into the crushing space 6.

The excavated earth and sand taken into the crushing space 6 is compacted in the crushing chamber 22 and discharged together with mud water from the mud discharge pipe to the outside. Further, the gravel and the cobblestone are sandwiched between the crushing wall 21 and the cone crusher 15 and crushed, and the crushed pieces that have passed through the minimum gap of the crushing chamber 22 are discharged to the outside through the mud pipe together with the muddy water.

When the cutter bit 19 wears out as the propulsion length of the excavator A increases, the propulsion of the excavator A is stopped, the working space 7 is removed, and the lid 9 is removed from the partition wall 5 to remove the manhole 8. Through the manhole 8 and an operator enters the crushing space 6 to replace the cutter bit 19 attached to the cutter head 4.

After exchanging the cutter bit 19, the lid 9 is attached to the partition wall 5, the manhole 8 is closed, and each drive unit is driven again, so that the new cutter bit 19 can excavate the natural ground. Yes, it is therefore possible to realize long-distance propulsion.

[0027]

As described in detail above, in the excavator according to the present invention, the manhole can be opened by removing the bracket provided on the partition wall, and the cone crusher in the crushing space can be removed. Therefore, the worker can easily enter and exit the crushing space through the manhole, and can replace the cutter bit attached to the cutter head from the space side.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of an excavator.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a drive system of an excavator.

[Explanation of symbols] A, B Excavator 1 Shield body 2 Tail shield 3 Directional control jack 4 Cutter head 4a Face plate 4b Cylindrical part 5 Partition wall 6 Crush space 7 Machine space 8 Manhole 9 Lid 10 Internal gear 11 Bearing 13 Bearing part 14 Eccentric shaft 15 Cone crusher 16 Gear 17 Drive 18 Drive gear 19 Cutter bit 20 Support bracket 21 Crushing wall 22 Crushing chamber

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A partition wall which is provided at a predetermined position of the shield main body and divides the shield main body into a crushing space and an in-machine space, and a part of the outer circumference which is arranged at the tip of the crushing space and is substantially in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the shield main body. And a rotatably supported cutter head, a cutter bit detachably attached to the cutter head from the partition side, a drive member for rotationally driving the cutter head, and between the cutter head and the partition. Cone crusher rotatably supported by the partition wall, the cone center of which is arranged substantially parallel to the axis of the shield body, the cutter head side is thin and the partition wall side is thick, and the cone crusher is rotatably supported by the partition wall. And the cone crusher is arranged so as to surround the cone crusher and has a thick cutter head side and a thin partition wall side. An excavator having a crushing wall for crushing gravel and a manhole formed in the partition wall for communicating the crushing space with the in-machine space. 2. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the drive member that drives the cutter head and the drive member that drives the cone crusher are the same motor.