JPH09235769A - Rainwater treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent flooding of a river resulting from inflow of a large quantity of rainwater into the river for a short time and make use of the rainwater penetrated into the ground as water supply for fire fighting use at an emergency and also make use of it as water for a water fall or an artificial river in order to improve the landscape. SOLUTION: This system is provided with a water reservoir 2 embedded in the ground, an introduction means A of water on the ground leading rainwater to the water reservoir 2, an introduction means B collecting reinwater penetrated in the ground and leading it to the water reservoir 2, and a returning means C of the water in the reservoir 2 into the ground when the water level in the reservoir has risen higher than a specified level L1. The water reservoir 2 is installed at a disaster prevention area in a park or the like.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rainwater treatment system, and more particularly, to a large amount of rainwater that flows into a river at a time by delaying the time period during which rainwater that has fallen on the surface of the earth when the rainfall is heavy. The present invention relates to a rainwater treatment system that can be used not only as a preventive measure but also as a disaster prevention facility in the event of a disaster such as an earthquake or fire.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, most of city roads have been paved, and new residential areas have been constructed in the suburbs of the city. There is a situation in which the river flows into the river in a short period of time. However, if the rainwater that has landed on the ground surface flows into the river in a short time when there is a large amount of rainfall,
The volume of water in the river increases in a short time, which may cause flood damage. Conventionally, various measures have been taken to prevent flooding of rivers by strengthening river banks and enhancing sewerage.

On the other hand, it is also attempted to use parks, plazas, vacant lots, etc. as disaster prevention areas in the event of an earthquake or fire, and always store water in a water tank installed in the basement of such disaster prevention areas to use as fire prevention water. Has been.

[0004]

The present invention has been made under the above circumstances. That is, the present invention suppresses the flooding of the river by preventing the rapid increase in water in the river by delaying the time zone in which the rainwater that has fallen on the surface of the surface when the amount of rainfall is large, in addition to The purpose is to provide a rainwater treatment system that can always store rainwater that has penetrated into the ground and use that water as fire prevention water in the event of a fire, as well as water for waterfalls and artificial rivers to enhance the landscape. To do.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a rainwater treatment system for storing water, which is useful when a water shortage occurs due to weather conditions, as a standing water in a water tank.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems A rainwater treatment system according to the present invention comprises a water tank buried underground, surface water introducing means for introducing surface rainwater into the water tank, and rainwater that has penetrated into the ground. It is provided with a permeated water introducing means for collecting water and introducing it into the water storage tank, and a return water means for returning the water in the water storage tank to the ground when the water level in the water storage tank rises above the reference water level. .

According to this rainwater treatment system, a part of the rainwater that has landed on the surface is introduced into the water tank by the surface water introduction means before it flows into the river, and a part of the rainwater that has penetrated into the ground is introduced by the penetration water introduction means. Water is collected and introduced into a water tank. In the water tank, the surface water and the permeated water thus introduced are constantly stored so as to be close to the predetermined reference water level.
In this way, the water that is always stored in the water tank is used as standing water for fire prevention in case of fire and circulating water for water utilization facilities such as artificial rivers (serratagi and waterfalls).

As described above, since the above-mentioned permanent water is stored in the water tank, when the surface water is introduced into the water tank by the surface water introducing means when the amount of rainfall is large, the water level of the water tank becomes the standard. It rises above the water level. When the water level in the water tank rises in this way, the water in the water tank is returned to the ground by the water return means. For this reason, even if a large amount of surface water flows into the water tank, all or part of the surface water is released to the ground by the return means, so that the water level of the water tank does not rise sharply, and It is possible to suppress the situation where surface water that has been filled with water and cannot be stored in the water tank flows into the river in a short time. It takes a considerable amount of time for the rainwater that has landed on the surface of the ground to permeate into the ground and be collected by the permeated water introduction means, while surface water is introduced into the water tank by the surface water introduction means. Since the time that elapses is relatively short, the rainwater that has penetrated into the ground does not hinder the water in the water tank from being released into the ground by the return means.

It is desirable that the return water means overflows the water in the water storage tank and returns it to the ground when the water level in the water storage tank reaches a return water level higher than the reference water level. As the return water means, a rainwater infiltration facility such as a culvert member or a rainwater infiltration basin made of a perforated pipe buried in the ground can be used.

