JPH09243040A - Refuse incineration equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refuse feeding device capable of stably feeding refuse to an incinerator and capable of reducing production of hazardous substances or preventing the hazardous substances from being produced. SOLUTION: This refuse incineration equipment comprises a refuse feeding device 3 and an incinerator. The refuse feeding device is composed of a main body having a refuse hopper 4, a refuse outlet hole 6 and a refuse sealing portion 12 and a screw shaft 5 installed in a bottom of the refuse hopper. A fluid path 24 in communication with the refuse sealing portion is provided in the screw shaft and a consolidation detecting pipe 25 and a consolidation relieving pipe 26 as a fluid feeding device are connected to the fluid path. The consolidation detecting pipe 25 is provided with a pressure gage 27 and the consolidation relieving pipe 26 is provided with a solenoid valve 29. When back pressure (P) of fluid supplied to the fluid path becomes higher than that in an ordinary operation, a control section 31 opens the solenoid valve 29 to supply high pressure fluid through the consolidation relieving pipe to pulverize the refuse in the refuse sealing portion.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refuse incineration system provided with a dust supply device for feeding refuse such as municipal waste and an incinerator for incinerating refuse fed from the dust supply device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 10 shows a control flow of a conventionally known refuse incineration facility. As shown in the figure, the waste such as municipal waste stored in the waste pit 1 is thrown into the hopper section 4 of the dust feeder 3 by the crane 2. The dust supply device 3 sends the dust received in the hopper 4 to the discharge port 6 side by rotation of a screw shaft 5 provided at the bottom of the hopper 4, and discharges the dust discharged from the discharge port 6 to a discharge chute. And put into an incinerator 8 via. Incinerator 8
The dust thrown in is burned by the combustion air supplied from the forced draft fan 9. Exhaust heat generated by combustion is guided to an exhaust heat recovery device (not shown) through the flue 10, and is effectively used for power generation and the like. Also, the combustion exhaust gas is
A dust collector (not shown) provided in the flue 10 separates the ash and the exhaust gas and discharges them to the outside of the system. Further, the incombustibles in the incinerator 8 are discharged out of the system by the incombustibles discharging device 11.

In the dust supply device 3, the amount of dust put into the incinerator 8 is adjusted so that stable and good combustion can be obtained, and the high temperature combustion gas in the incinerator 8 is fed to the hopper section 4 side. In order to prevent the dust in the hopper 4 from burning and burning in the hopper section 4, a certain pressure is applied to the dust to prevent the outflow of combustion gas by realizing a so-called dust seal (material seal), and the dust is appropriately consolidated. The function of doing is required. Therefore, a dust seal portion 12 having a small diameter is provided inside the dust discharge port 6 of the dust supply device 3.

[0004] By the way, depending on the nature of the dust supplied into the dust feeder 3, the compacted state may become abnormally high, and if left unattended, the dust may fall into the incinerator 8 in a solidified state. When such a phenomenon occurs, the amount of waste put into the incinerator 8 suddenly becomes excessive and it becomes impossible to maintain a preferable combustion state, and harmful substances such as carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Is likely to occur.

In order to prevent such an inconvenience and maintain a normal combustion state, the dust-consolidated state of the dust seal portion 12 is accurately known, and the dust-supplying device 3 is installed so that an excessive compacted state does not occur. I need to drive. However, in the past, since a means for accurately detecting the compaction state of dust in the dust supply device 3 has not been developed, fluctuations in combustion exhaust gas components such as CO concentration and NOx concentration are provided in the flue gas duct 10. When the NOx concentration decreases and the CO concentration increases, which is continuously detected by the densitometers 13 and 14, it is determined that the dust supply amount is excessive, and the supply of combustion air by the forced draft fan 9 is increased. , On the contrary, NO
When the x concentration increases and the CO concentration decreases, it is determined that the dust supply amount is too small, and the supply of combustion air by the forced air blower 9 is reduced.

As another control method, fluctuations of combustion exhaust gas components such as CO concentration and NOx concentration are continuously detected by gas concentration meters 13 and 14 provided in the flue 10.
When it is determined that the waste supply amount is excessive, the rotation speed of the screw shaft 5 is decreased, and when it is determined that the waste supply amount is too small, the rotation speed of the screw shaft 5 is increased. It has been taken.

