JP3517806B2 - Brake system for bar handle vehicles - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bar-handle vehicle having front and rear wheels, such as a motorcycle or a bicycle with a motor, and to both a front wheel brake and a rear wheel brake. The present invention relates to a bar-handle vehicle brake device provided with an interlocking brake which is hydraulically operated by operating a first brake operator. 2. Description of the Related Art In a brake of a bar-handle vehicle such as a motorcycle, each of a front wheel brake and a rear wheel brake is operated by a brake operator such as a dedicated brake lever or a brake pedal. The basic structure is a single brake, and operating these two brake operators at the same time is a promise to use the set braking force effectively and stop quickly at the shortest distance.
The bar handle vehicle is a 50cc soft bike or a motorbike such as a scooter that does not require hands-on training,
If you are a beginner or elderly rider who is unfamiliar with driving,
Perhaps because a small displacement bar handle vehicle is considered only as an extension of a bicycle, there is a tendency to use only one of the front and rear wheel brakes, especially when using only the front wheel brake, the front wheel has a braking limit. Locking beyond that makes it difficult to steer the front wheels, so only the rear wheel brakes are used,
The braking distance will be greatly extended. For this reason, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-143154
In Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-26952 and JP-B-62-26952, an interlocking brake that activates both front and rear wheels by one brake operator and one of the front and rear wheels is braked by the other brake operator. There has been proposed a configuration in which an operating independent brake is combined. In the former technique, the front wheel brake and the rear wheel brake are each of a hydraulic type, the hydraulic master cylinder of the first brake operator is connected to the front wheel brake, and the hydraulic pressure of the second brake operator is In front of master cylinder
A pressure control valve is interposed in a hydraulic pipe for a rear wheel brake, which is connected to the brakes of both rear wheels and connects a hydraulic master cylinder of a second brake operator and the rear wheel brake. Proportional valve for reducing the increase rate of the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic master cylinder of the second brake operating element, cut valve for keeping the hydraulic pressure constant, and a pressure reducing valve for reducing the hydraulic pressure are provided, The pressure control valve is configured to sequentially operate a pull-portional valve, a cut valve, and a pressure reducing valve in accordance with an increase in supplied hydraulic pressure. In the latter technique, the front wheel brake and the rear wheel brake are each of a hydraulic type, and a hydraulic pipe connected to the hydraulic master cylinder of the first brake operator is branched by a pressure reducing valve to form a front / rear wheel. While being connected to both brakes, the second brake operator and the rear wheel brake were connected by wire,
The pressure reducing valve is configured to reduce the hydraulic pressure to the rear wheel brake when the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic master cylinder to the hydraulic piping rises above a predetermined value. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the braking characteristics of a bar-handled vehicle. The horizontal axis represents the front wheel braking force, the vertical axis represents the rear wheel braking force, and line A represents the braking characteristic of the front / rear wheel interlocking brake. Line C shows the braking characteristics of the rear wheel independent brake. Ideally, the braking limit of traveling vehicles, including bar-handled vehicles, should be set so that all wheels lock simultaneously.
The line A indicates an ideal distribution curve in which the simultaneous locking of the front and rear wheels by the interlocking brake of the bar-handle vehicle changes with an increase in the operation force of the brake operating element. Similarly, the upper side of the line A is a rear wheel lock area in which the locking of the front wheels has priority over the front wheels in the front wheel lock area in which the locking of the front wheels has priority over the rear wheels. [0007] From such a background, the actual braking characteristics of the front and rear wheels using the interlocking brake of the bar-handled vehicle are based on ABS (anti-lock brake system).
Combining the hydraulic pressure control devices such as the above, and finely controlling the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic master cylinder and supplying it to the front and rear wheel brakes, the actual braking characteristics of the front and rear wheels with the interlocking brake If the hydraulic pressure is not controlled by the hydraulic pressure control device or the hydraulic pressure is not controlled by the hydraulic pressure control device, the actual braking limit by the interlocking brake will be the same as that of the rear wheel lock, which has better steering stability. Although they are set so as to fall within the range, both of the above techniques make it possible to approach the ideal distribution curve of the line A inexpensively without using a device as large as a hydraulic pressure control device. However, in the former case, even if the actual braking characteristic of the interlocking brake is in the rear wheel lock region close to the ideal distribution curve, the interlocking brake is used together. Since the independent brake is the front wheel brake, if both the interlocking and the independent brakes are simultaneously operated by two brake operators, the braking characteristics of the front and rear wheel brakes may enter the front wheel lock region. On the other hand, also in the latter case, the actual braking characteristic by the interlocking brake temporarily passes through the front wheel lock region as shown by the lines Y and W in FIG. Further, in each case, since hydraulic brakes are used for the front and rear wheel brakes, the cost is higher than that of the mechanical brakes, and the applicable vehicle is a soft motorcycle such as a scooter having a small wheel diameter. In such a case, it has been extremely difficult to secure a space in the rear wheel to which a power transmission device, a transmission, and the like are attached, and to attach the hydraulic brake.
