JPH09240557A - Brake device for handlebar vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce cost so that stable braking force can be sufficiently exhibited while holding the body attitude as well as possible even when a brake of a motorcycle or a bicycle provided with a motor is suddenly and excessively operated. SOLUTION: A front wheel brake 4 and a rear wheel brake 5 are interlocked with each other and operated by liquid pressure by the operation of a first brake operating element 2. The rear wheel brake 5 is operated by the operation of a second brake operating element 6. A mechanical drum brake to be operated by towing of a wire cable 23 is used for the rear wheel brake 5. A cable actuator 29 is interposed between the wire cable 23 and a liquid pressure pipe 28. The wire cable 23 is connected to a piston 32 of the cable actuator 29. When both brake operating elements 2, 6 are operated, one or a plurality of the input and output ratio of the cable actuator 29, the lever ratio of a brake arm 22, the effective diameter of the brake drum, and the coefficient of friction of the brake drum and linings 18a, 18a are so adjusted that locking of the rear wheel may have priority over locking of the front wheel.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bar-handle vehicle having front and rear wheels such as a motorcycle and a bicycle with a prime mover, both front and rear wheel brakes being operated by a first brake operator. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bar handle vehicle brake device including a hydraulically operated interlocking brake.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a brake of a bar handle vehicle such as a motorcycle, a front brake and a rear brake are individually braked by a dedicated brake lever or a brake operator such as a brake pedal. As a basic configuration, the simultaneous operation of these two brake operators is a promise to use the set braking force effectively and to stop quickly at the shortest distance.
The bar-handled vehicle is a 50cc soft bike that does not require hands-on training, or a motorized bicycle such as a scooter,
If the rider is a beginner or an elderly person who is unfamiliar with driving,
There is a tendency to use only one of the front and rear wheel brakes, perhaps because the small-displacement bar-handled vehicle is only considered as an extension line of the bicycle.In particular, when only the front wheel brakes are used, the front wheels have a braking limit. When locked over, it makes it difficult to steer the front wheels, so only the rear wheel brakes are used,
The braking distance will be greatly extended.

Therefore, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4-143154
JP-B-62-26952 and JP-B-62-26952 disclose interlocking brakes that actuate both front and rear wheel brakes by one brake operator and one of the front and rear wheels by the other brake operator. It has been proposed to combine a single brake that operates.

Among them, the former technique is such that the front wheel brake and the rear wheel brake are hydraulic type, respectively, the hydraulic master cylinder of the first brake operator is connected to the front wheel brake, and the hydraulic pressure of the second brake operator is connected. In front of the master cylinder
A pressure control valve is connected to the hydraulic pipe for the rear wheel brake that is connected to both the rear wheel brakes and connects the hydraulic master cylinder of the second brake operator and the rear wheel brake. A proportional valve that reduces the rate of increase of the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic master cylinder of the second brake operator, a cut valve that keeps the hydraulic pressure constant, and a pressure reducing valve that reduces the hydraulic pressure are provided. The pressure control valve is configured to sequentially operate the proportional valve, the cut valve, and the pressure reducing valve in response to an increase in the supplied liquid pressure.

In the latter technique, the front wheel brake and the rear wheel brake are hydraulically operated, respectively, and the hydraulic pipe connected to the hydraulic master cylinder of the first brake operator is branched by a pressure reducing valve so that the front and rear wheel brakes are connected. In addition to connecting to both brakes, connect the second brake operator and the rear wheel brake with a wire,
The pressure reducing valve is configured to reduce the hydraulic pressure to the rear wheel brakes when the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic master cylinder to the hydraulic pipes rises above a predetermined value.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the braking characteristics of a bar-handle vehicle. The horizontal axis represents the braking force of the front wheels and the vertical axis represents the braking force of the rear wheels. Line A represents the braking characteristics of the front / rear wheel interlocking brakes. Further, the line C shows the braking characteristics of the rear wheel independent brake. Ideally, the braking limits of traveling vehicles, including bar-handled vehicles, should be set so that all wheels are locked simultaneously.
The above line A shows an ideal distribution curve in which the simultaneous locking of the front and rear wheels by the interlocking brake of the bar-handle vehicle changes as the operating force of the brake operator increases, and the lower side of the line A is The front wheel lock area is prioritized over the front wheel lock area, and the upper side of the line A is the rear wheel lock area over which the rear wheel lock area is prioritized over the front wheel.

