JPH09236223A - Pyrolysis residue separator for waste treating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the recovery of combustible component adhered to metallic component by constituting a separator for separating waste to dry distillation gas and pyrolysis residue by heating the waste to thermally decompose it, by a screen selector and a specific gravity difference selector. SOLUTION: Previously comminuted waste (a) is supplied to a pyrolysis reactor 1, heated, thermally decomposed, separated to dry distillation gas G1 and pyrolysis gas (c) by an exhaust unit 5, cooled by a cooler 8, and supplied to a separator 9. The first separator has a first screen unit having a mesh of about 25 to 15mm and a second screen unit having a mesh of about 5 to 2mm. A second separator 12 has a specific gravity difference selector, a communicating frame 15 communicating with a forced draft fan 14 is disposed at the lower part, a pulsating screen unit 19 is disposed in a body 18 having an exhaust tube 17 communicating with a bag filter 16 is disposed at the upper part, and the metallic component e1 introduced from an introducing inlet 20 and the pyrolysis residue c1 are cleaned and separated while receiving floating action by the air A.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pyrolysis residue separation device for a waste treatment device, and more specifically, it heats and decomposes wastes under atmospheric pressure (low oxygen atmosphere) to produce dry distillation gas and mainly non-volatile gas. Waste produced by generating a thermal decomposition residue composed of a volatile component, separating the thermal decomposition residue into a combustible component and an incombustible component, and subjecting the combustible component and the carbonized gas to combustion treatment. The present invention relates to a pyrolysis residue separation device in a processing device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As one of the treatment devices for general waste such as municipal solid waste and industrial waste including combustible substances such as waste plastic, the waste is put in a thermal decomposition reactor to be under atmospheric pressure (low oxygen atmosphere). At the same time, it is pyrolyzed by heating to produce a dry distillation gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly consisting of non-volatile components, and after further cooling the pyrolysis residue, it is supplied to a separation device and combustible components mainly composed of carbon. For example, it is separated into non-combustible components made of rubble such as metal, pottery, gravel, concrete pieces, etc., combustible components are crushed, and the combustible components crushed and the carbonization gas described above are melted in the combustor. There is known a waste treatment device which is introduced into a furnace and burned in the melting furnace to form the generated combustion ash into molten slag, which is discharged and cooled and solidified.

As a separation device for separating the pyrolysis residue discharged from the pyrolysis reactor into a combustible component and a non-combustible component, a sieving device is first used, and a large (mainly composed of non-combustible component) is used. Coarse-grained pyrolysis residue and small (fine-grained) pyrolysis residue mainly composed of combustible components such as carbon are separated, and then the large pyrolysis residue is applied to a metallic component separation device such as a magnetic separator. It is disclosed that after the metallic components are supplied to remove the metallic components, they are fed to a wind sorter to separate the combustible components from rubble and the like (JP-A-64-49816).
issue).

[0004]

By the way, in a separation device for separating a thermal decomposition residue into a combustible component and a non-combustible component as described above, a combustible component such as carbon adhering to a metallic component is used. However, not only is the separation of the flammable components reduced, but the recovery of the flammable components is reduced, and when the separated metallic components are reused, the flammable components pose a problem.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, in which waste is heated and thermally decomposed to produce a carbonization gas and mainly non-volatile components. And a discharge device for separating the pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis reactor from the pyrolysis residue, and a pyrolysis product discharged from the discharge device. It comprises a separator for separating the residue into combustible components and non-combustible components, a pulverizer for pulverizing the combustible components, and a combustor for combusting the carbonization gas and the pulverized combustible components. In the waste treatment device, the separation device is a first separator composed of a sieve sorter,
It is intended to provide a thermal decomposition residue separation device in a waste treatment device configured by a second separator composed of a specific gravity difference sorter.

The sieve separator used as the first separator has a mesh of 30 to 10 mm, preferably 25 to 15 m.
m with a first sieve device configured to have a mesh of 2 mm
Preferably, it is comprised of a second sieving device. And as a specific gravity difference sorter used as the second separator,
A vibrating screen device is provided in the main body in which a communication pipe communicating with a forced air blower is arranged in the lower part, and a discharge pipe communicating with the bag filter is arranged in the upper part, and the vibrating screen device is provided on the vibrating screen device. It is advisable to supply the coarse-grained pyrolysis residue separated by.

According to the pyrolysis residue separating device in the above-mentioned waste treatment device, the pyrolysis residue discharged from the discharging device is supplied to the first separator, where fine particles such as carbon are mainly contained. The combustible component, which is a combustible material, is separated into coarse-grained mainly metallic components and non-combustible component, which is rubble, and the non-combustible component is supplied to the second separator.

