JPH05256425A - Double-axis crusher and crushed dusts feeding facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve a crushing performance and to enable some materials not to be suitable for crushing operation to be discharged out of a crushing machine by a method wherein a large diameter main cutter and a small sub-cutter are arranged below a combustion item dropping passage in a double-axis crushing machine for the burned item to be supplied to an industrial waste material igniting fluidized bed type furnace in such a manner that the cutters may be rotated in a normal direction and a reverse direction, the burned items are held and crushed during their normal rotations and then discharged. CONSTITUTION:Burned item A of a supplying hopper 1 is supplied to a dropping passage 13 with a pushing surface 7a by reciprocating a bottom plate 6 under an operation of a cylinder device 8. At this time, non-suitable item discharging damper 35 is inclined toward a central direction of a sub-cutter 18 and then a discharging space S is closed. The cutters 17 and 18 are rotated in their normal directions to hold the burned item A dropped from the dropping passage 13 and then discharged into a discharging hopper 30. Then, as the non-suitable items are supplied, the cutters 17 and 18 are stopped and at the same time their normal rotations and reverse rotations are repeated several times. Even if they are rotated and the items may not be crushed, the non-suitable item discharging damper 35 is oscillated, the discharging space S is released to open, the cutters 17 and 18 are rotated in a reverse direction so as to discharge the items into the space S. With such an arrangement, it is possible to prevent a bridge from being generated at the side of the shoot 32 and to protect the crushing machine 15.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a twin-screw crusher and a crushing / dusting facility used as a device for supplying various incinerators to a fluidized bed furnace for incinerating municipal solid waste and industrial waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a fluidized bed incinerator, it is necessary to crush the incinerator to an optimum size (smaller size, uniform particle size, etc.) and to supply it to the incinerator in a fixed amount. As a conventional method, a dust feeder and a crusher are required. The dust feeder and the crusher are arranged separately according to their purpose, and the main method is to connect them with a conveyor. There is also a device that combines a duster and a coarse crusher. Further, as seen, for example, in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 53-47932, a grid is arranged outside the rotor having a hammer, and the raw material from the raw material inlet is impact-crushed by the hammer and the grid, and cannot be crushed. There is also provided a device for discharging foreign matter from the movable damper part.

[0003]

According to the conventional type in which the above-mentioned dust feeder and crusher are connected by a conveyor, the dust hopper and the crusher have many vertical swings and a large installation space is required. In addition to the system becoming complicated and large, there was a problem in pollution and hygiene due to dust spills and offensive odors at each connection. In addition, according to the conventional type that combines a duster and a coarse crusher, the quantitative supply by pushing with a pusher is unstable, and because the rotor of the crusher has a single axis, sufficient crushability cannot be obtained and large lumps are formed. If it enters the furnace or falls off, the control does not follow, especially in a fast-burning fluidized furnace, which hinders combustion instability and fluidization, increasing the amount of unburned fuel and the generation of pollutants. there were. Further, even in the case of the conventional type in which the rotor and the grid are combined, sufficient crushability cannot be obtained because the rotor has one axis.

The object of the present invention is to obtain a sufficient crushability, to discharge unsuitable substances which cannot be crushed out of the system, and to make the whole compact in size, and a twin-screw crusher and crushing dusting equipment. Is in the point of providing.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the twin-shaft crusher of the first invention of the present invention has a large-diameter main cutter and a small-diameter sub-cutter, which can be rotated in the forward and reverse directions below the incinerator drop path. These cutters are arranged so as to crush and crush the incineration material from the dropping path and then discharge it downward during normal rotation.

The crushing and dusting equipment according to the second aspect of the present invention is formed on the supply hopper of the incineration product, the pusher device laterally opposed to the outlet of the supply hopper, and the outside of the pushing end by the pusher device. And a biaxial shredder disposed below the drop path, and an incinerator discharge hopper facing below the biaxial shredder. The biaxial shredder comprises: A large-diameter main cutter and a small-diameter sub-cutter are installed side by side so that they can rotate in the forward and reverse directions.These cutters are configured to crush and crush the incinerated material from the drop path and then discharge it downward during normal rotation. An unsuitable material discharge path is formed adjacent to the hopper and facing the lower outer side of the sub cutter, and an unsuitable material discharge damper is disposed facing the upper outer side of the sub cutter.

[0007]

According to the structure of the first aspect of the present invention, the incineration material from the dropping path reaches between the cutters. Here, both cutters are rotating in the normal direction, and the incinerated matter is crushed under pressure, and the crushed matter and the like contained in this incinerated matter are reduced to the optimum size and dropped downward. Therefore, the incineration is
Since it has been optimized to the optimum size, it can be supplied to the incinerator without being clogged, and the amount can be made uniform to stabilize combustion.