From such a background, the actual braking characteristics of the front and rear wheels using the interlocking brake of the bar-handle vehicle are ABS (anti-lock brake system) in the interlocking brake.
By combining hydraulic pressure control devices such as the above, and finely controlling the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic master cylinder and supplying it to the front and rear wheel brakes, the actual braking characteristics of the front and rear wheels by the interlocking brake can be calculated. If it is set as close as possible to the ideal distribution curve of A, or if the hydraulic pressure is not controlled by the hydraulic pressure control device, the actual braking limit by the interlocking brake is also the rear wheel lock with more excellent steering stability. Although it is set so as to fall within the range, both of the above techniques make it possible to approach the ideal distribution curve of the line A at a low cost without using a large-scale device like the hydraulic control device.

[0008]

However, in the former case, even if the actual braking characteristic of the interlocking brake is in the rear wheel lock region close to the ideal distribution curve, the independent brake used in combination with the interlocking brake is not effective. Since it is a front wheel brake, the braking characteristics of the front and rear wheel brakes may fall into the front wheel lock region when both the interlocking and the independent brakes are simultaneously operated by the two brake operators. On the other hand, in the latter case as well, the actual braking characteristic of the interlocking brake temporarily passes through the front wheel lock region, as indicated by the lines Y and W in FIG.

Further, in both cases, since hydraulic brakes are used for the front and rear wheel brakes, the cost is higher than that of mechanical brakes, and the applicable vehicle is a soft bike such as a scooter having a small wheel diameter. In this case, it has been extremely difficult to secure a space in the rear wheel to which the power transmission device, the transmission, etc. are attached and to install the hydraulic brake.
Further, in the former case, since the front wheel brake is operated independently as a separate brake, the hydraulic brake is separately operated from the interlocking brake, so that a dedicated hydraulic master cylinder is separately required, and further cost increase cannot be avoided.

The present invention has been made against the background of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a stable braking force while keeping the vehicle body posture as good as possible even in a sudden and excessive braking operation. (EN) It is an object to provide a bar handle vehicle brake device that can be sufficiently exerted at low cost.

[0011]

According to the above object, according to the present invention, a hydraulic pipe connected to a hydraulic master cylinder operated by a first brake operator is branched into a front wheel brake and a rear wheel brake. In the bar handle vehicle brake device, the front wheel brake and the rear wheel brake are interlocked by the operation of the first brake operator, and the rear wheel brake is operated by the operation of the second brake operator. The brake is a mechanical brake towed by a connecting means such as a wire cable or a rod, and a cable actuator is interposed between the connecting means and the hydraulic pipe for the rear wheel brake to connect the connecting means. It is connected to the piston inside the cable actuator, and the piston is operated by the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic master cylinder to the cable actuator to establish the connection. It is characterized in that the rear wheel lock is prioritized over the front wheel lock when one or both of the first brake operator and the second brake operator are operated while pulling the step. . As a means to prioritize the locking of the rear wheels, the input / output ratio of the cable actuator, the lever ratio of the brake arm of the rear wheel brake, the effective diameter of the brake drum of the rear wheel brake, and the friction coefficient of the rear wheel brake are set. There is.

As described above, when the interlocking brake and the independent brake are operated individually or simultaneously by the first and second brake operators, the rear wheel is prioritized over the front wheel. Even if a sudden and excessive brake operation is performed, compared to the case where the front wheel lock has priority,
The posture of the vehicle body during braking can be kept as good as possible, and stable braking force can be exerted. Also,
By installing a cable actuator in the rear wheel hydraulic brake system, it is possible to use a mechanical brake that is more compact and cheaper than the hydraulic brake for the rear wheel brake, and also for the small wheel of the rear wheel of the soft bike, It can be installed without changing the vehicle body structure.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG.
2 will be described with reference to FIG. Brake device for bar handle vehicles such as motorcycles and motorbikes 1
Is the interlocking brake that operates both the front wheel brake 4 and the rear wheel brake 5 by the hydraulic pressure generated in the hydraulic master cylinder 3 by the operation of the first brake operating element 2, and the rear wheel brake 5 is the second brake operating element. It consists of a combination with a single brake that operates mechanically by the operation of 6.