When there is a possibility that the amount of rainwater flowing into the water tank is too high and the water level of the water tank reaches a higher level than the return water level described above, a discharge water level higher than the return water level is set. It is advisable to discharge the water in the water tank to the river by the discharge facility when the water level reaches the discharge water level. By doing so, surface water once flows into the water tank before flowing into the river,
The width of the time when surface water flows into the river widens, and the rapid increase in water in the river is mitigated.

It is desirable to adopt a construction in which the permeated water introducing means includes a underdrain member buried underground in the unpaved road. If the underdrain is buried underground in the unpaved road, the rainwater that has landed on the surface of the unpaved road will penetrate into the ground below and be collected by the underdrain and introduced into the water tank. It is possible to increase the amount of permeated water introduced into

When the surface water introducing means includes a manhole for collecting rainwater and a gutter provided at a low place of the terrain having undulations, the rainwater that falls on the terrain has a rugged surface and gathers in the gutters. Therefore, it becomes possible to secure a large amount of water introduced into the water storage tank by the surface water introduction means.

If the water storage tank, the surface water introducing means, the seepage water introducing means, and the returning water means are installed in a disaster prevention area such as a park, a plaza, a vacant land or an adjoining area thereof, the disaster prevention area is used. A rainwater treatment system can be installed.
In addition, a tree planting area is set up in the disaster prevention area, and it is equipped with a sprinkler that sprinkles water on the trees in the planting area.The water source of this sprinkler is a water storage tank, and the disaster prevention area has water such as artificial rivers. It is convenient to adopt a configuration in which a facility for use is provided and the water source of this facility is a water tank. By doing so, the disaster prevention function for disaster prevention areas in the event of a disaster will be strengthened. As well,
The disaster-prevention area will be a suitable place for old people to walk. What is more important is that the water in the water tank can be effectively used as an artificial river, a murmuring waterfall, or a waterfall on the landscape, and if the water in the water tank is recycled as an artificial river, murmuring waterfall or a waterfall. The aeration effect suppresses the decay of water.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a plan view of a case where the rainwater treatment system according to the present invention is installed in a city park used as a disaster prevention area, and FIG. 2 shows a concrete configuration of the rainwater treatment system. It is an explanatory view shown.

In FIG. 1, a water tank 2 is buried underground in a city park used as a disaster prevention area 1. This disaster prevention area 1 is usually assumed as an area useful for old people and children to walk around and play, and in an emergency, it will be used as an evacuation site for the disaster victims and their temporary housing where the houses collapsed due to the earthquake, or during a fire. It is supposed to be a firebreak to prevent the spread of fire. Therefore, the topography of the disaster prevention area 1 has undulations. In the figure, the high places such as hills are designated by reference numeral 3,
Low places such as open spaces and rest areas are indicated by reference numeral 4. Also,
A tree planting area 5 is provided around the disaster prevention area 1. Furthermore, there is a water utilization facility 6 that combines artificial rivers, murmuring waterfalls, waterfalls, ponds, etc. in appropriate places in the disaster prevention area 1. In addition to this, there are unexplored rivers, murmuring waterfalls, waterfalls, ponds, open spaces, hills, etc. A paved passage 7 is provided.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, in this rainwater treatment system, in addition to the water storage tank 2, surface water introducing means A for introducing rainwater on the surface of the water into the water storage tank 2 and infiltration into the ground. Seepage water introducing means B for collecting the collected rainwater and introducing it into the water tank 2, and returning water means C for returning the water in the water tank 2 to the ground when the water level in the water tank 2 rises above the reference water level, In the illustrated example, the permeated water introducing means B and the returning water means C are also used.

The surface water introducing means A includes a gutter 11 provided at a low place. The gutter 11 is provided beside the passage 7 shown in FIG. 1 or around the disaster prevention area 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the gutters 11 provided at those locations are shown.
Are connected to the water storage tank 2 via the water conduit 12. For this reason, rainwater that has descended to high places 3 on the surface of the earth travels along the surface of the gutter 1
After being collected in 1 ..., they are introduced into the water storage tank 2 from the side grooves 11 ... Alternatively, the rainwater that has landed on the surface of the earth may enter the water tank 2 directly.