When the object to be crushed is caught between the cutters and does not move during the crushing operation, the normal and reverse rotations of both cutters are repeated a plurality of times. As a result, when the crushed object can be crushed, the desired forward rotation is continued.
If the crushing cannot be performed because it is an unsuitable material, both cutters are rotated in the reverse direction based on the detection of the torque of both cutters. Then, since the sub-cutter has a small diameter, unsuitable materials can be discharged beyond the sub-cutter and discharged to the outside of the system, thereby preventing the occurrence of bridging on the discharge route side to the incinerator, and further protecting both cutters. You can

According to the structure of the second aspect of the present invention, the lower layer located below the outlet of the incinerated material thrown into the supply hopper is quantitatively supplied to the dropping path by the operation of the pusher device. When supplying a fixed amount with this pusher device, the amount pushed by using the cushion of the incinerated material is 2 at a time.
It is possible to prevent the incinerated material in the supply hopper from falling to the side of the biaxial crusher due to its own weight when it falls to the side of the axial crusher or when the pusher stops, and it is possible to constantly supply a fixed amount.

The incinerated material pushed out by the pusher device in this way falls along the drop path, and at this time, the inappropriate material discharge damper is closed, whereby the incinerated material falling through the drop path is removed by both cutters. It will lead in the meantime. The incinerator that has been reduced to the optimum size by both cutters,
A fixed amount is supplied (dropped) to the discharge hopper. At this time, pinching and crushing is because the incinerated material is always supplied in a fixed amount,
The load on both cutters is averaged to achieve good crushability. Then, the incinerated matter is supplied to the incinerator. And if the unsuitable material cannot be crushed, the unsuitable material discharge damper is opened based on the detection of the torque of both cutters, and at the same time,
Both cutters are rotated in the reverse direction, overcoming the sub-cutter and moving unsuitable materials to the unsuitable material discharging path, and dropping and discharging.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. The crushing and dusting equipment has a supply hopper (cushion hopper) 1 at the top, and an incinerator (including a crushable material) A is put into the supply hopper 1 by, for example, a crane device. The outlet part 2 integrated with the lower part of the supply hopper 1 has its tip (lower end) 2A inclined toward one side, and its tip inclination angle Θ ₁ is 55-.
It is set at 60 degrees.

A pusher device 5 is disposed below the outlet portion 2 so as to face it from the other side. This pusher device 5
Is composed of a bottom plate 6 also serving as a cover frame, a pusher 7 slidable on the bottom plate 6, a cylinder device (actuating device) 8 for sliding the pusher 7 back and forth, a cover frame 9, and the like. Here, the bottom plate 6 is inclined with the bottom plate inclination angle Θ ₂ of 5 to 10 degrees so that the inclination direction side (one side side) of the tip portion 2A is lower.

The supply hopper 1 and the bottom plate 6 are supported by the machine frame 10, and at that time, the cylinder device 8 which is interlocked with the outer end of the pusher 7 is also supported by the machine frame 10. Here, the stroke of the cylinder device 8 is such that the pushing surface 7a formed at the inner end of the pusher 7 reciprocates between the lower position of the other side portion of the tip portion 2A and the lower position of the one side portion. Is set to. When the pusher 7 is moved to the lower position of the one side portion with the bottom plate 6 facing the lower entire length of the tip portion 2A, the pushing surface 7a is located at a position about half the length of the receiving action surface of the bottom plate 6. Is positioned so that the pushing surface 7a does not extend forward of the bottom plate 6.

The television seat 11 is opposed to the one-way (lateral) exit formed by the tip 2A and the bottom plate 6.
The cover frame 12 having the above is arranged, and the lower part of the cover frame 12 is opened to form a drop path 13. Here, when the lower end width of the supply hopper 1 is W, the stroke of the pusher 7 is roughly 1 W, the height of the outlet formed by the tip 2A and the bottom plate 6 is 1 W, and the width of the fall path 13 is 1 W. .

A biaxial crusher 15 is arranged below the drop path 13. That is, the upper portion of the twin-shaft crusher 15 is the fall path 13
The main body is composed of a cover frame 16 which is communicated with and whose lower part is open, and a large-diameter main cutter 17 and a small-diameter sub-cutter 18 are arranged side by side in the cover frame 16. These cutters 17 and 18 are of a rotor type, and have lateral drive shafts 19 and 20 rotatably supported on the cover frame 16 side through a bearing device, and a drum externally fitted and fixed to the drive shafts 19 and 20. 21 and 22 and a large number of crushing blades 23 and 24 projecting from the outer periphery of the drums 21 and 22, and the crushing blades 23 and 24 are arranged side by side so as to overlap each other.