The first and second brake operating elements 2 and 6 include
Brake levers are used respectively, and the first brake operator 2 pivots its base end to a lever bracket 3a of the hydraulic master cylinder 3 fixed to the right side of the handlebar 7 and moves forward of the accelerator grip 8. Arranged, second
The brake operator 6 is also arranged in front of the fixed grip 10 with its base end pivotally supported by the lever holder 9 fixed to the left side of the handlebar 7.

The front wheel brake 4 includes a front fork 11
A disc rotor 13 rotatably supported in the direction of arrow R together with a front wheel (not shown) on a front axle 12 installed on the lower end of the front fork 11;
It comprises a caliper body 15 which is supported by a caliper bracket 14 across the disc rotor 13. Further, the rear wheel brake 5 is provided inside the rear wheel (not shown).
A mechanical drum brake in which the back plate 16 is fixedly attached to the rear end of the swing arm 17, and a pair of bow-shaped brake shoes 18,
The camshaft 18 and the anchor pin 20 are arranged so as to face each other. A brake drum connected to the rear wheels via a rear axle 21 is rotatably provided in the direction of arrow R between the brake shoes 18, 18 and the outer peripheral edge of the back plate 16, and the cam shaft 19 and the back plate 16 are connected to each other.
Two wire cables 23 and 24 are connected to the tip of the brake arm 22 projecting to the outside of the vehicle. One wire cable 23 is a cable actuator 2 to be described later.
9 and the other wire cable 24 is connected to the second brake operating element 6, respectively.

A hydraulic pipe 25 is connected to the hydraulic master cylinder 3, and the hydraulic pipe 25 is connected by a hydraulic control valve 26 to the hydraulic pipes 27, 2 for front and rear brakes.
It is branched into eight. Hydraulic piping 27 for front wheel brake
Is connected to the caliper body 15 of the front wheel brake 4,
Further, the above-mentioned cable actuator 29 is interposed between the hydraulic pipe 28 for the rear wheel brake and the one wire cable 23 as an operating force converting mechanism.

The hydraulic pressure control valve 26 is constructed by appropriately combining a P valve (proportional valve), a cut valve, and a pressure reducing valve, and the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic master cylinder 3 through the hydraulic pipe 25. Are supplied to the hydraulic pipes 27 and 28 after being reduced or kept constant by these valves according to the vehicle speed and the road surface condition.

In the cable actuator 29, the piston 32 is fluid-tightly inserted in the cylinder hole 31 of the cylinder body 30 to define a hydraulic chamber 33 on the outer periphery of the base end of the piston 32, and the tip end side of the piston 32 and the cylinder hole. A return spring 35 is contracted between the receiving plate 34 on the opening side and the piston 32 is constantly urged toward the bottom of the cylinder hole 31. At the base end of the piston 32, a small-diameter rod 32a penetrating the bottom wall 30a of the cylinder hole 31 is provided in a protruding manner, and at the outer end of the rod 32a, the one wire cable 2
3 are connected.

The braking device 1 thus constructed is
The front wheel brake 4 and the rear wheel brake 5 are interlocked with each other by the hydraulic pressure generated in the hydraulic master cylinder 3 by the grip operation of the first brake operator 2. A part of the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic master cylinder 3 to the hydraulic pipe 25 branches the hydraulic control valve 26 and enters the hydraulic pipe 27 for the front wheel brake,
The friction pad inside the caliper body 15 is brought into sliding contact with the disc rotor 13 to brake the front wheels.