The permeated water introducing means B is provided with an unpaved through hole 7.
Including the underdrain member 21 buried under the ground and the underdrain member 21 buried under the ground in other low places. Although the underground location of the underpass 7 is illustrated as an installation location of the underdrain member 21 in FIG. 1, the installation location of this underdrain member 21 can be various under the slope of the high place 3 and the underground of the low place 4. The place can be selected appropriately. It may be connected to the water storage tank 2 via a water conduit of an underdrain member installed outside the disaster prevention area 1.
As the underdrain member 21, a corrugated perforated pipe 22 made of synthetic resin in which water passages are scattered on the pipe wall as shown in FIG. 6 and connected in a fishbone form as shown in FIG. In addition to the perforated pipes 22 arranged side by side in a grid, the perforated pipes 22 arranged side by side in parallel, as well as "Mizumichi" inside
It is possible to preferably employ a flat surface having a gap that

In the surface water introducing means A and the permeated water introducing means B, rainwater purification equipment may be installed in parallel depending on the amount of water and the degree of contamination of water. As the rainwater purification facility, it is possible to use one in which crushed stone, sand, a filter member or the like are stacked to form a filter layer, or one in which an adsorption layer such as activated carbon is further stacked. In this way, by adding the rainwater purifying facility to the surface water introducing means A and the permeated water introducing means B, the rainwater purifying function is provided. Therefore, the water introduced into the water tank 2 by the surface water introducing means A and the permeated water introducing means B is not only used as fire prevention water, but also as water for waterfalls and ponds in the park, or other than that, depending on the degree of purification. Can be used for toilet water or watering plants.

The above-mentioned surface water introducing means A is provided in the water tank 2.
And the water introduced by the permeated water introduction means B is the standard water level L
It is always near the water level set as 1. The permanent water in the water storage tank 2 is used not only as water for fire prevention as described above but also as circulating water for the water use equipment 6. When the water tank 2 is used as the water source and the standing water is used as the circulating water for the water use equipment 6, there is an advantage that the water is prevented from spoiling due to the aeration effect. In addition,
Considering the situation at the time of disaster, it is desirable that the amount of standing water is several thousand tons.

The return water means C overflows the water in the water storage tank 2 and returns it to the ground when the water level in the water storage tank 2 reaches the return water level L2 which is set higher than the reference water level L1. . The water returning means C includes rainwater infiltration facilities such as a underdrain member and a rainwater infiltration basin buried underground. FIG. 4 shows the water return means C using the perforated pipe 22 shown in FIG. According to this water return means C, when the amount of rainwater flowing into the water tank 2 at the time of rainfall is too large and the water level of the water tank 2 rises above the reference water level L1 and reaches the return water level L2, the water tank 2 The water is released to the ground by the return means C. For this reason, the water level of the water storage tank 2 does not suddenly rise, and surface water that has been filled with water and cannot be stored in the water storage tank flows into the river in a short time. Is suppressed. In some cases, a pump facility P may be attached to the water return means C as shown in FIG. 4, and the pump facility P may force the water in the water storage tank 2 to escape to the ground. It takes a considerable amount of time for the rainwater that has fallen on the surface of the ground during rain to permeate into the ground and be collected by the permeated water introduction means B, while surface water is introduced into the water tank by the surface water introduction means. Since the time elapsed until is relatively short, the water that has penetrated into the ground does not hinder the water in the water storage tank 2 from being released into the ground by the return means C.

In the rainwater treatment system shown in FIG. 2, when the water level in the water tank 2 reaches the discharge water level L3 set higher than the return water level L1, the water discharge facility D for discharging the water in the water tank 2 to the river. Is equipped with. This is a water tank 2 when it rains.
It is provided in consideration of a situation in which the amount of rainwater flowing into the tank is too large and the water level in the water tank 2 reaches a higher level than the return water level L2. By doing so, when the water level reaches the discharge water level L3, the water in the water storage tank 2 is discharged to the river by the discharge facility D.

FIG. 7 shows a transition (H1) of the water volume of the river when rainwater that has fallen on the surface of the park flows along the surface of the river into the river near the park, and of the river when the rainwater treatment system described above is used. It is a chart explaining the case where it compared with the change (H2) of the water volume. As can be seen in the figure, when the rainwater treatment system is not used, the time T1 for reaching the maximum water volume allowed in the river is relatively short, so that when the rainfall is large, the water volume becomes the maximum as shown by H1. There is a risk of flooding the river beyond the volume of water. However, when a rainwater treatment system is used, rainwater will not flow into the river in a short time even if there is a large amount of rainfall, so the rainwater treatment system will be used during the time period when the rainwater that has landed on the surface flows into the river. It will be later than if not, which will prevent rapid flooding in the river. Therefore, as shown by H1, the maximum water volume does not exceed the maximum water volume allowed for the river, and the flooding of the river is suppressed. In FIG. 7, T0
Indicates the rainfall start time, and T2 indicates the time when the river water volume reaches its peak when the rainwater treatment system is used.