That is, when the air is blown by the forced air blower while being supplied to the vibrating screen device which constitutes the second separator, a relatively small non-combustible component passes through the vibrating screen device. The combustible components that have fallen and adhered to the metallic components and rubble are supplied from the discharge pipe to the bag filter, where they are separated and collected. Then, the relatively small non-combustible component that has passed through the vibrating screen device and the large non-combustible component captured on the vibrating screen device are supplied to a metallic component separation device such as a magnetic separator as necessary. It is separated into metallic components such as iron and aluminum and debris such as pottery, gravel and concrete pieces.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a thermal decomposition residue separating apparatus in a waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a waste treatment device equipped with a pyrolysis residue separation device. In this figure, 1
Is a thermal decomposition reactor composed of, for example, a horizontal rotary drum, and the thermal decomposition reactor 1 is charged with a waste a crushed to a size of about 150 mm or less by a crusher (not shown) by the charging device 2 in advance.

The heating air b heated by the air heater 3 is supplied to the thermal decomposition reactor 1 through a line L ₁ and the inside thereof is heated to 300 ° C. to 600 ° C., usually about 450 ° C. . The inside of the thermal decomposition reactor 1 is kept under atmospheric pressure (low oxygen atmosphere) by a sealing mechanism (not shown) and the induced air blower 4. Waste a such has been supplied to the pyrolysis reactor 1, where it is heated by thermal decomposition, and carbonization gas G ₁ and the pyrolysis residue c is generated, the carbonization gas G ₁ and the pyrolysis residue The product c is separated by the discharge device 5 attached to the thermal decomposition reactor 1, and the dry distillation gas G ₁
Is passed through line L ₂ to burner 7 of melting furnace 6 which is a combustor.
Is supplied to.

On the other hand, the thermal decomposition residue c is cooled by the cooling device 8 to a temperature at which there is no danger of ignition, for example, about 80 ° C. The component of the thermal decomposition residue c varies depending on the type of the waste a, but according to the knowledge of the present inventor, it was as follows. Relatively fine grain combustible component 10-60% Relatively fine grain ash (non-combustible component) 5-40% Coarse grain metallic component (non-combustible component) 7-50% Coarse grain, rubble, pottery, Concrete pieces and the like (non-combustible component) 10 to 60% Then, the thermal decomposition residue c cooled in this way is supplied to the separator 9.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the thermal decomposition residue c cooled by the cooling device 8 is supplied to the first separator 11 constituting the separating device 9 by the bucket conveyor 10. This first separator 11 has a mesh of 30 to 10
mm, preferably 25 to 15 mm, usually about 16 mm, and a first sieving device 11a having a mesh size of about 5 mm to 2 mm.

The pyrolysis residue c supplied to the first sieving apparatus 11a mainly contains combustible components such as carbon and iron, aluminum and rubble, and has various particle sizes. The first sieving device 11a separates a relatively large (coarse-grained) pyrolysis residue c ₁ . The relatively large thermal decomposition residue c ₁ is mainly composed of a metallic component such as an empty can, and the rubble that has not been crushed therein and the small-diameter carbon attached to the metallic component and the rubble, for example, in the form of flakes. Combustible components of relatively large diameter are mixed,
Such thermal decomposition residue c ₁ is supplied to the second separator 12.

On the other hand, the pyrolysis residue c2 that has passed through the first sieving apparatus 11a is mainly a combustible component such as carbon, in which non-combustible components such as small-sized ash, metallic components and debris are mixed. ing. Such a pyrolysis residue c ₂ is supplied to the second sieving device 11b and separated into a large (coarse grain) pyrolysis residue c ₃ and a small (fine grain) pyrolysis residue c _4. large pyrolysis residue c ₃ is metallic component e ₁ are separated by the magnetic separator 13, the metallic component e ₁ is also supplied with the pyrolysis residue c ₁ to the second separator 12.

The second separator 12 is composed of a specific gravity difference sorter, and an example thereof will be described as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
The communication pipe 15 that communicates with the forced air blower 14 is arranged at the bottom,
A vibrating screen device 19 is arranged in a main body 18 in which a discharge pipe 17 communicating with the bag filter device 16 is arranged in an upper portion. The metallic component e ₁ and the thermal decomposition residue c ₁ that have been charged into the vibrating screen device 19 through the charging port 20 are washed and separated while being subjected to the levitation action by the blower A from the forced draft fan 14 and have a small diameter. Non-combustible component e ₂ of
The combustible component d ₁ is collected by the bag filter 16 via the discharge pipe 17.