Further, in the former case, since the front wheel brake is operated as a single brake and is hydraulically operated separately from the interlocking brake, a dedicated hydraulic master cylinder is required separately, so that further cost increase cannot be avoided. The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object thereof is to provide a stable braking force while maintaining the body posture as good as possible even in a sudden and excessive braking operation. It is an object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive bar-handle vehicle brake device that can be sufficiently used. [0011] In accordance with the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a hydraulic pipe connected to a hydraulic master cylinder operated by a first brake operating member, which is divided into a front wheel brake and a rear wheel brake. And a front-wheel brake and a rear-wheel brake interlocked by the operation of the first brake operator, and the rear-wheel brake is operated by an operation of the second brake operator. the rear wheel brake, a mechanical brake which is traction in communicating joint means, by interposing a cable actuator between a liquid pressure piping for該連joint means and the rear wheel brake cable actuator said cooperative means It is connected to an internal piston and operates the piston with the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic master cylinder to the cable actuator to pull the connecting means. In addition, when one or both of the first brake operator and the second brake operator are operated, the rear wheel lock is set to be prioritized to the front wheel lock. As a means to give priority to the locking of the rear wheel, setting the input / output ratio of the cable actuator, the lever ratio of the brake arm of the rear wheel brake, the effective diameter of the brake drum of the rear wheel brake, and the friction coefficient of the rear wheel brake There is. As described above, when the interlocking brake and the independent brake are individually operated or simultaneously operated by the first and second brake operators, the rear wheel lock is given priority over the front wheel, so that the rider can use the lock. Even if you apply a sudden and excessive brake operation, the lock of the front wheel has priority,
The posture of the vehicle body during braking can be kept as good as possible, and a stable braking force can be exerted. Also,
By installing a cable actuator in the rear wheel hydraulic brake system, a mechanical brake that is more compact and less expensive than the hydraulic brake can be used for the rear wheel brake, and the small rear wheel of the soft bike can also be used. It can be incorporated without any change in the vehicle body structure. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. Brake device 1 for bar handle vehicles such as motorcycles and motorized bicycles
Is an interlocking brake that operates both the front wheel brake 4 and the rear wheel brake 5 by the hydraulic pressure generated in the hydraulic master cylinder 3 by the operation of the first brake operator 2, and the rear wheel brake 5 is operated by the second brake operator. 6 and a combination with a single brake that is operated mechanically by the operation. The first and second brake operators 2, 6 include:
Each of the brake levers is used, and the first brake operator 2 pivotally supports the base end thereof to the lever bracket 3a of the hydraulic master cylinder 3 fixed to the right side of the handlebar 7 so as to be in front of the accelerator grip 8. Arranged and second
The brake operator 6 is disposed in front of a fixed grip 10 with its base end pivotally supported by a lever holder 9 fixed to the left side of the handlebar 7. The front wheel brake 4 includes a front fork 11
A disk rotor 13 pivotally supported in a direction indicated by an arrow R together with a front wheel (not shown) on a front axle 12 installed at a lower end of the front fork 11;
And a caliper body 15 supported by a caliper bracket 14 over the disk rotor 13. The rear wheel brake 5 is provided inside a rear wheel (not shown).
The back plate 16 is a mechanical drum brake that is fixed to the rear end of the swing arm 17. A pair of bow brake shoes 18,
18 are arranged to face each other with the cam shaft 19 and the anchor pin 20 interposed therebetween. A brake drum connected to the rear wheel via a rear axle 21 is provided between the brake shoes 18, 18 and the outer peripheral edge of the back plate 16 so as to be rotatable in the direction of arrow R.
Two wire cables 23 and 24 are connected to the tip of the brake arm 22 protruding outward of the wire. One of the wire cables 23, which is an example of the connecting means of the present invention, is connected to a cable actuator 29 described later and to the other. The wire cables 24 are respectively connected to the second brake operators 6. A hydraulic pipe 25 is connected to the hydraulic master cylinder 3. The hydraulic pipe 25 is connected by hydraulic control valves 26 to hydraulic pipes 27, 2 for front wheel brakes and rear wheel brakes.