Another part of the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic pipe 25 branches from the hydraulic pressure control valve 26 into the hydraulic pipe 28 for the rear wheel brake, and further the inlet port 30b of the actuator 29.
From the hydraulic pressure chamber 33 into the cylinder hole 3
1 in the direction of the opening to move the rod 32a into the cylinder hole 3
1 and pulls the wire cable 23 on the one side. The brake arm 22 of the rear wheel brake 5 rotates about the cam shaft 19 as a fulcrum by pulling the wire cable 23, and the rotation of the cam shaft 19 causes the brake shoe 1 to rotate.
8 and 18 expand with the anchor pin 20 as a fulcrum, and the linings 18a and 18a of the brake shoes 18 and 18 are brought into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum to brake the rear wheel.

On the other hand, in the independent brake using the second brake operating means 6, the other wire cable 24 directly connected to the second brake operating means 6 is pulled and the rear wheel brake 5
The brake arm 22 is rotated, the rear wheel brake 5 is operated in the same manner as the first brake operator 2, and the rear wheel is braked.

Further, the braking characteristics of the interlocking brake by the first brake operator 2 and the independent brake by the second brake operating means 6 are set to the line B and the line C in FIG. In the device 1, in order to set such a braking characteristic, the input / output ratio of the cable actuator 29, the lever ratio of the brake arm 22 of the rear wheel brake 5, the effective diameter of the brake drum of the rear wheel brake 5, and the like. Any one or more of the friction coefficients between the brake drum and the linings 18a, 18a are adjusted.

Line B showing the braking characteristics of the above-mentioned interlocking brake
Is a hydraulic pressure control valve 26 provided in the hydraulic brake system from the first brake operator 2, and is a P valve, a cut valve,
All of the line B is in the rear wheel lock region close to the ideal distribution curve of the line A, which is operated sequentially with the pressure reducing valve.
Further, the line C showing the braking characteristic of the independent brake is also dedicated to the rear wheel brake 5, so that all of it is in the rear wheel lock region. Incidentally, if the hydraulic pressure control valve 26 is omitted from the hydraulic brake system of the present embodiment, the braking characteristic of the interlocked brake becomes as shown by the line D.

As described above, since the braking characteristic of the interlocking brake and the braking characteristic lines B and C of the independent brake are all in the rear wheel lock region, both the first brake operator 2 and the second brake operating means 6 are operated. In this case, the combined braking characteristic line passes between the lines B and C in the rear wheel lock region, and even when the hydraulic control valve 26 is omitted, the combined braking characteristic line is in the rear wheel lock region. Since the vehicle runs between the lines C and D, the front wheels are locked earlier than the front wheels are locked.

In this embodiment, as described above, the input / output ratio of the cable actuator 29, the lever ratio of the brake arm 22 of the rear wheel brake 5, the effective diameter of the brake drum of the rear wheel brake 5, the brake drum and the lining are the same. 18
In the case where the interlocking brake and the independent brake are operated individually or simultaneously by the operation of the first brake operator 2 or the second brake operator 6 by adjusting one or more of the friction coefficients with a and 18a. , Rear wheel brake 5
Since the lock of the front wheel is set to have priority over the lock of the front wheel brake 4, even if the rider performs a sudden and excessive brake operation, the lock of the front wheel has priority over the lock.
The posture of the vehicle body during braking can be kept as good as possible, and stable braking force can be exerted.

Further, since the cable actuator 29 is provided in the hydraulic brake system for the rear wheel brakes and a mechanical drum brake having a low cost is applied to the rear wheel brakes 5, the manufacturing cost of the rear wheel brakes 5 is reduced. Since it is cheaper than a hydraulic brake, has a smaller diameter, and is compact, it can be easily arranged inside the rear wheel. Therefore, unlike the case where a hydraulic brake is used for the rear wheel brake, it is not necessary to set the space for arranging the disc rotor and the caliper body, and the engine, the power transmission mechanism, and the speed change mechanism are integrated on one side of the rear wheel. It has excellent versatility and economy because it can be installed on the small rear wheel of a small displacement bar handle vehicle such as a soft bike or scooter equipped with a power unit without changing the tires or the existing body structure. Becomes

Moreover, since the combination of the interlocking brake of this embodiment and the independent brake for the rear wheels can be applied to a bar handle vehicle having a small displacement such as a soft bike or a scooter, a rider unfamiliar with the driving operation Even, you will be able to easily stop in a short distance. Especially in this embodiment,
By using the hydraulic pressure control valve 26 in which the P valve, the cut valve, and the pressure reducing valve are appropriately combined in the hydraulic system of the interlocking brake by the first brake operator 2, the line B showing the braking characteristic of the interlocking brake is obtained. Since the curve is close to the ideal distribution curve, better braking can be performed.