[0007]

However, since the timings of supplying dust, detecting gas concentration, and adjusting combustion air are deviated from each other, it is possible to effectively prevent generation of harmful components depending on the former control method. I can't. That is, for example, when dust falls off, the amount of air in the incinerator 8 becomes insufficient due to combustion, so control to increase the supply of combustion air from the forced draft fan 9 is necessary. Even if the speed is increased, the amount of air in the incinerator 8 does not immediately increase to the target value. Therefore, when the amount of air in the incinerator 8 actually reaches the target amount, it varies depending on the state of waste supply performed during that period. However, the amount of air in the incinerator 8 becomes excessive and NO
It is easy to cause inconvenience such as increase of x generation amount.

[0008] Further, in the present day when the types and properties of waste are diversified, it is difficult to always control the amount of waste supplied properly only by controlling the rotation speed of the screw. Cannot be effectively prevented. That is, based on the results of analysis of the components of the combustion exhaust gas, even if the rotation speed of the screw shaft 5 is reduced, for example, if the pressure density of the dust in the dust seal portion 12 is high, a large amount of dust is temporarily stored in the incinerator 8. Since the air is supplied, the shortage of the air amount in the incinerator 8 cannot be eliminated, and the disadvantage that the CO concentration rather increases tends to occur.

In order to eliminate such inconvenience, it is indispensable to develop means for accurately detecting the pressure density of dust. With this means, it is possible to supply an amount of dust commensurate with the amount of air in the incinerator 8 into the incinerator 8 at an appropriate timing, so that the inconvenience can be solved.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a refuse incineration facility which enables stable supply of refuse to an incinerator and can reduce or prevent generation of harmful substances. To provide.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is provided with a dust supply device and an incinerator, and the dust supply device communicates with a waste hopper, a waste discharge port, and the waste discharge port. In a refuse incineration facility comprising a main body provided with a dust seal part, and a screw shaft provided at the bottom of the hopper and pressure-feeding the waste received in the hopper to the discharge port side, the screw shaft or the main body is provided with A fluid supply device is provided which communicates with the dust seal portion, supplies a fluid to the dust seal portion through the fluid passage, and a dust pressure based on a change in back pressure of the fluid supplied to the fluid passage. A pressure density detection device for detecting the density is provided.

The resistance of the fluid passing through the compressed refuse changes according to the pressure density of the refuse. Therefore, the pressure density of the dust can be accurately detected by providing a fluid passage communicating with the dust seal portion on the screw shaft or the main body to pump the fluid and measuring the back pressure thereof. Also, if the pressure density of the dust can be accurately detected, it is possible to operate the dust supply device so that the dust will not be broken or clogged.
Since the blower can be operated so that the excess or deficiency of the air amount does not occur, it is possible to stably supply the waste to the incinerator and reduce or prevent the generation of harmful substances.

As a method of operating the dust supply device for preventing dust out or clogging, the screw shaft rotation speed control and torque control, the applied current control of the screw shaft drive electric motor, and the reverse feed screw shaft drive are performed. In addition to the start / stop control, a method of supplying high-pressure fluid to the dust seal portion through the fluid passage and crushing dust having a high pressure density by the action of the fluid can be used. For example, when the fluid is air or a gas such as an inert gas, the pressure can disintegrate the dust, and when the fluid is a liquid such as water or sewage, the liquid permeates into the space between the dust. Since the fluidity of the waste can be increased, the waste can be crushed.

On the other hand, as an appropriate operating method of the incinerator by controlling the air flow rate to the incinerator, an operating method of controlling the secondary air amount for combustion can be adopted.

Further, although the above-mentioned control can be carried out based only on the detection data of the pressure density detection device, the data from the camera for photographing the inside of the incinerator,
By combining data from a torque measuring device that detects the torque value acting on the screw shaft and data from an ammeter that measures the current value applied to the screw shaft drive motor, more precise control becomes possible. Become.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

<First Embodiment Example> A first example of the refuse incineration facility according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a dust supply apparatus applied to the refuse incineration facility of this example, and FIG. 2 is FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are graphs showing the relationship between the back pressure of the fluid supplied to the fluid passage and the pressure density of dust. .

In these figures, 21 is a drive sprocket attached to the end of the screw shaft 5, 22 is a screw shaft drive electric motor, and 23 is between the output shaft of the screw shaft drive electric motor 22 and the drive sprocket 21. A wound chain, 24 is a fluid passage opened in the screw shaft 5, 25 is a pressure density detection pipe connected to one end of the fluid passage 24, and 26 is a pressure release pipe connected to one end of the fluid passage 24. , 27 is a pressure gauge provided in the pressure density detection pipe 25, 28 is a check valve provided in the pressure density detection pipe 25, 29 is a solenoid valve provided in the consolidation release pipe 26,
Reference numeral 30 denotes a check valve provided in the pressure release pipe 26, and 31 denotes a control unit that opens and closes the solenoid valve 29 when the detected value of the pressure gauge 27 reaches a predetermined value. The same reference numerals are displayed in the portions corresponding to FIG.