It branches to eight. Hydraulic piping 27 for front wheel brake
Is connected to the caliper body 15 of the front wheel brake 4,
The above-described cable actuator 29 is interposed between the hydraulic brake pipe 28 for the rear wheel brake and one of the wire cables 23 as an operating force conversion mechanism. The hydraulic pressure control valve 26 is constituted by appropriately combining a P valve (proportional valve) with a cut valve and a pressure reducing valve. Is reduced or kept constant according to the vehicle speed or the road surface condition by these valves, and supplied to the hydraulic pressure pipes 27 and 28. The cable actuator 29 has a piston 32 liquid-tightly inserted into a cylinder hole 31 of a cylinder body 30 to define a hydraulic pressure chamber 33 around the base end of the piston 32. A return spring 35 is contracted between the receiving plate 34 on the opening side and the piston 32 is constantly biased toward the bottom of the cylinder hole 31. At the base end of the piston 32, a small-diameter rod 32a penetrating the bottom wall 30a of the cylinder hole 31 is provided so as to protrude.
3 are connected. The brake device 1 configured as above is
The front wheel brake 4 and the rear wheel brake 5 operate in conjunction with the hydraulic pressure generated in the hydraulic master cylinder 3 by the gripping operation of the first brake operator 2. A part of the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic master cylinder 3 to the hydraulic pipe 25 branches off the hydraulic control valve 26 and enters the hydraulic pipe 27 for the front wheel brake.
The friction pads inside the caliper body 15 are brought into sliding contact with the disk rotor 13 to brake the front wheels. Another part of the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pipe 25 branches off the hydraulic control valve 26 and enters a hydraulic pipe 28 for the rear wheel brake.
Into the hydraulic pressure chamber 33 from the cylinder bore 3
1 in the direction of the opening, so that the rod 32a is
1 and the one wire cable 23 is pulled. The brake arm 22 of the rear wheel brake 5 rotates about the cam shaft 19 by pulling the wire cable 23, and the rotation of the cam shaft 19 causes the brake shoe 1 to rotate.
The rear wheels 8 and 18 are expanded by using the anchor pin 20 as a fulcrum and the linings 18a and 18a of the brake shoes 18 and 18 are brought into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum. On the other hand, in the independent brake using the second brake operating means 6, the other wire cable 24 directly connected to the second brake operating means 6 is pulled, and the rear brake 5
, The rear wheel brake 5 is operated in the same manner as the first brake operator 2 to brake the rear wheels. The braking characteristics of the interlocking brake by the first brake operator 2 and the braking characteristics of the independent brake by the second brake operating means 6 are set to lines B and C in FIG. 2, respectively. In the device 1, in order to set such braking characteristics, the input / output ratio of the cable actuator 29, the lever ratio of the brake arm 22 of the rear wheel brake 5, the effective diameter of the brake drum of the rear wheel brake 5, One or more of the friction coefficients between the brake drum and the linings 18a, 18a are adjusted. Line B indicating the braking characteristics of the interlocking brake
Means that the hydraulic pressure control valve 26 interposed in the hydraulic brake system from the first brake operator 2 has a P valve, a cut valve,
All of the lines B are in the rear wheel lock region close to the ideal distribution curve of the line A, which are sequentially operated with the pressure reducing valve.
In addition, the line C indicating the braking characteristic of the independent brake is also dedicated to the rear wheel brake 5, so that all of the line C is in the rear wheel lock region. By the way, when the hydraulic pressure control valve 26 is omitted from the hydraulic brake system of the present embodiment, the braking characteristic of the interlocking brake becomes as shown by the line D. As described above, since all of the braking characteristics of the interlocking brake and the braking characteristics lines B and C of the independent brake enter the rear wheel lock region, both the first brake operator 2 and the second brake operating means 6 are operated. In this case, these combined braking characteristic lines pass between the lines B and C in the rear wheel lock region, and even when the hydraulic pressure control valve 26 is omitted, the combined braking characteristic line remains in the rear wheel lock region. Since the vehicle passes between the lines C and D, the locking of the rear wheel precedes the locking of the front wheel first. In this embodiment, the input / output ratio of the cable actuator 29, the lever ratio of the brake arm 22 of the rear wheel brake 5, the effective diameter of the brake drum of the rear wheel brake 5, the brake drum and the lining 18
By adjusting one or more of the coefficients of friction with the a and 18a, the first brake operator 2 and the second brake operator 6 are operated to operate the interlocking brake and the independent brake individually or simultaneously. , Rear wheel brake 5
Is set to take priority over the lock of the front wheel brake 4, so even if the rider suddenly or excessively operates the brakes, the lock of the front wheel takes priority over the lock of the front wheel.