In the above embodiment, the wire cable is used as the means for connecting the rear wheel brakes, but it is also possible to connect rods. Further, although the cable actuator is of the piston retracting type, the connecting means can be pulled even if the piston of the cable actuator is pushed out. Further, the hydraulic pressure control valve used in the embodiment may be omitted.

[0029]

As described above, the bar-handle vehicle brake device of the present invention is configured as described above, and therefore, even if the rider may perform a sudden and excessive braking operation, the front-wheel lock is prioritized. The posture of the vehicle body during braking can be kept as good as possible, and stable braking force can be exerted.

Further, since a cable actuator is provided in the hydraulic brake system for the rear wheel brake and a mechanical drum brake having a low cost is used for the rear wheel brake, the manufacturing cost of the rear wheel brake is lower than that of the hydraulic brake. Since it is cheaper, has a smaller diameter, and is compact, it can be easily arranged inside the rear wheel without securing a special arrangement space. Especially for small wheels such as soft bikes and scooters that have a power unit that integrates the engine, power transmission mechanism and speed change mechanism on one side of the rear wheel Since it can be installed without changing the structure, it has excellent versatility and economy. Moreover, since interlocking brakes and independent brakes for the rear wheels can be applied to small displacement bar handle vehicles such as soft bikes and scooters,
Even a rider unfamiliar with driving can easily stop in a short distance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a brake device for a bar handle vehicle showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing braking characteristics of a bar-handle vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Brake device 2 ... 1st brake operator for interlocking brake 3 ... Hydraulic master cylinder 4 ... Front wheel brake using hydraulic brake 5 ... Rear wheel brake using mechanical brake 6 ... Rear wheel brake 5 Second brake operator 6 13 for independent brake ... Disc rotor 15 ... Caliper body 16 ... Back plate 18 ... Brake shoe 18a ... Lining 22 ... Brake arm 23 ... Wire cable 24 ... Wire cable 25 as connecting means of the present invention , 27, 28 ... Hydraulic piping 26 ... Hydraulic control valve 29 ... Cable actuator 30 ... Cylinder body 31 of cable actuator 29 ... Cylinder hole 32 ... Piston 32a ... Rod 32 of piston 32 ... Hydraulic chamber A ... Ideal for interlocking brake Line showing distribution B ... by the first brake operator 2 Line C showing the braking characteristic of the dynamic brake: Line showing the braking characteristic of the independent brake by the second brake operator 6 D: The braking characteristic of the interlocking brake by the first brake operator 2 when the hydraulic control valve 26 is omitted Line R ... Rotation direction of disc rotor 13 and brake drum for rear wheel brake

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hydraulic pipe connected to a hydraulic master cylinder operated by a first brake operator is branched into a front wheel brake and a rear wheel brake, and the front wheel brake and the rear wheel brake are connected to the first brake. In a brake device for a bar handle vehicle which is interlocked by an operation of an operator and which operates the rear wheel brake by an operation of a second brake operator, the rear wheel brake is connected by a connecting means such as a wire cable or a rod. A mechanical brake that is towed, and a cable actuator is interposed between the connecting means and the hydraulic pipe for the rear wheel brake, and the connecting means is connected to a piston inside the cable actuator, and the hydraulic master The piston is operated by the hydraulic pressure supplied from the cylinder to the cable actuator to pull the connecting means, and A brake device for a bar handle vehicle, characterized in that when one or both of the second brake operating elements is operated, the locking of the rear wheels is set to have priority over the locking of the front wheels.