As is apparent from FIG. 2, in the dust feeder of the present example, two screw shafts 5 are arranged in the left-right direction so as to be adjacent to each other, and the screw shafts 5 are respectively rotated in the reverse direction to pump dust. ing. An axially extending fluid passage 24 is formed in each screw shaft 5, and a portion of the screw shaft 5 corresponding to the dust seal portion 12 penetrates the peripheral surface of the screw shaft 5 as shown in FIG. The small holes 24a are opened radially.

On the other hand, to the other end of the fluid passage 24, a pressure density detecting pipe 25 and a consolidation releasing pipe 26 as a fluid supply device are connected. A relatively low-pressure fluid is supplied to the pressure density detection pipe 25, and a relatively high-pressure fluid is supplied to the consolidation release pipe 26. The pressure gauge 27 and the control unit 31 provided on the pressure density detection pipe 25 are the dust seal unit 1.
2 functions as a dust pressure density detection device, and as shown in FIG. 4, when the back pressure P of the fluid supplied to the fluid passage 24 becomes higher than that in normal operation, the dust in the dust seal portion 12 Is determined to be a consolidated state, and the back pressure P of the fluid supplied to the fluid passage 24 is determined as shown in FIG.
When is lower than that during normal operation, it is determined that the dust in the dust seal portion 12 is in the dust-out state.

The waste incineration equipment of this example has a waste seal portion 12
When the pressure density of the dust seal becomes higher than a predetermined value, the control unit 31 opens the solenoid valve 29 to supply the high pressure fluid to the fluid passage 24 from the pressure release pipe 26, and the dust seal unit 1
Crush 2 garbage. When the fluid is air or a gas such as an inert gas, the pressure causes the dust to be crushed, and when the fluid is a liquid such as water or sewage, the fluid permeation enhances the fluidity between the dust, Garbage is crushed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the waste seal portion 12 from being cut off or clogged with waste, and to stabilize the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 8. Therefore, it is possible to reduce or prevent the generation of harmful substances.

In addition to crushing dust with a fluid,
Depending on the pressure density of the dust detected by the pressure gauge 27,
It is also possible to change the operating conditions of the dust supply device 3 and change the air supply amount to the incinerator 8. The specific driving method has been described above in the section of means for solving the problem, and thus the description thereof will be omitted to avoid duplication.

<Second Embodiment> A second example of the refuse incinerator according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a dust supply apparatus applied to the refuse incineration facility of this example.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 41 denotes the main body of the dust feeding device, and the other portions corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. As is clear from this figure, the waste incineration equipment of this example has the waste seal portion 1 of the main body 41.
2, a fluid passage 24 is opened in a portion corresponding to 2, and a pressure density detecting pipe 25 provided with a pressure gauge 27 and a check valve 28 in the fluid passage 24, and a consolidation release provided with a solenoid valve 29 and a check valve 30. It is characterized in that the piping 26 for connection is connected to directly supply the fluid to the dust seal portion 12.

The configuration, operation and technical effects of the other parts are the same as those of the refuse incineration facility according to the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

<Third Embodiment> A third example of the refuse incineration facility according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a dust supply apparatus applied to the refuse incineration facility of this example.

In FIG. 7, 51 is a reverse-feeding screw, 5
Reference numeral 2 designates a driving device for the reverse-feeding screw, and other parts corresponding to those in FIG. As is clear from this figure, in the waste incineration facility of this example, the pressure density of the dust seal portion 12 is higher than a predetermined value in place of the structure that crushes the dust clogging the dust seal portion 12 with a fluid. When the temperature rises, a signal is issued from the control unit 31 to activate the driving device 52, and the reverse screw 51 is used to crush the clogged dust.

The configuration, operation, and technical effect of the other parts are the same as those of the refuse incinerator according to the first embodiment, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.

In each of the above embodiments, only the data relating to the pressure density of the dust seal portion 12 detected by the pressure gauge 27 is used to change the operating conditions of the dust feeder 3 or the blowing conditions to the incinerator 8. However, in addition to the data, data from a camera (industrial television; ITV) that captures the inside of the incinerator, data from a torque measuring device that detects a torque value acting on the screw shaft 5, By combining the data from the ammeter that measures the current value applied to the screw shaft driving motor 22,
More precise control becomes possible.