The large-diameter non-combustible component e ₃ is discharged from the outlet 2.
It is discharged from 1a and 21b. The large-diameter non-combustible component e ₃ and the small-diameter non-combustible component e ₂ that have passed through the sieve are shown in FIG.
It is supplied to the metallic component separation device 22 shown in FIG. 2 and separated into rubble k, aluminum m, iron n, etc.
23c are collected and collected respectively. Alternatively, the large-diameter non-combustible component e ₃ and the small-diameter non-combustible component e ₂ that have passed through the sieve can be separately supplied to the metallic component separation device for treatment.

The fine-grained thermal decomposition residue c _{4 which} has passed through the second sieving device 11b shown in FIG. 2 is a bag filter and a thermal decomposition residue c ₅ from which the metallic component e ₁ has been separated and removed by the magnetic separator 13. The combustible component d ₁ collected by the device 16 is the crusher 24
Then, the combustible component d is pulverized to, for example, 1 mm or less, and the comminuted particles are separated and sized by the sieve sorter 25.
It is adapted to be supplied to the burner 7 of the melting furnace 6 from the line L ₃ via 6.

The combustible component d which has not been sufficiently pulverized by the pulverizer 24 is separated by the sieve sorter 25, collected in the hopper 27, and then supplied to the pulverizer 24 again for pulverization. In some cases, the second sieving device 11b and the sieving sorter 25 that form the first separator 11 may not necessarily be provided.
In this way, the incombustible component e is separated and the comminuted combustible component d is supplied to the burner 7 by the line L _{3 as} shown in FIG. 1. Here, it is supplied from the line L ₂ . The dry distillation gas G ₁ and the combustion air f supplied from the line L ₄ by the blower 28 were burned at a high temperature of about 1,300 ° C., and the combustion ash generated at this time and the combustible component d were mixed. The ash is melted, becomes molten slag g, flows down into the water tank 29, and is cooled and solidified.

On the other hand, the combustion gas G ₂ in the melting furnace 6 is recovered through the line L ₅ by the air heater 3 and the waste heat boiler 30 and dust is removed by the dust collectors 31a and 31b, which is a relatively low temperature clean. A large amount of exhaust gas G ₃ is emitted into the atmosphere from the chimney 32, and part of the exhaust gas G ₃ is supplied to the cooling device 8 via the line L ₆ to cool the thermal decomposition residue c. Further, a waste heat boiler 30 is provided following the air heater 3, and the steam S generated thereby drives a power generator 33 including a steam turbine and a generator to recover heat.

[0020]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the thermal decomposition residue separation device in the waste treatment device of the present invention, the combustible components adhering to metallic components and rubble are washed by wind force. The recovery is achieved by separation (dry cleaning), and as a result, the recovery rate of the combustible component is improved and, at the same time, the adverse effect of reusing the metallic component can be prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a waste treatment device equipped with a pyrolysis residue separation device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a separation device.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a specific gravity difference sorter.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Pyrolysis Reactor 2 Input Device 3 Air Heater 4 Induction Blower 5 Discharge Device 6 Melting Furnace 7 Burner 8 Cooling Device 9 Separation Device 10 Bucket Conveyor 11 First Separator 11a 1st
Sieve 11b Second Sieve 12 Second Separator 13 Magnetic Separator 14 Pusher Blower 15 Communication Pipe 16 Bag Filter 17 Discharge Pipe 18 Body 19 Vibrating Sieve 20 Input Port 21a, 21b Discharge Port 22 Metallic Component Separation Device 23a-23c Container 24 Crusher 25 Sieve sorter 26 Carbon hopper 27 Hopper 28 Blower 29 Water tank 30 Waste heat boiler 31a, 31b Dust collector 32 Chimney 33 Power generator

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pyrolysis reactor for heating and thermally decomposing waste to produce a dry distillation gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly consisting of non-volatile components, and the dry distillation gas discharged from the pyrolysis reactor. Device for separating the thermal decomposition residue and the thermal decomposition residue, a separation device for separating the thermal decomposition residue discharged from the exhaust device into a combustible component and an incombustible component, and a crusher for pulverizing the combustible component. And a combustor for combusting the dry-distilled gas and the combustible components that have been pulverized, wherein the separation device includes a first separator that is a sieve sorter and a specific gravity difference sorter. A pyrolysis residue separation device in a waste treatment device, comprising a second separator. 2. A mesh of 30 to 10 mm, preferably 25
The first separator of claim 1 configured to be ~ 15 mm. 3. A vibrating screen device is provided in a main body having a communication pipe communicating with a forced air blower at a lower part and a discharge pipe communicating with a bag filter at an upper part, and a vibrating screen device is provided on the vibrating screen device.
The second separator according to claim 1, wherein the coarse thermal decomposition residue separated by the separator is supplied.