The posture of the vehicle body during braking can be kept as good as possible, and a stable braking force can be exhibited. Further, since the cable actuator 29 is interposed in the hydraulic brake system for the rear wheel brake and a low-cost mechanical drum brake is applied to the rear wheel brake 5, the manufacturing cost of the rear wheel brake 5 is reduced. Since it is cheaper than a hydraulic brake, and is smaller and more compact, it can be easily arranged inside the rear wheel. Therefore, unlike the case where a hydraulic brake is used for the rear wheel brake, there is no need to set the space for arranging the disc rotor and caliper body, and the engine, power transmission mechanism, and transmission mechanism are integrated on one side of the rear wheel. A small-displacement bar handle such as a soft bike or a scooter equipped with a power unit that can be integrated into the small wheel at the rear wheel of the vehicle without changing the tires or existing body structure, so it is excellent in versatility and economy It becomes. Further, the combination of the interlocking brake of the present embodiment and the independent brake for the rear wheel can be applied to a small-displacement bar-handle vehicle such as a soft bike or a scooter, so that a rider who is unfamiliar with the driving operation can use the combination. Can be easily stopped over a short distance. In particular, in this embodiment,
Since the hydraulic pressure control valve 26 in which the P valve, the cut valve, and the pressure reducing valve are appropriately combined is used in the hydraulic system of the interlocking brake by the first brake operator 2, the line B indicating the braking characteristic of the interlocking brake is obtained. Since it is close to the ideal distribution curve, better braking can be performed. In the above-described embodiment, a wire cable has been described as a means for connecting the rear wheel brake, but a rod may be connected for use. Further, although the cable actuator is of the piston retracting type, the connecting means can also be pulled by pushing out the piston of the cable actuator. Further, the hydraulic pressure control valve used in the embodiment may be omitted. According to the brake device for a bar handle vehicle of the present invention having the above-described structure, even if the rider performs a sudden and excessive braking operation, the locking of the front wheels is prioritized. As compared with the case, the vehicle body posture during braking can be kept as good as possible, and a stable braking force can be exhibited. Further, since a cable actuator is interposed in the hydraulic brake system for the rear wheel brake and a low-cost mechanical drum brake is used for the rear wheel brake, the manufacturing cost of the rear wheel brake is lower than that of the hydraulic brake. In addition, since it is inexpensive, and has a small diameter and is compact, it can be easily arranged inside the wheel of the rear wheel without securing a special arrangement space. In particular, small-displacement bar handles such as soft bikes and scooters that have a power unit integrated with an engine, power transmission mechanism, and transmission mechanism on one side of the rear wheel. Since it can be incorporated without any change in the structure, it is excellent in versatility and economy. Moreover, the interlocking brake and the independent brake for the rear wheel can be applied to small-displacement bar handle vehicles such as soft bikes and scooters.
Even a rider who is unfamiliar with the driving operation can easily stop at a short distance.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a brake device for a bar handle vehicle showing one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the braking characteristics of a bar handle vehicle. Device 2: first brake operator 3 for interlocking brake 3 ... hydraulic master cylinder 4 ... front wheel brake 5 using hydraulic brake ... rear wheel brake 6 using mechanical brake 6 ... independent brake for operating rear wheel brake 5 Second brake operator 613 disc rotor 15 caliper body 16 back plate 18 brake shoe 18a lining 22 brake arm 23 wire cable 24 as connecting means of the present invention wire cables 25, 27, 28 ... Hydraulic piping 26 ... Hydraulic pressure control valve 29 ... Cable actuator 30 ... Cylinder body of cable actuator 29 31 ... Cylinder hole 32 ... Piston 32a ... Rod 33 of piston 32 ... Hydraulic pressure chamber A ... Line B showing ideal distribution of interlocking brake ... Line C showing braking characteristics of interlocking brake by the first brake operator 2 ... Second brake Line D indicating the braking characteristic of the independent brake by the operator 6 ... Line R indicating the braking characteristic of the interlocking brake by the first brake operator 2 when the hydraulic pressure control valve 26 is omitted: Disk rotor 13 and rear wheel brake Drum rotation direction

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (56) References JP-B-62-26952 (JP, B1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B62L 3/02 B60T 8/26 B60T 11 / twenty four

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] A hydraulic pipe connected to a hydraulic master cylinder operated by a first brake operator is branched into a front wheel brake and a rear wheel brake. In a bar-handle vehicle brake device that operates in conjunction with a rear wheel brake by operating the first brake operator and operates the rear wheel brake by operating a second brake operator, the rear wheel brake is connected A mechanical brake towed by the connecting means, a cable actuator is interposed between the connecting means and a hydraulic pipe for a rear wheel brake, and the connecting means is connected to a piston inside the cable actuator, The piston is operated by the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic master cylinder to the cable actuator to pull the connecting means, and the first brake operating member and the second When operating the one or both of the rake operator, the bar-handle vehicle brake system, characterized in that the setting to prioritize the lock locking the front wheel of the rear wheel.