FIG. 8 shows the relationship between each data and the compaction density of dust. As is clear from this figure, the back pressure of the fluid supplied to the fluid passage 24 is high, there is no dust flow monitored by the ITV, the torque value acting on the screw shaft 5 is high, and the screw shaft driving electric motor 22 When the value of the current applied to is high, it can be determined that the dust inside the dust seal portion 12 is in a consolidated state. On the contrary, the back pressure of the fluid supplied to the fluid passage 24 is low, there is no dust flow monitored by ITV, the torque value acting on the screw shaft 5 is low, and the current applied to the screw shaft driving electric motor 22 is low. When the value is low, it can be determined that the inside of the dust seal portion 12 is out of dust. Of course, it is not always necessary to use all of the data other than the data detected by the pressure gauge 27, and by using at least one of the various data described above, it is possible to perform control with higher accuracy. .

<Fourth Embodiment> A fourth example of the refuse incineration facility according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the refuse incineration facility of this example.

In FIG. 9, 61 is an ITV, 62 is a secondary air conditioning device for combustion, 63 is a secondary air pipe for combustion, and 64 is a secondary air pipe.
Indicates a secondary air control valve for combustion, and the other parts corresponding to those in FIG. 10 have the same reference numerals.
As is clear from this figure, the waste incineration facility of this example inputs the data captured by the ITV, the detection data of the torque measuring device and the detection data of the ammeter to the secondary air conditioning device 62 for combustion. Thus, the opening degree of the secondary air control valve 64 for combustion is adjusted.

The waste incineration facility of this example is based on the fact that the operating condition of the dust collector 3 or the condition of blowing air to the incinerator 8 is changed based on the data on the pressure density of the dust seal portion 12 detected by the pressure gauge 27. Therefore, the opening degree of the secondary air control valve 64 for combustion is adjusted based on the data captured by the ITV, the detection data of the torque measuring device, and the detection data of the ammeter. Will be possible.

[0033]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the screw shaft or the main body is provided with a fluid passage communicating with the dust seal portion to pump the fluid and measure the back pressure of the fluid, the pressure density of dust in the dust seal portion can be accurately detected. . Therefore, it is possible to operate the dust supply device so that the dust seal part does not become debrised or clogged, or it is possible to operate the blower so that the excess or deficiency of the air amount does not occur. A stable supply of waste is possible, and the generation of harmful substances can be reduced or prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a dust supply apparatus applied to a refuse incineration facility according to a first embodiment example.

FIG. 2 is a view as viewed in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the back pressure of the fluid supplied to the fluid passage and the pressure density of dust.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the back pressure of the fluid supplied to the fluid passage and the pressure density of dust.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a dust supply apparatus applied to the refuse incineration facility according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a dust supply apparatus applied to the refuse incineration facility according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a relationship between detection data and dust compaction density.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a refuse incineration facility according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a refuse incineration facility according to a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Dust supply device 4 Hopper part 5 Screw shaft 6 Discharge port 7 Discharge chute 8 Incinerator 9 Push blower 12 Waste seal part 13,14 Gas concentration meter 21 Drive sprocket 23 Chain 22 Screw shaft drive electric motor 24 Fluid passage 25 Pressure density detection Piping 26 Pipe for pressure release 27 Pressure gauge 29 Solenoid valve 31 Control unit 41 Main body of dust feeder 51 Reverse feed screw 52 Reverse feed screw drive device 61 ITV 62 Secondary air conditioning device for combustion 63 Secondary air pipe for combustion 64 Secondary air control valve for combustion

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A body provided with a duster and an incinerator, the duster having a main body provided with a dust hopper, a dust discharge port, and a dust seal portion communicating with the dust discharge port, and a bottom portion of the hopper. In a refuse incineration facility provided with a screw shaft for pumping the dust received in the hopper to the discharge port side, a fluid passage communicating with the dust seal portion is provided in the screw shaft or the main body, and the fluid passage is provided. A fluid supply device for supplying a fluid to the dust seal portion via a pressure density detection device for detecting the pressure density of the dust based on a change in the back pressure of the fluid supplied to the fluid passage, Waste garbage incineration facility. 2. The garbage incineration facility according to claim 1, which is applied to a camera for photographing the state inside the incinerator, a torque measuring device for detecting a torque value acting on the screw shaft, and a screw shaft driving electric motor. Waste incineration facility, which is equipped with at least one of ammeters for measuring current values. 3. The refuse incineration facility according to claim 1, wherein the pressure density of dust in the dust seal portion is automatically adjusted based on data including at least the detection data of the pressure density detection device. Waste incineration facility characterized by doing so. 4. The refuse incineration facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amount of combustion air supplied to the incinerator is adjusted based on data including at least the detection data of the pressure density detection device. Garbage incineration facility characterized by being done automatically. 5. The refuse incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fluid is a gas such as air or an inert gas, or a liquid such as water or sewage.