Here, the diameter d of the sub-cutter 18 is set to 2/3 to 1/2 with respect to the diameter D of the main cutter 17, and the lateral axes 19 and 20 thereof are set at the same level so that they are located above the sub-cutter 18. A discharge space S for the inappropriate material is formed. The diameter D of the main cutter 17 is approximately equal to the lower end width W of the supply hopper 1 described above. And both cutters 17, 18
Is the direction in which the incinerated material A from the fall path 13 is pinched and crushed,
That is, the direction of the solid line arrow is forward rotation, and it is interlocked with a drive device (not shown) to rotate forward and backward. Further, the rotation speed of the sub-cutter 18 is 1.5 to 3 with respect to the rotation speed of the main cutter 17. It's twice as fast.

In order to scrape off the incinerated material A entangled with the crushing blades 23 and 24 of both cutters 17 and 18, these cutters 1
Scrapers (claws) 25, 26 that wrap around the crushing blades 23, 24 are provided facing the lower side of the 7, 18.

A discharge hopper 30 for the incinerated material A is provided so as to face all of the main cutter 17 and almost half of the inside of the sub cutter 18 from below, and the discharge hopper 30 is provided.
The lower end of is connected to the chute 32 via a seal damper 31. An unsuitable substance discharge path 33 is formed by a cylindrical body 34 at a position adjacent to the discharge hopper 30 and facing the lower outer portion of the sub cutter 18 from below. Further, in the cover frame 16 and in the portion of the discharge space S, swinging is performed between a position where the discharge space S is closed close to the outer upper part of the sub cutter 18 and a position where the discharge space S is opened. An unsuitable object discharge damper 35 is arranged.

The crushing and dusting operation of the incinerated material A having the above-mentioned structure will be described below. The lower layer located at the front end portion 2A of the incinerated material A that is put into the supply hopper 1 is received by the bottom plate 6. Then, by operating the cylinder device 8 to reciprocate the pusher 7 on the bottom plate 6, the lower incineration material A is pushed out through the pushing surface 7a and is supplied to the dropping path 13 in a fixed amount. Since the bottom plate 6 is tilted at the bottom plate tilt angle Θ ₂ of 5 to 10 degrees as described above when the incineration material A is extruded and supplied in this manner,
It is possible to prevent dust and dirty water from flowing back to the cylinder device 8 side and clogging the gap of the casing such as the cover frame.

Further, the pusher 7 does not push to the entire length of the bottom plate 6, but leaves about half the stroke length at the tip, and the tip portion 2A of the supply hopper 1 further has the side wall inclination angle as described above. By making Θ ₁ 55 to 60 degrees and inclining toward the biaxial shredder 15, the incinerated material A can easily enter the falling path 13 without being choked, and when further pushed by the pusher 7, the incinerated material can be The amount pushed by using the cushion of A falls to the side of the biaxial shredder 15 at one time, or when the pusher 7 stops, the incinerated material A in the supply hopper 1 falls to the side of the biaxial shredder 15 by its own weight. Can be prevented,
It can always be metered.

The incinerated material A extruded by the pusher 7 as described above falls through the falling path 13 and the two cutters
Reach between 17 and 18. At this time, the inappropriate material discharge damper 35 is inclined by 50 to 60 degrees toward the center of the sub-cutter 18 as shown by the solid line, thereby closing the discharge space S and incinerating material that has fallen down the fall path 13. Guide A so that it bites well between the cutters 17 and 18.

Here, both cutters 17 and 18 are rotating in the forward direction as shown by solid line arrows, and therefore the incinerated material A is subjected to the action of crushing by clamping by both cutters 17 and 18, and is included in this incinerated material A. The crushed material is reduced to the optimum size and is supplied (falls) in a fixed amount to the discharge hopper 30. At this time, the crushing by pinching is performed with good crushability by averaging the loads of the cutters 17 and 18 because the incinerated material A is constantly supplied in a fixed amount as described above. Then, the incinerator A is supplied to the incinerator through the chute 32 by the opening operation of the seal damper 31. At that time, since the incinerator A is reduced in size to the optimum size, the amount can be supplied to the incinerator in a uniform amount without being clogged in the chute 32 and the like, and combustion can be stabilized.