In the planting area 5 of the disaster prevention area 1 described with reference to FIG. 1, the water sprinkling equipment 51 for sprinkling the trees in the planting area 5 is used.
Has been deployed. The water source of this sprinkler equipment 51 is the water tank 2.
It is. The water sprinkling equipment 51 is composed of, for example, a sprinkler installed in the planting area 5. Such a sprinkler equipment 51 is provided in the living space S around the disaster prevention area 1.
When a large-scale fire occurs in, it is useful to prevent the fire from spreading and to prevent the trees in the planting area 5 from spreading.

In the example shown in the figure, a city park is used as the disaster prevention area 1, but it is also possible to use a plaza, a vacant lot, or an adjoining place as the disaster prevention area 1. Further, it is desirable that the water storage tank 2 and the water sprinkling equipment 51 are close to each other, and it is preferable that the water sprinkling equipment 51 is near a living area where wooden houses are densely packed in order to prevent the spread of fire in the event of a fire.

FIG. 3 shows a modification of the surface water introducing means, the permeated water introducing means and the water returning means. In this example, the underdrain member 21 is connected to the water storage tank 2 via the sand settling tank 9, and after solid matters such as sand mixed in the water collected by the underdrain member 21 are sedimented and removed in the sand settling tank 9. , Is introduced into the water tank 2. Surface water collected in the gutter 11 is also introduced into the sand settling tank 9. Further, a pump facility P is attached to the water storage tank 2 so that the water in the water storage tank 2 can be forcibly sent to the underdrain member 21 by the pump facility P and allowed to escape to the ground.

[0027]

According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the inundation of a river caused by the inflow of rainwater into the river in a short time when a large amount of rainfall occurs. It will be possible to provide a rainwater treatment system that can be used for drinking water for fire protection and fire protection, as well as water for waterfalls and artificial rivers to enhance the scenery.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a plan view of an example in which a rainwater treatment system according to the present invention is installed in a city park used as a disaster prevention area.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific configuration of the rainwater treatment system.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a modification of surface water introducing means, permeated water introducing means, and water returning means.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a water return means.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view illustrating a culvert member.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view in which a perforated pipe is partially omitted.

FIG. 7 is a chart for explaining the operation of the rainwater treatment system of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Disaster Prevention Area 2 Water Tank 5 Planting Area 6 Water Utilization Equipment 11 Gutter 51 Sprinkling Equipment A Surface Water Introducing Means B Infiltration Water Introducing Means C Return Means D Discharging Means L1 Standard Water Level L2 Return Water Level L3 Discharge Water Level

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A water tank buried underground, surface water introducing means for introducing surface rainwater into the water tank, and permeated water introduction for collecting rainwater that has penetrated into the ground and introducing it into the water tank. A rainwater treatment system comprising: means and a return means for returning the water in the water tank to the ground when the water level in the water tank rises above a reference water level. 2. The water return means overflows the water in the water tank and returns it to the ground when the water level in the water tank reaches a return water level higher than the reference water level. Rainwater treatment system described in. 3. The rainwater treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the return water means includes rainwater infiltration equipment such as a underdrain member and a rainwater infiltration basin buried in the ground. 4. The rainwater treatment system according to claim 1, further comprising a discharge facility for discharging the water in the water tank to the river when the water level in the water tank reaches a discharge water level higher than the return water level. 5. The rainwater treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the permeated water introducing means includes a underdrain member buried underground in the unpaved road. 6. The rainwater treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the surface water introducing means includes a manhole for collecting rainwater and a gutter provided at a low place of a terrain having undulations. 7. The rainwater according to claim 1, wherein the water tank, the surface water introducing means, the seepage water introducing means, and the returning water means are installed in a disaster prevention area such as a park, a plaza, a vacant land, or an adjoining land thereof. Processing system. 8. A planting area for trees is provided in the disaster prevention area, and watering equipment for sprinkling water on the trees in the planting area is provided,
The rainwater treatment system according to claim 6, wherein the water source of the sprinkler is a water storage tank. 9. The rainwater treatment system according to claim 6, wherein a water utilization facility such as an artificial river is provided in the disaster prevention area, and the water source of the water utilization facility is a water storage tank.