When the object to be crushed is caught between the cutters 17 and 18 and does not move during the crushing operation of the pinching pressure, the cutters 17 and 18 are rotated forward and backward two to three times (a plurality of times). Repeat) As a result, when the crushed object can be crushed, the desired forward rotation is continued. Further, when the inappropriate object cannot be crushed, the inappropriate object discharge damper 35 is swung as shown by the phantom line based on the detection of the torque of the cutters 17 and 18 to open the discharge space S and at the same time.
Reversely rotate both cutters 17 and 18 several times as indicated by the dotted arrows. Then, since the sub cutter 18 has a small diameter and a high speed, the unsuitable object is moved over the sub cutter 18 to the discharge space S side and is dropped through the unsuitable object discharge path 33 to be discharged. As a result, unsuitable substances can be discharged to the outside of the system, for example, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of bridging on the chute 32 side, and further protect the biaxial crusher 15.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the pushing surface 7a of the pusher 7 may be a flat surface. However, when the pushing surface 7a is an inclined surface having a convex center in a plan view, the extruded incinerated material A spreads in the width direction and is more uniformly supplied. It can be suitably performed. When an unsuitable object comes in, the sub cutter 18 may be slid together with the drive shaft 20 so that the unsuitable object is taken out of the system.

[0025]

According to the first aspect of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, the incinerated material can be crushed by a pair of cutters while being crushed by pressing to reduce the size to an optimum size, so that the crushability can be improved. Therefore, the incinerated matter can be supplied to the incinerator without being clogged and the amount can be made uniform, combustion can be stabilized, control can be easily performed, and generation of CO, CH, and DXN can be suppressed.

During the crushing operation of crushing, when an improper object that cannot be crushed is caught between both cutters and does not move, by rotating both cutters in reverse based on the detection of the torque of both cutters, The small-diameter sub-cutter can be passed over and the gas can be quickly discharged to the outside of the system, whereby bridging can be prevented from occurring on the discharge path side to the incinerator, and both cutters and the furnace body can be protected.

Further, according to the structure of the second aspect of the present invention, the lower layer of the incineration material located below the outlet of the supply hopper can be supplied to the dropping path by the operation of the pusher device while utilizing the cushion of the incineration material itself, The amount pushed by the pusher device falls to the side of the twin-shaft crusher at one time, and the incinerated material in the supply hopper is reduced by its own weight when the pusher is stopped.
It can be prevented from falling to the shaft crusher side. And, by quantitative supply, the crushing by both cutters can be performed with good crushability by averaging the load on both cutters. Therefore, the incinerator can be supplied to the incinerator with uniform size and quantity, and stable combustion. Can be planned.

Further, a duster by a pusher device, 2
By integrally combining the shaft crusher and the unsuitable object discharging device, it is possible to prevent dust from dropping at the connection part and the like, improve the sealing property, and provide a clean, non-polluting and odor-free product. In addition, the material can be sealed by a rational combination of the supply hopper and the pusher device, and it is possible to prevent unnecessary air leakage into the furnace.
Furthermore, the system can be made compact, the installation space can be reduced, and the arrangement of the devices becomes easy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a crushing and dusting equipment showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Supply hopper 2 Outlet 2A Tip 5 Pusher device 6 Bottom plate 7 Pusher 13 Drop path 15 Two-axis shredder 17 Main cutter 18 Sub-cutter 23,24 Shredding blade 30 Discharge hopper 33 Improper discharge path 35 Improper discharge damper A Incineration Objects (including crushed objects) D Main cutter diameter d Sub cutter diameter

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shigeru Matsumori 5-3-28 Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A large-diameter main cutter and a small-diameter sub-cutter are installed in parallel below the incinerator fall path so as to rotate forward and backward, and these cutters pinch the incinerator from the drop path during forward rotation. A biaxial crusher characterized by being configured to be crushed and then discharged downward. 2. A supply hopper for an incineration product, a pusher device laterally opposed to an outlet portion of the supply hopper, an incineration product dropping path formed outside an extruding end by the pusher device, and a dropping path for the incineration product. And a discharge hopper facing the lower side of the two-axis crusher, and the two-axis crusher includes a main cutter with a large diameter and a sub-cutter with a small diameter. Are arranged side by side so that they can rotate in the forward and reverse directions, and these cutters are configured to crush and crush the incinerated material from the drop path and then discharge downward when the normal rotation is performed. A crushing and dusting facility, characterized in that an unsuitable substance discharge path is formed so as to face each other, and an unsuitable substance discharge damper is provided so as to face the outside upper part of the sub cutter.